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I am 32 years old. I graduated from VTU 8 years ago, did an MS in the US and had jobs for over 7 years working on multiple projects. Currently, I am working as an independent game developer who has already published an app on Google Play Store. I have answered hundreds of questions related to programming, software engineering and career in software development in various platforms including Stackoverflow and Quora.Despite all this, I still have no idea what I did for my 8th semester project.I, like most average students “bought” a project from some institute, wrote all the “records”, filled all the forms, gave all the presentations and got all the necessary signatures just to pass, and I say, doing all this is more than enough; especially if you are struggling to understand what a “project” even is.The thing about VTU final year projects is that marks are allocated on extremely arbitrary parameters such asRelevance of the subject in the present contextLiterature SurveyProblem formulationExperimental observation / theoretical modelingResults – Presentation & DiscussionConclusions and scope for future workOverall presentation of the Thesis/Oral presentationSince these parameters cannot be objectively evaluated and at the same time, professors are pressured into creating an illusion of objectivity, they tend to reject any interesting idea that you might come up with, forcing you to follow a certain pattern that you couldn’t possibly come up with on your own; given your lack of industry experience or domain knowledge.Besides, our colleges don’t have strict checks for plagiarism.Therefore, just go ahead and “buy” that project from some institute. Also, buying projects is not going to be a complete waste because you still have to do additional tasks such as writing reports and giving presentations. Doing these (alongside the actual task of tweaking the purchased projects according to your guide/professor’s specific requirements) by itself gives you valuable experience as a Business Analyst, which by the way is a real job.Either way, as a final year engineering student especially in India, your sole job is to get your education over with. Don’t worry about your future as an engineer (or anything else). You will do just fine.

When such a question is asked - the answer should always include what is the alternate.Lets not go into Caste based reservations or any political issues and look at the Education System as a whole.PROBLEM 1 - DIFFERENT SYLLABUSES BUT SAME EXAMINATIONSWe have Three Different Syllabuses in India - One is the State Board Syllabus which varies from State to State, the Other is the CBSE Syllabus which is throughout the Country and the Last is the ICSE Syllabus which is an O and A Level Cambridge Certification which is becoming the norm in an increasing number of SchoolsBased on what people say - ICSE is the most comprehensive and State Boards are the least comprehensive. This is true for at least Tamil Nadu.Yet all these students take the same Competitive Examination - be it the NEET or the IIT JEE Mains or AIEEE etc.This means that some students are unfairly disadvantaged while some students are fairly advantaged. Some Students of a certain Board are spoon fed their course - to get 200 marks out 200 at the Board level but this spoon feeding almost certainly blows their chances to shine in a Competitive examination.It means some students are unfairly disadvantaged in overall aggregates in entrance examinations which take between 40–60% of your 12th Standard marks and it is far tougher to secure 100 marks in an ICSE exam than 200 Marks in a State Board Exam. So a Kid who has scored 95 Marks in ICSE Exam will have a lower aggregate than a Kid who has scored 199 Marks in the State Board Exam for Mathematics - regardless of how different their papers were.Due to quality of teachers being different, quality of curriculum being different - the Students have different approaches to each subject which is a Problem.A Single Curriculum Syllabus - Nationally could change this entirely.One single Course - One single curriculum - One Single National ExaminationPROBLEM 2 - TOO MUCH EMPHASIS ON LANGUAGEThis is a big big deal. There is simply too much emphasis on Language. Language is regarded as a subject. While i do agree that English should be regarded as a subject - other languages should not be. A Student cannot be penalized overall for doing badly in a language.An Average Student has to learn 2 more Languages while in School - and these Languages often have zero intrinsic value. For instance - take Hindi. Conversationally Hindi or Tamil or Telugu may have value but they have little intrinsic value unless you want to read Tamil newspapers or Telugu Newspapers. Even worse is Sanskrit. The Hype of Sanskrit with modern technology apart - Sanskrit is a near dead language used mainly for Shlokas. Yet Children until Class IX are expected to learn Sanskrit in CBSE Schools.This problem persists until Class X in CBSE Schools.There are meanwhile a variety of subjects that can be taught instead which can help a student a lot such as - Electrical Works, Automotive Works, Home Economics, Carpentry, Engineering