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Will the world still be a same place after coronavirus, or it will change?

I hope it changes.The COVID19 pandemic should be treated as a warning.Viruses and infectious diseases have been a part and parcel of human history from its inception. However, this truly might be the biggest, most devastating one in modern history.The Spanish Flu outbreak happened over a century ago. Since then, the world has changed so much that it is unrecognizable.We have made advancements in science and technology by leaps and bounds.The first commercial flight took place in 1914, just a few years before the Spanish Flu and today more than 4 billion people fly every year.Globalization.The advent of the internet.The population today is more than 4x what it was a century back. And everything is so interconnected that the entire world has been brought to halt because of one person eating a bat/pangolin.We truly are living in an era of unprecedented connectivity.The world has shrunk and the chances that another “butterfly effect” might just be the ruin of all of humanity have increased drastically.As such, the Novel Coronavirus is indeed “Novel”. We have not seen the likes of it in a long time, and absolutely not in the current setting. So the year 2020 should ideally work as a warning/template/learning opportunity for all federal governments and the global humanity for years to come.Remove the WHO and replace it with a truly non-partisan global body removed from any political influence — How WHO Became China’s Coronavirus AccompliceScale-up national pandemic response teams to better equip them for the next big disaster, instead of, you know….firing most of them — 'Gross misjudgment': Experts say Trump's decision to disband pandemic team hindered coronavirus responseSubject every industry to the same standards of resilience that the financial sector has been in the aftermath of the 2009 financial crisis. Have them comply to greater regulatory scrutiny — Stress tests should be mandated for corporations based on size to ensure that they have adequate capital to continue operations for at least 12 months in times of duress.Strengthen the legal framework to ensure that companies cannot fire people during such times — Jobs destroyed worldwide as coronavirus sparks recessionAllow federal governments to impose some sort of pandemic emergencies without having to wait for the due democratic process — Why There’s No National LockdownNational governments should plan a proper assessment of the healthcare industry and capacity and put in place contingency plans for rare peaks like this by investing in and building a secondary layer of capacity to be called upon as and when required.Businesses should assess their overall risks by including such ”black swan” events and ensure that they have a sufficiently diversified revenue pool so that they can weather such shocks. Imagine if all firms had some proportion of revenue from online portals right now?Ban high-level government employees from insider trading so that they can focus on their fucking jobs first instead of trying to cut losses — Senators under fire over virus ‘insider trading’Put tighter restrictions against multi-billion dollar stock buybacks by corporations so that they have the money to retain people and not ask for a fucking bailout soon after their buying splurge — Airlines and Boeing want a bailout — but look how much they’ve spent on stock buybacksCompanies need to rethink their remote working policies — saves time for the employees, increases their job satisfaction, requires less infrastructure thus saving on costs, reduces congestion in large cities, and also mitigates the problem of real estate hyperinflationCompanies should also start being more tech-savvy. There is no need for senior management to halfway around the world for a routine board meeting, or for the HR to call potential candidates for a “face to face” interaction just because they feel like it. The workforce is global, and we need to accept that.People need to calm the fuck down and obey their governments even if they don’t agree with them.A systemic focal shift from ruthless, unchecked consumerism to pragmatism and saving for a rainy day.There are more. And more will spring up as this year passes (GOD! Let it pass faster.)

The economic stagnation of the past decade has had serious political consequences, breeding discontent and dysfunction. What are the economic or political changes that the U.S. needs to make to reverse the course of low growth and political unrest?

