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I will be intentionally vague but try and convey key solutions to big problems in the real estate market. This will not be a comprehensive list of all the solutions that can be created by this network.Pre Req Knowledge -Efficient market theory - says information about an asset should be equally available to all market participants.Mortgage valuation - most significant variable in determining value is Prepayment.Crowdsourcing conceptsHow all the parties fit together in the real estate market.One...Must create a permanent national network of Property Profiles so each home has a single location for all information regarding insurance, taxes, bills, valuations, and all "the internet of things" that will come online over the next few years (a/c, security systems, etc).The property owner controls the home's network and is the only one that can grant access. All family members have a profile and can use the home's network to connect to the internet and other things on the network. Parents can control what their kids profiles can access such as bad websites or control of the oven.When a transaction is desired all parties must connect with the home's closing table and contribute their piece to the transaction (contract, insurance, loan docs, money). The network needs to have a currency like facebook credits so that the buyer and new lender can put money on the table. After the transaction the credits are moved to the appropriate parties. Control of the Home's profile is taken away from seller and the new owner assumes control, creating a living chain of title.Real estate is the single largest market for fraud and money laundering. Conducting a transaction in this way creates a People, Documents, and Money trail. This also improves information flow through in the market since all information regarding a home & transaction is in one place and should have an improvement in market efficiency.Two...Team up with the mortgage servicers to contact each homeowner and offer a financial review of their home for free, kind of like a financial Car Fox for their home. In the process of providing the service, data is collected that can be used to improve Prepayment assumptions on a loan level. Prepayment assumptions are the most significant variable in determining the value of mortgages and MSRs. This could result in write ups on bank and mortgage servicer balance sheets and reverse some of the write downs from a few years ago.Three...With each home having a profile, we can apply one of the 3 methods of appraisal, the income approach. Local brokers can claim a property, agreeing to manage it as a rental property. Local and institutional investors can place bids in the form of a desired return and indicate the dollar amount & locations they are interested in investing. It could take multi investors to get to a realistic amount of cash. Use my software to calculate an offer price derived from the investor crowd. This will create a standing bid for all properties should a home need to be liquidated to the investor market and significantly reduce Liquidity Risk in the market.Disrupted?I hope this made some since and was easy to "get it". Many people are working on pieces of this puzzle but no one is currently perusing a comprehensive approach.I have a few other methods of reducing risks home owners and investors are exposed to by participating in the real estate market.All these things need to be done, this is not a market that can be improved by focusing on one little piece. It will be a fun decade for real estate.

You should seriously consider creating an LLC even if you have one property. Whether you have one or more, the benefits are basically the same. The following info is from an article we wrote recently:There are several benefits to creating an LLC for your rental properties, including the separation of assets and limiting your personal liability.In this article we detail everything that landlords need to know about creating an LLC for their rental properties.What is an LLC?An LLC, or Limited Liability Company, is a corporate business structure whereby one or more people who are "members" in the LLC are its owners.You can create a Single Member LLC if you are the sole owner, or you can partner up with others to create an LLC for your business venture.LLCs are regulated at the state level and are typically set up for the purpose of owning business assets due to the benefits that come with doing so.Can Landlords Create LLCs for Rental Properties?Yes, landlords can create LLCs for the sole purpose of owning rental properties.While anyone can do so on their own and reap the same benefits, LLCs are a great way to own property with partners.Creating an LLC with partners is one of the best ways to clearly establish and divide ownership. The required creation of an LLC operating agreement helps to further spell out the rights and responsibilities of the LLC's partners.The Benefits of Creating an LLC for Rental PropertiesIf you are relatively new to real estate investing, you may have heard from more experienced investors that you should create an LLC for your rental prpoerties.That is because there are several significant benefits for landlords that do so:LLCs Limit Your Personal LiabilityThis is one of the business world's top best-practice fundamental concepts - separate your assets into