Drawing, Basic Design, Video and Photography - all of which are Taught in US SchoolsA 12 Year old is taught Carpentry and can build a Birds Feeding Table using Wood and Nails and a Drill purchased from a Superstore. A 15 year old can check out his fathers car.Even in China - Emphasis is on Practical Things rather than on Obsolete Languages.Any Language other than English should not be a subject and its marks should not be taken into the final aggregate. Instead the Student should get a Certificate after writing only 1 Exam in Class VIII - that he can read and write in that language. Only One Language should be compulsory - the other languages should be entirely voluntary.Instead of a Kid getting 76 marks in Hindi - the Kid should get a PASS Certificate in Hindi after writing his exam in Class VIII. Only One Exam - Oral and Written. Even if he gets 76 marks or 52 marks - Pass is Pass.P.S:- Our Fondness for Languages came not from UK but from USSR which has the three language formula.PROBLEM 3 - TOO MUCH CRAMMING TO UNDERSTAND FUNDAMENTALSOur Syllabus has too much content crammed into one subject to really understand concepts and fundamentals.Students are forced to learn mundanely and learn through problem solving rather than learning through fundamentals. This means a Twisted Question will result in most students getting stumped.Lets take the 12th Standard Syllabus - Differentiation, Integration. Definite Integrals, Differential Equations, Functions - Limits - Continuity - Come in Calculus, Probability, Matrices & Determinants, Vectors & Dimensional Mathematics - There is simply TOO MUCH CRAMMEDIn Foreign Countries - Calculus is a separate Subject in itself. It is different from Math.Likewise in Class VI you have too much crammed into mathematics - Algebra, Linear Equations, Algebraic Expressions in addition to a Lot of Geometry, Constructions, Congruency Rules in addition to Integers, Operations on Integers, Rational Numbers, Number Lines etc etc etc.In Foreign Countries - Algebra is a separate subject.In the Indian way of teaching - very few can understand the fundamentals or basics. Without understanding the basics - it is very tough to fully digest these topics.There should be a fairer distribution of topics in mathematics or Physics or chemistry or biology or even English. Fewer Topics but thorough exposure to all concepts and basics.For instance Class XI and XII in India offer 47 Topics in Physics combined - compared to only 23 Topics in US Schools and Syllabuses and 31 Topics in UK and Australian Schools and Syllabuses. Yet the teaching of these topics is far more thorough.PROBLEM 4 - LITTLE OR NO EMPHASIS ON PROJECT WORK OR ESSAYSSomehow our Schools regard Practical Work or Project work as beneath dignity.There is very little emphasis on Essays or Project work. Instead Emphasis is on answering questions.Example in History - we focus on- “What were the causes of World War II?” - while in US they focus on “Write an Essay on the World between 1919 and 1939”US Students have to be creative and this teaches them how to research, how to write good Essays and how to arrange your text concisely.Indian Students have a standard set of points to write. It is more of memory work than creativity.Likewise Project work is a joke in most schools. Previous years Projects are pushed to the present year for work to be done and copied. New Projects are frowned upon. Thus students rarely gain practical experience unless they are in College.Even Labs are utterly 20 years behind. Even today Salt Analysis is the basic practical in Class 12th - which was present during my Grandpas day. In Physics - Outdated devices like Beam Balance or Vernier Calipers or Galvanometers are used which offer zero intrinsic value.So in my opinion here are some things that could help in Education:-Only English be Mandatory as Language. Students can take a Second Language but the Language will have only 1 exam in Class VIII and Student will get a certificate if he clears the Exam. Everything else will be Voluntary.Only one Board of Education.Trained Teachers and More emphasis on Powerpoint Lectures rather than Blackboard Lectures with Chalk Pieces. This way Powerpoint Slides can be used for references by students.Reducing the number of topics in all classes but increasing the depth of each topic to teach the student Fundamentals. Also Trigonometry, Calculus should be divided into Basic and Advanced - with only the best students offered Advanced Trigonometry or Advanced Calculus.More Emphasis on Essays and Project work. They should form at least 40% of the Final Grade or Mark.One Single National Exam instead of hundreds of Competitive Exams. Children can choose which subjects to take based on what they want to do. This is what happens in China and it has proven efficient and effective.At least 70% Budget Increase for Education to ensure Good Teachers are attracted to teaching.Lesser Examinations and more Pop Quiz Culture to be followed to evaluate a students understanding of the subject in classes rather than 4 hours of cramming.School Hours be reduced to 6 1/2 Hours a day and 40 Hours a week maximum instead of the present 8 Hours a day and 48 Hours a week.

