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Well, first of all, remember that there are plenty of species today that are technically capable of forming civilizations in the next few million years.First of all, we have the Cetaceans. Bottlenose dolphins have been documented to have recreational drug use, medicine, complex play behaviour, interspecies relationships, cooperative hunting, and a myriad of other great indications for high intelligence. False killer whales (shown below, right) hunt strategically alongside bottlenose dolphins, and it appears that individuals of both species have their respective “friends”, which they remember and immediately socialize with when pods get together.Beluga whales have an extremely complex language, and most Cetaceans have been shown to recognize themselves in a mirror - indicating that they are self-aware. Then, of course, we have orcas, which pass on specialized hunting techniques through generations (meaning that they have “culture”), regional dialects and accents, and mimic human behaviours such as throwing snowballs.Even larger whales, like humpback whales - previously thought to be rather dull - show signs of very high intelligence. Humpbacks have their “bubble-net” tactic of herding fish, and commonly show signs of interspecies altruism, rescuing seals, dolphins and humans from predators. It should also be noted that cetaceans have an entire part of the brain that we lack, the peripheral paralimbic system; meaning that their emotions are more complex.Then there are our closer cousins, the Primates. The first species most people think of when they hear about primate intelligence is usually either us, or chimpanzees. Chimpanzees, and their closest kin the bonobos, can make and refine tools, learn to use symbols, understand basic syntax and numeracy, decieve other chimps, and can spontaneously plan for future events. They can use and sharpen hunting spears, weave intricate nests with pre-selected material, and might even have some form of religion.Orangutans and Gorillas are also highly intelligent. The former has been seen - in the wild - using soap, cutting wood with saws, and are the only known nonhumans to have “calculated reciprocity”. Gorillas can use fashion branches into clubs, use sticks to gauge the depth of rivers, and use tree stumps as bridges. One captive gorilla, Koko, was taught to speak 2,000 English words in American sign language.Contrary to what some might tell you, not all intelligent animals must eat meat. Elephants are really smart, and eat only plant matter. In the wild, they use sticks for fly swatters, help struggling herd members, and can recognize individuals from other family groups. They are thought to be self-aware, and “mourn” their dead loved ones, often performing ritual burials.Further extending our search to go beyond the mammals, extreme intelligence can be found in birds, too. Firstly, we have Corvids. Corvids represent a family of birds including crows, ravens, magpies and jackdaws, and many signs of intelligence can be found in them. New Caledonian crows have extremely developed tool use, for example, using sticks to make hooks that extract grubs from hollows. Populations on different parts of the island use different styles of hook, each suited to a different style of extracting the grub. In addition to this, we have a plethora of other amazing things, such as using lures to attract fish, episodic memory, and laying grass wreaths on deceased friends in ritual ceremonies.Among the birds, there are also Parrots and their relatives. The famous African grey parrot, Alex, was able to understand the concept of a word (A vocalization that symbolizes an unrelated object, activity etc.), and some other species such as the kea can use tools in the wild.Since all life is descended from a single common ancestor, all life has been evolving for the same amount of time. In that respect, we should extend our search for intelligence beyond the vertebrates, where we will meet the Cephalopods. The most intelligent group here, it would seem, are the octopuses, which show many examples of being as such. They can build shelters from shells and debris, appear to play, and steal bait from lobster traps to use to catch their own crabs. The mimic octopus can adjust its silhouette and colour to resemble flatfish and sea snakes, and Humboldt squid show extraordinary cooperation and communication abilities. Many will be familiar with octopuses’ abilities to navigate mazes and open jars.The animals mentioned above are only a sampling of the world’s most ingenious animals. Along with them, there is high intelligence among meerkats, raccoons, hyenas, rats, and even manta rays.Some of you may be wondering why I haven’t included dogs on this list. Believe me, I considered it quite seriously, but decided to leave them out of the main list, primarily for one reason. You see, domestic dogs seem to only exhibit their high intelligence and problem-solving abilities in the presence and environment of humans. Wild and feral dogs just don’t seem to be very intelligent. In that sense, dogs are only intelligent in a specialized habitat, because human teaching is not a selection factor in their evolution.These, as I said previously, are some of the animals I think could potentially form some kind of civilization within a few million years. All have prehensile appendages except the parrots and humpback (Primates have hands, octopuses have tentacles, crows have feet, elephants have trunks and dolphins have… well, they have… (at least the males do) a prehensile appendage, of “an unusual sort”.)On the subject of intelligence “taking longest to evolve”, remember that evolution has no fixed, universal speed. The rate at which speciation occurs is down to 3 factors: reproductive rate, mixed genes and competition. Bacteria reproduce very quickly, but they don’t mix up their genes very often, since they usually reproduce asexually. Animals don’t do that, but they don’t reproduce as quickly either. Competition is an interesting factor, which essentially means that the lower the resources per organism, the faster evolution occurs. There is very high competition on islands, and I heard recently that a population of iguanas introduced to an island 3 years ago are already a new species.Another thing is that intelligence will only evolve if such a thing is advantageous to an organism. Intelligent animals need a lot of energy to support a complex brain, and it takes longer for their young to be born because of the brain developing in the womb/egg. Then when they are born, there’s usually only one because of all that development time, and it takes a longer time to teach the offspring how to use their brain. Intelligent animals typically spend more of their lives in a learning phase, which means that they have to survive a long while to be successful.Those are a few of the disadvantages of intelligence, but there are certainly advantages. However, they will only be advantageous in the right situation, usually for a creature that can get a lot of energy, afford long pregnancy and low brood size, and survive long enough to finish the learning phase.With that, I conclude my answer. I apologize for its length, but hopefully you found it of interest.TL;DR: There are many very intelligent animals today which could replace humans, but remember that evolution has no fixed speed and that intelligence isn’t always advantageous.