We in the American Republic find ourselves in this predicament today due to the increasing size and scope of the government into every aspect of our daily lives.Excessive regulation, taxation, government spending, and the overall destruction of American liberty is what led to the lost decade from 2008 to 2018. A whole decade of constantly failing to reach potential economic growth. This was due to a catastrophic recession and the horrible “solutions” that followed. We had a historically anemic recovery and the economy seems to have finally shifted to economic growth from the demand side to the supply side. Supply led growth will dominate the rest of the recovery, however long it may last.What are the economic and political changes we need to make in order to reverse the course of low growth and political unrest?There are several and I will list them in what I think is the order of importance.Economic Policy Changes:Taxation:The whole federal tax code needs to be reformed. I envision a flat personal income tax of 15–17.5% with no deductions that all income earners have to pay. The tax code would probably be under 5 pages and would lead to stronger economic growth, simpler tax filing, and heavily limit rent seeking and tax minimization behavior.This new tax would eliminate all existing federal taxes. The personal income, corporate income, capital gains, payroll, estate, and all other federal taxes.Regulation:The vast majority of federal regulations will be eliminated. Federal regulations are estimated to cost $1.9T per year. There is good evidence that overregulation has been a major cause for suppressed economic growth. We need to identify the problem and attack it. We cannot even estimate how many new businesses and investments never took place due to stifling regulations. The manufacturing, financial services, agricultural, and telecommunications sectors have been hit hard by overbearing regulation.All regulatory functions will be consolidated into a small intergovernmental operation called the Office of Federal Regulation. New regulations will not be allowed with cost-benefit analysis. New regulations will rarely be approved. This office will also work with state and local governments to synchronize regulation and make it easier for people and businesses to expand and move around without facing excessive regulatory hurdles.Government Bureaucracy and Agencies:The federal government of the United States handles several functions and has powers that were not enumerated to it in the U.S. Constitution. Therefore the government needs to be altered in order to comply with the Constitution.Off the top of my head these following agencies will be eliminated: EPA, DEA, ATF, IRS, CMS, SSA, SBA, NEA, Dept. of Education, EEOC, FCC, HHS, HUD, Energy Dept., Commerce Dept., Agriculture Dept., Transportation Dept., and the Labor Dept.Entitlement Reform:The fact is that Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid are entitlement programs and their continued existence is busting the federal budget year after year. The programs are unsustainable and must be reformed in order to safeguard the fiscal position of the American Republic and ensure that the safety net will not have to make drastic and sharp cuts when there are no longer sufficient funds to pay the checks.Social Security needs to transition to a system of privately funded retirement accounts over the next couple of decades. Current fixes will have to include a mixture of age increases, changes in the way the program calculates benefits, and relatively small overall cuts. Sweden, Australia, and Chile provide helpful templates for transitioning from a pay as you go defined benefit old age pension system to a system of defined contribution privately funded retirement accounts. Social Security will swallow the federal budget if the program isn't reformed in the next few years.Medicare needs to be transitioned to a system of private healthcare insurance for seniors. On average, the program doles out far more in benefits than taxpayers pay in. Medicare has fundamentally distorted market signals in the healthcare sector and caused several negative knock on effects. A temporary solution could include Paul Ryan’s premium support idea. The program is unsustainable and must be fundamentally altered in the next few years along with social security. The best option for Medicare is to totally phase it out and eliminate it over the next 15–30 years.Medicaid is free healthcare for the poor. Providing free healthcare for the poor is a laudable idea in theory, but the reality is that the program is unconstitutional and should not be under the purview of the federal government. The federal government spent approximately $350B on Medicaid in 2016, that amounts to almost 9% of the entire federal budget and is responsible for ~60% of the federal budget deficit. Medicaid should be eliminated and states should decide if they want to keep Medicaid or not. Medicaid is a program filled with rampant abuse and many lower middle class recipients. The