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Some Israelis refer to the Palestinians as Arabs because they have an aversion to the word “Palestinian” and insist that it is a made up word which never existed in the history of the world. Let us examine this claim.The word “Arab,” like the word “Slav” or “Germanic” refers to many ethnic groups. A Russian is a Slav but not a Pole, a Serb is a Slav, but not a Croat, an Austrian is Germanic, but not German, a Norwegian is Scandinavian, but not Danish. No Croat, Montenegrin, Serb, Slovene or Macedonian wants to be called simply “Yugoslav,” they are all indeed Southern but each has a distinct identity. No one is calling Melania Trump a simple “Slav” but a “Slovene.”There were no Belgians until 1830, when their nation was officially formed. There were no Moldovans until 1991, when their nation was recognized by the UN. There were no Australians until a group of British immigrants took the continent away from the aborigines and invented a Latin name for it. So why are Palestinians denied the right to use a name which they have decided defines their identity? Tell my brother-in-law from Ramallah that he is an Arab, he will agree that he is a Palestinian Arab, but he rightfully calls himself Palestinian first and foremost and the word Palestine is written as his place of birth on his passport. Sami is not Egyptian, Iraqi, Lybian, Lebanese, Syrian, Jordanian. Sami does not understand Egyptian Arabic well at all, nor Algerian Arabic, Tunisian Arabic, Iraqi Arabic, although the Lebanese and Syrian Arabic languages are closer to Palestinian Arabic.According to Wikipedia: “Palestinian Arabic is a Southern Levantine Arabic dialect, spoken by most Palestinians in Palestine and Israel and in the Palestinian diaspora populations. Together with Jordanian Arabic, it has the ISO 639-3 language code "ajp", known as South Levantine Arabic. Further dialects can be distinguished within Palestine, such as spoken in the northern West Bank, that spoken by Palestinians in the Hebron area, which is similar to Arabic spoken by descendants of Palestinian refugees living in Jordan and south-western Syria.”Manual of Palestinean Arabic, for self-instruction 1909:And the reason for why Palestinians are not “simply Arabs” is that when the Arabs conquered Palestine in 635, they did not kill off the entire population and replace every single one with Arabs from the Arabian peninsula. They stationed a number of Arabs to rule, installed some settlers and eventually Arabic mixed with the native Aramaic became the dominant language, although there are still some Aramaic speakers who use the lingua franca of the Judaeans of more than 2000 years ago, since Hebrew fell into disuse as a spoken language several centuries before then, replaced by Aramaic and koine Greek, spoken by the Hellenised Jews, as witnessed notably by the request of the Alexandrian Jews to have the scriptures translated into koine Greek circa the 3rd century BC as they no longer spoke or read Hebrew.The first mention of Arabs is from the mid-ninth century BC as a people in eastern and southern Syria and the north of the Arabian Peninsula. The earliest documented use of the word "Arab" to refer to a people appears in the Kurkh Monoliths, an Akkadian language record of the ninth century BC Assyrian conquest of Aram, which referred to Bedouins of the Arabian Peninsula under Kin Gindibu ("Gi-in-di-bu'u the ar-ba-a-a"), who fought as part of a coalition opposed to AssyriaThe Arabs appear to have been under the vassalage of the Neo-Assyrian (911–612 BC), and the succeeding Neo-Babylonian (626–539 BC), Achaemenid (539–332 BC), Seleucid and Parthian empires. Arab tribes, most notably the Ghassanids and Lakhmids, begin to appear in the southern Syrian Desert from the mid 3rd century AD onward, during the mid to later stages of the Roman and Sasanian empires.The oldest surviving indication of an Arab national identity is an inscription made in an archaic form of Arabic in AD 328 using the Nabataean alphabet, which refers to Imru’al- Qays ibn ‘Amr as "King of all the Arabs." The Arabs known as Nabataeans are famous for having built the fabulous city of Petra, now in modern-day Jordan, and for the beautiful Byzantine style churches in the Negev desert. They were among the earliest converts to Christianity and lost their identity under the Byzantine rule in Palestine, blending into the population along with all the other ancient inhabitants of the land. King Herod the Great’s mother was a Nabataean Arab princess, Cypris, and his father was an Idumaean.Then there is Philip the Arab, Philippus Arabus, also known as Philip I), Roman Emperor from February 244 to September 249. He was born in Arabia Petraea, the Roman province of Arabia, in a city situated in modern-day Syria.Before the expansion of the Rashidun Caliphate (AD 632–661), "Arab" referred to any of the largely nomadic and settled Semitic peoples from the Arabian Peninsula, Syrian Desert and North and Lower Mesopotamia. Today, "Arab" refers to a large number of people whose native regions form the Arab world due to the spread of Arabs and the Arabic language throughout the region during the Muslim conquests of the 7th and 8th centuries and the subsequent Arabisation of indigenous populations, as in the case of Palestine.In 1927, the historian Delacy O'Leary wrote in Arabia Before Muhammad:The majority of the present Palestinian peasants are descendants of those who preceded the Israelites.American scholar Charles D. Matthews expressed the matter most clearly in his Palestine, Muhammedan Holy Land (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1946, p. xxx): “Because the view is often held and expressed by sincere people that the ‘Arabs are mere interlopers in Palestine’ and ought to give way to the ‘return’ of the rightful and historic ‘owners’ of the land of the Bible, a further word may be said regarding the ethnology of the land. The simple fact is that the majority of the ‘Arab’ people of Palestine are not descendants of those ‘new arrivals’ who intruded with the Islamic-Arab conquest in the seventh century. The majority of the native Palestinians, both Christian and Moslem Arabs, are of a mixed race whose connection with the land reaches back into very early history. There is a natural tendency for history to be simplified by the concept that all Moslems of the conquered lands came in, and assumed control, from the outside: and it is an understandable fancy for most of the Moslem population to believe that their ancestors were of the conquering race. Of course, considerable numbers of real Arabs from Arabia did settle in the new possessions, and there are in the voluminous general and local histories of history-minded Islamic-peoples' records of such settlements. But the conquerors and settlers who followed in the wake of military success and political control were only a small minority compared to the masses of the continuing, historic population. The designation ‘Arab’ was gradually accepted by the majority along with the new religion, and the Arabic language was adopted by all. The change in religion was, in most cases, voluntary, for the sake of preferment and advantage, to escape the higher taxes on non-Moslems, and in a natural process of following the predominant environmental influence and practice. The simplicity and the virility of the new faith, in contrast with the often violent theological controversies over complex philosophical-religious doctrines of Christianity, also had their influence. Therefore, the ‘Arabs’ of Palestine are the historic people of the land, and the country has always been theirs.Herodotus, who introduced the toponym Παλαιστίνη (Palaistinē) to the Greeks, defines Palestine thusly:This part of Syria, together with the country which extends southward