New Jersey Emergency Nurses Association: Fill & Download for Free

Here you go, here’s why I’m excited about Trump:1. Trump is the Opposite of Racist, a Nationalist. Nationalism was conceived as a means of overcoming tribal racism, of uniting diverse peoples with a mutually supportive, overarching national identity. Does dividing us by races, ethnicities, and identities and prevent us from being united as Americans? E Pluribus Unum – from the many, one people.And yes, he has denounced white supremacists: Trump condemns 'racism, bigotry and white supremacy' in speech after mass shootings kill 31 and 'Racism Is Evil': Trump Denounces The KKK, Neo-Nazis And White Supremacists and Frank Macera's answer to Has Trump denounced white supremacy? and President Trump Releases The Platinum Plan for Black Americans: Opportunity, Security, Prosperity, and Fairness)The Chairman of the Proud Boys, Enrique Tarrio, is both black and Hispanic.Trump receiving the Ellis Island Award along with Rosa Parks:Lowest black and Hispanic unemployment in our history.Support for historically black colleges. “Provided long-term funding for historically black colleges and universities in his three years in office, and has helped redirect resources to opportunity zones, or low-income areas where new investments may be eligible for tax breaks.Criminal Justice Reform with the First Step Act has released 1,000’s of non-violent offenders.First Step Act, landmark criminal justice reform legislation enacted by an 87-12 vote in the Senate on December 18 and a 356-36 vote in the House on December 20. President Donald Trump signed the bill into law on December 21.”First Step Act Was This Past Year's Second Example Of Federalism At Its FinestEven Obama adviser Van Jones says Trump doesn't get credit for the good things he has done for the black community.Lowest black and Hispanic unemployment in our history.Support for historically black colleges. “Provided long-term funding for historically black colleges and universities in his three years in office, and has helped redirect resources to opportunity zones, or low-income areas where new investments may be eligible for tax breaks.Criminal Justice Reform with the First Step Act has released 1,000’s of non-violent offenders.First Step Act, landmark criminal justice reform legislation enacted by an 87-12 vote in the Senate on December 18 and a 356-36 vote in the House on December 20. President Donald Trump signed the bill into law on December 21.”First Step Act Was This Past Year's Second Example Of Federalism At Its FinestEven Obama adviser Van Jones says Trump doesn't get credit for the good things he has done for the black community.Van Jones says Trump 'doesn't get credit' for helping black people2. Covid-19:Jan. 31. Trump restricts travel by anyone who had been to China within 2 weeks to returning citizens and authorizes screening and quarantine as needed:“The entry into the United States, as immigrants or nonimmigrants, of all aliens who were physically present within the People’s Republic of China, excluding the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau, during the 14-day period preceding their entry or attempted entry into the United States is hereby suspended and limited subject to section 2 of this proclamation. I have also determined that the United States should take all necessary and appropriate measures to facilitate orderly medical screening and, where appropriate, quarantine of persons allowed to enter the United States who may have been exposed to this virus.”Feb. 1 Biden calls Trump a xenophobe and fear-monger and offers no plan of his own. Apparently, it would have been a lot worse if Biden were president. “We are in the midst of a crisis with the coronavirus. We need to lead the way with science — not Donald Trump’s record of hysteria, xenophobia, and fear-mongering. He is the worst possible person to lead our country through a global health emergency.” – Joe Biden @JoeBiden 4:01 PM · Feb 1, 2020·TweetDeck?Biden was a United States Senator with 47 years in politics and a national platform. What new anti-virus policies is he endorsing? Is criticizing Trump enough to end the virus?De Blasio’s actions in New York were responsible for the majority of the spread in the United States:Feb. 9 De Blasio urged the 500,000 person Chinese New Year celebration to go forward with tourists from all over the country and the world, especially Europe. This resulted in nearly half of all the early cases, and all those tourists going home and initiating the spread in a number of places around the country.New York Chinese New Year Feb. 20203. Apprenticeship training - Apprenticeship.gov4. School Choice. Why shouldn’t hard working poor kids be able to join others of like mind and get a good education? Public school isn’t always the best choice: Ted Kord's answer to Shouldn’t well-behaved students have a right to a peaceful and safe environment in which to learn? Restorative justice in my kids’ schools is making my kids miserable and inhibiting their learning.5. Block education grants allow local districts to spend money the way it makes sense in their district instead of the current “knowledge isn’t important” and “no discipline” philosophy coming out of Washington. Our spending has risen dramatically in the last decades, yet test scores haven’t gone up and teachers complain about their salaries. Shouldn’t we try another way?6. Lowest black and Hispanic unemployment in our history.7. Lower foreign student enrollment to make room for our own children.8. Tax code that stopped subsidizing the rich with $10,000 maximum local tax deduction. I paid more myself, but I think it’s fair. Individual tax receipts were higher in 2018 than 2017. Middle and lower incomes paid less, with childcare credit doubled to $2,000, standard deduction raised to $12,000, and tax brackets lowered, so where did the money come from to pay for these cuts? People with expensive houses paid for it.9. Big companies like Apple and Goldman no longer allowed to transfer income overseas to avoid taxes. This cost Goldman $5 billion in 2018.Goldman Sachs Is Taking a $5 Billion Hit From the Republican Tax Bill10. Equalized corporate taxes between the US and the developed world. Britain is 19%, China 20%, Sweden 21%, and now the US is 21%. How can we keep our jobs if we don’t at least avoid adding higher taxes to the incentives to leave? Apple announced building their first computer plant in America Jan. 1, 2018, the same day Trump allowed them to bring their billions home from China at 15% tax instead of 40%. They had been planning since 2013, and were just waiting for the tax to be lowered. Apple expands in Austin11. Fighting to prevent Chinese technology theft. Tariffs have already caused movement away from China to countries without state-sponsored technology theft. Blocking Huawei will spur more US component manufacture and send other business to Nokia and Ericsson who respect our laws.12. Net neutrality. Remember when charging based on data usage was going to censor the internet? Now everything is running better than ever, as promised.13. Ended