program is supposed to cater to those who really poor, not lower middle class people. Medicaid is also a major culprit in the opioid epidemic.The 3 entitlement programs combined are running a combined~ $800B deficit. They are entirely responsible for the whole federal budget deficit. The programs are paying out approximately $800B more than they are bringing in from payroll taxes.Healthcare Reform:ObamaCare should be repealed due to the fact that it expanded Medicaid, screwed up market dynamics and risk management processes in the insurance sector, and caused regulatory headaches for millions of people and businesses. Obamacare is a major contributor to the constantly increasing health insurance premiums.The fundamental problem with the healthcare system in the United States is not that it is too free market. The problem is that it is a opaque nominally free market system with a ridiculous level of government intervention. You could call it quasi-socialist.One major problem is that the system is not transparent and nobody know what an actual individual unit of healthcare costs. The third-party payer system eliminated the transparency of a true free market healthcare system. One simple way to fix the system is to eliminate the third-party payer system and allow price transparency which will lead to increased quality, more prudent healthcare use, and lower costs.Another major problem with healthcare in this country is that Americans will never accept healthcare rationing. The reality of life is supply and demand, if everybody has access to something, they will use more of it. Since healthcare isn't rationed by government here, it is rationed by prices.The government must repeal the draconian levels of regulation leveled at drug companies, hospital systems, independent physicians, and other healthcare service providers. This will be a major deregulatory effort that will also include altering occupational licensure laws across the states.Universal healthcare cannot be implemented in this country for several economic, behavioral, and socio-political reasons.Most of the egregious aspects of the healthcare system are likely to disappear if the third-party payer system is eliminated and healthcare entitlements are reformed.Banking and Financial Sector Reform:The financial services industry in the United States is not free market and the main reason for the financial crisis was not “excessive or unregulated” capitalism. The government directly and indirectly controls around 70% of the financial sector.The federal government should repeal the vast majority of non-structural financial regulations including Dodd-Frank, the Community Reinvestment Act, etc. because those regulations haven't actually made the financial system safer in any measurable way.The real results of those regulations were enlarging the big banks and protecting them from competition due to the inability of smaller banks to spend as much on regulatory compliance.The financial system is fundamentally screwed up because these government mechanisms:Federal Deposit InsuranceFannie Mae, Freddie Mac, & Ginnie MaeThe Community Reinvestment ActDodd-FrankThe House & Urban Development Department’s Affordable Housing PoliciesAll the mechanisms listed above should be eliminated and a new banking reform bill should be passed which includes the following features:Require major banking institutions to maintain 20–30% as equity capital buffer to cover losses in case of a crisis.Require banks to band together in a national, state, or regional associations to fund deposit insurance. Deposit insurance should be paid for by depositors, not the taxpayer.The government should have no role in housing finance, “affordable housing”, or student loans. The government shouldn't be able to force banks to make loans as they did starting in the 1970s and most egregiously in the 1990s.Education Reform:Education, knowledge development, and skills training will be the key to maintaining the competitiveness of our nation in the years ahead. Both left, right, center, and libertarian seem to agree on this. The disagreement is on the role of government in education.The federal government should step out of all educational programs, except to provide very limited and targeted funding to research universities who are developing science or technology that will help our military and national competitiveness.K-12 education should be completely eliminated from government purview and should be totally privatized. Those who can afford it will send their kids to the educational institution of their choice and the poor can be subsidized by charities, private scholarship programs, and state and local governments.Higher education should be 100% privatized and be totally removed from government purview. Costs will fall, useless degrees will be eliminated, and the quality of a degree in helping you find gainful employment or start a business will improve.Skills training needs to be a focus and the push to send all kids to college should stop. Some people are not cut out