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You are not betting half your stuff when you get married. If you have one million dollars, and you get married and then divorced, you do not have to give your ex-wife half a million dollars. I am honestly quite surprised how few people understand this.You only divide up joint income when you were married, not existing property you had before the marriage.Okay, so with that out of the way:In the United States, the Federal government grants about 1,400 special rights and privileges to married people. The various states can add special rights and privileges of their own; if you count Federal and state rights, married couples receive about 1,700 special legally defined rights and privileges.You mention a couple of those rights that you can get other ways, such as through a PoA.However, of those 1,400 Federal rights and privileges, about 1,100 can not be obtained any other way. Not wills, not contracts, not PoAs, not any other arrangement.A handful of examples:Spousal immunity. Legally married individuals can not be made to testify against each other in court.Protection of joint property from civil forfeiture. If Alice and Bob own property, and someone sues Bob in a civil lawsuit and wins, that person can attach a lien to the property as part of the settlement. However, that lien can not be exercised as long as Alice is still alive. If Bob dies before Alice, the lien is voided.Survivorship benefits for pensions and Social Security.Military benefits.The right to be stationed with an active duty spouse.Tax-free transfer of assets. A married person can transfer assets to a spouse without the spouse incurring income tax liabilities.Joint filing of taxes.Employment assistance benefits for spouses of people leaving military service.Property tax abatement for people who own property and are married to a spouse who qualifies for an abatement, such as a spouse with certain kinds of disabilities.Transfer of Medicaid benefits.Tax waivers for a person employed by his or her spouse.Joint bankruptcy protection.Transfer of certain property easement grants. If your spouse is granted an easement for use of property that does not transfer in sale, your spouse can sell that property to you and the easement persists.Transfer of homestead rights.Federally-protected funeral leave.Transfer of certain kinds of trust funds.Transfer of certain custodial rights.Transfer of educational and housing assistance of a deceased spouse.Transfer of certain union benefits from a deceased spouse.Continued eligibility of employer-sponsored health insurance from a deceased spouse.Automatic transfer of certain kinds of intellectual property rights belonging to a deceased spouse.“Family partnerships,” a special class of business partnership available to married persons allowing disbursement of profits from a business within a family with reduced tax liabilities.The ability to create and manage certain types of family trusts, with certain tax benefits from such trusts.Exemption from estate taxes for property willed to a spouse.Federally guaranteed family leave to care for a sick or injured spouse.The ability to renew a lease signed by a spouse.Transfer of crime victim recovery benefits.Transfer of worker’s compensation benefits.Transfer of IRA accounts.These are just a few examples of benefits that are only available through marriage and in no other way. There are about a thousand more.

In theory, equating virginity with “purity” isn’t in and of itself sexist, just sex-negative. In practice, “modesty” and “chastity” standards are disproportionately enforced upon women, so yes, the symbolism of the white dress is steeped in sexism. Of course, most wedding traditions are artefacts of sexism, relics from a time when marriage represented a transfer of property.

Colonisation is a subset of imperial practice involving the transfer of settler populations to peripheral territories. The activity most colonists were involved in usually was farming; a throwback to the Latin roots of the term—colonus: “farmer”.Colonisation may involve conquest but it necessarily need not, for example, if humanity were to colonise the moon.Historically, colonisation was based on the concept of terra nullius: “nobody’s land”. That was based on western views of property rights, it basically stated that although God had granted humanity the world in common, it was meant to be “subdued”, that is improved on. The act of improvement conferred property rights on the improver. The flipside is that the non-improvement of land is an abdication of property rights.An infringement of private property was a hostile act. If successful, then conquest occurs. Conquest is the subjugation of a people and place by military conquest. An ideal example would be Frederick the Great’s conquest of Silesia.Colonisation is often mistaken for conquest due to the fact that what was assumed by the colonists to be nobody’s land often was somebody’s. The misunderstanding then led to the colonists conquering.Clear enough, Jonathan?