different legal entities to limit liability from one spilling over to others.By creating an LLC to own your rental properties, you are separating them from your personal assets. This means that if anyone makes a claim against your property they would have to make a claim against the LLC and not you personally.Since the LLC only owns rental properties, your personal assets would be protected from liability and your exposure would be limited only to the assets owned by the LLC in question.Clear Separation of AssetsAn LLC allows you to keep your personal finances separate from your business ones so that you can keep better track. This also makes it much easier to claim business expenses, especially when you create separate bank accounts for your LLCs.In addition, you can create a separate LLC for each of your rental properties. Doing so does have some considerations such as added cost and additional administrative work, but the benefit here is that you can maximize the isolation of your rentals.Aside from protecting your personal assets, creating a separate LLC for each property limits the liability that one property can spill over to the others.Pass Through Taxation of IncomeAn LLC is a type of corporation. With some types of corporations there is a concept called "double taxation", which means that the corporation pays income taxes at the corporate level, and then the individual shareholders pay personal income taxes on any profits distributed to them.An LLC allows its members to pass the corporate income down to its members before it gets taxed, thus avoiding the corporate tax and therefore double taxation.The income generated by the LLC can be proportionally added to the personal income of its members, lowering what you would otherwise effectively pay in taxes.Should LLCs be Created Before or After Purchasing Property?While you can create an LLC after purchasing a property and transfer the property to the LLC, there are clear benefits to establishing the LLC prior to purchasing the property.By purchasing the property in the LLCs name, the property title will belong to the LLC, which will be named as the owner in the property deed, and you would avoid having to do a title transfer to the LLC.When transferring title, you will need to notify your tenants and more importantly your mortgage holder, which may result in them needing to issue you a new loan.In addition, you may be exposing yourself to title transfer taxes and fees in your state.But even if you purchased a property in your name initially, transferring it to an LLC will give you all of the benefits of doing so, despite these considerations.If you need to transfer title to an LLC you can do so with a Quit Claim Deed.How to Transfer Your Property to an LLCIf you purchased a property without an LLC, the property's title, or ownership rights, is in your name. As part of the property's title, the property deed, which is the legal document that defines the ownership of the property, lists you personally as the owner.Having your name in the deed is what makes you personally liable for claims against the property, and replacing your name with the LLC in the property deed is how this liability is transferred to the LLC and protects you personally.In order to transfer the property to an LLC you must file a Quit Claim Deed, listing yourself as the "Grantor" and the LLC as the "Grantee". The process of doing so varies by state but typically involves filling out the deed, having it notarized and filed with the county in which the property is located.Landlords that use Zuby's legal documents feature have the ability to easily create their own Quit Claim Deeds.However, we recommend carefully understanding your state's laws or consulting with a lawyer to determine if you would have to pay a title transfer tax as part of filing the Quit Claim Deed.Contact Your Lender if You Want to Transfer Title to LLCIf you have a mortgage on the property, we also recommend consulting with your lender prior to transferring the title to an LLC. The name on the mortgage needs to match the name on the deed, so you will need to coordinate with your lender.Depending on the property, lender, and local regulations, some mortgage lenders require landlords to establish LLCs for their rental properties prior to receiving funding.Does it Cost Money to Create an LLC?Yes, depending on the state you are in, you will have to pay various fees for creating an LLC. How much exactly and the recurrence will depend on your state, so we recommend investigating this prior to creating the LLC.The potential costs of creating an LLC may include:• Registration fee - varies between $50-$700• Creating an operation agreement - could be free if done yourself, or you can pay someone to create it for you• Title transfer tax - pay close attention to this one, as you might need to pay the title transfer tax for the appreciation in the value of your property as well• Quit Claim Deed filing fee - if applicableDepending on your state, you might also have to pay recurring annual fees such as franchise taxes, registration fees, or annual report filing fees.Naming an LLC for a Rental PropertyYou can choose any name that you would like for your LLC, as long as it is not already taken in your state. Search your state secretary's webpage to see if a name you want is available.LLCs for rental properties are commonly named after the