Calligraphy Order Form Order # Groom S Last Name: Fill & Download for Free

The Quran, according to Muslim belief, is a book of revelations from God. Today, it exists in the form of a book, but all the 114 chapters of the Quran were not revealed at one time. They were sent bit by bit, according to circumstances, over a period of 23 years. The compilation of writings in a book form was not a conventional norm of that period.The present order of the Quran is not the same as the order of its revelation.In ancient times information used to be preserved in human memory. The oral tradition in those days functioned as libraries do today. This system made it possible for the revelations of the Quran to be preserved in the memory of a large number of devotees. And to this day, and despite printing presses, the institution of memorizing the Quran is still alive all over the Muslim world.But the message of the Quran was not transmitted purely by oral tradition even during the lifetime of the Prophet. Among his companions were a select group of about half a dozen katib-e-wahy — transcribers of the revelations. A few of these scribes were always present and whenever any part of the Quran was revealed, the Prophet would recite it to them. Thereupon, at the exact moment of revelation, they would not only commit it to memory, but would write it down on any available material, such as paper, bones, leather or skin. In former times, when the accepted way of disseminating the subject matter of a book was to memorise it and then recite it, it was quite exceptional that the Quran should have been both memorized and preserved in writing.The second exceptional point concerns the arrangement of the verses and chapters of the Quran. When the Quran was revealed in parts, at different times according to the demand of circumstances, how did it come to be arranged in its present form? We find the answer in books of hadith. It has been proved from authentic traditions that the angel Gabriel, who conveyed the revelations of God to the Prophet, himself arranged these verses. Each year during the month of Ramzan, the angel Gabriel would come to the Prophet and recited before him all the Quranic verses revealed up till that time. And after listening to the angel, the Prophet would repeat the verses in the order in which he had heard them. This dual process has been termed al-Irza, ‘mutual presentation’ in the books of hadith.In the last year of the Prophet’s life, when the revelations were complete, Gabriel came to the Prophet and recited the entire Quran in the existing order twice, and the Prophet also recited to Gabriel the entire Quran twice. This final presentation is called al-Arz al-Akhirah in the hadith. (Fathul Bari, p. 659-663).And in this way the Quran came to be in the form we are familiar with today, preserved in memories of tens of thousands of the Prophet’s companions even during his lifetime.When the Prophet died in 632 AD, at the age of 63, the Quran existed in two forms: in the memory of these companions, who had learned it by rote in what is now its present order; two, in writing — on pieces of paper and other materials, preserved by the companions. What must be noted here is that the order existed in memory, not in writing, though all the parts existed at that time in written form.After the death of the Prophet, Abu Bakr Siddiq was appointed the first Caliph, and it was during his caliphate that the ‘book compilation’ of Quran was carried out. Zaid ibn Thabit, the Prophet’s foremost scribe and an authority on the Quran, was entrusted with this task. His work was more of collection than of compilation — the scattered bits and pieces of the Quran put together, not that they could be bound in one volume, but that they could be used to crosscheck countless memories in oral tradition. Once this correspondence between the oral and written forms had been established beyond any reasonable doubt, Zaid proceeded to put the verses of the Quran down on paper in their correct order. The volume he produced was then handed over to the Caliph, and this remained in the custody of the Prophet’s wife, Hafsa.In his book, “Bible, Quran and Science”, Dr. Maurice Bucaille, a French Scholar says about the process of preservation of the Quran,This process of recitation afforded a considerable advantage as far as an uncorrupted text was concerned, for it provided a system of double-checking at the time the definitive text was written down.The third Caliph, Uthman, arranged for several copies of this text to be sent to all the states and placed in central mosques where the people could prepare further copies. In this way the message of the Quran spread further and further, both through oral tradition and hand-written copies, until the age of the press dawned. Many printing presses were established in the Muslim world, where the beautiful calligraphy of the scriptures was reproduced after its content had been certified by memorizes of the Quran. Once again with the help of memorized versions and written texts, correct, authentic copies were prepared; and with the publication of these copies on a large scale, the Quran spread all over the world. Any copy of the Quran found in any part of the world at any time will be exactly the same as that handed down to the Muslims by the Prophet in his last days, arranged in the form still extant today.

I assume you mean do we still learn Traditional Chinese (TC) characters. In that case the answer is no, Traditional Chinese are not taught in schools.But here’s the thing, people of my generation born in the 90s actually learned TC by watching HK movies with TC subtitles and Japanese anime subtitled by Taiwanese.(a screenshot of Stephen Chow’s film with Traditional Chinese subtitles)(and Pokemon subtitled with Traditional Chinese by Taiwanese)The interesting thing, as I can recall, was that we thought those characters were just different forms of Chinese, without linking them to TC. It was until someday we realized that ‘Oh these are Traditional Chinese characters, but I can read them!’. Despite that, most of us are unable to write Traditional Chinese characters as the stroke orders require repeated practices, unless you have learned Chinese calligraphy which are exclusively written in Traditional Chinese.(a sample of Chinese calligraphy)However, with the decline of HK film industry and mainland Chinese’s taking over the translation of foreign movies, TV series and anime, the younger generation, especially those who were born after the new millennium, are not exposed so much to Traditional Chinese anymore.

There are two main factors at work here.The first is part of the spread of Arabic script and its adoption by some sixty different languages. One of the major adoptions of the Arabic script was its use for Persian and related languages. Sometimes called the Perso-Arabic script, the alphabet was modified to fit the needs of Persian by adding a few new letters, changing the sound values of others, and adapting the use of diacritical marks. Another major change was made to the alphabet as it was adopted by Urdu. Urdu has a much different phonology than does either Arabic or Persian. There are aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there are palatals and dentals, and a distinction needs to be made between vowels held for a shorter vs. a longer period of time. In order to accommodate all these new phonetic values changes were made in the way certain letters are written; some letter forms that are optional alternates in Arabic or Persian are separate sounds in Urdu; and a bunch of new markings were created to differentiate other sounds.The second factor at play is stylistic. In theory any language that uses any variant of Arabic script can use any style. It is similar to a font: any language that uses Latin script can be written with any font choice as long as the letters, diacritical marks and conventions used by the particular language are followed. In practice, however, Urdu readers lean heavily toward favoring an Urdu style of the Nasta’liq script. This script is conventional in Persian for the writing of poetry. In Urdu it is used on signage, in newspapers, in books and in many other applications. By contrast, when writing or setting type for the Arabic language, Nasta’liq is a very rare choice.Finally, Pakistanis still favor the look of handwritten calligraphy, whereas the typographical choices in use in Arabic speaking countries are farther removed from the calligraphic tradition. In Persian, while the calligraphic tradition is highly honored, in the realm of book and newspaper publication, calligraphy is used almost solely for logos, headers, titles and poetry.As a result of these two factors, Arabic, Persian and Urdu can look very different, even though they are actually using variants of the same writing system.Typical Arabic language newspapers (Cairo, Egypt):Typical Urdu Newspaper (Karachi, Pakistan)Typical Persian Newspaper (Tehran, Iran)