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◾Group :- 1 exams jobsGroup 1 job includes :Deputy Collectors.Commercial Tax Officers.Superendent of Police(Category-II)Regional Transport Officers.Assistant Prohabiton and Exercise Superendents.Mandal Parsit Develop Ment Officers.Destrict Registrer.District BC well fare Officers.◾Group :- 2 exams jobsExecutive post's,Municipal Commissioner Grade-III.Assistant Commercial Tax Officer.Mandal Revenue Officer.Sub-Registrar Grade-II.Junior Employment Officer.Co-operative Sub-Registrar.Assistant Labour Officer.Extension Officer.⚫ Group - 1 ExamsTNPSC Group 1 Exam Eligibility CriteriaTNPSC Group 1 Exam Eligibility Details: Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission (TNPSC)’s Group I Exam Eligibility details are given below…..Eligibility Conditions:I. Age Limit:Name of the Post Minimum Age(should havecompleted) Maximum Age (should not have completed)SC’s, SC(A)’s, ST’s,MBC’s/DC’s, BC’s,BCM’s and DW’s ofall castes “Others” i.e., candidatesnot belonging to SC’s,SC(A)’s, ST’s, MBC’s/DC’s,BC’s and BCM’s1. For all the posts except thepost of AssistantCommissioner (C.T). 21 Years 35 Years 30 Years2. Assistant Commissioner (C.T.)(i) For candidatespossessing any degree 21 Years 35 Years 30 Years(ii) For candidates possessingB.L. degree of anyUniversity or Institutionrecognized by theUniversity Grants Commission. 21 Years 36 Years 31 YearsNote:(i) “Others” (i.e.,) candidates not belonging to SC’s, SC(A’)s, ST’s, MBC’s/DC’s, BC’s and BCM’s who have put in 5 years and more of service in the State / Central Government are not eligible to apply even if they are within the age limit.II. Educational Qualification: Candidates should possess the following or its equivalent qualification:-1. Candidates should possess a Degree of any of the Universities incorporated by an Act of the Central or State Legislature in India or any other Educational Institutions established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as a University under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956.Note:(i).The qualification prescribed for these posts should have been obtained by passing the required qualification in the order of studies 10th + HSC (or its equivalent)+ U.G. degree.(ii). The candidates, who have written the final year degree examination, may also apply for the Preliminary Examination for direct recruitment to the posts included in Group-I Services.2. Preference will be given to the candidates, who possess the qualification mentioned against each of the following posts:Sl.No Name of the Post Qualification1. Deputy Superintendent ofPolice (Category – I) A Degree or Diploma in Criminology and Forensic Scienceand also to those who possess National Awards for PhysicalEfficiency.2. Assistant Commissioner(C.T.) First Preference _ A Degree both in Commerceand Law together with a Diploma in Taxation laws.Second Preference _ A Degree both in Commerceand Law.Third Preference _ A Degree either in Commerceor Law together with a Diploma in Taxation laws.Fourth Preference _ A Degree either in Commerceor Law.3. District Employment Officer Graduate in Economics/ Education/ Sociology/ Statistics or Psychology and to those with Post Graduate Diploma in Social Science and Experience in Industrial/ Personnel Management/ Labour Welfare.Physical Qualification:Candidates applying for the post of Deputy Superintendent of Police (Category-I) and District Officer (Fire and Rescue Service) must possess the following Physical qualifications:Name of the Post Physical QualificationDeputy Superintendent ofPolice (Category-I) i. For Men: Must be not less than 165 cms in Height and not less than 86 cms round the chest on full inspiration and must have a chest expansion of not less than 5 cms on full inspiration.ii. For Women: Must be not less than 155 cms in Height. The Chest measurement will not apply tothem.District Officer (Fire and Rescue Service) i. For Men: Must be not less than 165 cms in Height, 50 kgs in Weight and not less than 89 cms round the chest on full inspiration and 84 cms (normal) with not less than 5 cms chest expansion on full inspiration.ii. For Women: Must be not less than 155 cms in Height. The Chest measurement and 50 kg Weight will not apply to themRead more: TNPSC Group 1 Exam Eligibility Criteria TNPSC Group 1 Exam Eligibility Criteria⚫Group - 2 ExamsTNPSC Group 2 Eligibility DetailsTNPSC Group 2 Eligibility Details: Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission (TNPSC) conducts Combined Civil Services Examination-II (Non-Interview Posts) (Group-II A Services). The candidates who are applying must have the specified age and necessary educational qualification. The following are the eligibility details…Eligibility Criteria:Age Limit:Name of the Post MinimumAge(For all) Maximum Age“Others”[i.e Candidatesnot belonging toSCs, SC(A)s,STs, MBCs/DCs,BCs and BCMs] Scheduled Caste /Scheduled Caste(Arunthathiyars), ScheduledTribes, Most BackwardClasses / DenotifiedCommunities, BackwardClasses, Backward Classes(Muslims) and DestituteWidows of all castesFor all posts 18 Years 30 Years No Maximum age limitNote: Candidates not belonging to SCs, SC (Arunthathiyars), STs, MBCs/ DCs, BCs, BCMs (i.e. others) who have put in five years and more of