street address of the property since it is easy to remember, will be recognizable to your renters, and it's unique so it likely won't already be in use.How to Create an LLC for a Rental PropertyWhile the exact process of creating an LLC is different by state, there are several common steps to keep in mind when creating an LLC for your rental properties:1. If you already own the property and want to transfer it to an LLC:1. Check your state's taxes and fees of doing so2. If you have a mortgage, contact your lender and consult with them on your ability to do so2. Choose a name for your LLC and check it's availability in your state3. Create your LLC's documentation1. Operating Agreement stating the rights and responsibilities of all members of the LLC. This step applies to single-member LLCs as well.2. Articles of Organization for your LLC3. Any business licenses or permits for rental property LLCs according to local regulations4. File to register the LLC in your state with all of the required documentation5. If you need to transfer title, file a Quit Claim Deed with your county6. Create a bank account for your LLC and change to the name of your LLC in all leases and other legal contracts for your rental propertyFinal Remarks from ZubyAs a landlord, creating an LLC for your rental properties has many benefits and should be seriously considered.Creating an LLC for your rentals will not only limit your personal liability, but it is also a big step towards professionalizing your rental operation.Another way to professional your rental operation is to stay organized and use a property management app like Zuby, which allows you to collect rent online, screen renters, create your own leases (and Quit Claim Deeds), order maintenance pros and much more.

Before introducing Ladakh, I’d like to mention some pertinent points which every tourist planning trip to Ladakh should know and take care of.These are also the questions which are often asked in online travel forums like Tripadvisor, Indiamike and Lonely Planet’s Thorntree etc.The most recurring questions are related to acclimatization, ATMs, Petrol Pumps, acute mountain sickness and innerline permits along with the length of Ladakh tour itineraries.In this Hub I have tried to answer as many questions on Ladakh trip planning which popped into my mind or as a traveler myself I’d asked before venturing to this barren paradise.Nestled in the Trans-Himalayan region, in the state of Jammu & Kashmir in North India, Ladakh is one of the favorite jaunt for nature lovers and adventurous souls.Tourists from all over the world throng in this mountainous region to explore the less explored jewels of nature.Besides natural treasures, the region is also famous for its ancient Buddhist monasteries. Ladakh is often dubbed as ‘Little Tibet’ as it shares an international boundary with Tibet and play host to a sizable population of Tibetan Buddhists.Although a trip to Ladakh has a lot to offer but tourists are required to take some precautions as it is mostly a barren land and has low atmospheric pressure/low oxygen level at higher altitude.Going by the statistics of Google Trends, ‘Leh Ladakh India’ and ‘Leh Ladakh tour packages’ has the highest search results. In a bid to assist first time Ladakh travelers for the peak season (May to August), I have listed a few travel tips which could help you plan your trip to Ladakh.How to deal with high altitude and acclimatize in Leh LadakhWhile planning your trip to Ladakh, acclimatization is one of the most vital aspect of the itinerary sketching and should be given utmost importance. The rule is not to rush your Ladakh trip and give proper time for acclimatization.To adapt to the low atmospheric pressure condition you need to give yourself time for proper acclimatization. It is always advisable to keep first 2 days after your arrival in Leh for getting used to high altitude condition.Don’t just arrive in Leh and think of going to Nubra or Pangong or you could get seriously affected by AMS which may lead to severe headaches, nausea, restlessness, or even inability to walk and think and ataxia which in turn will ruin your vacation.Even the most fit people get affected by the Acute Mountain Sickness. Therefore, it is advised to take some precautions beforehand.Few points to keep in mind:Physical fitness is the first and the foremost thing you need to consider while undertaking a trip to Ladakh region.Increase your altitude gradually and compensate ascent with rest at places to acclimatize.Due to the low atmospheric pressure, it is necessary for a tourist to take the rest of around 2 days or 48 hours after reaching Leh.If you are suffering from high blood pressure, heart ailments and asthma, kindly abstain yourself from planning a trip to Leh Ladakh.Hydration is necessary but overdoing it could only harm you. Just increase your normal water intake by a liter and it will do. Dehydration does not necessarily leads to AMSDuring the cold weather, cover your head and ears with something warm.Don’t exert yourself physically too much. Never run here and there out of exscitement especially on passes. Low level of oxygen could lead to fatique in an instance and it would be literally very difficult to catch your breath. You mind feel the earth go round or even fall unconscious.Some preventive medicines do aid acclimatization and treat altitude sickness the most