to Egypt, is all known as Palestine. (VII.89)Herodotus writes at length about the Arabs who inhabit the Sinai, southern Palestine and the frankincense region (Southern Arabia). It is apparent that there were always Arabs living in the region known as Palestine. Herodotus, who travelled extensively in the region, does not mention Jews or Judaea.The Greeks thereafter used it in their writings, as did Aristotle in the Meteorology, mentioning… a lake in Palestine, such that if you bind a man or beast and throw it in it floats and does not sink…They say that this lake is so bitter and salt that no fish live in it and that if you soak clothes in it and shake them it cleans them. (II.3 ).According to Isidore Singer and Cyrus Adler (1925) in The Jewish encyclopedia: a descriptive record of the history, religion, literature, and customs of the Jewish people from the earliest times to the present day. Funk and Wagnalls The Jewish encyclopedia |url= missing title.:As early as Herodotus, who is followed by other classical writers, as Ptolemy and Pliny, the phrase Συρίε ἡ Παλαιστίνη (Syrian Palestine, Palestine of Syria) denotes both the littoral and the neighboring inland region (Judea and Palestine), as well as the entire interior as far as the Arabian desert.Arabs are also mentioned among those present in Jerusalem at the time of the Pentecost, when the apostles began preaching to the crowds: Acts 2:9-11 -Parthians and Medes and Elamites, those dwelling in Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya adjoining Cyrene, visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes, Cretans and Arabs, we hear them speaking in our own tongues the wonderful works of God.The Romans, who imitated the Greeks in many ways, adopted from them the name Παλαιστίνη as Palaestina, which is why the intial ‘p-’ toponym is used in the West. Writers like Ovid mention Palestine and Palestinians, as in the Metamorphoses circa 8BC: Book 4, 44–46:…cogitat et dubia est, de te, Babylonia, narret, Derceti, quam versa squamis velantibus artus stagna Palaestini credunt motasse figura” "...Dercetis of Babylon, who, as the Palestinians believe, changed to a fish.In another line, Ovid writes: Book V, 144–145:occidit et Celadon Mendesius, occidit Astreus matre Palaestina dubio genitore creatus. "There fell also Mendesian Celadon; Astreus, too, whose mother was a Palestinian, and his father unknown."When Hadrian merged the provinces of Judaea of Syria in 135, he used the terminology from Herodotus, naming the region Syria Palaestina. The accounts of his having chosen the name purposely to somehow punish the Jews are purely apocryphal, spread about by writers who loathed Hadrian with a passion. Hadrian could not have cared less about what the Jews thought of the name change. David Jacobson notes:Hadrian officially renamed Judea Syria Palaestina after his Roman armies suppressed the Bar-Kokhba Revolt… this is commonly viewed as a move intended to sever the connection of the Jews to their historical homeland. However, that Jewish writers such as Philo, in particular, and Josephus, who flourished while Judea was still formally in existence, used the name Palestine for the Land of Israel in their Greek works, suggests that this interpretation of history is mistaken. Hadrian’s choice of Syria Palaestina may be more correctly seen as a rationalization of the name of the new province, in accordance with its area being far larger than geographical Judea. (Jacobson, David (2001), "When Palestine Meant Israel," Biblical Archaeology Review, 27(3), archived from the original on 2011-07-25, pp. 44–45).Zachary Foster in his Princeton doctoral dissertation wrote that:Most scholars believe the Roman Emperor Hadrian changed the provincial administrative name of Judaea to Palestine to erase the Jewish presence in the land," opining that "it’s equally likely the name change had little to do with Jew hatred and more to do with Hadrian’s romance with ancient Greece.He adds that there is a:paucity of direct evidence around who made the change, when and under what circumstances and that it may be that Hadrian did not “rename” the country but simply called the place what it was called. (Foster, Zachary (November 2017). "Southern Syria". The Invention of Palestine (thesis). Princeton University. pp. 95–110. ISBN9780355480238. Docket 10634618. Retrieved 9 February 2018.)After the Romans, the Byzantines continued to call the area Palaestina. It is recorded that circa 390 Palaestina was organised into three administrative units: Palaestina Prima, Secunda, and Tertia (First, Second, and Third Palestine), part of the Diocese of the East. The name was also used by Jewish writers, such as Leviticus Rabbah (parasha 5, verse 3), who proposes that:Gath of the Philistines is the same as the "(hills or forts) of Palestine" (תלוליא דפלסטיני).The Arabs always used the name Falastin as a provincial division. The traveller and geograpaher Estakhri (951–978) wrote in Traditions of Countries:The provinces of Syria are Jund Filastin, and Jund al Urdunn, Jund Dimaskh, Jund Hims, and Jund Kinnasrin.... Filastin is the westernmost of the provinces of Syria... its greatest length from Rafah to the boundary of Lajjun... its breadth from Jaffa to Jericho.... Filastin is the most fertile of the Syrian provinces.... Its trees and its ploughed lands do not need artificial irrigation.In 1225, Yaqut al-Hamawi, Dictionary of Geographie wrote:Filastin is the last of the provinces of Syria towards Egypt. Its capital is Jerusalem. Of the principal towns are Ashkelon, Ramle, Gaza, Arsuf, Caesarea, Nablus, Jericho, Amman, Jaffa and Beit Jibrin (both quotes from Le Strange, Guy (1890). Palestine Under the Moslems from AD 650 to 1500, Translated from the Works of the Medieval Arab Geographers. Palestine Exploration Fund).Early maps illustrate the use of the word Falastin, as in the one created by the Arab geographer Muhammad al-Idrisi in 1154. It is known in Latin as the Tabula Rogeriana (the Map of Roger) since Al-Idrisi worked on the commentaries and illustrations of the map for fifteen years at the court of the Norman King Roger II of Sicly, who commissioned the work around 1138.Tabula Rogeriana, showing "Filistin" in Arabic in the middle of the right hand page:A quotation from c. 1000 indicates that, contrary to what many wishful thinkers say, the word “Palestinian” was used long before the 20th century, when it was supposedly “invented”:Suda encyclopedic lexicon: "Παλαιστίνη: ὄνομα χώρας. καὶ Παλαιστι̂νος, ὁ ἀπὸ Παλαιστίνης." / "Palestine: Name of a country Also [sc. attested is] Palestinian, a man from Palestine.” ("Suda on line". stoa.org. Retrieved 2018-06-12. TLG as Theodoret on Psalm 60.3 LXX (PG 80.1324d). See on this Theodoridis' Photius edition, vol.II p.LXXXII.)The Ottoman Turks continued to use the “f” word. The Cedid Atlas, printed and published in 1803 in Constantinople, records the name “land of filastan,” ارض فلاستان.When will detractors of Palestinians stop referring to these people as “plain old Arabs” when they are not only Arabs but also have their own distinct identity which was not allowed to emerge during the centuries of occupation? The name was always there, including the ethnonym, used by the Arab conquerors since 635, who called the province “Jund Falastin.” Farid Georges Kassab, a Beirut-based Orthodox Christian, referred to the Arabic speakers of Palestine as Palestinians in his 1909 book Palestine, Hellenism, and Clericalism. The name of the newspaper founded in Jaffa in 1911 by Issa El-Issa was named “Falastin” and the editor referred to his readers as Palestinians (in Arabic, of course, Falastin). Issa El-Issa, a graduate of the American University of Beirut, worked in several places before establishing Falastin. He came from a Palestinian family known for its 'intellect, politics