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This is all part of the inferiorization process developed by delusional Eurocentrists, the followers of Eurocentrism, the ideological project of white supremacy.To control a people, you must first control what they think about themselves and how they regard their history and culture. And when your conqueror makes you ashamed of your culture and history, he needs no prison walls and no chains to hold you-John Henrik ClarkeAfricans are always portrayed as primitives in the past and as problems in the present—Ivan van SertimaYour question is further proof that much of Africa’s precolonial past has been obscured and suppressed because of the slave trade (Atlantic and Trans-Atlantic) and European colonialism.Here is the truth.African history is suppressed in order to obliterate the legacy of Mauritania and Kmet (ancient Egypt) from the pages of European history.African history is suppressed in order to erase the golden age of medieval Africa and the decades that followed when African Kings and Queens were received in European courts with all the deference due to royalty.African history is suppressed in order to hide that Queen Sheba of Ethiopia, the iconic ruler of Axum, one of the greatest empires of the ancient world, was building temples and monumental pillars when Paris did not exist or that the Garamantes of present day Libya were living in cities when northern Europeans were living in villages.How can the West recognize that the African Moors brought them out of the Dark Ages ?When the Moors Ruled in EuropeMoorish advances in mathematics, astronomy, art, and agriculture helped propel the West out of the Dark Ages and into the Renaissance.….The history of the Moors across ancient and Medieval Europe is part of the history of the black Other. The theatrical Moor of early modern Europe was an actor in blackface. The Moor’s black complexion is permanent and marks all who comes from Africa. The etymology of the word Moor implies clearly that the part of Africa referred to as Mauretania was inhabited by blacks. The inhabitants of that region were so black that they and their country were named after their complexion.Liber VIII - The Etymologies of Isidore of SevilleSaint Isidore of Seville wrote in the 6th: "the Moors have bodies as black as night while the skin of the Gauls is white"In Isidore’s day, Moors were black by definition…” (Staying Roman: Conquest and identity in Africa and the Mediterranean, 439-700. Jonathan Conant, 2012 Cambridge University PressTravels of Sir John MandevilleSir Jean Mandeville, wrote that: "and men of Nubia be Christian, but they be black as the Moors for great heat of the sun"Bridging Cultures Bookshelf: Muslim Journeys'Moors' from Oxford Islamic Studies OnlineABOUT THIS RESOURCEThis article explains the term "Moor" as background to Menocal's Ornament of the World and Maalouf's Leo Africanus. The article by David Assouline is reprinted from The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World in the Oxford Islamic Studies Online.The earliest European account of the Moorish invasion of Spain, the Chronicle of 754, refers to the Visigothic capitulation, the so-called “loss of Spain” (perdida de España) at the hands of the “Arabs and Moors sent by Musa,” or Musa Ibn Nusayr, the Muslim governor of North Africa. In the Estoria de Espanna (History of Spain), the first vernacular chronicle composed in Spain, we find a characteristic portrayal: “All the Moorish soldiers were dressed with silk and black wool that had been forcibly acquired … their black faces were like pitch and the most handsome of them was as black as a cooking pan.Al-Andalus - WikiquoteWho were these conquerors, who had so quickly and so completely overturned the strongest western European monarchy of their day ?It is customary to refer to these stirrings events as 'Arab' or the 'Islamic' invasion and conquest of spain. But only in a very limited sense was it either Arab or Islamic : it was mainly Berber. The Berbers were, as they still are, the indigenous inhabitants of northwest Africa, the Maghrib.Richard A. Fletcher, Moorish Spain, California Press, 1993, p. 19'Moorish' Spain does at least have the merit of reminding us that the bulk of the invaders and settlers were Moors, i.e. Berbers from northwest Africa. Richard A. Fletcher, Moorish Spain, California Press, 1993, p. 10The Andalusians themselves were of varied origins. The numerically tiny Arab elite had intermarried with other people, including local Iberians, ever since they arrived. Berbers were still the most numerous of the conquerors, while the Jewish community was also large and influential. The descendants of African and European slaves were fully integrated; but the most numerous Muslim community stemmed from local Iberians. By the 11th century these had fused together to form a new Andalusian people.David Nicolle & Angus McBride, The Moors: The Islamic West 7th-15th Centuries AD, Osprey, 2001, p. 8Old Paintings Prove Moors were WHITE!!!Americans are either simply stupid or their educational system has miserably failed them.I'm from Germany and all Europeans know that the real Moors were Africans. We have their artifacts, writings, depictions along with culture and engineering; we even celebrate their festivals with afros and black faces. Your version of history is totally bogus, the whole world knows the Moors are Africans not the so-called Berbers who are Arabs of today, everyone knows...but YOU! LOL! Good pun by the way.