Obamacare tax on poor who cannot afford health insurance even with subsidies.14. Drug pricing – Companies like GoodRx have shown us disclosing and comparing pricing caused drug prices to drop so much I’ve been able to drop my drug insurance. The pharmacy benefit manager middle men and drug stores had large markups, and now we’re reaping the benefits of competitive capitalism with lower prices. Epi pens were up to $600 under the previous administration, now the price is down to $110 at CVS and Target. Unlike single payer or insurance, you can get any drug cash pay with no hassles. Adrenaclick Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx15. Competitive, efficient hospital pricing. Actual hospital pricing will be disclosed starting Jan 1, 2020. This will rationalize and lower healthcare cost in the US. All the paid hours that go into our labyrinth of hidden pricing and negotiation, and multitudinous paperwork is expensive, and it prevents people from making informed decisions. Administration is about 1/4 of every healthcare dollar. All that paperwork and process costs a lot, there are separate contracts for every insurance company and fees are individually negotiated for each patient, all hidden and protected from competition. Straight forward healthcare pricing will save a bundle on administrative cost.My recent X-rays were billed at $1736. The insurance discount $1528, insurance payment $168, my payment $42. Obviously, I have to have insurance for the discount. But what if the X-rays were just billed at $210 cash pay? I wouldn’t need $1500/month insurance for ordinary care, I could have low cost catastrophic insurance, and pay cash for everything else. This would save a lot of administrative expense, and the more healthcare delivered per dollar, the more we’ll all have. The only way we can afford to provide healthcare for everyone is get that cost down. Total healthcare spending in 2018 was $3.65 trillion.Hospitals Sued to Keep Prices Secret. They Lost.Trump scores court win on hospital price transparencyU.S. Health Care Costs Skyrocketed to $3.65 Trillion in 2018 - A new analysis from U.S. federal government actuaries, the U.K., Mexico, Spain, and Canada.16. Defeated the ISIS Caliphate in short order by empowering military leaders to “seize the initiative and win,” reducing the need for a White House sign off on every mission. Trump has refused to get involved in any new wars, which is lovely.17. Criminal Justice Reform bill, “First Step Act” eliminated required minimum sentences. “More than 3,000 inmates have been released and another roughly 1,700 people convicted of crack cocaine offenses have seen their sentences reduced thanks to the First Step Act, according to data from the Federal Bureau of Prisons and the U.S. Sentencing Commission.” The First Step Act promised widespread reform. What has the criminal justice overhaul achieved so far?18. Recognized Jerusalem. Israel wasn’t going to give up their ancestral home, so it was a necessary condition for peace in the Middle East. Trump was right, the fears of violence were unfounded, and putting the recognition behind us paved the way for the UAE, Bahrain, and Sudan to recognize Israel for the first recognitions since Jordan in 1994. Egypt was first in the region in 1979.19. Improved the quality of VA care with the Veterans Accountability and Whistleblower Protection Act to allow senior officials in the Department of Veterans Affairs to fire failing employees and established safeguards for whistleblowers.Trump’s VA MISSION Act:• Strengthens VA’s ability to recruit and retain clinicians.• Authorizes “Anywhere to Anywhere” telehealth across state lines.• Empowers Veterans with increased access to community care.20. Did something about the 185,000 pages of conflicting overregulation. It isn’t even possible to meet all the regulations because different regulations call for different things. Here’s How Much Red Tape Trump Has Cut21. Rational EPA regulations. It doesn’t help the environment to let stock ponds turn black and stink and make the cattle drink it. You really do need to treat for invasive weeds and bacteria. I couldn’t treat the water in my tank to drinking water standard so the bacteria broke my skin out every time I ran my pump. Then, to add insult to injury, they said that water’s nasty so you have to spend $10,000 to have it disposed as hazardous material. Drinking water is hazardous to the environment?He plowed his field; now he faces a $2.8 million fine22. Great American Outdoors Act. “The fund must be used for priority deferred maintenance projects in specified systems that are administered by• the National Park Service,• the Forest Service,• the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,• the Bureau of Land Management, and• the Bureau of Indian Education.22. Brought stranded citizens back home:Here Are The 17 Prisoners Trump Has Freed Since He Took Office23. Expensive illegal immigration and the associated crime is being reduced. The cost of additional schools, healthcare, housing, and food benefits is substantial, especially when we’re spending over a $trillion/yr we don’t have. And there’s the gangs with their associated theft, murder, drugs, and sex slaves. Trump’s border wall construction:Trump Wall Construction - Track the Status of Trump's Border Wall!400th mile of border wall celebratedhttps://www.wfmz.com/news/livestream/watch-live-400th-mile-of-border-wall-celebrated/video_3c242b8a-19f7-11eb-91d9-1bdc61296a5c.htmlThen it turns out the major objections to Trump just aren’t true:1. Covid Mismanagement was Trump’s fault?List: 74 actions taken by Trump to fight virus and bolster economy.List: 74 actions taken by Trump to fight virus and bolster economy (List: 74 actions taken by Trump to fight virus and bolster economy)Jan. 31 Trump restricts travel to and from China, and those who had been to China:“The entry into the United States, as immigrants or nonimmigrants, of all aliens who were physically present within the People’s Republic of China, excluding the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau, during the 14-day period preceding their entry or attempted entry into the United States is hereby suspended and limited subject to section 2 of this proclamation. I have also determined that the United States should take all necessary and appropriate measures to facilitate orderly medical screening and, where appropriate, quarantine of persons allowed to enter the United States who may have been exposed to this virus.”https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/proclamation-suspension-entry-immigrants-nonimmigrants-persons-pose-risk-transmitting-2019-novel-coronavirus/Feb. 1 Biden calls Trump a xenophobe and fear-monger and offers no plan of his own. Apparently, it would have been a lot worse if Biden were president. “We are in the midst of a crisis with the coronavirus. We need to lead the way with science — not Donald Trump’s record of hysteria, xenophobia, and fear-mongering. He is the worst possible person to lead our country through a global health emergency.” – Joe Biden @JoeBiden 4:01 PM · Feb 1, 