for college for a variety of reasons. There is a major shortage of labor for skilled trades and blue collar supervisory jobs in the country, people need to be trained to fill those positions.With these reforms economic mobility will increase and credential inflation will decrease.Labor Reform:There needs to be reform at the federal, state, and local level to occupational licensure laws. Occupational licensure laws are restricting free competition and are erecting artificial barriers to entry to enter fields such as cosmetics, hair braiding, among others.Unions need to be reined in by passing federal right to work laws.Government Spending:The federal government has been on an unsustainable fiscal path since 9/11. Large increases in federal spending due to 2 major wars, a catastrophic financial crisis and recession, stimulus packages, general increases in social programs by progressive and moderate Republicans, and an aging population that is consuming more resources from entitlement programs has left the country in a poor fiscal situation. The U.S. has transitioned from a relatively fiscally healthy and low debt nation to a country that spends like drunken sailors and holds $21.6T in debt.The government needs to be constrained by a balanced budget amendment which could look like this. “The Federal Government of the United States of America will not spend in excess of the revenue it takes in each year. The only time during which the government will be permitted to run a deficit is during wartime and when conscription must be reinstated due to the manpower needs of the several military services.” This amendment does not allow the federal government to run deficits unless there is a major war in which the draft would need to be reinstated. This may be a good option to stop spending abuse.Current federal spending is around 20.5% of GDP. Federal spending is growing faster than inflation and the GDP growth rate. The golden rule of fiscal policy is that government spending must not grow faster than the private sector growth rate.The goal should be bring federal spending from 20.5% of GDP to 10% of GDP. That could be achieved in less than 10 years with 5% annual spending cuts and a moderate GDP growth rate. The resources that stay in the private sector will be far more productive than in the hands of the government.Government spending growth must stop now.Federal Reserve:The Federal Reserve or Fed for short is largely responsible for the boom and bust cycle of the national economy since 1913. We need to eliminate this unconstitutional, incompetent, and unnecessary institution.The Federal Reserve Act should be repealed and currency operations should handled by the Department of Treasury. The government should not attempt to “plan the economy”. The Treasury should maintain monetary stability by expanding the money supply at a fairly constant rate such as the Taylor Rule and leave the economy to its devices.Immigration:Immigration is a net positive for the economy but we need to modify our immigration system to emphasize attracting highly skilled and/or entrepreneurial immigrants.Family reunification is fine, but that isn't what we need for the economy. The focus should be on these considerations: national security, skills, education, ability to integrate, and entrepreneurship.I have written a more detailed answer about my ideas for a new immigration policy here: Adi Chhabra's answer to What is the ideal immigration system for the USA?Political Changes:Federal Government Reform:The federal government should limit itself to the responsibilities assigned to it in the U.S. Constitution. Those responsibilities include trade, defense, intelligence agency work, diplomacy, maintenance of federal courts, and managing the electoral process.The federal government should undergo an annual constitutional compliance check. Every aspect of the federal government must undergo audit by a team of constitutional experts to determine of the federal government and all its parts are compliant with the constitution. Each state could have 1 Senator and 1 Representative as part of this committee on perhaps a rotating basis. This will reassert the supremacy of the constitution and federalism.The federal government will not be permitted to open any new agencies or expand any old ones due to budget constraints.Public unions should be eliminated because they are operating the government in the interests of their union demands and not the people. Public unions are also bleeding the budget dry with their cushy wages, benefits, pensions, and healthcare plans.Enfranchisement:Giving every non-felon citizen the right to vote was always a terrible idea and the Founders knew it. If given the chance, people tend to vote for more statism and the right to tell their neighbor what to do. The point of a Constitutional Republic is to safeguard the natural rights of the people and ensure that the the private economy is protected from domineering bureaucrats and politicians.In order to safeguard American liberty, we must restrict