—-After the Moors were conquered and bleached (by mixing with European women), they became toys for Whites and turned into universal ridicule. Whites flipped the script of history and Moorish legacies were confined to the taboos of European history. This is particulary true in Western countries who had colonies in Africa and participated in and benefitted from the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.Ignoring the etymolgy of the word Moor makes history illiterate.In the etymological dictionary of the French language by” Gilles Ménage (xvii century) More is defined as black or blackish man.About the Moors of Spain we read in the same dictionary, we have called Moors or Moorish Arabs who conquered Spain because they came from Mauritania, that is to say the land of black or blackish men.Dieu, l'homme et la parole, ou La langue primitive / par J. Azaïs, père.... [Précédé d'une Notice biographique / par A. Durand]-------Dieu, l'homme et la parole, ou La langue primitive par J. Azaïs, père (1778-1856)MAURE, nom d'un peuple dont la peau est noire; Moor: the name of a people whose skin is black.morou languedocien, mourou provençal, maurus lalin, mor, moren langue romane, morien vieux français, moro catalan, moro espagnol, mouro portugais, moro italien, maour, mauryan bas-breton, mohr allemand, moor anglais, moor hollandais, mohr danois, mor suédois, mour, maar, brûler, hébreu.The word Moor is an early English term for negro and was used a synonym for negro during the Middle Ages (and even before); the same for its equivalents in other European languages..Biologist John Baker (1974) explains: The association of dark skin with the name of 'Moors' resulted eventually in the same term being applied to Negrids."The Spanish-Portuguese word "negro" for the first time replaced the "noble Moor" in a shipping register in 1606. Twelve years later, in 1618, the word "negro" was used for the second by the Lutheran Gaspar Ens, a Protestant vicar. And so it progressed until the end of the 17th century when "negro" replaced the 400-year-old word "Moor" altogether for dark-skinned AfricansIgnoring the etymology of the word moor makes history illiterate.Origin and meaning of moor by Online Etymology DictionaryMoor (n.)"North African, Berber," late 14c., from http://O.Fr. More, from M.L. Morus, from L. Maurus "inhabitant of Mauritania" (northwest Africa, a region now corresponding to northern Algeria and Morocco), from Gk. Mauros, perhaps a native name, or else cognate with mauros "black".Being a dark people in relation to Europeans, their name in the middle ages was a synonym for negro; …Glossary of Archaic and Provincial Words: A Supplement to the ..., Volume 2 Jonathan Boucher, ‎Joseph Hunter, ‎Joseph Stevenson – 1833 : A Moor that is a black as the negro races were formerly accounted MoorsStrabo: Geography, c. 22 A.D., XVII.iii.1-11And I have heard this man say that beyond the country which he ruled there was no habitation of men, but desert land extending to a great distance, and that beyond that there are men, not black-skinned like the Mauretanii.6th A.D. – Procopius in his History of the Wars book IV contrasting the Germanic Vandals who had settled in North Africa with the Moors claimed the Vandals were not “black skinned like the Maurusioi”How can the West recognize that Africa is the birthplace of European civilization ?Nathaniel Dana Carlile Hodges - Wikipediahttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf...Africa, Its Past and Future Source: Science, Vol. 13, No. 311 (Jan. 18, 1889), pp. 42-50 Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science Stable URL: Africa, Its Past and Future on JSTORAFRICA, ITS PAST AND FUTURE.1AFRICA, the oldest of the continents, containing the earliest remains of man, and the birthplace of European civilization, is the last to be explored. Long before the temples of India or the palaces of Nineveh were built, before the hanging garden of Babylon was planted, the pyramids of Cheops and Cephren had been constructed, the temples of Palmyra and Thebes filled with worshippers.Greece owes its civilization to Egypt: its beautiful orders of architecture came from the land of the Nile. The civilization of Egypt had grown old, and was in its decay, when Rome was born. Think what a vast abyss of time separates us from the days of Romulus and Remus! And yet the pyramids of Egypt were then older by a thousand years than all the centuries that have passed since then.