popular is Diamox, The local version of these medicine, a time tested and natural alternative is garlic soup or soup prepared with lots of GarlicIf you notice any early warning symptoms such as headache, nausea, dizziness and fatigue, take immediate rest and descend if you are on high altitude (as in Khardung La Top) without any delay.I know this one is difficult to do but avoid smoking and drinking alcohol on high altitude to prevent AMSIf you are taking Leh-Manali Highway then stop at Keylong, Jispa, Darcha and avoid if possible staying at Sarchu; else if you are taking Leh-Srinagar Highway you should spend overnight at Kargil (I am assuming that you have already spent a night in Manali or Srinagar respectively).If you are flying directly to Leh and 2 days should be the minimum time spent in Leh for acclimatization. During this period short detours to Thiksey, Hemis, Shey, Nimoo and Stok etc. to visit monasteries and palaces are always open for you to choose.And yes do not sleep during days. I know this was not required as who'd waste even seconds of time sleeping during day in such a magnificent land.Here’s my personal reckoning with AMSI had to face this during my stay just after descending Baralacha La.One bike in our group of three got stuck in a water stream on the pass due to vicious current and we had our feets, socks and even boots wet with water. Somehow we managed to reach a small settlement of tents near Baralacha La and had to stop there as getting to Sarchu was impossible. We had dinner and then went to sleep but at around 03:00 I woke up with severe headache which refused to let go. By sunrise it was feeling like hell but somehow I managed to get on my bike. I was feeling very weary but we did began our further descent and the headache abated even before we reached Sarchu.What to Pack for Ladakh TripClothing and Other EssentialsLadakh is situated in Greater Himalayas which means it is cold and at considerable elevation. As soon as you cross Keylong (Leh-Manali Highway) you will see considerable change in weather condition as well as landscape. The same changes will be apparent when you cross Zoji La on Leh-Srinagar Highway.The point is that traveling at such altitude during days will provide ample warmth and sun shine. It seldom rains in the Ladakh region and that is one of the reason Ladakh is considered to be one of the best monsoon holiday getaway in India.During day time a simple pullover or a jacket will do the trick but as soon as the sun go down mercury also falls sharply and temperature on thermometer reading could even reach zero. The evening is generally when people rest inside their accommodation and accommodations all along the route are warm enough.Even sleeping in tents is not a problem as blankets and quilts are provided by the owners. Mentioned below are few key things which you should pack when traveling to Ladakh.At least 2 Jackets and 2-3 pulloversA pair of hand gloves preferably woolen, and warm clothes/caps to cover your ear and necks especially so if you are a riderSoaps, towels, general medicines, bandages etc.2-3 pairs of thermocot inners4-5 pairs of socks (must for bikers)Good waterproof shoes for trekking and riding in case you are a biker as you’d have to face water streams on high mountain passes like Chang La, Baralacha La and othersOne warm sleeping bag if you are planning to camp along the routeCarry some vital medicines for Acute Mountain Sickness such as Avomine,Dexamethasone, Diamox and AcetazolamideLots of chocolates, biscuits and dry fruitsCamera, chargers for cell phone and other basic thingsPacking Tips for Bikers on Ladakh Road TripBesides above mentioned stuffs you will also need:A pair of good raincoats as more often than not riders to face rain After crossing Chandigarh and before crossing Rohtang La Pass on Leh-Manali Highway. On Srinagar-Leh Highway you are more likely to get caught in the rain until you reach Zoji La.Alternatively, you could use raincoat as wind-cheater and they also help keep your clothes clean all along the dirt track on passes and Moore Plains. The cloud of sand and dirt is too much especially when an army convoy is passing and when you are crossing passes on which overtaking takes trucks and other vehicle takes longer due to narrow roads.Water Proof GlovesBoots to keep your feet, shoes and socks from getting wet at water stream flowing on passes especially the one at Baralacha La which is one of the most vicious another tough water stream to cross is at Chang La. The trick is not to cross the stream from middle and keep your bike in first gear and use clutch to maintain traction and throttle.Spare tube, puncture kit, clutch wire, break wire, chain lock, gear oil, engine oil, spark plugs etc are a must pack in your bag. Also carry petrol jar if you are taking Leh-Manali Highway as the last petrol pump that you’ll find is at Tandi which is around 380 Kms before you find the next at Karu. So 10-20 litres of extra petrol is what I’d recommend you to carry.Puncture shops are also not available and even if you find one, there is no guarantee that they will have the tube hence a tyre tubeis a must pack item even if you don’t have puncture kit.Leh - Ladakh Bike Rental Costs 2014Bike nameModelMin. Rate per dayRoyal Enfield500 CC All Models1500Royal Enfield350 CC Classic/Thunderbird1600Royal Enfield350 CC Electra1000Royal Enfield350 CC Standard900Honda