Lucas County Name Change: Fill & Download for Free

No, you got it all wrong.There was no “realm of Catalonia forming Spain with Castile”. In the Pyrenees there was a Spanish March created by the French as a buffer zone to the Muslims, and in northern Spain there was Asturias which were a bunch of villages surviving the Muslims then expanded into a kingdom.The kingdom of Asturias became the kingdom of León as they expanded south, and it split into Portugal in the west, León in the centre and Castile in the east. Eventually Castile grew more powerful and merged with León, first becoming Castile-León and then just Castile.In the Pyrenees a lot of small counties started to expand south as the Moors lost power the counties in the central Pyrenees formed the kingdom of Aragón, while the counties in the east of the Spanish March remained separate for a longer time. Eventually the Count of Barcelona managed to bring most of those counties under his direct or indirect rule. The Count of Barcelona married to the princess of Aragon and the County of Barcelona now fused with the kingdom of Aragon fully brought the eastern counties under its rule. These eastern counties started to be treated as one political entity within the Aragonese crown and started to be called Catalonia.Eventually Aragon merged with Castile. Catalonia was a confederation of counties within Aragon ruled by a council and the houses of the counts who were subjects of the king of Aragon, it was not a realm doing anything with Castile… the prince of those counts and all the other Aragonese nobles, Ferdinand, married the princess of Castile Isabella, so those counts became subjects of the combined monarch of Castile and Aragon.Ferdinand of Aragon in red and Isabella of Castile in whiteSpain is not Castile and Catalonia, Spain was Castile and Aragon, which included many “realms" other than Catalonia. Now Spain is Spain, no realms, no counts, since 1812 it's a constitution with citizens.This is like saying “when did Pennsylvania conquer Texas and formed the US?” To give you a comparison of your assessment.Why was it called Spain?Because initially Spain was a political project of re-uniting the Roman province into one country, in which Portugal was included and actually was part of for a period of time.By the time Portugal split ways from Castile and Aragon again Spain was the name of the country and the name didn't change because Portugal was out. Castile and Aragon formed a new combined identity which Portugal was initially part of, but the secession of Portugal didn't change the rest of the country. Just like the eastern Roman Empire was still Roman after losing the city of Rome, or like the US would still be the US after losing any of the 13 initial states, like the northern states were called United States during the Civil War, like Germany is still Germany after losing half of its territory including initially territories part of the German identity such as Austria.Obviously the new identity doesn't include Portugal like it did, Spain doesn't mean Iberia since many centuries ago, that's why we have rescued the Greek name Iberia now for everything related to the peninsula, because the Latin one became only defining of Spain after Portugal made itself out. The name Portugal itself is initially 2 Galician counties that seceded and are now the northern end of Portugal.