….We know that Africa is capable of the very highest civilization; that it was the birthplace of all civilization. To it we are indebted for the origin of all our arts and sciences, and it possesses to-day the most wonderful works of man. I believe that Africa, whose morning was so bright, and whose night has been so dark, will yet live to see the light of another and a higher civilization.https://cruel.org/econthought/te...https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo..."The Negro Question" by [John Stuart Mill] 1850Fraser's Magazine for Town and CountryIt is curious, withal, that the earliest known civilization was, we have the strongest reason to believe, a negro civilization. The original Egyptians are inferred, from the evidence of their sculptures, to have been a negro race: it was from negroes, therefore, that the Greeks learnt their first lessons in civilization; and to the records and traditions of these negroes did the Greek philosophers to the very end of their career resort (I do not say with much fruit) as a treasury of mysterious wisdom.But I again renounce all advantage from facts: were the whites born ever so superior in intelligence to the blacks, and competent by nature to instruct and advise them, it would not be the less monstrous to assert that they had therefore a right either to subdue them by force, or circumvent them by superior skill; to throw upon them the toils and hardships of life, reserving for themselves, under the misapplied name of work, its agreeable excitements.How can the West recognize that Africa had some of the most prosperous kingdoms of the Middle Ages ?The richest man in world history is the Malian King, Mansa Musa aka the Golden King. His kingdom was richer than medieval Britain.In the realms of gold: exploring Africa’s rich history | The SpectatorThe coming of the Portuguese is sometimes considered the beginning of African history — a story not about Africa itself, but about bemused Europeans exploring and taming a ‘dark’ continent. And if we look at Africa before 1505, we find a world as blank as one of da Gama’s maps. This has led many to believe, as G.W.F. Hegel did in the 1830s, that Africa ‘is no historical part of the world’.In The Golden Rhinoceros, the French historian François-Xavier Fauvelle turns the tables. He places the arrival of the Portuguese at the end of the story, as a rude interruption of what was in fact a golden age of African civilisation.The Golden Rhinoceros is bursting with new worlds from Africa’s medieval past — a time when merchants began connecting a patchwork of ancient kingdoms, stretching from modern-day Morocco to South Africa, into wider networks of power, wealth, religion, goods and ideas. Fauvelle has created a collage of the continent from 34 different sources, each relating to trade and eloquently discussed in brief chapters. They are dots of light which, when combined, illuminate whole swathes of the dark continent, ranging from the coming of Islam in the western Sahara in the 7th century, to the 4,000 gold mines pockmarked across 14th-century Zimbabwe.The Golden Rhinoceros: Histories of the African Middle Ages: François-Xavier Fauvelle, Troy Tice: 9780691181264: Amazon.com: BooksA leading historian reconstructs the forgotten history of medieval AfricaFrom the birth of Islam in the seventh century to the voyages of European exploration in the fifteenth, Africa was at the center of a vibrant exchange of goods and ideas. It was an African golden age in which places like Ghana, Nubia, and Zimbabwe became the crossroads of civilizations, and where African royals, thinkers, and artists played celebrated roles in the globalized world of the Middle Ages. The Golden Rhinoceros brings this unsung era marvelously to life, taking readers from the Sahara and the Nile River Valley to the Ethiopian highlands and southern Africa.Drawing on fragmented written sources as well as his many years of experience as an archaeologist, François-Xavier Fauvelle painstakingly reconstructs an African past that is too often denied its place in history―but no longer. He looks at ruined cities found in the mangrove, exquisite pieces of art, rare artifacts like the golden rhinoceros of Mapungubwe, ancient maps, and accounts left by geographers and travelers―remarkable discoveries that shed critical light on political and architectural achievements, trade, religious beliefs, diplomatic episodes, and individual lives.A book that finally recognizes Africa’s important role in the Middle Ages, The Golden Rhinoceros also provides a window into the historian’s craft. Fauvelle carefully pieces together the written and archaeological evidence to tell an unforgettable story that is at once sensitive to Africa’s rich social diversity and alert to the trajectories that connected Africa with the wider Muslim and Christian worlds.