and literature.'Many Palestinian Arabs were agonising over the impending doom which the British had formulated for them, without their consent, in the Balfour Declaration. Issa al-Issa wrote a letter to Amin ‘Abd al Hadi, secretary of the military governor:I grew nervous and angry and told myself they are compromising over Palestine. The Zionists will cut it off from the body of Arab lands… Amin ‘Abd al-Hadi, you are the Secretary of the Military Governor…I ask you to take this to him and express my concern. I am Palestinian, you are Palestinian, and Palestine is dear to both of us. I serve this Arab government in order to work to save Palestine, and I think you feel the same way.” (Printing Class: ‘Isa Al-Isa, Filastin and the Textual Constitution of National Identity,” 1911–1931 R. Michael Bracy).Working under the censorship of the Ottoman Empire and the British Mandate, Falastin was suspended from publication over 20 times. In 1914, Falastin was suspended by Ottoman authorities, once for criticism of the Mutasarrif (November 1913) and once for what British authorities summarized asa fulminating and vague threat that when the eyes of the nation were opened to the peril towards which it was drifting it would rise like a roaring flood and a consuming fire and there would be trouble in [store] for the Zionists.Following the first suspension in 1914, Falastin issued a circular responding to the government charges that they weresowing discord between the elements of the [Ottoman] Empire," which stated that "Zionist" was not the same as "Jew" and described the former as "a political party whose aim is to restore Palestine to their nation and concentrate them in it, and to keep it exclusively for them.The newspaper was supported by Muslim and Christian notables, and a judge annulled the suspension on grounds of freedom of the press.After the newspaper was allowed to be republished, Issa El-Issa wrote in an editorial that:the Zionists still look at this newspaper with suspicion and consider it the greatest stumbling block that hinders their goals and informs people of their aspirations and what is discussed at their Congresses and what their leaders declare and their newspapers and magazines publish.Defending himself in the Ottoman court, he recounted saying:when we said 'Zionists' we referred to the political organisation with its headquarters in Europe which aims for the colonisation of Palestine, the usurpation of its lands and its transformation into a Jewish homeland.He emphasized his positive attitude towards Jews whom he had called "brothers;" the court identified with Issa and Yousef's arguments, the latter having testified in favor of his cousin Issa. The Al-Karmil newspaper reported that the crowds waiting inside and outside the courtroom erupted in applause after the verdict was pronounced:signs of anger appeared on the faces of the Zionists much as signs of joy were visible on the faces of the natives.The French Consulate reported that jubilant crowds had carried the editors on their shoulders after the trial had finished.Open letter by Issa El-Issa to Herbert Samuelin lin 1922:Prominent Palestinian Jerusalemite Ruhi al-Khalidi, nephew of Yousef al-Khalidi, who was mayor of Jerusalem from 1899 to 1907, wrote an article for the newspaper Falastin June 1913 entitled The Palestinian Race, "arguing that Zionists were attempting to create an exclusionary society in Palestine." He warned that Zionist activity and intensive settlement would inevitably lead to the expulsion of the Arab natives from their ancestral homeland. He addressed himself directly to the Zionists, writing the following in their Hebrew language paper Ha-Zvi:We owe you nothing. We captured this land from the Byzantines and not from you.Although not a nationalist, he warned of the Zionists’ plans to create their own state with goals that would be detrimental to the Ottoman Empire and to all the people of the area as a whole.Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi (1864 - 1913)Both the Ottomans and the colonial British were determined to squelch the flames of Palestinian nationalism, which the British did most brutally. Anyone who spoke up for Palestinian identity and some form of justice for the native peoples was silenced, ignored and, in some cases, assassinated.The period of Zionist political violence started on June 30, 1924, and continued on a sporadic basis until September 17, 1948, claiming the lives of innocent civilian Arabs in several horrific massacres.Specifically condemned was the participation of the Irgun in the Deri Yassin massacre:terrorist bands attacked this peaceful village, which was not a military objective in the fighting, killed most of its inhabitants – 240 (later determined by independent researchers to more likely be 107) men, women and children – and kept a few of them alive to parade as captives through the streets of Jerusalem.The Haganah carried out violent attacks in Palestine, such as the liberation of interned immigrants from the Atlit camp, the bombing of the country's railroad network, sabotage raids on radar installations and bases of the British Palestine police. It also continued to organize illegal immigration.June 30, 1924. Dutch Jew Jacob Israël de Haan was assassinated by Avraham Tehomion the orders of Haganah leader Yitzhak Ben-Zvi for his anti-Zionist political activities and contacts with Arab leaders.1937–1939 The Irgun conducted a campaign of violence against Palestinian Arab civilians resulting in the deaths of at least 250.November 6, 1944: Two Lehi operatives, Eliyahu Bet-Zuri and Eliyahu Hakim, assassinated British minister Lord Moyne in Cairo, Egypt. The action was condemned by the Yishuv at the time, but the bodies of the assassins were brought home from Egypt in 1975 to a state funeral and burial on Mount Herzl. Streets named after Hakim are located in all Israeli main cities: French Carmel neighborhood of Haifa, Northern Tel-Aviv, Jerusalem and Be'er Sheba.Why was Lord Moyne assassinated? For wording sentiments such as this:It must surely have a deplorable effect upon our Allies to be told by an ex-Cabinet Minister that the Palestine Administration do not like Jews, and that there are enough anti-Semites in Great Britain to back up the Hitler policy and spirit. This suggestion is a complete reversal of the truth. If a comparison is to be made with the Nazis, it is surely those who wish to force an imported régime upon the Arab population who are guilty of the spirit of aggression and domination. Lord Wedgwood's proposal that Arabs should be subjugated by force to a Jewish régime is inconsistent with the Atlantic Charter, and that ought to be told to America. The second principle of that Charter lays down that the United States and ourselves desire to see no territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned; and the third principle lays down that they respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of Government under which they will live. (Josiah Wedgwood, 1st Baron Wedgwood [9 June 1942]. "Recruitment of Jews". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). United Kingdom: House of Lords. col. 208.)By speaking out for justice, Lord Moyne doomed himself to a death carried out by vile, cowardly fanatics hungry to steal land from the natives of Palestine.July 26, 1946: The bombing of British administrative headquarters at the King David Hotel, killing 91 people — 28 British, 41 Arab, 17 Jewish, and 5 others. Around 45 people were injured. In the literature about the practice and history of terrorism, it has been called one of the most lethal terrorist attacks of the 20th century.July 25, 1947: The Sergeants affair: When death sentences were passed on two Irgun members, the Irgun kidnapped Sgt. Clifford Martin and Sgt. Mervyn Paice and threatened to kill them in retaliation if the sentences were carried out. When the threat was ignored, the hostages were killed. Afterwards, their bodies were taken to an orange grove and left hanging by the neck from trees. An improvised explosive device was set. This went off when one of the bodies was cut down, seriously wounding a British officer.September 17, 1948: Lehi assassination of the United Nations mediator Folke Bernadotte, whom Lehi accused of a pro-Arab stance during the cease-fire negotiations.December 1947 – March 1948: Numerous attacks on Palestinian Arabs in the context of civil war after the vote of the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine.What chance did the unarmed natives have? The perfidious British left the entire mess which they had initiated by offering a second party, who had no connections to the piece of property, a piece of property which the British did not own and which was already inhabited by a third party. The native Palestinians were doomed.The Zionists won. Now they can mock, pity or ignore the Palestinians, as all winners can, they can tell the Palestinians that they are not a people, not a nation, just a bunch of “ordinary Arabs.” They can hope that the “so-called Palestinians” will all disappear, move to Iraq, Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, Saudi Arabia (even the Christians?), Yemen, hell, they are all Arabs after all, no difference.

Rather than try an inept answer myself I'll post the answer from George Friedman of Stratfor:"U.S. Presidential Elections in Perspective is republished with permission of Stratfor."Read more: U.S. Presidential Elections in Perspective | StratforU.S. Presidential Elections in PerspectiveU.S. Presidential Elections in PerspectiveThe U.S. presidential election will be held a week from today, and if the polls are correct, the outcome will be extraordinarily close. Many say that the country has never been as deeply divided. In discussing the debates last week, I noted how this year's campaign is far from the most bitter and vitriolic. It might therefore be useful also to consider that while the electorate at the moment appears evenly and deeply divided, unlike what many say, that does not reveal deep divisions in our society -- unless our society has always been deeply divided.Since 1820, the last year an uncontested election was held, most presidential elections have been extremely close. Lyndon B. Johnson received the largest percentage of votes any president has ever had in 1964, taking 61.5 percent of the vote. Three other presidents broke the 60 percent mark: Warren G. Harding in 1920, Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936 and Richard Nixon in 1972.Nine elections saw a candidate win between 55 and 60 percent of the vote: Andrew Jackson, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, Theodore Roosevelt, Herbert Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower and Ronald Reagan. Only Eisenhower broke 55 percent twice. Candidates who received less than 50 percent of the vote won 18 presidential elections. These included Lincoln in his first election, Woodrow Wilson in both elections, Harry Truman, John F. Kennedy, Nixon in his first election and Bill Clinton in both his elections.From 1824 to 2008, 13 elections ended in someone obtaining more than 55 percent but never more than 61 percent of the vote. Eighteen elections ended with the president receiving less than 50 percent of the vote. The remaining 16 elections ended with the winner receiving between 50-55 percent of the vote, in many cases barely above 50 percent -- meaning almost half the country voted for someone else. The United States not only always has had deeply divided elections, but in many cases, minority presidents. Interestingly, of the four presidents who won more than 60 percent of the vote, three are not remembered favorably: Harding, Johnson and Nixon.Three observations follow. First, for almost 200 years the electoral process has consistently produced a division in the country never greater than 60-40 and heavily tending toward a much narrower margin. Second, when third parties had a significant impact on the election, winners won five times with 45 percent of the vote or less. Third, in 26 U.S. presidential elections, the winner received less than 52 percent of the vote.Even in the most one-sided elections, nearly 40 percent of voters voted against the winner. The most popular presidents still had 40 percent of votes cast against them. All other elections took place with more than 40 percent opposition. The consistency here is striking. Even in the most extreme cases of national crisis and a weak opponent, it was impossible to rise above just over 60 percent. The built-in opposition of 40 percent, regardless of circumstances or party, has therefore persisted for almost two centuries. But except in the case of the 1860 election, the deep division did not lead to a threat to the regime. On the contrary, the regime has flourished -- again, 1860 excepted -- in spite of these persistent divisions.The Politically IndifferentWhy then is the United States so deeply and persistently divided and why does this division rarely lead to unrest, let alone regime change? Let us consider this seeming paradox in light of another fact, namely, that a substantial portion of the electorate doesn't vote at all. This fact frequently is noted, usually as a sign of a decline in civic virtue. But let's look at it another way.First, let's think of it logistically. The United States is one of the few countries that has not made Election Day a national holiday or held its presidential elections on a weekend. That means that there is work and school on Election Day in the United States. In the face of the tasks of getting the kids off to school, getting to work, picking up the kids on the way home -- all while fighting traffic -- and then getting dinner on the table, the urgency of exercising the franchise pales. It should therefore be no surprise that older people are more likely to vote.Low voter turnout could also indicate alienation from the system. But alienation sufficient to explain low voter turnout should have generated more unrest over two centuries. When genuine alienation was present, as in 1860, voter turnout rose and violence followed. Other than that, unrest hasn't followed presidential elections. To me, that so many people don't vote does not indicate widespread alienation as much as indifference: The outcome of the election is simply less important to many than picking up the kids from piano lessons.It is equally plausible that low voter turnout indicates voter satisfaction with both candidates. Some have noted that Barack Obama and Mitt Romney sound less different than they portray themselves as being. Some voters might figure there is not much difference between the two and that they can therefore live with either in office.Another explanation is that some voters feel indifferent to the president and politics in general. They don't abstain because they are alienated from the system but because they understand the system as being designed such that outcomes don't matter. The Founding Fathers' constitutional system leaves the president remarkably weak. In light of this, while politically attentive people might care who is elected, the politically indifferent might have a much shrewder evaluation of the nature of the presidency.The Role of IdeologuesThe United States always has had ideologues who have viewed political parties as vehicles for expressing ideologies and reshaping the country. While the ideologies have changed since Federalists faced off against Democratic-Republicans, an ideological divide always has separated the two main parties. At the same time, the ranks of the true ideologues -- those who would prefer to lose elections