service in the State/ CentralGovernment are not eligible to apply, even though they are within the age limit.Educational Qualification: Candidates should possess the following or its equivalent qualification.Langrennski, Alpinski, Sykkel, Fjellutstyr, Klatreutstyr, Fotballsko, Joggesko og Klær Name of the Post Educational Qualification Technical Qualification1. Personal Clerk inTamil Nadu PublicService Commission Bachelor’sDegree i. Must have passed the GovernmentTechnical Examination in Typewriting:both by Higher Grade in Tamil and Englishandii. Must have passed the GovernmentTechnical Examination in Shorthand:both by Higher Grade in Tamil and English.Sl. No Name of the Post Educational Qualification1. Assistant in Commissioner ofRevenue Administration A degree ofB.A./B.Sc./ B.B.M/ http://B.Com. of anyUniversity/ B.O.L of AnnamalaiUniversity/ B.B.A of Madurai KamarajarUniversity/ B.Litt. of Madras University/Bharathiyar University.2. Assistant in thefollowing departmentsCivil Supplies andConsumer Production,Industries and Commerce, LandAdministration, LandReforms, Prison, Medicaland Rural Health Services,Transport, Registration, RuralDevelopment and Panchayat Raj,Backward Classes, Fisheries,Technical Education, NationalCadet Corps, PublicHealth and Preventive Medicine,School Education, Vigilance andAnti-Corruption, Surveyand Land Records, UrbanLand Ceiling and Urban Land TaxDepartments, Divisions ofCommercial Taxes and Tamil NaduPublic Service Commission Any Degree3. Planning Junior Assistant,Tamil Nadu StatePlanning Commission A degree ofB.A./ http://B.Sc./B.Com. of any University.4. Assistant in FinanceDepartment in theTamil Nadu Secretariat A Bachelor’s degree in Commerceor Economics or Statistics of anyUniversity or Institution recognisedby the University Grants Commission5. Lower Division Clerk inTamil Nadu LegislativeAssembly Secretariat B.A./ http://B.Sc./ http://B.Com. of any Universityrecognised by the University GrantsCommission.6. Junior Co-operative Auditor A degree ofB.B.M. Degree or http://B.Com. Degreeor http://B.Com (Computer Application)Degree or B.A. (Co-operation) Degreeor B.A. (Economics) Degree or B.A.(Corporate Secretaryship) Degree orB.B.E. Degree awarded by any University.Note:1. The said prescribed educational qualification for these posts should have been obtained by passing the required qualification in the order of studies 10th, HSC, UG Degree and PG Degree.2. Persons claiming equivalence of qualification should furnish the details of evidence for such claim when called for, failing which their application will be summarily rejected.

YESSteps: The common steps to applying for admission are as follows:1.Search for colleges and courses2.Contact schools and visit websites for information3.Narrow down your list of schools4.Take the entrance exams like SAT, GMAT, GRE, TOEFL, IELTS5.Write SOPs and ask for LORs6.Apply to the colleges which fit your interests7.Appear for video interviews of the colleges that shortlisted you8.If accepted, apply for student visa1. The GPA* of admitted students are important, but majors offered,location, the number of students enrolled, and campus culture are allfactors.2. For each course, Indian students will need to meet a minimumEnglish language requirement. Along with that a minimum academicrecord of 65% and above for humanities stream in class XII, and 70 -80% and above for Science/Commerce stream in class XII will also berequired. Foundations and Diploma programs are available for studentswho have secured below 60%.These numbers are just for reference purpose, the actual numbers maydiffer from university to university.The following documents also need to be submitted:1.Attested copies of mark sheets of class X, XII, and the Bachelor'sdegree (if applicable)Nic.at Kurzdomains least, two academic reference letters from professors who havetaught you most recently.3.If you have work experience then two letters of recommendation fromthe employer/manager who knows you well and can comment on yourprofessional abilities4.Statement of Purpose (SOP)5.Resume6.Photocopied score reports of GMAT / GRE / IELTS / TOEFL7.Portfolio (in case of students applying for art and design courses &architecture programs)8.Others (certificates/achievements at the state and national leveland extracurricular activities)9.Proof of fundsTimelineMost of the US colleges accept online applications. You will have tovisit each college's website to apply. In most cases, you will have tomake an account on the college website to provide your basicinformation, submit the scanned version of your documents, and payapplication fees. You will be informed about the application processand its stages through this account. Please refer to the website ofthe colleges of your choice to know the process of applying.Application fee: All colleges require that you pay an application feewhile applying. The fee amount will differ depending upon the collegeand course being applied to, so check with individual colleges abouttheir application fee.Essay: Essays are also required to be submitted by a prospectivestudent. Essays are an important part of the university admissionsprocess. Students may be required to write one or two essays, alongwith a few optional essays too. Common topics include