Glenn Lee's answer to Has the suppression of African history contributed to the idea that Africa was never civilized before colonization?Was there suppression of African history or was there no interest in African history in the West? Does the West care King Leopold is responsible for the death of 10 million Congolese? How can the West glorify a people they brutally subjugated?I respectfully disagree.Your answer is further proof that much of Africa’s precolonial past has been obscured by the slave trade (Atlantic and Trans-Atlantic) and European colonialism.Here is the truth.African history is suppressed in order to obliterate the legacy of Mauritania and Kmet (ancient Egypt) from the pages of European history.African history is suppressed in order to erase the golden age of medieval Africa and the decades that followed when African Kings and Queens were received in European courts with all the deference due to royalty.The bolded sentence should be rephrased as follows :How can the West recognize that the African Moors brought them out of the Dark Ages ?When the Moors Ruled in EuropeMoorish advances in mathematics, astronomy, art, and agriculture helped propel the West out of the Dark Ages and into the Renaissance.The history of the Moors across ancient and Medieval Europe is part of the history of the black Other. The theatrical Moor of early modern Europe was an actor in blackface. The Moor’s black complexion is permanent and marks all who comes from Africa. The etymology of the word Moor implies clearly that the part of Africa referred to as Mauretania was inhabited by blacks. The inhabitants of that region were so black that they and their country were named after their complexion.Liber VIII - The Etymologies of Isidore of SevilleSaint Isidore of Seville wrote in the 6th: "the Moors have bodies as black as night while the skin of the Gauls is white"In Isidore’s day, Moors were black by definition…” (Staying Roman: Conquest and identity in Africa and the Mediterranean, 439-700. Jonathan Conant, 2012 Cambridge University PressTravels of Sir John MandevilleSir Jean Mandeville, wrote that: "and men of Nubia be Christian, but they be black as the Moors for great heat of the sun"Bridging Cultures Bookshelf: Muslim Journeys'Moors' from Oxford Islamic Studies OnlineABOUT THIS RESOURCEThis article explains the term "Moor" as background to Menocal's Ornament of the World and Maalouf's Leo Africanus. The article by David Assouline is reprinted from The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World in the Oxford Islamic Studies Online.The earliest European account of the Moorish invasion of Spain, the Chronicle of 754, refers to the Visigothic capitulation, the so-called “loss of Spain” (perdida de España) at the hands of the “Arabs and Moors sent by Musa,” or Musa Ibn Nusayr, the Muslim governor of North Africa. In the Estoria de Espanna (History of Spain), the first vernacular chronicle composed in Spain, we find a characteristic portrayal: “All the Moorish soldiers were dressed with silk and black wool that had been forcibly acquired … their black faces were like pitch and the most handsome of them was as black as a cooking pan.Al-Andalus - WikiquoteWho were these conquerors, who had so quickly and so completely overturned the strongest western European monarchy of their day ?It is customary to refer to these stirrings events as 'Arab' or the 'Islamic' invasion and conquest of spain. But only in a very limited sense was it either Arab or Islamic : it was mainly Berber. The Berbers were, as they still are, the indigenous inhabitants of northwest Africa, the Maghrib.Richard A. Fletcher, Moorish Spain, California Press, 1993, p. 19'Moorish' Spain does at least have the merit of reminding us that the bulk of the invaders and settlers were Moors, i.e. Berbers from northwest Africa. Richard A. Fletcher, Moorish Spain, California Press, 1993, p. 10The Andalusians themselves were of varied origins. The numerically tiny Arab elite had intermarried with other people, including local Iberians, ever since they arrived. Berbers were still the most numerous of the conquerors, while the Jewish community was also large and influential. The descendants of African and European slaves were fully integrated; but the most numerous Muslim community stemmed from local Iberians. By the 11th century these had fused together to form a new Andalusian people.David Nicolle & Angus McBride, The Moors: The Islamic West 7th-15th Centuries AD, Osprey, 2001, p. 8Old Paintings Prove Moors were WHITE!!!Americans are either simply stupid or their educational system has miserably failed them.I'm from Germany and all Europeans know that the real Moors were Africans. We have their artifacts, writings, depictions along with culture and engineering; we even celebrate their festivals with afros and black faces. Your version of history is totally bogus, the whole world knows the Moors are Africans not the so-called Berbers who are Arabs of today, everyone knows...but YOU! LOL! Good pun by the way.