to winning with a platform that ran counter to their principles -- were relatively sparse. The majority of any party was never as ideologically committed as the ideologues. A Whig might have thought of himself as a member of the Whig Party when he thought of himself in political terms at all, but most of the time he did not think of himself as political. Politics were marginal to his identity, and while he might tend to vote Whig, as one moved to less committed elements of the party, Whigs could easily switch sides.The four elections in which presidents received 60 percent or more were all ideological and occurred at times of crisis: Johnson in 1964 defeated Barry Goldwater, a highly ideological candidate, in the aftermath of the Kennedy assassination; Roosevelt defeated Alf Landon, an anti-Roosevelt ideologue, during the depths of the Depression; Nixon defeated George McGovern, an anti-war ideologue, during the era of the Vietnam War and the anti-war challenge; and Warren G. Harding won in the wake of World War I and the latter debacles of the Wilson administration and its ideology.Crisis tends to create the most extreme expressions of hostility to a challenging ideology and creates the broadest coalition possible, 60 percent. Meanwhile, 40 percent remain in opposition to the majority under any circumstances. To put it somewhat differently -- and now we get to the most significant point -- about 40 percent of the voting public cannot be persuaded to shift from their party under any circumstances, while about 20 percent are either persuadable or represent an unrooted voter who shifts from election to election.The 60-40 break occurs rarely, when the ideological bent rallies the core and the national crisis allows one party to attract a larger block than normal to halt the less popular ideology. But this is the extreme of American politics; the normal election is much narrower.This is because the ideologues in the parties fail to draw in the center. The weaker party members remain in their party's orbit and the 20 percent undecided distribute themselves fairly randomly, depending on their degree of indifference, so that the final vote depends on no more than a few percentage points shifting one way or another.This is not a sign of massive divisions. Whereas the 60-40 elections are the moments of deepest political tension in which one side draws the center to it almost unanimously, in other elections -- particularly the large number in which the winner receives less that 55 percent of the vote (meaning that a 5 percent shift would change the outcome) -- the election is an election of relative indifference.This is certainly not how ideologues view the election. For them, it is a struggle between light and darkness. Nor is it how the media and commentators view it. For them, it is always an election full of meaning. In reality, most elections are little remembered and decide little. Seemingly apocalyptic struggles that produce narrow margins do not represent a deeply divided country. The electoral division doesn't translate into passion for most of the voters, but into relative indifference with the recognition that here is another election "full of sound and fury, signifying nothing."The fact that nearly 50 percent of the public chooses not to vote is our tipoff about the public's view of elections. That segment of the public simply doesn't care much about the outcome. The politically committed regard these people as unenlightened fools. In reality, perhaps these people know that the election really isn't nearly as important as the ideologues, media and professional politicians think it is, so they stay home.Others vote, of course, but hardly with the intensity of the ideologues. Things the ideologues find outrageously trivial can sway the less committed. Such voters think of politics in a very different way than the ideologues do. They think of it as something that doesn't define their lives or the republic. They think of politicians as fairly indistinguishable, and they are aware that the ideological passions will melt in the face of presidential responsibility. And while they care a bit more than those who stay home, they usually do not care all that much more.The United States has elected presidents with the narrowest of margins and presidents who had far less than a majority. In many countries, this might reveal deep divisions leading to social unrest. It doesn't mean this in the United States because while the division can be measured, it isn't very deep and by most, it will hardly be remembered.The polls say the election will be very close. If that is true, someone will be selected late at night after Ohio makes up its mind. The passionate on the losing side will charge fraud and election stealing. The rest of the country will get up the next day and go back to work just as they did four years ago, and the republic will go on.Read more: U.S. Presidential Elections in Perspective | Stratfor

EbzaarAll about ebazaarTerms & Conditions“GeneralThis document is an electronic record in terms of Information Technology Act, 2000 and rules there under as applicable and the amended provisions pertaining to electronic records in various statutes as amended by the Information Technology Act, 2000. This electronic record is generated by a computer system and does not require any physical or digital signatures.This document is published in accordance with the provisions of Rule 3 (1) of the Information Technology (Intermediaries guidelines) Rules, 2011 that require publishing the rules and regulations, privacy policy and Terms of Use for access or usage of eBZaar.com website.The domain name eBZaar.com is owned by Mr. Viral Thakker and is made available to Yamini India Private Limited, a company incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 with its registered office at B502, Greenwoods, Andheri Kurla Road, Chakala, Andheri East, Mumbai 400093, Maharashta, India (hereinafter referred to as "YIPL") under a licensing arrangement. The website eBZaar.com (hereinafter referred to as “ebzaar” or "Website") is owned and operated by YIPL and it is explicitly understood that Mr. Viral Thakker has no obligations to any parties in his personal capacity.Your use of the Website and services and tools are governed by the following terms and conditions ("Terms of Use" including policies listed under “Additional Terms” herein below) as applicable to the Website including the applicable policies which are incorporated herein by way of reference. If You transact on the Website, You shall be subject to the policies that are applicable to the Website for such transaction. By mere use of the Website, You shall be contracting with Yamini India Private Limited (“YIPL”) and these terms and conditions including the policies constitute Your binding obligations, with YIPL.For the purpose of these Terms of Use, wherever the context so requires "You" or "User" shall mean any natural or legal person who has agreed to become a buyer on the Website by providing Registration Data orother Personally Identifiable Information while registering / transacting on the Website as Registered User / Guest User using the computer systems. YIPL allows the User to surf the Website or making purchases without registering on the Website. The term "We", "Us", "Our" shall mean Yamini India Private Limited.When You use any of the services provided by Us through the Website, including but not limited to, (e.g. Product Reviews, Seller Reviews), You will be subject to the rules, guidelines, policies, terms, and conditions applicable to such service, and they shall be deemed to be incorporated into this Terms of Use and shall be considered as part and parcel of this Terms of Use. We reserve the right, at Our sole discretion, to change, modify, add or remove portions of these