2020·TweetDeckDe Blasio’s actions in New York spread Covid in the United States:Feb. 9 De Blasio urged the 500,000 person Chinese New Year celebration to go forward with tourists from all over the country and the world, especially Europe. This resulted in nearly half of all the early cases, and all those tourists going home and initiating the spread in a number of places around the country.New York Chinese New Year Feb. 2020“NYC health officials were on high alert, on Jan. 23, as deadly Coronavirus spreads around globe. Yet they did not stop Chinese’s New Year parades, Feb. 9, in all 5 boroughs, that typically draw 500,000 people. “https://brooklyneagle.com/articles/2020/01/23/nyc-health-officials-on-high-alert-as-deadly-coronavirus-spreads-around-globe/Feb. 13: "There are ZERO confirmed cases of coronavirus in New York City, and hundreds of Chinese restaurants that need your business!" the New York City mayor's office tweets. "There is nothing to fear. Stop by any Chinatown for lunch or dinner!"Feb. 24 Pelosi does her own spreading: “Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi toured San Francisco's Chinatown Monday to send a message. She said there's no reason tourists or locals should be staying away from the area because of coronavirus concerns.https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/nancy-pelosi-visits-san-franciscos-chinatown/2240247/‘That’s what we’re trying to do today is to say everything is fine here,’ Pelosi said. "Come because precautions have been taken. The city is on top of the situation."March 13, 2020And then, even worse, they refuse to shut the schools until mid-MARCH. 1.2 Million kids spreading the virus and infecting parents and grandparents.“Cuomo, De Blasio Resist Calls to Close New York Schools”“New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said he does not see a need to close schools statewide and would leave such decisions to the localities.His statement comes as New York Mayor Bill de Blasio faces pressure from the leaders of the teacher’s union and the City Council to close schools as cases of the new coronavirus surge.”https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-13/de-blasio-says-nyc-schools-mass-transit-will-stay-openThis took place in 20 places across NYC in February.https://images.rove.me/w_1920,q_85/naujawgeoqdga3iored6/new-york-chinese-new-year.jpgAnd then, after we know that rest homes are vulnerable, Cuomo allows this:“Coronavirus spreads in a New York nursing home forced to take recovering patients” “It’s reckless and careless,” said the granddaughter of a 96-year-old man whose family withdrew him from a Long Island nursing home. “Over 1,700 more coronavirus deaths reported in New York nursing homes”https://nypost.com/2020/05/05/over-1700-more-deaths-reported-in-new-york-nursing-homes/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/coronavirus-spreads-new-york-nursing-home-forced-take-recovering-patients-n1191811“New York refused to send nursing home’s COVID-19 patients to nearly empty USNS Comfort”https://nypost.com/2020/04/24/new-york-nursing-home-denied-requests-to-send-covid-19-patients-to-usns-comfort/“An NYC nursing home forced to take coronavirus patients was also sent a supply of body bags for when they died”https://www.businessinsider.com/nursing-home-given-body-bags-when-they-accepted-coronavirus-patients-2020-4And of course, Nancy Pelosi wants to investigate how the response was handled after she did the same thing as NYC in February.- Ted A. Brewster and Cal Stowe2. Trump was not responsible for “ripping babies from their mother’s arms”, in fact it was a Democrat policy ended by Trump. It was the propaganda coup of the century to turn a noble fight to get illegal children treated the same way as citizens into something evil and hang it on Trump.In September 2018, the Trump Administration proposed regulations that sought to end the practice of forcing children to be “ripped from their mother’s arms” by the Flores Agreement won by liberal lawsuits. Democrats voted it down, saying “ripping children from their mother’s arms” is actually “legal safeguards for children”, in order to keep the practice and blame it on Trump. Trump officially ended the practice with an executive order in June 2018 - https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/20/full-text-trump-executive-order-family-separations-transcript-658639 .Citizen children are always separated from parents in childcare centers, jail not being considered a suitable environment for children, but historically illegals were considered a special case, and children stayed with their parents. There was a problem with unaccompanied minors, and a suit was filed on the behalf of JENNY LISETTE FLORES. Negotiations and court proceedings dragged on for nine years, spanning three presidencies. This resulted in the Flores Settlement in 1997. In short, unaccompanied illegal children were to be detained in the same facilities and subject to the same rules as citizen children.In 2016, liberal activists got the 9th U.S. Circus of Appeals to extend the 1997 Flores Settlement from unaccompanied illegal minors to children detained with their parents. Children were ordered to be separated from the parents detained under immigration law. Trump put the children in childcare centers as the law requires, and Democrats claimed he was “ripping them from their mother’s arms” and “throwing children in cages”. This was widely believed, a testament to the propaganda power of the media. Pelosi, to her credit, backed a bipartisan bill to avoid all this, but the other Democrats would not have it.2016 Ruling, see page 13 I. The Settlement Applies to Accompanied Minors. “We agree with the district court that “[t]he plain language of the Agreement clearly encompasses accompanied minors.”https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2016/07/06/15-56434.pdfFlores Agreement – Janet Reno under Clinton 1997https://cliniclegal.org/sites/default/files/attachments/flores_v._reno_settlement_agreement_1.pdfThe Flores settlement, the court order Trump blames for family separation, explainedU.S. must release child migrants held in family detention, court says - :~:text=S. must release child migrants held in family,the Rio Grande into Texas. %28John MooreCourt: Illegal immigrant parents can be detained, children must be released - :~:text=Court%3A Illegal immigrant parents can be detained, children,on June 25, 2014. %28Associated Press%29 more >3. Tax Cuts for the Rich? No, the new tax code stopped subsidizing the rich with $10,000 maximum local tax deduction. I paid more myself, but I think it’s fair. Let’s and look at the results:a) Individual tax receipts were higher in 2018 than 2017. Middle and lower incomes paid less, with childcare credit doubled to $2,000, standard deduction raised to $12,000, and tax brackets lowered, so where did the money come from to pay for these cuts? People with expensive houses paid for it.b) State and local tax deductions permanently limited to $10,000. Ordinary tax payers have been subsidizing the wealthy for a long time, by letting them deduct their local tax from income for federal tax. This accounted for the majority of the tax increase on the wealthy, and spurred migration out of New York and California. Not to mention the slump in high end real estate prices.