—-After the Moors were conquered and bleached (by mixing with European women), they became toys for Whites and turned into universal ridicule. Whites flipped the script of history and Moorish legacies were confined to the taboos of European history. This is particulary true in Western countries who had colonies in Africa and participated in and benefitted from the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.Ignoring the etymolgy of the word Moor makes history illiterate.In the etymological dictionary of the French language by” Gilles Ménage (xvii century) More is defined as black or blackish man.About the Moors of Spain we read in the same dictionary, we have called Moors or Moorish Arabs who conquered Spain because they came from Mauritania, that is to say the land of black or blackish men.Dieu, l'homme et la parole, ou La langue primitive / par J. Azaïs, père.... [Précédé d'une Notice biographique / par A. Durand]-------Dieu, l'homme et la parole, ou La langue primitive par J. Azaïs, père (1778-1856)MAURE, nom d'un peuple dont la peau est noire; Moor: the name of a people whose skin is black.morou languedocien, mourou provençal, maurus lalin, mor, moren langue romane, morien vieux français, moro catalan, moro espagnol, mouro portugais, moro italien, maour, mauryan bas-breton, mohr allemand, moor anglais, moor hollandais, mohr danois, mor suédois, mour, maar, brûler, hébreu.The word Moor is an early English term for negro and was used a synonym for negro during the Middle Ages (and even before); the same for its equivalents in other European languagesBiologist John Baker (1974) explains: The association of dark skin with the name of 'Moors' resulted eventually in the same term being applied to Negrids."The Spanish-Portuguese word "negro" for the first time replaced the "noble Moor" in a shipping register in 1606. Twelve years later, in 1618, the word "negro" was used for the second by the Lutheran Gaspar Ens, a Protestant vicar. And so it progressed until the end of the 17th century when "negro" replaced the 400-year-old word "Moor" altogether for dark-skinned AfricansIgnoring the etymology of the word moor makes history illiterate.Origin and meaning of moor by Online Etymology DictionaryMoor (n.)"North African, Berber," late 14c., from http://O.Fr. More, from M.L. Morus, from L. Maurus "inhabitant of Mauritania" (northwest Africa, a region now corresponding to northern Algeria and Morocco), from Gk. Mauros, perhaps a native name, or else cognate with mauros "black".Being a dark people in relation to Europeans, their name in the middle ages was a synonym for negro; …Glossary of Archaic and Provincial Words: A Supplement to the ..., Volume 2 Jonathan Boucher, ‎Joseph Hunter, ‎Joseph Stevenson – 1833 : A Moor that is a black as the negro races were formerly accounted MoorsStrabo: Geography, c. 22 A.D., XVII.iii.1-11And I have heard this man say that beyond the country which he ruled there was no habitation of men, but desert land extending to a great distance, and that beyond that there are men, not black-skinned like the Mauretanii.6th A.D. – Procopius in his History of the Wars book IV contrasting the Germanic Vandals who had settled in North Africa with the Moors claimed the Vandals were not “black skinned like the Maurusioi”The bolded sentence should also be rephrased as follows :How can the West recognize that Africa is the birthplace of European civilization ?Nathaniel Dana Carlile Hodges - Wikipediahttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf...Africa, Its Past and Future Source: Science, Vol. 13, No. 311 (Jan. 18, 1889), pp. 42-50 Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science Stable URL: Africa, Its Past and Future on JSTORAFRICA, ITS PAST AND FUTURE.1AFRICA, the oldest of the continents, containing the earliest remains of man, and the birthplace of European civilization, is the last to be explored. Long before the temples of India or the palaces of Nineveh were built, before the hanging garden of Babylon was planted, the pyramids of Cheops and Cephren had been constructed, the temples of Palmyra and Thebes filled with worshippers.Greece owes its civilization to Egypt: its beautiful orders of architecture came from the land of the Nile. The civilization of Egypt had grown old, and was in its decay, when Rome was born. Think what a vast abyss of time separates us from the days of Romulus and Remus! And yet the pyramids of Egypt were then older by a thousand years than all the centuries that have passed since then.