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Here is a code for Quick Sort in MIPS32 tested in QtSpim.You can also refer implementation of other sorting algorithms on github profile: skyhavoc/CSF342-ComputerArchitecture#  # "Quick Sort in MIPS" # Author: Aman Nidhi # Year : 2016 #  #  .data  space: .asciiz " " # a $space string.  line: .asciiz "\n" # a newline string.  colonsp: .asciiz ": " # a colon string with $space.  .align 2  array: .word 0 : 1000 # an ar$ray of word, for storing values.  # array: .word 34 5 88 4 56 98 7 70 23 63 44 87 # sample array 12 samples  # array: .word 6 7 2 4 3 # sample array  size: .word 12 # actual count of the elements in the ar$ray.  question: .asciiz "Input number of values to be sorted (0 < N < 1000): "  instruct: .asciiz "Input each value: "  sorted_array_string: .asciiz "Sorted:"  receive_values_loop_iter_string: .asciiz "Input value#" .text .globl main main:  params_info:  li $v0, 4 # 4 = print_string syscall.  la $a0, question # load pa$rams_info_string to argument register $$a0.  syscall # issue a system call.  params:  li $v0, 5 # 5 = read_int syscall.  syscall # get length of the ar$ray  la $t0, size   sw $v0, 0($t0)   receive_values_loop_info:  li $v0, 4 # prompt user to start feeding in data into the ar$ray  la $a0, instruct   syscall   li $v0, 4 # print new line  la $a0, line   syscall  ### input loop  receive_values_loop_prep:  la $t0, array # load ar$ray to $$t0.  lw $t1, size # load size to $t1.  li $t2, 0 # loop iter, starting from 0.  receive_values_loop:  bge $t2, $t1, receive_values_end # while ($t2 < $t1).  li $v0, 4 # prompt at every ite$ration during input  la $a0, receive_values_loop_iter_string   syscall   li $v0, 1   addi $a0, $t2, 1 # load (iter + 1) to argument register $$a0.  syscall   li $v0, 4   la $a0, colonsp   syscall   li $v0, 5   syscall # USER INPUT  sw $v0, 0($t0) # store the user input in the ar$ray.  addi $t0, $t0, 4 # increment ar$ray pointer by 4.  addi $t2, $t2, 1 # increment loop iter by 1.  j receive_values_loop # jump back to the beginning of the loop.  receive_values_end:  jal print # printing user input values  # Set up the main mergesort call.  # Ar$rays are   la $a0, array # a0 adrs of the array  li $a1, 0 # left val  lw $a2, size # right val  addi $a2, $a2, -1  jal def_quick_sort   jal print  j exit # a0 - address of array # a1 - zero # a2 - size-1 of array #  def_quick_sort:  bge $a1, $a2, qs_End # end condition   #   addi $sp, $sp, -20  sw $ra, 0($sp) # save return adrs  sw $a0, 8($sp) # adrs  sw $a1, 12($sp) # save left val  sw $a2, 16($sp) # save right val  jal def_partition # v0 = def_partition(arr, l, r)  lw $ra, 0($sp) #  sw $v0, 4($sp)   # lw $a0, 8($sp) #   lw $a1, 12($sp) #   addi $a2, $v0, -1 #   jal def_quick_sort  lw $ra, 0($sp) #  # lw $a0, 12($sp) #   lw $t0, 4($sp) #  addi $a1, $t0, 1 #   lw $a2, 16($sp) #   jal def_quick_sort  addi $sp, $sp, 20  lw $ra, 0($sp)  qs_End:   jr $ra # partition subroutine # a0 - address of array # a1 - zero # a2 - size-1 of array #  def_partition:  add $t0, $a1, $zero  add $t1, $a2, $zero   mul $t7, $t1, 4  add $t7, $a0, $t7  lw $t2, ($t7) # key  addi $t1, $t1, -1  li $t5, -1 # t5 = i  loop:  bgt $t0, $t1, loop_end # t0 = j  mul $t7, $t0, 4  add $t7, $a0, $t7  lw $t3, ($t7)  ble $t3, $t2, incl  incl_return:  addi $t0, $t0, 1  j loop  loop_end:  j swap_p  swap_p_return:  add $v0, $t0, $zero  jr $ra  incl:  addi $t5, $t5, 1  mul $t6, $t5, 4  add $t6, $a0, $t6  lw $s0, ($t6)  mul $t7, $t0, 4  add $t7, $a0, $t7  lw $s1, ($t7)  sw $s0, ($t7)  sw $s1, ($t6)  j incl_return  swap_p:  addi $t5, $t5, 1  mul $t6, $t5, 4  add $t6, $a0, $t6  lw $s0, ($t6)  mul $t7, $a2, 4  add $t7, $a0, $t7  lw $s1, ($t7)  sw $s0, ($t7)  sw $s1, ($t6)  j swap_p_return # prog$rams ends #  exit:  li $v0, 10 # 10 = exit syscall.  syscall  ### Printing print:  print_loop_prep:  la $t0, array  lw $t1, size  li $t2, 0  print_loop:  bge $t2, $t1, print_end  li $v0, 1  lw $a0, 0($t0)  syscall  li $v0, 4  la $a0, space  syscall  addi $t0, $t0, 4  addi $t2, $t2, 1  j print_loop  print_end:  li $v0, 4  la $a0, line  syscall  jr $ra 

It was basically a suicide.The Amiga was way ahead of its time. Not just in graphics. In the world of personal computers, the Amiga had packed more firsts, or nearly firsts, into one machine than any time in the past or future.The Amiga hardware used dozens of dedicated DMA channels to speed up all kinds of low-level operations, things other computers (particularly the Macintosh) did by software polling. This was essential to support the true multitasking operating system, long before MacOS supported it... Microsoft were still on MS-DOS and Windows 1.0 hadn't quite shipped yet. Amiga was the first personal computer with graphics acceleration hardware. It could be genlocked to a video stream, allowing it to overlay television graphics. First personal computer to come with stereo, multi-voice audio. The GUI was years ahead of anyone else's. And so on.The big problem at Commodore was management's commitment to development. The