“The SALT-tax [cap] was incredibly damaging to the market, and the additional mansion and transfer taxes have also caused people to pause,” said Pam Liebman, president and CEO of the Corcoran Group brokerage.”Manhattan home prices in ‘near free fall’ as median dips below $1M“changes to the tax law that have hit high-tax states hardest and sellers who are still clinging to 2014 prices.”Real estate in the Hamptons had its worst spring quarter in 8 yearsc) On average, the top 6% paid more tax in most states, and the top 9% paid more in California, New York, and New Jersey.d) Maximum deductible mortgage size was lowered from $1 million to $750,000.e) Truly wealthy hedge fund managers like Goldman and international companies like, Apple, Big Pharma, etc. avoid tax by shifting income overseas to low tax countries. Now they have to pay 15% even on overseas income from foreign subsidiaries. This cost Goldman $5 billion in 2018.Tax overhaul costs Goldman Sachs $5 billion

Guide to the Answer:A. History of VaccinationB. Major Arguments Against VaccinationThe history of vaccination is long - very long. I think in order to understand our current resistance to vaccination you need to understand the history a little. Throughout the story you will see a pattern -“We don’t like what we don’t understand, in fact it scares us, and this monster is mysterious at least!”Historians noted that people began observing the protective effect of acquiring some diseases, such as smallpox as early as 430 BC.[1] Records from the 10th century indicate Chinese physicians were inoculating through a process called “variolation” - deliberate infection with disease by blowing scabs up a healthy person’s nose. Variolation worked, too - cutting mortality from around 30% down to 1–2%.[2]Why would it take so many centuries? There were several problems. First, the early inoculation attempts worked — sort of. Often the person would get a lesser form of the disease. Sometimes they wouldn't. Sometimes they’d contract another disease. Because the physicians had no clue about other blood-borne diseases, sterile technique, secondary infections and the like, they often caused unexpected problems that were rather difficult to understand.Above everything else — no one really understood why people got sick in the first place, much less why this method of making a person sick — just less sick — worked. Germ theory of disease was proposed in 1546, and improved in 1762 — but largely ignored in favor the more plausible miasma (bad air) theory, which went back to antiquity (note to scientists — beware of “settled science”!) So the physicians by and large believed that smallpox was caused by “bad air”, and for whatever reason, exposing people to the lesions and giving them the disease this way protected them against the disease contracted through the “bad air” — particularly if a worse case of “bad air” came along.The physicians were pragmatic — they observed it worked, so they wanted to do it, but let’s be real here, the treatment is a bit gross. A lot gross. The physicians were cutting open scabs from the following types of lesions:People were terrified of this disease, and rightfully so. It killed between 30% to 100% of the people who got it, depending on the strain. Many people who survived were scarred for life. They might go blind, or become completely crippled from the disease attacking their bones and joints.Physicians were asking people to let them take fluid or powder from those pustules, and blow it up their nose or inject it right into them. Think about how frightening that must have been! They didn't even want to be near someone with the disease, or near someone who had been near a person with it because they all knew it was contagious. This was a terrible invasion of privacy.So people did what people always do — they invented a million reasons the physician should NOT do this terrifying thing to them.In 1721 a tremendous smallpox epidemic broke out in Boston. The Rev. Cotton Mather initiated a highly controversial inoculation program. Yes, that Cotton Mather, of the Salem Witch Trials — he wasn’t all bad.mezzotint portrait of Cotton Mather (Feb. 12, 1663 - Feb. 13, 1728), American Puritan clergyman.Peter Pelham, artist - http://www.columbia.edu/itc/law/witt/images/lect3/Cotton Mather was inspired by a slave named Onesimus, who told him about his inoculation in Africa, and by a letter published to the Royal Society of London in 1721 by Emanuale Timoni describing the procedure and its efficacy. He was backed by exactly one physician — Zabdiel Boylston. He faced opposition that was religious and scientific.Why do you fight God’s will? (doesn’t this sound familiar)There’s not enough evidence to use that method (not a bad science argument).Cotton Mather and Zabdiel Boylston decided to argue against the religious people with a fairly succinct message — this is no different than any other invasive medical procedure.And the scientific argument? Well — that meant collecting data. So they began inoculating people — not as many as they could have if they had had the support of the town’s physicians as a whole, but they managed to inoculate 287, and only 2% died, compared to nearly 15% of those in the city at large.[3] That largely put the matter to rest in the mind of the scientific community, and the practice was adopted to the great health benefit of the Boston community. (See graph below)The Fight Over Inoculation During the 1721 Boston Smallpox Epidemic - Science in the NewsNow, keep in mind, people still had no idea why this worked. Only that it did.Twenty years later, in 1774, a farmer in England named Benjamin Jetsay contracted cowpox. All the dairy farmers and milkmaids knew if you got cowpox, you could safely nurse people with smallpox and you wouldn't get the disease. Cowpox was much milder than any form of smallpox, so this was very good. Jetsay had heard about inoculating people with smallpox, and even though he wasn't a doctor, he decided to deliberately inoculate his wife and sons with cowpox.[4]It worked.It was another twenty years before Edward Jenner caught wind of this wonderful phenomenon, and decided to stake his career as a physician on it. In 1796, Jenner gave his first trial, inoculating a child with material he gathered from a milkmaid’s pustule. He continued his inoculations, and two years later published “An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolae Vacciniae.”