careeraspirations, strengths and weaknesses, skills, experiences, andreasons for considering a particular school.SOP: A Statement of Purpose (SOP) is your introduction to the collegeand admission officers. It is always written in the first person anddescribes the reason for applying to a particular college. It needs tohighlight why you are a perfect fit for the college and why thecollege should accept you. The style of writing could differ fromformal to casual, but it is important to remember that it shouldreflect your personality as well.LOR: A letter of recommendation (LOR) is a reference letter written bya third party describing the qualities, characteristics, andcapabilities of the prospective student to recommend him to thecollege in terms of that individual’s ability to perform a particulartask or function. The third party could be a professor, direct manageretc.Intake seasonsThere are two main intake seasons of US universities, the sessionstarts mainly in September and January but some institutions haveintakes in May, July, and October as well. The Major intake season forthe top courses in the US is September, while the minor intake seasonis January, which is meant for a fairly small number of courses.You should start your admission process around six months before theapplication deadline. Typically most universities have threedeadlines, from October to January. It is up to the convenience of thestudents, which deadline to aim for. You should be done with yourlanguage and aptitude tests by three months before the deadline. Thelast 3 months should be dedicated to filling out the application formproperly.It is essential to ensure that the ‘complete application process’along with appearing for interviews and visa application procedureshould be complete by June or July for the September intake.The main intake season for top colleges and courses is the fall seasoni.e. September. It depends on what course you are looking to pursuebecause many courses don’t have the January intakes.If you are looking to get admission into vocational courses, then somecourses may have admissions open in January and perhaps even May orJuly.Language examsInternational English Language Testing System (IELTS), Test Of Englishas a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and Pearson Test of English (PTE) areall standardized language tests, which are required to be taken forthe purpose of getting admission to colleges. These follow differentformats, structure and result bands. These tests are all different invarious ways but many colleges ask for any one of the results. So it'sup to the student to decide which exam to appear for.Repetition of exams: IELTS can be taken an unlimited number of times.TOEFL can be retaken as many times as wished, but cannot be taken morethan once in a 12-day period. Same with PTE, it can be taken as manytimes as desired. You must wait to receive your scores before you canbook your next test.Fee: The fee for these exams is Rs 9,300 for IELTS, Rs 10,000 forTOEFL and Rs 9,350 for PTE.Time to apply: Ideally, if you are aiming at the September intake youshould appear for these exams by November so that you can apply beforethe first deadline. The universities you will be applying to willmention which exam results they will accept. But if they give a choiceto go for either of these, then the choice depends on you. The timerequired to prepare for IELTS/TOEFL/PTE would depend on the existingEnglish language proficiency. You may require 2 to 4 months ofpreparation before the exam date.General examsGMAT - The Graduate Management Admission Test is used to measure theabilities of the potential MBA aspirant to undertake higher educationin the field of business or management. It measures mathematical,English, and reasoning skills of the student.GRE - The Graduate Record Examination is another test required to betaken by students applying to graduate schools to pursue MA or MS.Increasingly many business schools are also accepting GRE scores forthe purpose of granting admission for MBA.LSAT - The Law School Admission Test is a standardized test and is anintegral part of the law school admission process. It provides ameasure of reading and verbal reasoning skills that law schools canuse in assessing applicants.SAT - The Scholastic Assessment Test measures literacy and writingskills that are needed for academic success in college. This testassesses how well the test takers analyze and solve problems—skillsthey learned in school that they will need in college. The SAT istypically taken by high school students to get into UG courses.The university you will be applying to will mention which exam resultswill be applicable for the course of your choice. But if they give achoice to go for either of these, then the choice depends on you.Repetition and Fee: You can give GMAT unlimited number of times,subject to five times a year and a gap of 30 days between two tests.You can take these tests with a gap of 30 days from the first time.The cost of GMAT is Rs 16,000, GRE is Rs 12,000 and LSAT is Rs 3,800Ideally, if you are aiming at the September intake you should appearfor these exams by November so that you can apply before the firstdeadline. The preparatory duration generally ranges from 4 to 6months.Average Scores: The average GMAT accepted across universities is 540.Average GRE score is 155 for Verbal, 167 for Quantitative and 5.0 forWriting. Average LSAT score accepted across universities is 162.It is important to note that these numbers are just for referencepurpose, the actual scores may differ from university to university.ScholarshipsFee waivers are awarded to international students on the criteria ofmerit and need of it. Candidate with strong academics, goodperformance in standardized exams and extracurricular achievementswould be eligible for scholarship awards and financial assistance. Tobenefit from these opportunities, one has to make sure to send all therequired documents by particular deadlines. In addition to this, thepresentation of the application is also important because one isjudged by the image one projects.Documents required: The documents usually needed for a scholarshipapplication are as follows, although the requirements may differ:Academic records and photocopiesA recent CVA letter of intent, which acts as a cover pageCertificate of Language Proficiency (TOEFL or IELTS scores)Letters of Reference (LOR)

Hey Jon Mixon, I am glad you admit you have a “Jon Mixon, I have a passing familiarity with American jurisprudence.” which supports your admission of your lack of ability to properly interpret and understanding the law, the question that was asked or my answer. Pay attention to the details Jon.And, Jon, if it weren’t for the ethical considerations that bind me as a professional I would tell you exactly where you can shove your condescending statement.The Question: Can I shoot a bail bondsman that enters my home [without] permission? Would it matter if he was [after me] or [a houseguest]?Read the Law below and then go back and carefully reads my answer. The bottomline is nobody can enter your home illegally without a valid Warrant and must bar in full compliance with controlling statutes of the state and the U.S. Constitutional law. The only exception is a felony has been committed and the Police are in hot-pursuit of the perpetrator. If he runs into his home, a third-party home, or anywhere else on the face of the earth they can pursue him until capture.Synopsis of Current State Laws on Restrictions of Bail Bond and Bounty Hunters from entering a persons home.AKAlaska permits arrests to be made by private persons (AS 12.12.010, 12.25.030) and the surety may personally arrest the defendant for surrender before final charging (AS 09.40.200). UCEAALAlabama gives wide latitude to bondsmen to arrest their principals. (Code of Alabama 15-13-62) The bondsman can authorize another to apprehend the fugitive by endorsing a certified copy of the undertaking (15-13-117). The bondsman or his agent can pursue the principal anywhere in the state, must possess a certified copy of the bond, must clearly identify himself and his purpose, and can enter a dwelling for this purpose. The principal has to be surrendered to the sheriff of the county of jurisdiction. (15-13-63). An out of state bondsman shall have a certified copy of the undertaking when apprehending the principal (15-13-124). UCEAH 593 would prohibit fugitive recovery near a school or child care facility.ARNobody can represent himself as a bounty hunter or bail recovery agent in Arkansas. Only a licensed private investigator, a person under his direct supervision, a licensed bondsman from the state where the bond was issued, and sworn peace officers can arrest bail fugitives. Such persons must be at least 21 years of age and have no felony record. Bondsman must notify local law enforcement of his presence, the name and charges and suspected location of the defendant. Violation is a class D felony. (Arkansas Code of 1999, 16-84-114). UCEAH 2222 defines who can recover bail fugitives. Enacted 05APR01AZLicense required. A surety may empower a bail recovery agent to arrest a defendant (ARSA 20-282.10). The bail recovery agent may not enter a residence without permission, nor make an arrest without written authorization from an Arizona licensed bail bondsman, nor wear law enforcement- like apparel. The recovery agent must identify himself as such. Out of state bondsmen must contract for a recovery agent through an Arizona bondsman. Bondsman must report in writing to DOI name of recovery agent. Violation is a class 5 felony. (ARSA 13-3885). A recovery agent must submit to the DOI triennially a new set of fingerprints for a criminal background check. He cannot have been convicted of a felony or an offense using a dangerous weapon. (ARSA 20-323) UCEACALicense required. In September 1999, A 243, the Bail Fugitive Recovery Persons Act, was passed which added section 1299 to the Penal Code. This law provides for the regulation of bail fugitive recovery persons, defined as a person given written authorization by a bail or depositor of bail and contracted to investigate, surveil, locate, and arrest a bail fugitive and any person employed to assist the bail or depositor of bail to do same. The law requires that the bail fugitive recovery person be at least 18 years old and complete 2 power of arrest courses. This law requires that a person authorized to apprehend a bail fugitive notify local law enforcement of his intent to apprehend 6 hours prior. This