Terms of Use, at any time without any prior written notice to You. It is Your responsibility to review these Terms of Use periodically for updates / changes. Your continued use of the Website following the posting of changes will mean that You accept and agree to the revisions. As long as You comply with these Terms of Use, We grant You a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable, limited privilege to enter and use the Website.ACCESSING, BROWSING OR OTHERWISE USING THE SITE INDICATES YOUR AGREEMENT TO ALL THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS UNDER THESE TERMS OF USE, SO PLEASE READ THE TERMS OF USE CAREFULLY BEFORE PROCEEDING. By impliedly or expressly accepting these Terms of Use, You also accept and agree to be bound by YIPL Policies (including but not limited to Privacy Policy available on eBZaar.com) as amended from time to time.I. Membership EligibilityUse of the Website is available only to persons who can form legally binding contracts under Indian Contract Act, 1872. Persons who are "incompetent to contract" within the meaning of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 including minors, un-discharged insolvents etc. are not eligible to use the Website. If you are a minor i.e. under the age of 18 years, you shall not register as a User of the Website and shall not transact on or use the Website. As a minor if you wish to use or transact on website, such use or transaction may be made by your legal guardian or parents on the Website. YIPL reserves the right to terminate your membership and / or refuse to provide you with access to the Website if it is brought to YIPL's notice or if it is discovered that you are under the age of 18 years.II. Your Account and Registration ObligationsBy using the Website, you agree that You shall be responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of your Display Name / User Name and Password and that You shall be responsible for all activities that occur under your Display Name / User Name and Password. You agree that if You provide any information that is untrue, inaccurate, not current or incomplete or We have reasonable grounds to suspect that such information is untrue, inaccurate, not current or incomplete, or not in accordance with the this Terms of Use, We shall have the right to indefinitely suspend or terminate or block access of your membership on the Website and refuse to provide You with access to the Website.III. CommunicationsWhen You use the Website or send emails or other data, information or communication to us, You agree and understand that You are communicating with Us through electronic records and You consent to receive communications via electronic records from Us periodically and as and when required. We may communicate with you by email or by such other mode of communication, electronic or otherwise.IV. Platform for Transaction and CommunicationThe Website is a platform that Users shall utilize to transact with ebzaar and / or other Sellers, affiliates, merchants, vendors, partners (Collectively “Sellers” or “Partners”) and / or interact with one another for their transactions. User understands that ebzaar can also act as a Seller in certain instances and in all such cases, the name of ebzaar shall be displayed as a Seller, as also on the Invoice. YIPL is not and cannot be a party to or control in any manner any transaction between the Website's Users.Henceforth:1. All commercial/contractual terms are offered by and agreed to between Buyers and Sellers alone. The commercial/contractual terms include without limitation price, shipping costs, payment methods, payment terms, date, period and mode of delivery, warranties related to products and services and after sales services related to products and services. YIPL does not have any control or does not determine or advise or in any way involve itself in the offering or acceptance of such commercial/contractual terms between the Buyers and Sellers, except in limited cases of transactions where ebzaar is acting as a Seller.2. YIPL does not make any representation or Warranty as to specifics (such as quality, value, salability, etc) of the products or services proposed to be sold or offered to be sold or purchased on the Website. YIPL does not implicitly or explicitly support or endorse the sale or purchase of any products or services on the Website. YIPL accepts no liability for any errors or omissions, whether on behalf of itself or third parties.3. YIPL is not responsible for any non-performance or breach of any contract entered into between Buyers and Sellers. YIPL cannot and does not guarantee that the concerned Buyers and/or Sellers will perform any transaction concluded on the Website except in limited cases where ebzaar itself is acting as a Seller. YIPL shall not and is not required to mediate or resolve any dispute or disagreement between Buyers and Sellers.4. YIPL does not make any representation or warranty as to the item-specifics (such as legal title, creditworthiness, identity, etc) of any of its Users. You are advised to independently verify the bona fides of any particular User that You choose to deal with on the Website and use Your best judgment in that behalf.5. Except to the extent that ebzaar is acting as a Seller, YIPL does not at any point of time during any transaction between Buyer and Seller on the Website come into or take possession of any of the products or services offered by Seller on it’s own account nor does it at any point gain title to or have any rights or claims over the products or services offered by Seller to Buyer. Where so warranted the Seller may request YIPL to undertake possession of goods for one or more purposes like storing, sorting, storing, labelling, storing, packaging, shipping or returns or other such purposes and in such a case, the Buyer and Seller agrees that YIPL is not responsible to either the Buyer or the Seller for any damage, defect, theft or any other loss incurred in respect of such goods while in possession of goods irrespective of whether such a loss is caused by event of nature or is a man made incident.6. At no time shall YIPL does not hold any right, title or interest over the products nor shall YIPL have any obligations or liabilities in respect of such contract entered into between Buyers and Sellers except in the limited case of transactions where ebzaar is also acting as a Seller. YIPL is not responsible for unsatisfactory or delayed performance of services or damages or delays as a result of products which are out of stock, unavailable or back ordered.7. You shall independently agree upon the manner and terms and conditions of delivery, payment, insurance etc. with the Partner(s) that You transact with.8.You release and indemnify YIPL and/or any of its officers, representatives, affiliates, Partners, licensors, licensees from any cost, damage, liability or other consequence of any of the actions of the Users of the Website and specifically waive any claims that you may have in this behalf under any applicable law. Notwithstanding its reasonable efforts in that behalf, YIPL cannot take responsibility or control the information provided by other Users which is made available on the Website. You may find other User's information to be offensive, harmful, inconsistent, inaccurate, or deceptive. Please use caution and practice safe trading when using the Website.Please note that there could be risks in dealing with underage persons or people acting under false pretence.V. ChargesMembership on the Website is free for Buyers. YIPL does not charge any fee from Buyers for browsing and buying on the Website. YIPL reserves the right to change its Fee Policy from time to time. In particular, YIPL may at its sole discretion introduce new services and modify some or all of the existing services