Here’s what I don’t like about the saying, “fake it till you make it”: the word fake.It implies that there’s something not genuine, not real, not tangible about what you’re doing.And I disagree.Because even if you don’t have the credentials or the skills, or comprehensive knowledge on a topic, the “right” education or membership in an exclusive club, or a good reputation, you are making the effort to get there.And that effort is very real.It’s summarized in 3 qualities that you possess:cultivating a growth mindsetbeing confident and believing in yourselfbeing committed to go all in and achieve a level of masteryQuality #1. Growth mindset.Why is your mindset important?Your mindset is the window through which you view the world: it affects your process of learning, influences the way you interact with people, shapes your attitude towards your skills set and what you believe you “must” or “can not” be good at, and ultimately controls the way you view, lead, and experience your entire life.What is a growth mindset?It is the belief that you can develop your qualities through deliberate and continuous efforts, and that you don’t need to go through life thinking you “should” be doing something because you were told to. A growth mindset is the opposite of a fixed mindset, which is the belief that our qualities are set in stone, that we can only have a certain level of intelligence, personality type or skills we acquired earlier in life.How do you develop a growth mindset?Stay curious: learn something new every day, whether it’s about the history of the world, how things work, which foods and activities keep you healthy, which habits can help you become a better person, or which books you can read that will teach you something valuable.Befriend people who also have a growth mindset: they are the ones who have a can-do attitude, who exhibit positive and optimistic behavior, and who are working hard every day on making themselves better people. Conversely, stay away from those who are constantly negative, critical in always pointing out what they or others are lacking, and who spend too much time talking about others and not enough time on themselves.Don’t limit your learning experience: just because it’s not taught in school or at university, doesn’t mean you shouldn’t spend time learning about it. Go to the library and pick up books on a topic that is interesting to you. Take an online class in the evening, or watch free tutorials on YouTube on how to develop a skill you think would be empowering to you.Keep your mind open to possibilities. What if you conquer something important that you thought you’d never consider a year ago? What if, in the process, you open doors that will take your life in a new direction, that will fill you with optimism and energy? You don’t know just how limitless you can be. By developing a growth mindset, you will change your view of yourself and your abilities. It’s the investment of a lifetime!Quality #2. Confidence and believing in yourself.What is the impact of believing in yourself in the long term?It empowers you: when you believe in yourself, you feel limitless in what you can achieve. You don’t put roadblocks in front of you; instead, you keep the road of your life open to possibilities.It puts you in the driver’s seat of your life’s journey: instead of reacting to events and whatever life throws at you, you’ll know you can rely on yourself to pull through and have the strength to move beyond the challenges and grow from the experience.It positively affects the quality of your life: when you believe in yourself, you will work on changing your circumstances for the better, gaining the skills you’ll need for the life that you want, and creating a future that you deserve.It’s about having a winning attitude. Think about your demeanor, the way you act and the energy you emanate. What does it say about you? What does your behavior convey to others? When you are working hard every day to become the best version of yourself, you exude confidence and belief in yourself and your abilities.Quality #3. Commitment to achieving mastery.What is mastery?It is the possession or display of a great skill or technique. It’s also the act of becoming an expert and gaining deep knowledge of something.How do you achieve mastery?Have a goal. You should always have a specific goal that is driving you to succeed. When you do, everything you do in your daily life has a greater sense of purpose.Make it specific. For example, don’t just say that you want to get a job, be fit, have a large salary; instead, say you want to get a job offer for a [insert job title you want] that pays an annual salary of [insert amount you believe is fair given your skills and experience] so that you can develop [insert specific skills you have as well as those you’re working towards].Focus on one goal at a time. Start each day with the question: What is the ONE THING I am committed to completing today? This question forces you to prioritize, helps your brain focus better, and streamlines the work you need to do on that particular day, so that you don't feel overwhelmed with making too many choices and instead you are free to focus on what’s most important to you.Have a strategy. Goals are important, but so is developing your strategy. While you are focusing on what you want to do right now, always keep your eye on at least two steps ahead.Look at all your options. Consider different avenues and