the franchise. The franchise will not be restricted based on race, biological sex, or ethnicity as in the past. It will be restricted based on specific criteria listed below. In order to vote in federal elections, the following criteria must be met:Pass civics test (i.e. minimum 70% score).Be a net federal taxpayer.Own some amount (perhaps $250–400K) of property (land, securities, home, stake in a private business) that can be adjusted each year for inflation and the standards of living in the country.I would institute these requirements so that only people who actually know anything about the political system and have some financial skin in the game for the larger economy vote for maintaining liberty and not more bread and circuses from the government.Even most eligible voters will find voting in federal elections a hassle due to the requirements and that is exactly the goal.Constitutional Amendment Repeal:The 16th and 17th amendments to the Constitutional should be repealed.The Senate was designed to be a fundamentally different body from the House of Representatives. The House of Representatives would represent the people’s via direct elections on Congressional districts in the legislature. The Senate would be the representative of the State governments in the legislature. By creating direct elections for Senators, a fundamental check on the federal government was forever eliminated and the states become 2nd class citizens. The states need a check on the federal government, so state legislature selected Senators should be reinstated.The government should not have a constitutional right to collect taxes on the productive activity of earning income. There can be a law that says Congress shall collect taxes on income but not a constitutional entitlement.States Rights:The state governments should start embracing true federalism because they are closer to the populations they govern. If Oregon’s people want universal healthcare, let them have it. If Texas wants to be like the wild-wild west, let us be that way.The national parks should be handed over to the state governments, possibly with certain constraints so that greedy politicians don't sell national monuments away for a quick buck to fill their budget deficit.If we embrace most or hopefully all of these political and economic reforms, the American Republic will be freer, safer, and more prosperous. When the state is so minuscule and most citizens are ineligible to vote in federal elections, government will become an almost nonexistent aspect of people’s daily lives. That is just as it should be. Government was a very small part of people’s daily lives in the early United States and the Founders designed the system in that manner on purpose.

Why is Kerala not generating many jobs despite having India's highest literacy rate?

A common standard template reply often heard from everyone is COMMUNISM and its ill effects.Well, this viewpoint originates primarily from two main accountsHardcore Communist ideals and long term communist rule where party rules and make industries flees with their hardcore attitudesAnti-capital mindset of communist leaders and their utmost belief in old world dogmas.While both cases are true around the world and in states like Bengal or Tripura were CPM was in power for long terms, its radically different in a state like Kerala.Kerala Communism was a byproduct of Kerala Renaissance originated within Hindu communities in 1930s and thus the biggest attitude of Communist movement was to achieve egalitarianism, rather anti-rich etc.Kerala communists itself were hardcore believers in capital entrepreneurship. Check out for the biggest entrepreneur in Kerala. Its communist party or its affiliates or associate bodies. The party owns its own apartments, water theme parks, hospitals, banks, micro finance, small scale industries, Supermarkets and what more, even an IT Park… Kerala communism works more like Chinese way (ofcourse less chances of being autocratic in a democratic society).Kerala CPM could never rule beyond a 5 year term in last 40 years. The power alternates between Congress led UDF and CPM led LDF. Infact Kerala was the first place where Alliance system was established as no single party could establish majority vote. This made CPM aware of its limitations and not go too much power arrogant unlike Bengal.Now back to main question.One part of answer is that, Literacy is not a qualification. Its mere ability to read and write own language. Just because people are literate, it doesn’t translate into jobs.95% of Lakshadweep males are literate which doesn’t make Lakshadweep an economic powerhouse. So as Mizoram.Now the reasons why Kerala not able to generate jobs.White collar employmentThe biggest problem in Kerala is not lack of jobs, rather lack of jobs which an average Malayalee wishes for. With a higher graduation rates, the available jobs in the market doesn’t enthrall anyone. Across India, the biggest employment sector is Agriculture. Whereas in Kerala, the percentage of employment in agriculture