[5] The book was pretty much a hit — people read it — and debated it widely — but it wasn't really accepted by the scientific community immediately. Jenner had to do a lot of work to get this idea accepted. However, he was tireless, and vaccination spread through England, and ultimately to America as well.That’s not to say it didn't have people up in arms!James Gillray's The Cow-Pock—or—the Wonderful Effects of the New Inoculation!, Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-3147As you can see from the image abov,e there were those who thought that cowpox inoculation might turn you into a cow. Does this really seem much different than modern-day fears?All this — and people still thought disease was transmitted by “bad air”. Although several physicians working with microscopes had described microorganisms and implicated them in the bubonic plague (black death), smallpox, measles, rabies, and others, their work by and large just wasn’t accepted by physicians or the public.This work was probably set back in no small part due to the understandable fear of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek[6], “the father of Microbiology”, who developed a unique method of grinding lenses in the 1650s that enabled him to create microscopes of spectacular resolution. Due to a lack of patent law protection, he guarded his secrets and took them to his grave, and similar caliber instruments weren't developed for almost 200 years. This set back microbiology by about the same amount.The Geographer - by Johannes Vermeer - historians believe painting is of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek[7]It wasn’t until 1854 when a physician named John Snow, working to stem a cholera outbreak, realized that the disease must be transmitted by an agent present in water [8]— and that it was coming from feces of infected individuals. He meticulously detailed the contamination of water used for drinking and cooking with waste from infected individuals in a number of cases. Only after removing a single pump he believed infected with cholera did the epidemic in London subside.After another outbreak, he argued strenuously for filtration of water. He was convinced that people’s poop was contaminating water, and in drinking water with poop from sick individuals, everyone was getting sick and dying. Unfortunately for the citizens of London, and the world elsewhere, his ideas were slow to catch on. Why?It was too disgusting to accept.[9]How slow? Well, in 1854 the Italian scientist Filippo Pacini published a full description of the virus[10] that caused cholera, and in subsequent years further described how to properly treat the disease as well as how the disease became so deadly[11]. Somewhat later, and independently of him, scientific literature not being quite so easy to share in the 19th century, Robert Koch published his work describing the same bacterium[12] (1884).Now you would think the matter of cholera settled, right? It is, after all, 2019. We've understood how to combat this disease now for over 150 years.WHO Cholera Kit inforgaphic. [13]From the infographic: “Researchers estimate there are as many as 4 million cases each year and up to 143,000 deaths annually (2017).”OK, but what does this have to do with worldwide anti-vaccination sentiment?A lot, I’m afraid. You see, the persistence of cholera is only one symptom of the anti-vaccination sentiment that’s been around since the beginning of vaccination. The first cholera vaccination was available in the 1880s.[14] People are still afraid to get vaccinated even when they know they run a high risk of contracting and dying from cholera, a disease that has mortality between 10–90%, and can kill within 2 hours[15].2 hours.Did I mention there are vaccines for this? Now you’d think people would be MORE afraid of cholera than of vaccines, but — no. In fact, they’re not even afraid enough of cholera to wash their hands or drink bottled water consistently.[16] People are weird like that.Throughout history, and worldwide, people invoke the same reasons over and over and over for why vaccination is bad, or at least just isn't right for them.[17][18][19] [20][21] [22] [23] [24]Moral/Religious FoundationInvulnerabilityCost/Benefit Ratio isn't worthwhile* (this is complex)Fear of Bad EffectsNone of these are irrational — per se — not even the moral/religious foundation argument.Moral/Religious FoundationThis argument hasn't changed much. There aren’t that many groups [25]that claim a religious exemption to vaccination, and those that do aren’t under significant expansion in numbers. You’ve got the Christian Scientists, and some members of the Dutch Reformed church. For major religions, that’s it.InvulnerabilityCalvin of Calvin and Hobbes - being selective about accepting realityPeople are very good at this — feeling invincible. Invulnerable. That’s why 15% of Americans don’t use seat belts[26] and 43% of drivers admit to texting and driving[27] (seriously, people STOP IT!). When it comes to vaccines, a fair number of people don’t believe they or their child will actually become ill, so they forgo vaccines. This is a major factor in why people routinely travel without proper vaccinations.Cost/Benefit Ratio isn’t worthwhile* (this is complex)Costs of vaccination vary widely. Many people receive free or low-cost vaccination for children — but the money cost isn't the only cost involved. There’s time spent traveling to and from the provider. This may be fairly trivial in much of the Western world, where vaccinations can be received at any grocery store pharmacy as well as community clinic or hospital, but in developing nations it can present a huge roadblock. A parent may not want to deal with a child being feverish or cranky after vaccination after a tough night on a previous course. They may perceive vaccines as not being effective enough to justify the cost or inconvenience (this is especially true with influenza vaccines). A lot goes into the decision to actually get up and go get a vaccination — and people acting in rational self-interest don’t always weigh the factors the way those invested in public health would hope they should.Fear of Bad EffectsBy far and away, the current anti-vaccine sentiment roared to a new momentum with the 1998 study led by Andrew Wakefield that seemed to link autism to the combined measles mumps & rubella (MMR) vaccine.[28]Andrew Wakefield, Certified FraudThat study was a disaster from the moment of publication — and honestly, it wreaked havoc in far more than just vaccine science. In that same paper, now retracted, which cost Wakefield his medical license, [29]Wakefield et al. proposed the now terribly popular “leaky gut” theory that you can find all over the place — that GI disturbances from food cause a “leaky gut” which in turn leads to “bad blood” and every ailment known to mankind. All of it is modern quackery nonsense, and all of it widely embraced by far more than just those afraid of vaccines.The study was a disaster — with a selected sample size of 12, no control, and terrible statistics, The Lancet never should have published it. Publish it they did, and the damage was done. His co-authors ultimately retracted the paper, but Wakefield went on a martyr tour, selling his “leaky gut” hypothesis. After that, as they say, the horse was out of the barn, and hysterics piled on.“Thiomersal!” became the new rallying cry. As with the MMR issue, there was little scientific evidence for that hypothesis, and a lot against it.