offered on the Website. In such an event YIPL reserves the right to introduce fees for the new services offered or amend/introduce fees for existing services, as the case may be. Changes to the Fee Policy shall be posted on the Website and such changes shall automatically become effective immediately after they are posted on the Website. Unless otherwise stated, all fees shall be quoted in Indian Rupees. You shall be solely responsible for compliance of all applicable laws including those in India for making payments to YIPL.VI. Use of the WebsiteYou agree, undertake and confirm that Your use of Website shall be strictly governed by the following binding principles:1. You shall not host, display, upload, modify, publish, transmit, update or share any information which:(a) belongs to another person and to which You do not have any right to;(b) is grossly harmful, harassing, blasphemous, defamatory, obscene, pornographic, paedophilic, libellous, invasive of another's privacy, hateful, or racially, ethnically objectionable, disparaging, relating or encouraging money laundering or gambling, or otherwise unlawful in any manner whatever; or unlawfully threatening or unlawfully harassing including but not limited to "indecent representation of women" within the meaning of the Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986;(c) is misleading in any way;(d) is patently offensive to the online community, such as sexually explicit content, or content that promotes obscenity, paedophilia, racism, bigotry, hatred or physical harm of any kind against any group or individual;(e) harasses or advocates harassment of another person;(f) involves the transmission of "junk mail", "chain letters", or unsolicited mass mailing or "spamming";(g) promotes illegal activities or conduct that is abusive, threatening, obscene, defamatory or libellous;(h) infringes upon or violates any third party's rights [including, but not limited to, intellectual property rights, rights of privacy (including without limitation unauthorized disclosure of a person's name, email address, physical address or phone number) or rights of publicity];(i) promotes an illegal or unauthorized copy of another person's copyrighted work (see "Copyright complaint" below for instructions on how to lodge a complaint about uploaded copyrighted material), such as providing pirated computer programs or links to them, providing information to circumvent manufacture-installed copy-protect devices, or providing pirated music or links to pirated music files;(j) contains restricted or password-only access pages, or hidden pages or images (those not linked to or from another accessible page);(k) provides material that exploits people in a sexual, violent or otherwise inappropriate manner or solicits personal information from anyone;(l) provides instructional information about illegal activities such as making or buying illegal weapons, violating someone's privacy, or providing or creating computer viruses;(m) contains video, photographs, or images of another person (with a minor or an adult).(n) tries to gain unauthorized access or exceeds the scope of authorized access to the Website or to profiles, blogs, communities, account information, bulletins, friend request, or other areas of the Website or solicits passwords or personal identifying information for commercial or unlawful purposes from other users;(o) engages in commercial activities and/or sales without Our prior written consent such as contests, sweepstakes, barter, advertising and pyramid schemes, or the buying or selling of "virtual" products related to the Website. Throughout this Terms of Use, YIPL's prior written consent means a communication coming from YIPL's Legal Department, specifically in response to Your request, and specifically addressing the activity or conduct for which You seek authorization;(p) solicits gambling or engages in any gambling activity which We, in Our sole discretion, believes is or could be construed as being illegal;(q) interferes with another USER's use and enjoyment of the Website or any other individual's User and enjoyment of similar services;(r) refers to any website or URL that, in Our sole discretion, contains material that is inappropriate for the Website or any other website, contains content that would be prohibited or violates the letter or spirit of these Terms of Use.(s) harm minors in any way;(t) infringes any patent, trademark, copyright or other proprietary rights or third party's trade secrets or rights of publicity or privacy or shall not be fraudulent or involve the sale of counterfeit or stolen products;(u) violates any law for the time being in force;(v) deceives or misleads the addressee/ users about the origin of such messages or communicates any information which is grossly offensive or menacing in nature;(w) impersonate another person;(x) contains software viruses or any other computer code, files or programs designed to interrupt, destroy or limit the functionality of any computer resource; or contains any trojan horses, worms, time bombs, cancelbots, easter eggs or other computer programming routines that may damage, detrimentally interfere with, diminish value of, surreptitiously intercept or expropriate any system, data or personal information;(y) threatens the unity, integrity, defence, security or sovereignty of India, friendly relations with foreign states, or public order or causes incitement to the commission of any cognizable offence or prevents investigation of any offence or is insulting any other nation.(z) shall not be false, inaccurate or misleading;(aa) shall not, directly or indirectly, offer, attempt to offer, trade or attempt to trade in any item, the dealing of which is prohibited or restricted in any manner under the provisions of any applicable law, rule, regulation or guideline for the time being in force.(ab) shall not create liability for Us or cause Us to lose (in whole or in part) the services of Our internet service provider ("ISPs") or other suppliers;2. You shall not use any "deep-link", "page-scrape", "robot", "spider" or other automatic device, program, algorithm or methodology, or any similar or equivalent manual process, to access, acquire, copy or monitor any portion of the Website or any Content, or in any way reproduce or circumvent the navigational structure or presentation of the Website or any Content, to obtain or attempt to obtain any materials, documents or information through any means not purposely made available through the Website. We reserve Our right to bar any such activity.3. You shall not attempt to gain unauthorized access to any portion or feature of the Website, or any other systems or networks connected to the Website or to any server, computer, network, or to any of the services offered on or through the Website, by hacking, password "mining" or any other illegitimate means.4. You shall not probe, scan or test the vulnerability of the Website or any network connected to the Website nor breach the security or authentication measures on the Website or any network connected to the Website. You may not reverse look-up, trace or seek to trace any information on any other User of or visitor to Website, or any other customer, including any account on the Website not owned by You, to its source, or exploit the Website or any service or information made available or offered by or through the Website, in any way where the purpose is to reveal any information, including but not limited to personal identification or information, other than Your own information, as provided for by the Website.5. You shall not make any negative, denigrating or defamatory statement(s) or comment(s) about Us or the brand name or domain name used by Us including the terms YIPL, Flog, eBZaar.com, or otherwise engage in any conduct or action that