is 5.9% as of 2014–2015 data.This means, no more locals are ready to be a farmer, which is definitely an employment choice across many parts of India.As per Kerala State planning Board review, the sector that employs highest number of people is Tertiary sector with nearly 50.4%, followed by Manufacturing sector with 20.4%. Rest into unorganized sector, mostly in service related.Kerala tops in unemployment rates2. Under Reporting and Wrong Statistics.One big problem in Kerala is that, a good number of people in unorganized sector are classified as unemployed. For example a private household driver may earn 9000 Rs per month, but in any records, he would be shown as unemployed as its not an employment backed with legal records. Same way, lot of unskilled labour force are employed in various service sector which are never recorded officially. If one checks, in every private buses that ply across Kerala has an unofficial conductor to issue tickets and help passengers in boarding and deboarding. This position is never reported formally and people who work in this position are likely to identify as unemployed in any government records.One key reason for under-reporting is to ensure their registrations in employment exchanges and other government sponsored employment schemes be valid.As most of Malayalees are literate, they knew the consequences of reporting their unorganized sector employment in any government document. So when officials from NSSO or similar sample surveys question on number of employed hours, most of them would say NIL. This is one serious data collection error thats widespread in Kerala.3. Aspirational levelsPerhaps the biggest issue in creating higher unemployment rates is higher aspirational levels. When an absolute majority of Malayalees pass SSLC (10th Grade/Matriculation) and a very high number completes some form of graduation, their aspirational levels are too high.Many wants good jobs with higher salaries with their average degrees. The fact is that, such aspirational values are common around the world and in India. But to an extend majority people get adjusted to whats offered around, rather roam to find something unusual.Just for example, if someone pass a B.Sc Chemistry from an college in a place, say Gujarat, the first thing the person will look is for a job in Gujarat, probably the main cities like Ahmedabad or Surat etc. He/she may be employed as a Chemist or RD support trainee in some local chemical store or plant say for a salary of Rs 8000. Now this job soon will be considered as permanent and regular by the employee. They trend to believe, this is their future and continue to invest their talents into that firm.Same in Kerala works different. A person with a basic BSC chemistry may be employed in some local chemical store, but his intention won’t be remain there. The intention will be remain for some time to show as experience and get to somewhere where he can earn more than this job. For that, he or she may not upgrade the qualification such, rather look out for places where the profile gets more.This is primary reason why migration widely happens in Kerala, because one gets more pay outside India.4. More Pay.Perhaps many commentators in Quora on this topic who are not from Kerala, blindly believes, its solely because of communism, there is no jobs in Kerala. Well, the fact is bit more different.A person with an average skill set will get more pay, if outside than in India. Just for example, look at the post which Abu Dhabi International Airport posted last dayADIA wants trolley boys, which is just an unskilled job which any school drop out can join. There is no technical qualifications involved. Look at the salary offered.Its 1700 AED + OT, in total creating a total salary of AED 2150. If we convert that to Indian Rupees terms, its INR 38,000, a salary with junior IT professional (Technical qualified engineer) earns after slogging similar hours in front of computer in some major metros of India. Its not just salary component. This 38000 Rs is mostly savings, as they get accommodation, food, medical and transport. So it means, an average atleast 25K can be saved, which you won’t get if working in same position back in Indian airport.In Kerala, we have 3 airports and in all airports we need same trolley boys. We are unable to get a Malayalee trolley boy, while Abu Dhabi may get. The reason is simple, Cochin airport or even Delhi Airport definitely cannot pay 38K for a trolley boy. As a result, we have mostly Bengali or North Indians working as trolley boys in Cochin airport.Most of jobs in ME do get a higher value in Indian terms. For example, a light vehicle driver’s average pay scale would be AED 3500. With OT etc, it comes to an average of 4000 AED which translates to 70K INR something which senior managers would earn in India. Salary of a heavy vehicle drivers starts from AED 5000. Even house maids gets around 800 to 1000 AED which are all definitely two times higher than their normal wages back in India.The higher literacy rates helps