[30][31]In fact, there is only one serious research group pursuing this theory at this time, and they self-refer to their own studies most of the time, a hallmark of quack science. Moreover, even though the use of the preservative was phased out[32] in most of Europe and the U.S. after 1999, autism rates continue to rise — making the correlation hypothesis very difficult to support.This is the oldest, and most intractable of the problems — yet seemingly the most simple. Unfortunately, it goes hand-in-hand with distrust of authority, so reinforcement by peer networks is playing a large role in the spread of anti-vaccination sentiment.Combating this movement will require a good deal of public health work[33] — but it also is a responsibility of every parent and citizen. Talk to your friends and neighbors. Encourage vaccination with positive, fact-based information. When you see them spreading misinformation, don’t be afraid to point it out — tactfully. (OK, I admit — this can be hard!). Ultimately vaccination protects both individuals and the population.It’s a wonderful time we live in, when so many awful diseases can be prevented. Now, if only we can get everyone to fully appreciate how lucky we are!Now go check to make sure your vaccines are up-to-date.And get your flu shot!Don’t forget — immunizations are for adults, too!Relaxed. Researched. Respectful. - War ElephantFootnotes[1] http://Gross, C. P., & Sepkowitz, K. A. (1998). The myth of the medical breakthrough: smallpox, vaccination, and Jenner reconsidered. International journal of infectious diseases, 3(1), 54-60.[2] Smallpox: Variolation[3] The Fight Over Inoculation During the 1721 Boston Smallpox Epidemic - Science in the News[4] http:// Nicolau Barquet and Pere Domingo. "Smallpox: The Triumph over the Most Terrible of the Ministers of Death". Annals of Internal Medicine. Retrieved 2006-10-26.[5] http://Jenner, E. (1800). An inquiry into the causes and effects of the variolae vaccinae, a disease discovered in some of the western counties of England, particularly Gloucestershire, and known by the name of the cow pox. author.[6] Antonie van Leeuwenhoek | Biography, Discoveries, & Facts[7] The Geographer by Johannes Vermeer: Geography in Fine Art[8] http://Snow, J. (1855). On the mode of communication of cholera. John Churchill.[9] http://Chapelle, Frank (2005) Wellsprings. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-3614-6. p. 82[10] http://Pacini, F. (1854). Osservazioni microscopiche e deduzioni patologiche sul cholera asiatico. tip. di F. Bencini.[11] Who first discovered cholera?[12] http://Koch, R. (1884). An address on cholera and its bacillus. British medical journal, 2(1236), 453.[13] World Health Organization[14] http://Barrett, A. D., & Stanberry, L. R. (2009). Vaccines for biodefense and emerging and neglected diseases. Academic Press.[15] Cholera - Symptoms and causes[16] http://KOZICKI, MARKUS, ROBERT STEFFEN, and MEINRAD SCHÄR. "‘Boil it Cook it, Peel it or Forget it’: Does this Rule Prevent Travellers ‘Diarrhoea?." International journal of epidemiology 14.1 (1985): 169-172.[17] The Four Main Reasons People Don't Vaccinate[18] http://Gordon, D., Waller, J., & Marlow, L. A. (2011). Attitudes to HPV vaccination among mothers in the British Jewish community: reasons for accepting or declining the vaccine. Vaccine, 29(43), 7350-7356.[19] http://Canning, H. S., Phillips, J., & Stephen Allsup, M. D. (2005). Health care worker beliefs about influenza vaccine and reasons for non‐vaccination–a cross‐sectional survey. Journal of clinical nursing, 14(8), 922-925.[20] http://Kee, S. Y., Lee, J. S., Cheong, H. J., Chun, B. C., Song, J. Y., Choi, W. S., ... & Kim, W. J. (2007). Influenza vaccine coverage rates and perceptions on vaccination in South Korea. Journal of Infection, 55(3), 273-281.[21] http://Singleton, J. A., Santibanez, T. A., & Wortley, P. M. (2005). Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination of adults aged≥ 65: racial/ethnic differences. American journal of preventive medicine, 29(5), 412-420.[22] http://Constantine, N. A., & Jerman, P. (2007). Acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccination among Californian parents of daughters: a representative statewide analysis. Journal of Adolescent Health, 40(2), 108-115.[23] http://Darden, P. M., Thompson, D. M., Roberts, J. R., Hale, J. J., Pope, C., Naifeh, M., & Jacobson, R. M. (2013). Reasons for not vaccinating adolescents: National Immunization Survey of Teens, 2008–2010. Pediatrics, peds-2012.[24] http://Francis, M. R., Nohynek, H., Larson, H., Balraj, V., Mohan, V. R., Kang, G., & Nuorti, J. P. (2018). Factors associated with routine childhood vaccine uptake and reasons for non-vaccination in India: 1998–2008. Vaccine, 36(44), 6559-6566.[25] http://Grabenstein, J. D. (2013). What the world's religions teach, applied to vaccines and immune globulins. Vaccine, 31(16), 2011-2023.[26] Policy Impact: Seat Belts[27] Facts & Statistics About Texting & Driving (Updated for 2018)[28] http://Wakefield, A. J., Murch, S. H., Anthony, A., Linnell, J., Casson, D. M., Malik, M., ... & Valentine, A. (1998). RETRACTED: Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children.[29] Doctor behind vaccine-autism link loses license | TIME.com[30] http://Gadad, B. S., Li, W., Yazdani, U., Grady, S., Johnson, T., Hammond, J., ... & Ferrier, C. (2015). Administration of thimerosal-containing vaccines to infant rhesus macaques does not result in autism-like behavior or neuropathology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(40), 12498-12503.[31] http://Uno, Y., Uchiyama, T., Kurosawa, M., Aleksic, B., & Ozaki, N. (2015). Early exposure to the combined measles–mumps–rubella vaccine and thimerosal-containing vaccines and risk of autism spectrum disorder. Vaccine, 33(21), 2511-2516.[32] Thiomersal - Wikipedia[33] The International Roadblocks To Achieving Global Vaccination

Yes. There is a grass-roots organization providing letter templates, telling people which senators to call, and so on.:Vaccinate California SB 277 has a powerful roster of supporters, as of April 8 (I haven't updated the list since then):Vaccinate California (sponsor)American Academy of PediatricsAmerican Lung AssociationBiocomCalifornia Association of Nurse PractitionersCalifornia Chapter of the American College of Emergency PhysiciansCalifornia Children’s Hospital AssociationCalifornia Coverage and Health InitiativesCalifornia Immunization CoalitionCalifornia Medical AssociationCalifornia Optometric AssociationCalifornia School Nurses OrganizationCalifornia State Parent-Teacher AssociationChildren NowChildren’s Defense Fund CaliforniaChildren’s Specialty Care CoalitionCounty of Los AngelesCounty of Santa CruzHealth Officers Association of CaliforniaInsurance Commissioner Dave JonesKaiser PermanenteMarch of Dimes California ChapterProvidence Health and Services Southern CaliforniaSan Francisco Unified School DistrictSecular Coalition for CaliforniaSilicon Valley Leadership GroupSolano Beach School DistrictThe Children’s PartnershipHundreds of individualsBy contrast, here are the organizations (with my commentary) opposing SB277.