Yes indeed and so is the whiskey.The House of Bourbon was a French noble house which married to Navarrese royalty in the Pyrenees and to the French royal family too, creating ties with the ruling house of Valois in the late Middle Ages. But the Bourbons ultimately gained the French throne during the Religious Wars of the 16th century as the house of Valois went extinct (by disease or murder), leaving the Bourbons as the strongest claimants.Henri IV of France, first Bourbon king of FranceSimilarly they married repeatedly to the Spanish royals (Spanish Habsburgs at the time) and gained a claim that they used when the Habsburgs ran infertile from inbreeding to gain the Spanish throne.The Spanish had lost the Italian territories in the Succession War to Austria, and regained them during the 18th century, establishing another Bourbon branch from the Spanish Bourbons in southern Italy (Naples) and northern Italy (Parma).Maison de Bourbon, “House of Bourbon" in France, French crown and capetian fleur-de-lisCasa de Borbón, “House of Bourbon" in Spain, Spanish crown and the Anjou red bandCasa di Borbone, in Parma, the same Spanish Bourbons coat of arms plus the oysters and minus the crown because Parma was a DuchyAnyway, the Bourbon dynasty acquired a lot of power and renown among European royalty with their rise to both the Spanish and French thrones in the 18th century, forming the Franco-Spanish block that dominated politics against Britain and Austria during that time through the Family Pacts. Supporting the rise of Prussia against Austria, regaining control of Italy for Spain, or supporting the 13 Colonies against Britain. In this latest case the US named some places for their supporters and that included the name of a County of Bourbon in Kentucky with capital in a town called Paris, from which we get the Bourbon Whiskey. There are other places called Bourbon Something in the US, but those are mostly because Spain did name places after the royal family obviously, for instance Bourbon Street in New Orleans.The name of the British biscuit is simply because the Bourbons had acquired a certain pedigree to their name after the 17th and 18th century. The Bourbon palace of Versailles and Louis XIV of France had become iconic of royalty, and all the power during the 18th century of the Bourbon dynasty had gained the name an aura of regality. The brand decided that it had a good fancy ring for a biscuit, so they changed the name in to “Bourbon” precisely to sound more regal, even though at the time they changed it the only Bourbon left on the throne was Alfonso XIII of Spain.Funeral of Edward VII, all the European kings are in the picture, Alfonso XIII of Spain is the only Bourbon, in red, sitting up front, to the right (our left) of the host George V of the UK in the middle

Historically, France has always felt culturally closer to Spain. Culturally they are closer to Spain to this day and that's fact.For various political reasons plenty of modern French people may feel closer to the UK I guess. Which is not cultural but entirely political, but some people everywhere seem to be driven by the second more than the first.The only exception to this is Brittany which shares a lot more with the UK than Spain indeed (and Alsace and Lorraine which share with neither). But outside of Brittany, France is closer to Spain. And no, it's not just the south, northern France is Catholic, northern France speaks a Latin language, Paris has the same architecture, northern France has the same literature as the south, northern France has art and love for food like the south. Northern France doesn't speak a Germanic language or make fish and chips as a quick way to get over meals, nor there's any love for tea over wine…Britain shares NONE of that with northern France.RELIGIONFrance is Catholic like Spain and unlike Britain. They follow the Roman Catholic Church and hold the Pope as the ultimate religious authority. Also all the implications of being Catholic such as mindset, historical alliances or point of view, not just a name. Protestants are mostly much more anti-institutional and individualistic, Catholics such as France or Spain are more accepting of big institutions. You can see it in modern Spain and France as opposed to Britain or in older absolutist Spain and France as opposed to the weak English crown struggling with the lords.French Catholic Cathedral Sacre CœurSpanish Catholic Cathedral La AlmudenaLATINAnd France, like Spain, is Latin. Not that I say so, they have been claiming that for centuries themselves before Latin became a synonim of infested due to Anglo influence. Napoleon III coined the term Latin America to create ties with Mexico through the common Latin culture shared with Spain. Renaissance and Medieval France proudly claimed their Latinness against northern Europe… Napoleon said Germanics had no history, no culture and no legacy without copying Latins. This France which in the racist rambles of the past took part with Latins always, is now somewhat avoiding the term Latin due to