ActivaAutomatic1400Bajaj Avenger200 CC900Bajaj Pulsar200 CC900Bajaj Pulsar150 CC700Yamaha FZ, Hero Impulse700Scooters125800Automatic Bikes without Gear700The cost of hiring motorcycle in Leh Ladakh as announced by Ladakh Bike Rental Association which governs the rate in the region.A look at Innerline Permit formSee all 20 photosThese are the fields in the application form that you need to fill to obtain inner line permits at DC office in LehNew Rules for Inner Line Permit 2014The good news this year (2014) is that Indian won't require any inner line permits to visit destinations in Ladakh.As per the new circular issued by the office of District Magistrate of Leh, Indian Nationals will no longer need to apply for inner line permits to visit certain inner areas like Turtuk, Panamik, Khaltse, Pangong, Changthang, Hunder, Nubra Valley Tso Kar and Tso Moriri etc. in Ladakh.But you would need to carry your Nationality ID proof (Driving Licence, Voter ID etc.) which will have to be presented at certain check posts where earlier Indians were required to submit a copy of inner line permit.But still you are on a motorcycle and your route involve crossing or travelling to Hanle, Chusul, Tsaga, beyond Loma bend, Chumur, Marsimik La, Batalik sectors then you'd still need to apply for and obtain inner line permits as per the earlier procedure before traveling to these places.The new rules for inner line permits will really help those travelers who don't want to come back to Leh after Tso Mori Ri and head straight to Manali thus saving them a precious day.Bbut I'd personally advise against coming to Tso Mori Ri from Manali directly as it would lead to acute mountain sickness (located as it is at an altitude of avove 15,000 feet).And I assure you this will ruin your trip.How to obtain Inner Line Permits in LadakhGetting Innerline Permits for Indians and Protected Area Permits for Foreign TravelersTo visit certain inner areas like Turtuk, Panamik, Khaltse, Pangong, Changthang, Hunder, Tso Kar and Tso Moriri etc. in Ladakh even foreign residents need to obtain innerline permits.Visiting Hanle, Chusul (for Pangong to Tso Mori RI by road), Tsaga, beyond Loma bend, Chumur, Marsimik La, Batalik sectors will still require Indian Nationals to obtain inner line permits.Travelers from overseas (with exception of residents of Burma, Bhutan, Nepal and Pakistan) need to obtain Protected Area Permit (PAP) to visit the above places. In case of foreigners, the permit is issued only for a group with four or more foreign tourists.For foreign tourists, it is also mandatory to go through a registered travel agent in order to obtain the Permit. The travel agent will also help you group together with others in case you are traveling solo or couple so that your permit could be obtained.Innerline Permits for Indian nationals are valid up to 3 weeks and Protected Area Permit is issued for a maximum of 7 days. You need to re-apply for the same if you are planning to visit more remote areas in Ladakh region.What's good in case of Foreign tourist's PAP is that they need not travel in same group or with the travel agent which will be mentioned in the permit.Traveling to Suru and Zanskar Valley does not require inner line permits. Foreign visitors can't go beyong Merak Village in Pangong or Mahe Village in the Changthang.The application forms for obtaining the permit is easily available at the stationary shop just behind the Leh DC office.Leh DC office opens at 9.00 AM and application for permits are usually not accepted after 03:00 PM (The office remains closed on Sundays and National Holidays)Its always advisable to reach the office as early as possible to avoid the rush and to get the permit in a hassle free way.The fee required for the permit is Rs. 200 per person as environment tax + Rs. 20 per person per day as wild life protection fee and Rs. 10 Red Cross Donation.Carry a valid photo ID and photocopies of your proof of Nationality(Passport, DL, Voters ID etc.)One person may apply for entire group provided he/she is carrying attested photocopy of proof of nationality of all member in the groupAfter acquiring the permit make sure that you carry 4-5 copies of the permits and photo id proof. You may require to subit them at certain checkposts by the military personnel who track entry and exit at certain points to check if a tourist has returned or not.It's more for your own safety as one may get stranded during trek or may get stuck due to bad weather condition.Mention all major places you are traveling to in the permit i.e. if you are spending night in Spangmik you need to mention only Pangong Lake. Certain places and in some cases even routes need to be mentioned.I, order to take the Chushul route from Pangong Tso to Tso Moriri, with a visit to Hanle, you need to mention Pangong Tso, Man, Merak, Chushul, Tsaga, Loma, Nyoma, Mahe, Hanle and Tso Moriri in the permit application.Accommodation in LadakhDue to the conditions and nature of Ladakh region, luxury hotel properties or accommodation are not available in the region. There’s one luxury hotel in Leh Town by the name of Grand Dragon.At other places you’ll find budget and deluxe or even luxury tents and camps some with basic facilities and some with running hot waters and attached western toilets. Homestays are easily available at most of the places with basic facilities and would cost 150-200 per