[Health Committee Analysis] Association of American Physicians and Surgeons (AAPS)"The Association of American Physicians and Surgeons Inc. state that the need for informed consent is a firmly established principal of medical ethics and human rights and that the state has no right to force medical interventions on people without their consent"About AAPShttp://www.aapsonline.org/Rational Wiki:Association of American Physicians and SurgeonsThe Association of American Physicians and Surgeons is a small group of physicians who advocate for far-right conservative values in the practice of medicine. While purporting to have high regard for the Hippocratic Oath, "the sanctity of the patient-physician relationship, and the "practice of private medicine"[1], it appears to treat these concepts as terms of art. Despite also calling itself "non-partisan", its main focus appears to be opposing abortion, vaccination, universal health care coverage and Obamacare in particular, and birth control.---------------------[Health Committee Analysis] California Chiropractic Association"The California Chiropractic Association mentions that the Mayo Clinic warns against undermining the principle of informed consent in favor of universal vaccination and further states we ought not let a handful of measles cases at Disneyland turn into a full-scale assault on civil and human rights in America. "About CCAhttps://www.calchiro.org/Oppose SB 277 - Elimination of Vaccination Personal Belief Exemption"Stay with the framing of the issue provided. It’s about choice/informed consent. We are NOT anti-vaccine we are pro-informed consent and choice. Make the case that the data (provided in our talking points) demonstrates there are risks to taking the vaccine so there should be choice. "-------------------------[Health Committee Analysis] California Naturopathic Doctors Association (unless amended)"California Naturopathic Doctors Association (CNDA) states that it supports immunization for the prevention of disease and the public health objective of achieving high rates of immunity to infectious disease. CNDA states that as licensed primary care doctors who can diagnose medical conditions such as anaphylaxis and immunodeficiency, reasons outlined in the CDC’s list of contraindications to common pediatric vaccinations, naturopathic doctors must also be able to sign medical waivers for vaccination, when such medical conditions exist. CNDA opposes this bill unless it is amended to include NDs as providers who can sign medical waivers for vaccination."About CNDAhttp://www.calnd.org/[nothing on the website about SB277. Marty Block toured Bastyr University California in October 2014., and is the author of an expansion of practice bill for naturopaths.During the tours, students spoke about their education and their chosen profession. Says Adam Silberman, a third-year naturopathic medical student, “Being able to walk Senator Block and his staffer Roberto Alcantar through our clinic – explaining to them our philosophy of care and strong clinical training – brought me a strong sense of pride and excitement. How we are learning to work with patients will transform health care in California, and I think Senator Block and Congressman Hunter both saw that first-hand during their visits.”Lawmakers Tour Bastyr University CaliforniaMarty Block is the only sponsor for SB538, a bill that would greatly increase naturopaths' scope of practice.Bill StatusCuriously, there's nothing about the bill on his website.Senator Marty Block Legislative Update--------[Health Committee Analysis] California Nurses for Ethical StandardsAbout CNESBig issue is opposition to abortion and sex ed in schools.http://ethicalnurses.org/http://ethicalnurses.org/?p=2703SB277 seeks to remove the Personal Belief Exemption and mandate full vaccination of any pupil, from daycare through secondary school, public and private, in order to attend. Additionally, SB277 does not limit the ever-expanding vaccine schedule or the requirement of additional vaccines to attend school; in 2012 there were nearly 300 new vaccines in the pipeline. CNES strongly asserts principals of informed consent, personal belief, medical, religious, and philosophic exemptions, in accordance with the AMA and in the interest of maintaining ethical integrity in our public health laws. California Nurses For Ethical Standards oppose SB277.“If there is a risk then there should be a choice”[from hearing ] 1:30:03 California Nurses for Ethical Standards--------[Health Committee Analysis] California ProLife CouncilAbout California ProLife CouncilAction Alert!SB 277 – Mandated Childhood Vaccines Intrude on Parental Rights (Pan) – OPPOSEThis bill strives to eliminate the personal belief exemption option from the school immunization law forcing parents to vaccinate their children from all diseases deemed necessary by the Department of Public Health (DPH). Some immunizations use tissue from aborted babies.------------[Health Committee Analysis] California Right to Life Committee, Inc.http://www.calright2life.org/[nothing on webpage, most likely similar to California ProLife Council.]------------[Health Committee Analysis] Canary Party"The Canary Party maintains that the United States Justice System deems each and every vaccine on the market as “unavoidably unsafe”, which means that even when used as directed, someone will be harmed, or may even die from the vaccine. "About the Canary Party"The Canary Party is a tiny organization focused on promoting the idea that vaccines cause autism. They have branched out some with GMOs and “health freedom”, but their core seems to be the failed idea that vaccines cause autism. "More Canary Party financial documentsJennifer Larson, who is with the tiny “Canary Party”. Tax documents indicate that Ms. Larson is a large financial backer of the Canary Party. Searching for what donations Ms. Larson has made (using OpenSecrets.org, the Center for Responsive Politics) I found a total of $40,000 donations to Congressman Issa, his PAC and the Republican National Committee though Ms. Larson and her company Vibrant TechnologiesOne year and $40,000 later and another hearinghttp://www.canaryparty.org/[almost defunct organization; has been replaced by Barry Segal's Focus for Health, it appears. ]You Simply Have To Be Pro-Health - Focus for Health[from hearing ] 1:21:03 Canary Party------------[Health Committee Analysis] Capitol Resource Institute"The Capitol Resource Institute notes that following the passage of AB 2109 the personal belief exemption rate fell from 3.1 percent in 2013 to 2.5 percent in 2014 after only a partial implementation of the law, and that this bill is far reaching and unnecessary. "About the Capitol Resource Institutehttp://capitolresource.org/about-us/"CRI’s mission is to educate and strengthen families and we do that by working to influence public policy. It’s imperative that citizens join with us in staying up to speed on current legislation affecting family values! As your watchdog for family values here in Sacramento, CRI is committed to keeping you informed about important legislation. So, stay tuned!"Against LGBT issues being taught in school, against same-sex marriage, extremely Christian oriented.