law prohibits a bail fugitive recovery person from forcibly entering a premises for that purpose except pursuant to certain existing provisions of law governing arrest by a private person. Any person authorized to apprehend a bail fugitive is required to carry certification of completion of required courses and training programs, and shall not wear a badge or law enforcement type apparel, not carry a firearm or weapon except in compliance with state law. Violation of this statute is a misdemeanor. The law remains in effect only until January 1, 2005 subject to another statute deleting or extending that date. (Penal Code, Part 2, Title 10, Chapter 1, Article 5.5, Section 1299 and Insurance Code, Section 1810.7) In addition, a bounty hunter or bond agent who captures a defendant in California must go through extradition procedures to transport him interstate. [CA Penal Code 847.5 (1995 West); Ouzts v Maryland Nat’l http://Ins.Co. 505 F.2d 547 (9th Cir. 1974)]. After an arrest of a defendant on bail, the surety must deliver him to the court or the police within 48 hours if it occurs in California. If it occurs out of state, the surety must deliver the defendant within 48 hours of returning to California. (CA Penal Code 1301). UCEACOA surety with a certified copy of the bond may apprehend the defendant. (CRSA 16-4-108) A surety is prohibited from contracting with a bail recovery person, guilty of a felony within the last 15 years, or who has not been trained in bail recovery practices. A recovery agent must submit fingerprints to the Colorado Bureau of Investigation, undergo a background check (12-17-105.5), and receive verification of a certificate of completion of the Peace Office Standards and Training Board (POST) bail recovery course. Bail recovery personnel must also have fingerprints on file with local police or sheriff. (12-7-101 et seq.), UCEACTLicense required. Before apprehending a principal, a professional bondsman (licensed under CT Special and Public Acts, Ch 533), a surety bond agent (licensed under Ch 700f) or a bail enforcement agent (licensed under CGSA Sec 29-152 (f) to (l)) must notify law enforcement of the jurisdiction in which the principal is thought to be (29-152(k)). Under (Sec 29-152 (f) to (l)) bail recovery personnel are not allowed to wear law enforcement-like apparel or badges (29-152(l)), and if firearms are carried a permit is required (29-152(m)). License requires training (20 hours) and background checks. No felony record allowed. Police officers are forbidden from being bounty hunters. Violation is punished by a fine not over $1,000 and/or two years in jail and permanent loss of license (29-152(n)).UCEAH 5726. Clarifies licensing standards, conduct provisions, etc.DCThe District is hostile both to commercial bail and to bounty hunters. A Maryland bail agent recently entered DC to pick up a fugitive and first called for police back up. The police arrested him for possession of a firearm, and let the fugitive go because the warrant in the bondsman’s possession had not been entered into NCIC. (DCCode 23) UCEADEA surety can apprehend and surrender his principal. (X. General provisions. Rule 46.) UCEAH 176 requires bail enforcement agents to have a license & register with Department of Public Safety.FLFree lance bounty hunters banned. Does not allow bounty hunters. Fugitives can only be recovered by those to whom they are bonded out. One cannot make an arrest on an out of state bond unless the person is licensed in the state or the state where the bond was written. Violation of the statute is a 3rd class felony. (Florida Statutes 648.30 (2)(3)). UCEAGAAs of 01 July 1999, in Georgia, arresting agent must be at least 25, possess a Georgia firearms permit (if carrying), be a US citizen, if out of state from a state that has no licensing/training requirements, must contract a Georgia licensed agent, no law enforcement style apparel, must carry ID from bondsman with physical description and bondsman’s signature, notification to local authorities required by phone or fax if pick up is in private home (not required if apprehension is in public). (OCGA 17-6-50 through 58)) UCEAHIThe surety may at any time surrender the principal (HRS 804-14) (HRS (Insurance) 431:1-210) UCEAIALicense required. Bounty hunters must be licensed and notify local police of a defendant’s location before making an arrest. (IA CODE 80A.3). A victim can sue a bail bond agent as well as the bounty hunter for misconduct. (IA CODE 80A.16A) A bounty hunter cannot enter the home of or use force against an innocent third party. (State v McFarland, 598 N.W.2nd 318 (Iowa Ct. App. 1999)). In Iowa, the surety, subject to the limitations of IA CODE 80A, may at any time arrest the defendant at any place in the state and by written authority on a certified copy of the undertaking may empower any person of suitable age and discretion to do so. (IA CODE 811.8) UCEAIDThe surety may at any time arrest the defendant at any place in Idaho (IS 8-111) and by written authority on a certified copy of the undertaking may empower any person of suitable age and discretion to do so. (19-2925) UCEAILBounty hunters banned. Illinois is a state unfriendly to commercial bail. A statute was enacted in 1963 designed to eliminate the