an average Malayalee to understand more opportunities elsewhere, which a Rajasthani or Bihari may not able to find out. Ofcourse its changing as more and more Malayalees in current generation have moved to more upper scales like semi skilled or skilled category, leaving unskilled sectors more to other states.5. Respect and valueFor some jobs, there are little respect in our country. Say for examples, Nurses. They are often treated like maids or servants by majority hospitals in our country. Its a technical qualified job, yet our pay structures are too worse for such a dignified profession.Many hospitals may pay a lakh for junior doctors, but refuse to pay even 10K for nurses who are the first point of contact for a patient. Nursing is one major profession, which is grossly underpaid in India.There is a famous dialogue in movie Take OffFor Non Malayalees, Actress Parvathi’s dialogues translates as (We are nicknamed as Angels of God, but no one asks whether there is anything to eat at the Angel’s home)Its a very powerful reply which this nurse character says to Indian Ambassador when asked why you guys ready to take up jobs in a war torn nation like Iraq?While a nurse in war torn Iraq or Libya earns INR 50-80k plus, back in much peaceful, booming economy like India pays an average of INR 4000 to 10k. Recently nurses in Kerala launched massive protests to make their salaries uniform to 20K for experienced nurses and 10k for junior nurses. And many managements aren’t ready for that despite of Supreme court’s order and Kerala govt legislation.Kerala Nurses' End Strike; Government To Ensure Rs 20,000 Minimum SalaryAnd nurses, paramedics forms one of the highest migrants from Kerala. Many move to Delhi or Chennai to get slightly better rates, say Rs 10k+ compared to 7000 Rs back at Kerala which isn’t enough to pay the loans. The intention of most nurses from Kerala is to gain an experience letter and migrate to some country where their job has intense respect and high pay.Not just nurses, there are many professions, say Plumber, Welder, telecom technician where back in India, they are treated in servitude levels and consider as low grade jobs,while in many western countries people take an appointment and wait their services.6. Historical migrationOne key fact is that, across India, migration wasn’t something common or even considered. For Hindus, crossing seas means sin and likely to be an outcaste. For common Muslims who don’t have such, still never traveled long enough other than trading community.This is contrary in Kerala. Historically Kerala had deep relationship with people across the seas rather within India. Arabs where one community that has intense relationship with Keralites and frequently Malayalees used to travel to Arabia via large ships even in ancient periods. There were Malayalee Ambassadors from Zamorin and Kolathiri’s kingdoms in Ottoman Capital, Damascus as well as in Lisbon and Venice even in 16th century. This has brought an intense relationship and passion to travel, which were quite low in other parts of the country (barring TN which had similar relationship with ASEAN countries since historical times due to Chola expedition to these places)So naturally when Arabia required massive labour force at time of Oil boom of 70s, the first set of migrants were Malayalees who were very familiar with Arabs.Prior to that, lot of Malayalees have moved to Burma, Penang and Singapore along with their Tamil brethren, mostly from British Malabar, under influence of British interests. So the migration wasn’t something seen offensive or bad, rather positive by majority. Now the emerging trend is to migrate to Australia, Singapore, European countries in a big way.7. Malayalee ParadoxWell, its one area which rarely discussed even by Malayalees, though majority experience this unique factor. Malayalee community are always known for their paradoxes. While critics call as Hypocrisy, I feel its much more deeper traits to have two conflicting attitudes reared at same time.One paradox of Malayalee pysche can be better termed thro’ Malayalee proverb “Ikkare Nikkumbol Akkare Pacha” (Standing this side makes other side a green pasture).While Malayalees always boast and have high opinions about their homeland, they always admire other places when they stay in home place. They even talk how bad its locally and how great it is in other place. And this aspiration pushes them to go to other place. While in other place, they keep on murmur how great Kerala is.This can be seen best in opening scene of popular Malayalam movie- Bangalore Days when an IT Professional like Krishnan PP (played by Nivin) feels great when he hears his first posting will be in Bangalore. But moment he is in Bangalore, he longs for his village and place.The scene where he accepts Bangalore assignment saying Enthu Malayalee Bangalore venda ennu parayunate? (Which Malayalee will say no to Bangalore?)While throughout the movie later, he keeps whining against Bangalore and upholds how great Kerala is. His dialogue Namma Ooru