….We know that Africa is capable of the very highest civilization; that it was the birthplace of all civilization. To it we are indebted for the origin of all our arts and sciences, and it possesses to-day the most wonderful works of man. I believe that Africa, whose morning was so bright, and whose night has been so dark, will yet live to see the light of another and a higher civilization.https://cruel.org/econthought/te...https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo..."The Negro Question" by [John Stuart Mill] 1850Fraser's Magazine for Town and CountryIt is curious, withal, that the earliest known civilization was, we have the strongest reason to believe, a negro civilization. The original Egyptians are inferred, from the evidence of their sculptures, to have been a negro race: it was from negroes, therefore, that the Greeks learnt their first lessons in civilization; and to the records and traditions of these negroes did the Greek philosophers to the very end of their career resort (I do not say with much fruit) as a treasury of mysterious wisdom.But I again renounce all advantage from facts: were the whites born ever so superior in intelligence to the blacks, and competent by nature to instruct and advise them, it would not be the less monstrous to assert that they had therefore a right either to subdue them by force, or circumvent them by superior skill; to throw upon them the toils and hardships of life, reserving for themselves, under the misapplied name of work, its agreeable excitements.The bolded sentence should also be rephrased as follows :How can the West recognize that Africa had some of the most prosperous kingdoms of the Middle Ages ?The richest man in world history is the Malian King, Mansa Musa aka the Golden King. His kingdom was richer than medieval Britain.In the realms of gold: exploring Africa’s rich history | The SpectatorThe coming of the Portuguese is sometimes considered the beginning of African history — a story not about Africa itself, but about bemused Europeans exploring and taming a ‘dark’ continent. And if we look at Africa before 1505, we find a world as blank as one of da Gama’s maps. This has led many to believe, as G.W.F. Hegel did in the 1830s, that Africa ‘is no historical part of the world’.In The Golden Rhinoceros, the French historian François-Xavier Fauvelle turns the tables. He places the arrival of the Portuguese at the end of the story, as a rude interruption of what was in fact a golden age of African civilisation.The Golden Rhinoceros is bursting with new worlds from Africa’s medieval past — a time when merchants began connecting a patchwork of ancient kingdoms, stretching from modern-day Morocco to South Africa, into wider networks of power, wealth, religion, goods and ideas. Fauvelle has created a collage of the continent from 34 different sources, each relating to trade and eloquently discussed in brief chapters. They are dots of light which, when combined, illuminate whole swathes of the dark continent, ranging from the coming of Islam in the western Sahara in the 7th century, to the 4,000 gold mines pockmarked across 14th-century Zimbabwe.The Golden Rhinoceros: Histories of the African Middle Ages: François-Xavier Fauvelle, Troy Tice: 9780691181264: Amazon.com: BooksA leading historian reconstructs the forgotten history of medieval AfricaFrom the birth of Islam in the seventh century to the voyages of European exploration in the fifteenth, Africa was at the center of a vibrant exchange of goods and ideas. It was an African golden age in which places like Ghana, Nubia, and Zimbabwe became the crossroads of civilizations, and where African royals, thinkers, and artists played celebrated roles in the globalized world of the Middle Ages. The Golden Rhinoceros brings this unsung era marvelously to life, taking readers from the Sahara and the Nile River Valley to the Ethiopian highlands and southern Africa.Drawing on fragmented written sources as well as his many years of experience as an archaeologist, François-Xavier Fauvelle painstakingly reconstructs an African past that is too often denied its place in history―but no longer. He looks at ruined cities found in the mangrove, exquisite pieces of art, rare artifacts like the golden rhinoceros of Mapungubwe, ancient maps, and accounts left by geographers and travelers―remarkable discoveries that shed critical light on political and architectural achievements, trade, religious beliefs, diplomatic episodes, and individual lives.A book that finally recognizes Africa’s important role in the Middle Ages, The Golden Rhinoceros also provides a window into the historian’s craft. Fauvelle carefully pieces together the written and archaeological evidence to tell an unforgettable story that is at once sensitive to Africa’s rich social diversity and alert to the trajectories that connected Africa with the wider Muslim and Christian worlds.