commercial bail bond industry. See Schlib v Kuebel, 264 N.E.2nd 377, 380 (Ill. 1970), aff’d 404 U.S. 357 (1971); Ill. Stat. Ch. 725 Sec.s 5/110-7, 5/110-8. “No bail bondsman from any state may seize or transport unwillingly any person found in this State who is allegedly in violation of a bail bond posted in some other state.” Ill. Stat. Ch. 725 Sec. 5/103-9. UCEAINLicense required. A surety, or a person authorized by him with a certified copy of the undertaking, may apprehend a principal in any county in the state (IC 35-1-22-7). Recovery agents must be licensed (IC 27-10-3-1(1997). To obtain a license, recovery agents must be at least 18, a citizen of the US, a resident of IN for at least 6 months, 10 years since a felony conviction, 5 years since a misdemeanor. (IC 27-10-3-5.) They must pass an examination given by the state. (IC 27-10-3-6). Recovery agents must notify the sheriff in their respective locales of their residence (IC 27-10-3-17) and bail bond agents must give the state a list of recovery agents they employ (IC 27-10-3-14). Forcible entry into a private dwelling of a third party to arrest the principal is prohibited (IC 35-33-1-4) (IC 27-10-2-7) Mishler v State, 660 N.E.2nd 343 (Ind App. 1996). UCEAKSThe surety , or a person authorized by the surety, may arrest the defendant to be delivered to the county in which he is charged. (KS 22-2809) UCEAKYBounty hunters banned. No bail bondsman or his agent can arrest, detain, and remove from the state a bail fugitive unless a warrant has been issued for the defendant (KRS 440.270(2)). To get the warrant, a “credible” person has to appear before a judge, the judge has to issue it, and the arrest must be made by a peace officer. Defendant then answers the charge before a judge in the county in which he was arrested (KRS 440.270(1). Kentucky expressly outlaws the commercial bail bond industry. KRS 431.510 (outlawing commercial bail bond industry); See Stephens v Bonding Assoc. Of Kentucky, 538 S. W.2nd 580 (Ky 1976) (upholding statute).UCEA.LALicense required. All recovery agents must be licensed by DOI. There are education requirements to obtain and keep license. Out of state recovery personnel must contract with a bail agent licensed in Louisiana. Recovery personnel required to wear apparel identifying bail bond company during apprehension or surrender in a private residence. For apprehension in a private residence, notification of local law enforcement required. (LAC Title 37, Part XIII, Ch. 49, Reg 65, Sec. 4901 et seq.) UCEAMAThe surety to whose exclusive custody the principal is released has legal control over the principal to ensure his appearance. (MGL Ch 276, Sec. 58, Sec. 68, & Sec. 69) The surety can forcibly enter the dwelling of the principal to apprehend him. (Ch 276, Sec. 68) UCEAH 1481 Bail recovery agents must register with Department of Public Safety prior to a recovery.MDThe surety can surrender the principal. (Rule 4-217, Section (h)(2) and (I)(3)(Annotated Code of MD, Art. 41, Ch.2) UCEAH 912 would require licensing for recovery agents.METhe surety is responsible for the principal’s appearance at all times before the verdict, and the defendant’s compliance with conditions of release (15 MRS 105A-1072). UCEAMIThe surety may arrest the principal and is entitled to the assistance of law enforcement (MCL 765.26). UCEAMNThe surety has the authority and right to arrest the principal (MS 625.18), or cause him to be arrested. He must give notice to the sheriff before apprehension (629.63). UCEAMOThe surety or any person authorized by him may with a copy of the recognizance apprehend the principal in any county of the state. (MRS Title 37, Ch. 544.600) UCEA does not apply in Missouri.S 246 (Sec. 374.782 to 374.789) Bill regulating licensing of bail recovery agents.H 853/S 560 allows recovery agents to carry concealed weaponsMSLicense required. Bail enforcement agents must be licensed and be at least 21 years of age, a resident of MS for at least one year, and have no felony record (MS Code 83-39-3). A surety may before final judgement arrest the principal anywhere or authorize another to do so. (MS Code 99-5-27) A surety, by presenting a certified copy of the bond, can request law enforcement to arrest the principal. The surety must accompany the officer to receive the principal. (99-5-29) UCEAMTThe surety may at any time arrest the defendant or by written authority on a certified copy of the undertaking empower any person of suitable age and discretion to do it. (MCA, 46-9-205 & 510) UCEANCFree lance bounty hunters banned. The surety may take the principal into custody at any time or place or by written authority on a certified copy of the undertaking request any judicial officer to arrest the principal (NCGS Ch 85C-7) ((Insurance) 58-71-25&30, 1-434) or by written authority on a certified copy of the undertaking empower any person over 21 to do so. Bounty hunters can only work for one bonding company (NCGS 58-71-65)[1996] Bondsmen and runners cannot enter the homes of third parties to apprehend a fugitive. (State v Mathis, 509 S.E.2nd 155 (N.C. 1998)) UCEANDA surety may arrest the defendant before the forfeiture of the undertaking, or by written authority on a certified copy of the undertaking, empower a peace officer to make