Why study in the US?Before starting the research, you should be asking this. If you follow this field closely, the answer should be obvious. US is the largest analytics / data science market in the entire world. The major benefit of pursuing Masters in US is to gain access to the large pool of upcoming job opportunities in US. It is also one of the most mature market in analytics / data science evolution.If you’ve ever dreamed of working as a data scientist in US, this guide with take you a step closer. In this article, I’ve provided a detailed analysis of 10 good MS Programs in Analytics /Data Science in US. I’ve seen that people become clueless in choosing the best college / university for themselves. Therefore, I’ve also provided a detailed explanation of selection parameters which can be used to evaluate goodness of any university program.1. MS in Data Science, Columbia UniversityColumbia University is located in the heart of New York city. Being an Ivy League institution, there are no questions about its reputation. The MS program is being run by the Data Science Institute at Columbia. The students have access to courses from all the top programs at the institute. The general course duration is 16 months,i.e. 3 semesters of study and an internship semester.Curriculum: Courses worth 30 credits are required to be completed and most of the graduate level courses are 3 credits each. It consists of 6 core courses covering the essentials of computer science, probability, statistics and machine learning. There is a capstone project in the last semester. Remaining 3 courses can be taken as electives from across the university.Practical Training: These come in the form of an internship semester and capstone project. Additionally, the Columbia Data Science Society organizes workshops and other events where you can get ample opportunities to interact and solve problems with your peers. The city of New York has a strong data science community which will offer many opportunities to apply data science knowledge.Industrial Collaboration & Research Opportunities: The data science institute runs 7 research centers which run some good research projects which can help students get a working knowledge of data science Since the department consists of professors from various departments including computer science, statistics, business, civil, etc. there are ample research opportunities available. Industry collaborations work in terms of sponsored research projects as well career development center which organizes career fairs, tech talks, etc.Rankings: Business: 10 Computer Science: 15 Statistics: 20 Mathematics: 9Conclusion: The program provides a good foundation in machine learning and programming along with practical experience. Moreover Columbia is ranked in top 20 in all the domains related to data science making it a good choice. One drawback of the program could be that the curriculum is a bit inclined towards programming and more technical in nature than few other programs, which are more business oriented.2.MS in Computational Data Science, Carnegie Mellon UniversityCarnegie Mellon University (CMU) is one of the topmost universities for research in computer science. It’s CS department also run few specialized masters programs.These programs focus on one core domain, have higher tuition fee and offers no assistance. They treat them as cash cow programs but students benefit from the high quality pedagogy. MSCDS is one such program. It spans over 16 months with 3 semesters of study and an internship semester.Curriculum: There are 2 concentration to choose from – Analytics or Systems. Analytics will focus on machine learning aspect and Systems will focus on big data and computational aspects. Total 8 unit-courses, 2 seminar courses and 1 capstone project is required to complete the course. Out of the 8 unit-courses, 3 are electives which can be taken from the Department of Computer Science.Practical Training: These come in the form of an internship semester, seminar courses and capstone project. The location of Pittsburg is a definite disadvantage but the brand name of CMU is too big for it to have an impact on the internship or job search. Obviously, relocation could be a potential challenge.Industrial Collaboration & Research Opportunities: This is a coursework oriented program and the research/industrial collaboration opportunities come from sponsored capstone projects. The institute also helps in acquiring internships and job opportunities.Rankings: Business: 18 Computer Science: 1 Statistics: 9 Mathematics: 34Conclusion: This is a CS oriented program and ideal for people with some coding experience who want to get into machine learning. The drawback being that the business side of the program is weak and you should not expect getting some domain experience like finance/healthcare. It is better suited for software engineering roles rather than data scientist roles.3. MS in Analytics, North Carolina State UniversityThis program is managed by the Institute of Advanced Analytics at NCSU and is the first analytics program started way back in 2007.Most of the other programs are 2-4 years old and thus lack recognition. But