approaches you may need to take to get you closer to your goal.Don’t just focus on short-term success. Instead, consider the benefits of your actions in the long run.Don’t just take care of your self right now. Instead, think of who you want to be in 10 years. By being strategic you will empower yourself to achieve long term results that your future self can benefit from.Become an expert of your dream world. In order to be successful at anything, you need to master the essentials, i.e. you need to know the environment that you want to become a part of.Get to know the landscape. There’s a lot of research you can do to make sure that you find out more about your desired environment, whether it’s a close-knit group of successful people or a certain company you want to work for. Research the ecosystem, the major players, the competition, the qualities that are respected the most.Follow what successful people are doing. For example, do you know what makes them different, can you see what they all have in common? By identifying patterns in behaviors of others, it becomes easier to emulate them and develop successful traits in ourselves.Start acquiring the skills you need to succeed. It’s impossible to be successful without a certain skill set, regardless of whether it’s studying for a degree, starting a career as a software developer, or becoming part of a group of athletes training for a marathon.Identify which skills are necessary for you to succeed in doing your job.Work on developing your skills; not one, not two, but all of them.Keep practicing each skill consistently. Make the 10,000 hour rule a guiding point in your life. Doing your deep work is essential in mastering the skills you’ll need.Be proactive. As you’re working towards achieving your goals, there are different ways to respond to your environment and what’s happening around you.Do you often find yourself being in reactive mode when people’s actions affect you, or perhaps you’re worried or preoccupied with what they’re doing?Are you proactive in how you can help others by doing something to help solve a problem they have? The more proactive you are in your efforts, the better you will succeed at what you do.Do you learn from events happening around you? Do you listen first, and act later? Find out what you can do to help. Be humble. Always stay in learning mode.Find out ways to be original. Success isn’t necessarily repeating what other people say or do, even if they’re successful. It’s your unique contribution, your own spin on things, that will make a difference. Ask yourself these questions to gain a better understanding of what can set you apart from others:What makes my work unique?Which problem can I solve that other people might benefit from?Where are areas that may need improvement, and how can I plan to make an effective change that will impact your field of work?Did you find these tips helpful?This answer is just a sample of the material I’m putting together in an online course called “Imagine What's Possible: A Beginner's Guide to the Growth Mindset.” In the course you’ll be able to:Discover how your attitude and mindset are critical to successDifferentiate between a fixed and growth mindset way of thinkingIdentify “fixed mindset” behavior that you can correctApply “growth mindset” behavior through practical tipsPractice what you’ve learned with exercises and templates specially designed for this course.Click here for more details if you’d like to enroll.

AT or Common Admission Test, the most popular national level management entrance exam will be conducted by Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode for admission to 20 IIMs and in more than 1000 B-schools across India. The notification for the same was released on July 26. Around 2.5 lakh MBA aspirants appear for the test every year.Perseverance, strategic planning and execution clubbed with positivity pave the path towards success in the most coveted entrance exam, CAT. Candidates would need to start preparing at least 6-8 months prior to the exam to yield the best results.Thorough knowledge of the CAT 2019 Syllabus along with the concepts should be the primary focus for all the aspiring test takers followed by practice of previous years' question papers and sample papers. Candidates are advised to take as many timed mock tests as possible to enhance their proficiency. Apart from academic preparation, one should be cautious about their health as well. Staying fit and positive is immensely important until the exam day.IIM Kozhikode has formulated the CAT 2019 eligibility criteria. As per the official eligibility criteria of CAT 2019, a candidate should meet the following parameters-Obtain a Bachelor’s degree in any discipline with minimum 50 per cent marks or equivalent CGPA from a recognised university or educational institute.The reserved category candidates, such as Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST) and Persons with Disability (PWD), should secure minimum 45 percentage in Bachelor’s Degree in any discipline from a recognised university or educational institute.The final year students of Bachelor’s degree/equivalent qualification exam and those who have completed degree course and are awaiting results can apply for CAT 2019 as well.Aspirants with any professional degree with requisite percentage of marks will be eligible to appear for the exam.Age Limit: There is no limit pertaining to age for appearing in CAT.