the arrest. (NDCC( Insurance) 26.1-26.6-07) (29-08-20) (NDR Crim. Proc., Rule 46) UCEANEThe surety may at any time before judgment seize the defendant for surrender to the sheriff of the county in question. (NS 29-906) UCEANHRecovery agents must be trained and certified through a program approved by the Professional Bail Agents of the US, and register with the Secretary of State who will issue proof of registration. Bail agency must have at least $300,000 in liability insurance for recovery activities, and recovery agents acting as independent contractors must have liability of insurance of at least $300,000. A surety or bail fugitive recovery agent must notify local law enforcement of the jurisdiction in which the recovery is to be made. (NRS 597:7-b) UCEAH 657 Prohibits convicted felons from being a recovery agents.NJSurety can make a civil arrest of the defendant but the defendant must have the same rights and protections as if arrested on a criminal charge. The return of the defendant must be made within 20 days after the action is taken by the court against the surety for non appearance of the principal (NJPS 2A:15-47). UCEANMThe surety may at any time apprehend the defendant and return him to the sheriff of the county of jurisdiction along with a certified copy of the order admitting the defendant to bail and a certified copy of the bond. (NMSA 31-3-3) The bondsman’s authority to arrest a principal does not absolve him of criminal responsibility for armed, unauthorized forcible entry into a third party’s residence. (NMSA 31-4-14) UCEANVLicense required. Since 1997, one must use a bail enforcement agent licensed in Nevada for recovery operations (NRS 697 et seq.). Fugitive recovery can also be done by the bail bond agent (even one from out of state) who bonded out the defendant (NRS 178.526). Qualifications for a bail recovery agent license (NRS 697.173) are: be 21 years of age, high school or GED diploma, pass drug test 30 before application, pass a written exam, an exam by a Nevada licensed psychologist or psychiatrist, no felony, moral turpitude, or drug convictions, and 80 hours of training (NRS 697.177). After making an arrest, the bail enforcement agent must notify the local law enforcement agency of the jurisdiction in which the defendant was apprehended of his identity, the identity of the defendant, and where the defendant is being taken to be surrendered. Before forcibly entering an inhabited dwelling, a bail enforcement agent must notify local law enforcement (NRS 697-325). UCEANYAt any time a surety may take a principal into custody at any place in the state and by written authority on a certified copy of the bail bond may empower any person over 20 to do so. (Crim. Proc. Title P, Div, 3, art. 530.80 & 540) UCEAA 1432 (enacted 21 NOV 00)and S 4719 Provide for licensing of bail enforcement.OHThe surety may at anytime or place arrest the defendant or by written authority on a certified copy of the bond empower any person of suitable age and discretion to do so ( ORSA 2713-22) UCEAH 730 provides for the regulation of bail recovery operations. Enacted 05JAN01OKA surety may at any time and place in the state arrest his principal, or by written authority on a certified copy of the undertaking, empower another of suitable age and discretion to do so. (OK S, Title 39.1328 & 1329) (Crim. Proc. 1107). Out of state bounty hunter or bond agent must be accompanied by peace officer or licensed Oklahoma bond agent when seeking to apprehend a fugitive (OK S 1750.14). UCEAH 1786/S 445 Regulates bail recovery agentsORBounty hunters banned. Oregon is another state outlawing commercial bail. Defendant can only be released from custody on conditional release, deposit bond, or his own recognizance (i.e., no surety bonds). Arrest by a private party is regulated by ORS 133.225. In State v Epps, 585 P.2nd 425 (Or. 1978), the Oregon Supreme Court abolished the broad common law rights of bounty hunters and bond agents, and applied the UCEA to bounty hunters seeking to take defendants over state lines. ORS, Title 56, Ch 731 for insurance. UCEAPAThe surety upon receiving a bail piece from the court may apprehend the defendant wherever and whenever found (Rules of Crim. Proc. Ch 4016). A bondsman has a right to pursue and arrest the principal in another state. (Key#80 of Penn Digest 2d CA Pa 1971) UCEARIThe surety at any time can surrender his principal to the court or magistrate of jurisdiction. (RIC 12-13-18) UCEASCFree lance bounty hunters banned. The surety may at any time and place arrest the principal, or by written authority of a certified copy of the undertaking, empower anyone of suitable age and discretion to do so. (South Carolina Code of laws, Civil Remedies and Procedures 15-17-740) ((Insurance) 38-53-50 & 60) UCEA does not apply in South Carolina.SDLicence required. A surety may arrest a defendant who violates the conditions of his release (SDCL 23A-43-29) ((Insurance) 58-22-1 thru 48). A bail runner must be licensed, and have no felony record (SDCL 58-22-12, 58-22-13) must submit fingerprints (58-22-16) and must pass a written examination. A bond agent must notify the state of the runners they employ (SDCL 58-22-27, 58-22-52). Out of state bail agent or runner must notify local law enforcement