its changing meaning.Nonetheless, culture does not change even when people change the meaning of Latin.Latin cultures value personal bounds over rules and standards, France like Spain display this trait in the culture. With the good part such as a more warm approach in personal realtions or the bad part such as more corruption. This exists in both countries.ARTThe lifestyle and cultural production is also a lot closer to Spain. France and Spain have historically been prolific in art influencing each other's, had parallel literature influencing each other’s and valued food and cuisine in an elaborate manner, not just as pragmatic means to survive. Britain does not share any of these traits, really none.The French have the names of the Spanish Baroque artists carved in the ceiling of the Louvre, there are not British artists to be carved. France has been home to Picasso, a Spanish artist filling their museums.In general the French have historically valued Spanish and Italian culture because of the artistic output. I think most French people could tell you this.Spanish artist Pablo Ruiz Picasso in FranceThe best French art museum and one of he best 3 in the world Le LouvreThe best Spanish art museum and another one of the top 3 in the world El PradoFOODFrance takes pride in wine, bread and cheese; like every Latin culture including Spain. In fact France is part of “wine Europe”, Britain is “beer Europe”. Much of france also uses olive oil for cooking like Mediterraneans, evidently Spain too since it is the largest producer of olive oil. Frabce and Spain are the 2 largest producers of wine in Europe and with Italy in the middle also the ones with the most highly valued wine.— Southern France is even closer to Spain, it has Spanish traditions such as bullfighting and Spanish style ferias.French dessert crêpesSpanish dessert churrosFrench wineSpanish wineFrench bullfightingNîmes bullring in France (Roman gladiators' amphitheatre)Spanish bullfightingLas Ventas bullring in SpainARCHITECTUREArchitecture is another one, the French Art Nouveau which goes from the Eiffel Tower to much of Paris’ constructions has the Spanish equivalent in Modernismo which is the entire style of the city of Barcelona and the style of the Sagrada Familia Cathedral. Spain's and France's most iconic landmarks have twinned architectural styles. And the other dominant style in Paris, Neoclasicism, is actually the dominant style in Madrid.French Art NouveauSpanish ModernismoEiffel TowerSagrada FamiliaLITERATURELiterature too. Both France and Spain speak Romance languages derived from Latin as a start. During the Middle Ages the 3 countries produced the 3 main epic poems of European literature (King Arthur, Roland's Song and El Cid's Song). The difference is while King Arthur's story is totally apart in Britain, Roland's and El Cid's are connected. Roland’s Song takes place in the Pyrenees, southern France and northern Spain fighting the Moors, El Cid takes place in all of Spain, especially Castile and Valencia fighting the Moors too. During the Renaissance both Spain and France copy Italy without any holding back to a much greater extent than any other pair of European countries. And when they stop copying Italy is to copy Spain during the Baroque with Don Quixote turned into a French operette, or Don Juan re-made by French writers as Le Burleur de Seville (The Player of Seville). But the extent of Spanish influence in French literature during this period goes beyond that, the most popular genre in Spain chivalry novels with Amadís de Gaula or Don Quixote itself became the most popular in France too giving birth to none other that the famous The Three Musketeers with strong Spanish influences.The Three MusketeersDon QuixoteWhen the Spanish Golden Age faded out, France entered the Enlightenment and the influence reversed in Spain was huge. It's true during this time France influenced the UK a lot as well, but not as much. Spain’s literature embraced the French ideals with plays such as El Sí de Las Niñas (The Yes of Girls) which was political and pretty obvious what it was about, it got banned several times or the ideals it defended that young girls could decide who they love over old powerful men. Other works were mostly academic essays on literature and history copying the French didactic style. José Cadalso with Cartas Marruecas (Moroccan Letters) in which a young Spanish boy named Nuño discuss the history of Spain with a Moroccan man comparing perspectives.After that come the Napoleonic wars and the best literature becomes British as Britain beomes the main power.HISTORYWhich leads me to the shared history between France and Spain.Both were largely Romanised unlike Britain, southern France and southern Spain were ruled directly by the Senate in Rome, Spain had the status of Latin legally in the Roman Empire since Vespasian’s Edict of Latinity for Spain, recognising Spain's “Latinity” legally giving all Spaniards the right to become magistrates, Roman citizens and take public offices in the empire. Much of