NCSU is a highly reputed program in the analytics industry, even though NCSU as a whole is considered a tier 2 institution. This is a 10-month intensive program, with 3 semesters starting in the summer and ending in spring. Moreover, GRE score is not required for application, only TOEFL is required.Curriculum: The curriculum exposes students to a wide spectrum of topics which can be found here. The program ends with an industry sponsored capstone project. The curriculum focuses on mathematics and statistics and covers many statistical techniques.Practical Training: The program is a typical coursework based with 2 practical courses. There is no option of an internship. The location of North Carolina is not rick in local opportunities in data science, but the course is intensive enough to keep students exhausted during the 10 months.Industrial Collaboration & Research Opportunities The capstone projects are in collaboration with the industry. Some guest lectures and tech talks are also organized. The program has no inclination towards research and you should not go there expecting any. The institute also helps in acquiring internships and job opportunities.Rankings: Business: 52 Computer Science: 48 Statistics: 15 Mathematics: 52Conclusion: NCSU is a well reputed program with good future prospects. It prepare candidates well for data scientist roles as it exposes them to a wide spectrum of analytics techniques. Strong mathematics and statistics fundamentals are required to get into this program and you should apply only if you are confident about the same.The masters program at TAMU is offered by the department of statistics and it’s a part-time program for working professionals. The program website is not much informative but TAMU as an institution has a decent reputation in the industry. Being a part time program, it is spread over 5 semesters.Curriculum: The curriculum consists of 12 courses, details of which can be found here. The program ends with an industry sponsored capstone project. There are only 2 elective courses. The curriculum has a focus on statistics with applications in finance and marketing.Practical Training: The program is typically coursework based with a capstone project and a seminar with oral presentation. There is focus on SAS programming which prepares you well for the industry.Industrial Collaboration & Research Opportunities Being a part time program, there is no focus on research. The program’s advisory body is made up of industry professionals so the program runs hand-in-hand with the requirements in the industry. TAMU organizes some other events as well like the Analytics 2015 conference.Rankings: Business: 31 Computer Science: 40 Statistics: 15 Mathematics: 41Overall, it is a decent program and designed specifically for working professionals.4. MS in Business Analytics, Michigan State UniversityThis is a 1 year program which commences in the spring semester and continues in summer and fall with graduation in December. The course prepares students for data scientist roles in industries such as consulting, automotive, consumer products, retail, and financial services.Curriculum: The curriculum consists of 12 courses, details of which can be found here. There are only no elective courses as all courses are pre-defined. The summer semester has workload of only 2 courses and in addition a capstone project of a 10-12 week internship can be completed in that period.Practical Training: The program is typically coursework based with an option of capstone project or an internship.Industrial Collaboration & Research Opportunities It’s a typical coursework based program with no attention on research. The capstone projects are conducted in collaboration with an industry partner. University organizes internship and job fairs as well.Rankings: Business: 35 Computer Science: 56 Statistics: 47 Mathematics: 46Conclusion: This is a good program and if you like the fixed curriculum, it might work out. Also, since Michigan State University is not as reputed as some other universities mentioned here, it might be easier to get in.5. MS in Business Analytics, University of CincinnatiThis is another 1 year program commencing in fall, with a more or less fixed curriculum. It prepares the candidates for business analyst and data scientist positions.Curriculum: The curriculum consists of 12 courses, details of which can be found here. The program ends with an industry sponsored capstone project. There are only 2 elective courses.Practical Training: The program is typically coursework based with a capstone project. The location of Cincinnati also doesn’t offer a vibrant data science community to take advantage from.Industrial Collaboration & Research Opportunities The program has no focus on research. List most other courses, industry collaborations are in the form of job fairs, tech talks and sponsored capstone.Rankings: Business: 63 Computer Science: 112 Statistics: – Mathematics: 115Conclusion: This is a slightly less reputed university with a decent program which should be comparatively easier to get through. But you should be comfortable with the curriculum before you think about taking it up.