------------[Health Committee Analysis] Educate. Advocate."Educate. Advocate. writes that every medical intervention has both benefits and risks and that parents, not the State of California, have the right to decide which medical interventions their children receive"About Educate.Advocate."To assist and provide support to anyone with or connected to someone with special needs and/or disabilities at any age in the area surrounding mainly San Bernardino and Riverside county in California."Board members:Kristie Reneé Sepulveda-Burchit, Amy Carrillo, Marilyn Interian, Jerri Carpinteyro[many members believe their children are vaccine injured][from hearing ] 2:12:24 Educate Advocate------------[Health Committee Analysis] Families for Early Autism Treatment [FEAT]" Families for Early Autism Treatment contend that this bill is contrary to the rights protected by the State and Federal Constitutions as it denies rights to privacy, education, free assembly, religious expression, consensual use of one’s physical body and liberty. "About FEAT"FEAT is a non-profit, volunteer-driven organization of parents, family members, and treatment professionals dedicated to providing best outcome Education, Advocacy and Support for the Northern California Autism Community."[many members believe that vaccines caused their children's autism]------------[Health Committee Analysis] Homeschool Association of California"The Homeschool Association of California states this bill will negatively impact the freedom to homeschool and would make it impossible for many families to choose to homeschool legally. They argue that almost all homeschooling families use a legal option that involves attendance at some form of public or private school, either operated by a third party or operated by parents who file a private school affidavit, yet current law requires children admitted to private schools be fully vaccinated in accordance with existing law."AboutHSC[nothing on the website.][from hearing ] 1:25:40 Home School Association of California------------[Health Committee Analysis] National Vaccine Information Center"The National Vaccine Information Center argues that it’s particularly disturbing that physicians in the American Medical Association Code of Ethics affirm philosophical and religious exemptions for themselves yet want to remove this right for California parents."About NVICDespite its name, it is not a government body. It is a nonprofit whose mission is to create fear and doubt about the safety and efficacy of vaccines. The best introduction:NVIC? Know the Omissions------------[Health Committee Analysis] Pacific Justice Institute Center for Public Policy"The Pacific Justice Institute argues that statewide vaccination rates exceed the threshold for herd immunity and, to the extent that a few communities have fallen below vaccination levels needed for herd immunity, the Legislature could consider approaches that allow greater local decision-making and accountability rather than imposing across-the-board statewide mandates."About -- from Wikipedia.PJI provides pro bono representation in matters involving the exercise of religion and other civil liberties. It has supported the recitation of "under God" as part of the Pledge of Allegiance in public schools, homeschooling, and the enforcement of the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act.In 2014, the Southern Poverty Law Center designated the Pacific Justice Institute as an anti-LGBT hate group.------------[Health Committee Analysis] ParentalRights.orgAbout"ParentalRights.Org's mission is to protect children by empowering parents through adoption of the Parental Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and by preventing U.S. ratification of UN Conventions that threaten parental right:" It is primarily organized in opposition to the UN Convention On The Rights Of The Child, which has long been a dog-whistle element in the far right.------------[Health Committee Analysis] SafeMindsAboutSafeMinds is an acronym for Sensible Action For Ending Mercury Induced Neurological Disorders. It is a parent-advocacy group that originally advanced the belief that thimerosal in vaccines cause autism; it has since morphed into a general-purpose anti-vaccine, autism-hating organization. It used to have rather a lot of clout; the failure of the mercury-causing-autism hypothesis in the Omnibus Autism Hearing (OAR) seems to have made the organization much less relevant.SAFEMINDS board:Sallie Bernard (New Jersey)Lyn Redwood, RN, MSN (Georgia)Heidi Roger (New Jersey/New York)Laura Bono (North Carolina)Maria Dwyer (New York)Albert EnayatiStephen D. KetteScott LasterJackie Lombardo (Virginia)Cynthia Nevison (Colorado)Katie Weisman (New York)Katie Wright (Connecticut)------------Hundreds of individuals------[from hearing ] 1:16:25 Ruth Westerich (sp) claiming to speaking for a San Diego "group of over 500,000 healthcare practitioners"-------[from hearing ] 1:17:59 Wendy Silver; Million Mamas MovementPrimarily a peace movement but also no vaccines, evidently.Become a Million Mama - Million Mamas Movement-------[from hearing ] 1:18:35 Slow and No Vax Moms"extensive yahoo group in your area for parents. It's called slow and no vax moms. Look it up, and they should be able to help you."Yahoo! Groups"This group does not advocate any vaccine over another as they all have adverse effects. All discussion is from a "con" stance for each and every vaccine. This is not a place for debate of the vaccine issues. Discussing the "pro" viewpoint of any vaccine is not a part of this forum in any way."---------[from hearing ] 1:18:55 Campaign for Liberty, asks Senator Allen for a dateRon Paul's groupCampaign for Liberty - Reclaim the Republic. Restore the Constitution.---------[from hearing ]1:21:56 Laura Hayes; Mind Institute, FEAT, California Coalition for Health Choice, Canary PartyHayes of the founding families of MIND Institute; still fixated on vaccines cause autism. She's been published at the anti-vaccine, autism-hating blog Age of Autism.David Gorski, writing as Orac, has addressed her issues:No, no, no! Fifteen times, no!Tactics and tropes of the antivaccine movement (2014 edition)The annals of “I’m not antivaccine,” part 14: Vaccine “Trafficking” and beyond-----------[from hearing ]1:27:51 Our Kids, Our Choice(seems to be a subgroup of the other antis, focusing on producing Youtube Videos)-------[from hearing ] 1:30:30 Congressional Prayer Conference of Washington DC, spoke about the letter they sent to Senator Pan the day before and is very aggressive in tone. Laughter from oppo when he finishes------[from hearing ] 1:40:35 Dr. Bob Sears[anti-vaccine pediatrician]-------[from hearing ] 1:48:20 Environmental Voiceshttp://environmentalvoices.org/index.htmlRocklin-based anti-GMO, anti-toxins organization.--------[from hearing ] 2:00:03 National Autism Association of CAHelp and Hope for Families Affected by Autism[believes that vaccines cause some or most cases of autism. National organization with state chapters -- several in California]-----[from hearing] Dana Gorman, Thriiive.com and #b1less