development team worked smart and lean -- there were only two system engineers (George Robbins, Bob Welland) on the Amiga 500, for example, except for a brief month or so when I was helping out, before taking over the Amiga 2000. All by myself... I was 24 years old. We had about 20 people, give or take, working on the operating system.The problem was the custom chips. They kind of locked into the system what could change and what couldn't. They were also the secret to why an Amiga 500, 1000, or 2000 had the graphics speed of a Mac II. But not a full 24-bit color display. It couldn't go beyond NTSC/PAL video resolutions. It needed to evolve, and the chip group was very underfunded for that kind of work.One example: a project called the Advanced Amiga Architecture (AAA) began in 1988. It wasn't until 1993 that the first silicon from that project was available -- I built the development system. The chips weren't done, they were only partially functional. That system had a 32-bit graphics processor, 24-bit color, 64-bit memory -- started out way ahead. But the management didn't take it seriously enough.And by 1991, the successful management team within Engineering, the team that brought out the Amiga 500, Amiga 2000/2500, and Amiga 3000, was replaced by a bunch of idiots. That's where the Amiga 600 came from. The A600 had originally been an in-house project called the A300, designed to deliver an even lower cost alternative to the A500, was jacked up in useless ways to cost more than the A500 but deliver less. They tried kind of the same thing at the higher end, but Commodore's sales companies would have nothing to do with those systems. That team also intentionally delayed the AA project (AGA when the marketing people got hold), the first major improvement in the Amiga custom chips since the beginning (24-bit color, for example).In short, over years of essentially neglecting to supply what Engineering needed to maintain the Amiga's 1985 lead, that lead was lost. Management was also sucking Commodore dry like some kind of twisted vampire. The two big bosses of 1991, Irving Gould and Mehdi Ali, were each paid in excess of US$3 million in salary and bonus, even as they were sabotaging the future of Amiga. Keep in mind that neither IBM nor Apple were paying their top people even US$1 million. Applying an extra US$5-6 million to chip development back then, that alone could have been the difference.Now, this wasn't the only issue in the end. But it was the fundamental one. Professionals were switching to Macs or PCs because they couldn't get the performance they needed out of Amigas. Gamers were switching to consoles or, eventually, PCs -- though most of the PC gaming revolution took place a few years later, when companies like nVidia and ATi started delivering 3D graphics. At the end, in 1993-1994, Commodore also had a 3D graphics project in the early stages, dubbed Hombre (designed by Dr. Ed Hepler). nVidia was only just founded in 1993... they didn't release their first attempt at a 3D processor, the RIVA128, until 1997. Hombre had its own on-chip RISC processor, based on HP's PA-RISC instruction set, with custom 3D instructions added.

I went to a ENT, I am a foreign student, I had some sinus infections, well the guy, ask me why I was there, I have to ask him to look into my mouth and into my ears (What is going on in Med schools in here?) ... and then I have to request, what any ENT in the 3rd world would use (because I am not going to a Primary care) is look into my nose and sinus with a little spray of anesthetic. That was it.But when I received the Insurance and how the guy billed, I couldn't believe my eyes : 300 $ the consult, okSURGERY ONE 250$ and SURGERY TWO 450$ !!!!I was "what surgeries?" , oh yes the little spray with the endoscope that he introduce and when he saw down to my throat, and when he turn the endoscope up to my sinus!!!!Oh yes and he told I had GERD, and he just did not see anything about my allergies, and complications with asthma, and 12 "bronchitis in 12 months" He gave me instructions, just like the ones my mother that is a GASTROENTEROLOGIST had to deliver!My parents are doctors, I was in chemistry, if was not that educated, medicine doctors in here have already kill me (oh yes one of my allergies is to codeine, or anything in the family, and i say it , write it etc, and always there is one sending me something with the component)I am still too nice, but I wonder what happen to people that have no idea, and trust doctors in here? Because with maybe 3 exceptions, even in primary care, if you have a cold, and you forget to mention that your throat hurts, or your ears, they do not check it. They do not even read my chart (because I have a pattern that my colds go with everything! )However, I still I am amazed the TWO Surgeries that were performed, in a 15 minutes window of time!!!I would have preferred to be charge the 1000$ for the consult, because that is what an ENT had to do if i was sent by the primary care and the reason!