where he intends to conduct activities, and present evidence of an out of state license. If he has no license, he cannot conduct search and arrest activities. (58-22-51). UCEATNA bounty hunter cannot have a criminal record, must notify the local police of defendant’s location, and present to the police a copy of the warrant, a copy of the bond, and evidence that the bounty hunter has been hired by the bond agent. (TC 40-11-3). The surety may arrest the defendant on a certified copy of the undertaking in any place in the state and by written authority on such a copy empower another to make the arrest (TC 40-11-133) The surety is also entitled to the assistance of the sheriff of any county to make the arrest. The certified copy of the undertaking must be exhibited to the principal upon arrest. (40-11-134) UCEAS 221 Bondsman liable for damage if address is wrong.TXThe surety can apprehend and surrender the accused at any time. (TS 17.16 (282)(330)(318) also the surety can obtain a warrant to arrest the principal which warrant can be acted upon by a peace officer, security officer, or private investigator licensed in Texas (17.19). A judicial warrant is required to arrest with force (TS 17.19 [Vernon 1977]); see Austin v State 541 S.W.2d 162 (Tex. Cr. App. 1976). UCEAH 1848 Only a licensed PI or the bail bond surety can do recovery work.UTLicense required. The surety may arrest the defendant at any time or place in the state. Surrender of the defendant to a peace officer must be accompanied by a duplicate copies of a certified copy of the undertaking. (UC 77-20-8) Bail enforcement agents shall be licensed (53-11-107), be 21 years old, a citizen or legal resident of the US, pass a state background check, complete training, and perform minimum time in the field as an apprentice, a bond agent, or a law enforcement officer. (UC 53-11-108 et seq.). Bail enforcement agents shall identify themselves as such (53-11-122) and not wear law enforcement-like apparel or badges (53-11-121). They shall notify local law enforcement not less than 24 hours before action is taken, when an occupied structure is to entered for arrest, and must carry written documentation as a cause of action (53-11-123). A bond company from outside Utah may hire, under contract, a licensed recovery agent for any needed apprehension within Utah. UCEAVAA surety may at any time arrest his principal and surrender him to the court in question. (Code of Virginia 19.2-149) UCEAH 582/H 2569. Regulates bail fugitive recovery.VTSurety presents a bail piece to a justice of the peace who issues a warrant directing any sheriff or constable in the state to assist the surety in apprehension of the principal. (VS Ch 125, Sec. 3477 and 3484) Also, a surety may arrest and surrender his principal at any time either personally or by agent (Ch 229, Sec. 7562) UCEAWASurety may return defendant to custody. (RCW 10.19.160)Licensing of bail bond agents. (18.185) UCEAH1482. Similar to CA requirements.WIBounty hunters banned. The surety may arrest the principal or by written authority on a certified copy of the bond, empower another to do so. (WS 818.21)(969.14) But WS 969.12 provides that no surety can be compensated for serving as a surety, effectively eliminating the commercial bond market. See Kahn v McCormack, 299 N.W.2nd 279 (Ct. App. 1980)(upholding constitutionality of statute and stating that the purpose of the law is to eliminate the commercial bond industry). UCEAWVLicense required. All “bail bond enforcers” must register with the West Virginia state police. That registration must: (1) identify at least one bail agent for whom the enforcer is authorized to act, (2) include written authorization from that bonding agent, (3) include the enforcer’s certified fingerprints, and (4) include one photograph. To register, an enforcer must be at least 21 years of age, a citizen of the US, and have no felony convictions. A bonding agent can grant an ongoing 2-year authorization to an enforcer who is a West Virginia citizen to seek all defendants for whom the bonding agent acts as surety. The bonding agent otherwise can grant a 60-day authorization to an enforcer, in which case the enforcer must notify the state police of the time and place of any proposed actions, and if the enforcer is not a state resident, he also must notify the police the date he will enter the state. Out of state bounty hunters must abide by the same requirements of in-state (including written authorization from a in-state bail agent). An enforcer is to be considered the legal agent of the bail agent. An enforcer cannot: (1) enter an occupied residential structure (i.e. house or apartment) without the consent of the occupants who are then present, (2) arrest a defendant without written authorization from the bondsman, (3) wear or carry any uniform or badge that implies that the enforcer is a state agent or employee (but “may display identification that indicates his or her status as a bail bond enforcer only”), and (4) must exercise due care to protect the safety of third parties. WV H 4481 (Enacted, April 4, 2000)(WVC 51-10A, 56-3-34)WYThe surety may arrest the principal or by written authority on a certified copy of the bond, empower another to do so. (Rules of Crim. Proc., Rule 46) UCEA