Pao Operations Manual: Fill & Download for Free

NASA Flight Director Wayne Hale answered this question…“During first stage - liftoff to Solid Rocket Booster separation - the shuttle guidance software is operating "open loop." In other words it is essentially following a set of pre-planned actions based more on its velocity than directly on the actual vehicle performance. At SRB separation, the shuttle software transitions from first stage (major mode 102) to second stage (major mode 103).Unlike first stage guidance, second stage guidance is "closed loop." The guidance software attempts to calculate how to fly from where it is to where it wants to go, which is the projected main engine cutoff (MECO) point at a specific altitude, velocity, flight path angle and orbital plane. The software must cycle through a number of times to "converge" on a good solution (think of this process as starting with an estimate, then refining the estimate until the exact value is determined). During each guidance cycle, it recomputes all of the values along with a "miss" error. If the miss error is less than 2 percent of the total value and remains that way for several guidance cycles, the guidance solution is considered good. This is referred to as "converged guidance" and is what the PAO is passing along.In the unlikely event that the miss error does not meet that criteria within the requisite five guidance cycles, the guidance solution is bad ("unconverged guidance"). Unconverged guidance means that the shuttle is flying to the wrong place. For that reason, the crew is trained to manually fly the ascent and all intact ascent aborts. They will take over control from the computers if the guidance does not converge within 10 seconds after the transition to second stage.” [1]This page has more details about the Shuttle guidance, navigation and control events during launch: Mission Events SummarySecond-stage guidance uses a cyclic, closed-loop scheme to calculate the necessary commands to take the vehicle to a specified set of target MECO conditions. These conditions include cutoff velocity, radius from Earth, flight path angle, orbital inclination and longitude of the ascending node. The targeting scheme is called powered explicit guidance 1. Guidance also governs the main engine throttle command so that acceleration does not exceed 3 g's. The predicted time of MECO (TMECO) is calculated and displayed to the crew on the ascent trajectory display. Following SRB separation, it may take the PEG 1 guidance algorithm several cycles to converge and for TMECO to become stable. Forty seconds before MECO, guidance begins targeting only for the desired cutoff velocity, ignoring position constraints.During second-stage ascent, the flight crew monitors the onboard systems to ensure that the major GN&C events occur correctly and on time. These events include closed-loop guidance convergence, 3-g throttling, MECO, ET separation and the negative Z translation following ET separation. To monitor these events, the flight crew uses the dedicated displays-the main engine status lights on panel F7 and the PASS ascent trajectory and the BFS ascent trajectory 2 displays.The crew can monitor guidance convergence by noting if the guidance-computed time of MECO is stabilized on the ascent trajectory display. If not, the crew takes manual control of the vehicle.Footnotes[1] MCC Answer

Interface is one of the important features of Java, it makes possible the reuse of classes even if we define a new class later. (The designer doesn't know your class, but they just match!) The equals() method is not only part of the Object but also part of other interfaces such as Comparator and Comparable. The equals method is commonly used in Collection where from time to time the collection needs to know whether there is a certain object in the collection.Here's the point. When we make up our manual classes, we do not always want to compare them in an "exactly same" manner (that's already possible by using the == operator!) For instance, when we use the String, we expect str1.equals(str2) to be true when both of them are "sometxt", but str1==str2 is not necessarily true. [1] As a new class example, you may define a Complexnumber Class and specify its equals() function to be true only when the two real parts and imaginary parts are same. The == operator just means less when we actually want to "compare" the two Complexnumbers.To sum up, we override the equals() method since when defining our own classes, it is used by both the class itself and other classes. So there is no use when you overload it for no other class recognizes the overloaded version.[1] String may not be a good example since there are some tricks for efficiency, but that's not the topic today so I'm not going to go further on this.

I know you didn't want to discuss weights, but that is the bottom line.Do you live in Dubai or Alaska ?My owners manual specifies 5W-20 or 0W-20 oil. Do I really need to use 5W-20 or 0W-20 oil and why did model year vehicle do not require a 5W-30 oil or a 5w 40 ?5W-20 oil is a lighter viscosity than a 5W-30 oil and therefore has less internal engine frictional losses, or less drag on the crankshaft, pistons and valvetrain, which in turn promotes increased fuel economy. For car manufacturers this is important MPG to meet the best test.There's no significant difference between a 5w-40 and 10w-40 synthetic in terms of cold pumping characteristics, until you get down below -20F. It's completely a non-issue. The 10w-40 is a PAO/Ester based, 100% synthetic oil with a lower pour point (-47F vs -38F), then this 10w-30,In driving when compared to a 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40 or a 0W-30, 0W-40, 0W-50 viscosity motor oil you will never see the diffence in mileage.Engine oils are defined as LLwHH where LL is the lowest temperature at which oil retains is normal viscosity and HH is the highest temperature at which oil retains its viscosityWe run 20W-50 in all older German engines (to the mid-2005s) and they like it much better. That is what they were designed to run in a warmer climate. The lighter weight oil is better for newer engines with tighter tolerances and variable camshaft timing/lift systems that use the oil as a hydraulic fluid on cold morning or climate : 0W–30-0w-40.As long as recommended range is between your selected range (which is here in your case 0–20 is between 0–30) nothing will happen except for you shell out more money on purchasing a better the oil than required .Here is the Mercedes Benz spec 229.5 for similar motor (4) cylinder.You have over 50 different oil manufacturer and (3) different viscosity for the same motor. Mercedes reference is as good for a Suzuki as you can get.If you want you can use the Mobil 5w 50 as in the BMW, Porshe, Benz VolkswagenMercedes-Benz Specifications for Operating Fluidshttp://www.mobil1.co.nz/products/product_5w50.aspxhttps://www.popularmechanics.com...Turbocharged engines run smooth on Mobil 1 | Mobil™ Motor Oilshttps://thewirecutter.com/reviews/best-motor-oil-for-the-average-car/