person for the night.Luxury Camps with attached toilets and running hot water will cost you around 3000-5000 for two person. You could also book your accommodation in advance through the internet or calling the hotels and camp providers or may may check in upon arrival as Ladakh is not one of the places which has those ”peak seasons” when the rooms are fully booked in advance.Accommodation for Bikers along Leh-Manali and Leh-Srinagar HighwayFor bikers accommodation is available all along the route on both Leh-Manali and Leh-Srinagar Highway. To allow for acclimatization, bikers taking Leh-Manali Highway, accommodation is available at Keylong, Jispa, Darcha and Sarchu and one should stay for the night at one of the places.Most of the bikers stay at camps in Sarchu. But if you have arrived at Zingzing Bar late in the afternoon, avoid crossing Baralacha La as the water stream which crosses the road on this pass gets dangerous to cross due to strong current.Return to Darcha or Jispa to spend overnight. One could also stay at Pang but watch out for AMS as Pang and Sarchu are located at an elevation of 15,100 and 14,100 feet respectively. So don't cross Baralacha La if you are already feeling mountain sickness or if there are any symptoms like headache or nausea and stay at Jispa or Darcha at 10,800 feet and 11,020 feet respectively.If you are riding from Srinagar, then I’d advise you to stopover in Mulbekh instead of Kargil or even Lamayuru if you could make it. Kargil is overpriced and an overrated place to spend the night not to mention that accommodations here are way overpriced.Personally I'd recommend taking Srinagar route and return via Manali as it helps in acclimatization. If you are on a road trip to Ladakh via Manali route than I'd advice that you stay for the night at Jispa, Darcha or Keylong to avoid any risk of AMS.Petrol Pumps in Leh LadakhIf you are traveling by road and doing Ladakh by Motorcycle or 4 Wheeler, you need to know where the petrol pumps are and when you need to keep reserve petrol in cans and jars so that you don’t run out of fuel on the highway.This is imperative especially if you have chosen Leh-Manali Highway for your road trip. The last petrol pump that you’ll find on this route is located at Tandi and the next one is at Karu which is around 380 kms away. It is always advisable to carry petrol in reserve so that you don’t get stranded just because you ran out of petrol.Similarly if you are Planning Leh – Pangong – Tso Mosriri – Rumtse – Leh or Leh – Nubra – Pangong Leh which would be like traveling more than 700 – 900 kms, then get your tank full and carry plenty of petrol in reserve as you are going to need it.At some places petrol are available at local shops and residences near roadside settlements along the route but you need to pay luxury surcharge to buy them and the quality of petrol is not guaranteed.You need not worry about petrol or fuel if you are taking Leh-Srinagar Highway as you’d find enough petrol pumps en route.ATMs in Leh LadakhMoney Matters during Ladakh Trip: Tips on Cash and ATMsExcept from some antique shops, credit cards are not accepted by any of the hotels and travel agents. Therefore, carry a good amount of cash with you. If you find carrying cash a bit risky, go for plastic money i.e. the debit cards and withdraw money from the ATM’s whenever required. ATMs of several banks like SBI, AXIS Bank, J&K Bank, PNB etc. are available in Leh Town from where you could easily withdraw as per your need. More interior places like Pangong, Changthang etc. don’t have that facility so carry your cash when traveling to inner areas in Ladakh region.General Travel Tips to Plan your Leh Ladakh TripRespect the Local CultureWhile on a trip to Ladakh region, kindly show respect towards the local culture and abstain yourself from doing such activities which are against the norms of Tibetan Buddhist culture. The Tibetan Buddhist culture is quite ancient and conservative, so dress properly and cover your full body. Always take permission before clicking photographs of any person. If they ask for money, don’t click pictures.Communication Facilities in LadakhThere are STD booths available in most of the markets in Ladakh region but they close down before 10 PM. On the other hand, Kargil has a global direct dialing telephone facility, other than post and telegraph facility. Adding to that is the wireless Radio phone network service of Jammu & Kashmir Tourism station with field stations at Leh, Padum and Kargil. During May to August (peak tourist season), Jammu & Kashmir Tourism establishes mobile wireless stations in the remote areas.Avoid Usage of Plastic BagsBoth locals and tourists are responsible for the well maintained environment. Therefore, do not litter around the place. Also, plastic is officially banned in Ladakh; hence avoid the use of plastic and polythene bags.Carry Proper Documents for Bike TripIf you are heading to Ladakh on a motorcycle, you will come across some high land passes such as Changla Pass, Zojila Pass, Fatula Pass and Khardungla Pass. Since all these areas have a huge military presence, it’s better you carry permit, vehicle registration, driving license, and bike insurance paper.If you are looking for someone else to plan your journey or need more information on attractions, places, lakes and passes then I'd recommend you to visit the website of lehladakhindia.com.