Mysore alla, Namma Ooru Keralam (Our place is not Mysore, our place is Kerala) is a classic example of this paradox attitude.A lot of qualified IT Professionals prefer to work in Bangalore or Hyderabad, even if similar openings are available in Kerala. Infact a good percentage of Kerala IT’s workforce working in 2 major IT parks of the state are non Keralites. While its vice versa in major cities like Bangalore or Hyderabad where Malayalees form a huge chunk.Its a rare occurrence for many to seek transfer or relocation requests to Kerala even though majority loves Kerala and wants to be at home for every Holidays.The same way for majority other professions, Dubai is always the first choice.8. Good Job vs Bad JobThough its very common Indian trait, still its magnified much in state like Kerala. Most of Malayalees has classified certain jobs as Good and certain as bad, no matter what the pay or other benefits.For example, a job as private bank officer or private Insurance manager would be a bad job as there is no job stability due to lack of concept of permanent job and frequent moving to newer companies exist.Whereas job in Government will always considered be as a good Job, irrespective what level the job is.One of my acquaintance has passed M.Sc, then cleared B.Ed. She was trying to get into Government service for a long time by writing PSC exams. During this time, she was working as a teacher in an unaided private school. Yet she kept on writing and finally got a job as Postwoman in TN Circle. She now works as Postwoman in a smaller town of Palani in TN.On any comparison scale, position of a teacher is much better than Postwoman. But for her, the former is a bad job as its not a permanent job while latter is good job as its permanent and her position as central govt employee.This is a very common trend in Kerala.Now there is a choice between Govt job vs Gulf Job, definitely the latter gets priority as the pay will be huge and higher social position. A gulf employed always enjoy a huge social respect regardless of their position.So most of the people will either aim for a Govt job or Gulf job rather working in Indian private sector.9. Indian vs ForeignerOther big difference is that, Malayalee migrants to other countries mostly preserve their identity as Malayalee, Indian. Partly its because most of migration happened to Gulf states where citizenship is out of question. So they all are Indians, with Indian passports and Indian citizenship.Whereas there are many states in India that has more migrants than Kerala. The most famous being Gujarat which has approx 3 Million plus migrants living out of India, while Kerala has only 1.6 to 2 million approx.In any stats, Gujarat, Punjab will have more NRIs than Keralites. But the sheer difference is that, former sect of people have migrated and became citizens of that country where they migrated. Currently they have only PIO/OCI cards that connects to India. They aren’t full fledged Indian citizens.Whereas Malayalees in majority are Indian citizens and uphold Indian passports. Even those Malayalees who migrated to US or EU in majority have retained their Indian passports while their children became citizens of that country due to Jus soli.This means, technically Indian stats will record every Malayalee as Indian citizen who are out of country for jobs (NRIs), while Gujaratis or Punjabis or Tamilans who are out of country as non Indian citizens. This is one factor that makes people think, Malayalees mostly live outside India.Other factorsWhile many says Kerala has no major industries which form the key reason for people to move out may look true prima facia. But not so true on a deep look. Infact i have discussed this earlier in one of my answer earilerArun Mohan (അരുൺ മോഹൻ)'s answer to Why is Kerala not so developed industrially like Tamil Nadu?So not repeating that again.But indeed the fact is Kerala has an extraordinary large Service sector, but service sectors are not mass employers unlike a manufacturing Industry.Say Tata Automobile Plant in Gujarat employed nearly 2,200 employees, while one of Kerala’s largest Bank- The South Indian bank has only 7.600 employees nation wide. So within Kerala, it should be less than 3000.Again note, service sector are mostly institutions which have multiple branches across the country and their jobs are transferable. For example, Kerala’s largest bank Federal Bank has around 11K employees which in majority are Malayalees. But they work across the nation and outside. While in manufacturing sector, they are most likely to be stayed in one place alone. The transfers would be almost nil.I won’t say communism has no role in this situation. Yes definitely it has some role as many investors don’t consider Kerala as first choice primarily due to sterotypes and certain realities. Yet, its not the prime reason as many thinks so. This thinking process comes mostly from Non Malayalees who haven’t seen much of Kerala’s communist model or local situations.

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