France enjoyed this status as well although not to the extent of Spain. This contrasts with Roman Britain drastically, where Romans were mostly a force of occupation with an army and politicians ruling over a detached popular class from the empire.When Rome fell France and Spain became part of the Visigothic Kingdom until the Franks pushed them south.During the Middle Ages, France along with Spain were the 2 countries that stopped the Moors in Poitiers and Covadonga. Afrer that France founded the Spanish March a group of counties part of France on the Spanish side of the Pyrenees. These group of French counties later became Aragon, one of the 2 founding kingdoms of Spain.France tried to take control of Italy during the late Middle Ages, and they fought hard with Aragon which tried he same, Castile was ome of France’s closest allies in Europe in contrast. When Aragon merge with Castile into Spain, the power of Spain over Italy and Europe was taken to a new level and France had crude constant conflicts specially in Italy but also all over Europe with Spain.France was a Catholic power like Spain during the religious wars even if both were enemies in Italy.Historically France influenced Britain by taking over and fighting it, the relation was not remotely similar to that with Spain. France and Spain competed for the favour of the Vatican as the 2 main Catholic powers.When Hasburg Spain collapsed Castile supported the French Bourbons for Spain, and they won the War of Succession. France and Spain had cousins in each throne and they signed the Family Pacts by which Spain and France became a single Franco-Spanish block in Europe under the Bourbon family, defending each other's interests against all others. For example France supported Spain in making Britain give back Florida to Spain, France took Spain into several wars with Britain and ultimately gave Lousiana as a gift to Spain for the support, when France lost the 7 years war, Spain issued a decree welcoming the French expelled by the British from Canada into Spain's colonies, many French Canadians moved to Spain and even adopted a mix if the French and Spanish flags, Acadians in Louisiana today (those white French speakers to the north of New Orleans) were French Canadians settling in Spanish Louisiana just acquiered as a gift from France. Spain supported France joining the war in the 13 colonies against Britain.French Bourbons’ Imperial Coat of ArmsSpanish Bourbons' Imperial Coat of ArmsLouis XIV of France (Bourbon)Carlos III of Spain (Bourbon)The French in the 13 coloniesThe Spanish in the 13 coloniesWhen the French Revolution ended the Bourbon alliance and Napoleon got to power, Napoleon had every intention of keeping Spain next to France, first Napleon found a way to do it with the Spanish minister Godoy against the king himself. But when Godoy started to fall after the Spanish-French loss in Trafalgar, Napoleon decided to end it: he outsmarted the king and substituted the Bourbons in Spain with the Bonapartes. Napoleon re-made the Spanish-French alliance replacing the Bourbons in both countries with himself Napoleon I in France and his brother José I in Spain.José I of Spain’s coat of armsThe Spaniards revolted and made José I Bonaparte flee back to France. But even then a lot of Spaniards called afrancesados have since supported an alliance with France.Napoléon I of France (Bonaparte)José I of Spain (Bonaparte)And that would set the tone for the next 2 centuries, Spain lost the empire while France did not but Spain remained next to France. Supporting the French in Mexico at first, until Spain took sides with Mexico ultimately against France. When France was colonising Africa, Britain managed to impose hat France should not have control of northern Morocco, so France decided to give northern Morocco to Spain in the partition to avoid hostile Britain got it. During the 2nd Republic the French government was the first invited to Spain and with an all out pomp ceremony in Madrid to show the support for France in Spain.The Spanish in MoroccoThe French in Morocco(Read above “The Spanish in Morocco” on a French newspaper front page)Spanish general in MoroccoFrench general in MoroccoThis attitude from Spain came to an end when France did not enter war to support the Spanish republic against Hitler and limitted themselves to sending volunteer brigades.After Franco reached power though, France became the main receiver of Spanish refugees. The former French prime minister was descended from Spaniards and the mayor of Paris is also descended from Spaniards, there are Spaniards in French cinema such as Jean Reno or even pop music. This is due to the exodus after the Civil War.Some French people of Spanish descent, you can find a lot more on WikipediaManuel Valls former French prime ministerAnne Hidalgo mayor of ParisLucas Hernández football player for FranceJean Reno French actorLouis de Funès French actorHow they feel, I can't tell you. I've encountered both groups on Quora. What I can tell you is what they have been historically.