might tarnish the image or reputation, of YIPL or sellers on platform or otherwise tarnish or dilute any YIPL's trade or service marks, trade name and/or goodwill associated with such trade or service marks, trade name as may be owned or used by us. You agree that You will not take any action that imposes an unreasonable or disproportionately large load on the infrastructure of the Website or YIPL's systems or networks, or any systems or networks connected to YIPL.6. You agree not to use any device, software or routine to interfere or attempt to interfere with the proper working of the Website or any transaction being conducted on the Website, or with any other person's use of the Website.7. You may not forge headers or otherwise manipulate identifiers in order to disguise the origin of any message or transmittal You send to Us on or through the Website or any service offered on or through the Website. You may not pretend that You are, or that You represent, someone else, or impersonate any other individual or entity.8. You may not use the Website or any content for any purpose that is unlawful or prohibited by these Terms of Use, or to solicit the performance of any illegal activity or other activity which infringes the rights of YIPL and / or others.9. You shall at all times ensure full compliance with the applicable provisions of the Information Technology Act, 2000 and rules thereunder as applicable and as amended from time to time and also all applicable Domestic laws, rules and regulations (including the provisions of any applicable Exchange Control Laws or Regulations in Force) and International Laws, Foreign Exchange Laws, Statutes, Ordinances and Regulations (including, but not limited to Sales Tax/VAT, Income Tax, Octroi, Service Tax, Central Excise, Custom Duty, Local Levies) regarding Your use of Our service and Your listing, purchase, solicitation of offers to purchase, and sale of products or services. You shall not engage in any transaction in an item or service, which is prohibited by the provisions of any applicable law including exchange control laws or regulations for the time being in force.10. Solely to enable Us to use the information You supply Us with, so that we are not violating any rights You might have in Your Information, You agree to grant Us a non-exclusive, worldwide, perpetual, irrevocable, royalty-free, sub-licensable (through multiple tiers) right to exercise the copyright, publicity, database rights or any other rights You have in Your Information, in any media now known or not currently known, with respect to Your Information. We will only use Your information in accordance with the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy applicable to use of the Website.11. From time to time, You shall be responsible for providing information relating to the products or services proposed to be sold by You. In this connection, You undertake that all such information shall be accurate in all respects. You shall not exaggerate or over emphasize the attributes of such products or services so as to mislead other Users in any manner.12. You shall not engage in advertising to, or solicitation of, other Users of the Website to buy or sell any products or services, including, but not limited to, products or services related to that being displayed on the Website or related to us. You may not transmit any chain letters or unsolicited commercial or junk email to other Users via the Website. It shall be a violation of these Terms of Use to use any information obtained from the Website in order to harass, abuse, or harm another person, or in order to contact, advertise to, solicit, or sell to another person other than Us without Our prior explicit consent. In order to protect Our Users from such advertising or solicitation, We reserve the right to restrict the number of messages or emails which a user may send to other Users in any 24-hour period which We deem appropriate in our sole discretion. You understand that We have the right at all times to disclose any information (including the identity of the persons providing information or materials on the Website) as necessary to satisfy any law, regulation or valid governmental request. This may include, without limitation, disclosure of the information in connection with investigation of alleged illegal activity or solicitation of illegal activity or in response to a lawful court order or subpoena. In addition, We can (and You hereby expressly authorize Us to) disclose any information about You to law enforcement or other government officials, as we, in Our sole discretion, believe necessary or appropriate in connection with the investigation and/or resolution of possible crimes, especially those that may involve personal injury.We reserve the right, but have no obligation, to monitor the materials posted on the Website. YIPL shall have the right to remove or edit any content that in its sole discretion violates, or is alleged to violate, any applicable law or either the spirit or letter of these Terms of Use. Notwithstanding this right, YOU REMAIN SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONTENT OF THE MATERIALS YOU POST ON THE WEBSITE AND IN YOUR PRIVATE MESSAGES. Please be advised that such Content posted does not necessarily reflect YIPL views. In no event shall YIPL assume or have any responsibility or liability for any Content posted or for any claims, damages or losses resulting from use of Content and/or appearance of Content on the Website. You hereby represent and warrant that You have all necessary rights in and to all Content which You provide and all information it contains and that such Content shall not infringe any proprietary or other rights of third parties or contain any libellous, tortious, or otherwise unlawful information.13. Your correspondence or business dealings with, or participation in promotions of, advertisers found on or through the Website, including payment and delivery of related products or services, and any other terms, conditions, warranties or representations associated with such dealings, are solely between You and such advertiser. We shall not be responsible or liable for any loss or damage of any sort incurred as the result of any such dealings or as the result of the presence of such advertisers on the Website.14. It is possible that other users (including unauthorized users or "hackers") may post or transmit offensive or obscene materials on the Website and that You may be involuntarily exposed to such offensive and obscene materials. It also is possible for others to obtain personal information about You due to your use of the Website, and that the recipient may use such information to harass or injure You. We do not approve of such unauthorized uses, but by using the Website You acknowledge and agree that We are not responsible for the use of any personal information that You publicly disclose or share with others on the Website. Please carefully select the type of information that You publicly disclose or share with others on the Website.15. YIPL shall have all the rights to take necessary action and claim damages that may occur due to your involvement/participation in any way on your own or through group/s of people, intentionally or unintentionally in DoS/DDoS (Distributed Denial of Services).VII. Contents Posted on SiteAll text, graphics, user interfaces, visual interfaces, photographs, trademarks, logos, sounds, music and artwork (collectively, "Content"), is a third party user generated content and YIPL has no control over such third party user generated content as YIPL is merely an intermediary for the purposes of this Terms of Use.Except as expressly provided in these Terms of Use, no part of the Website and no Content may be copied, reproduced, republished, uploaded, posted, publicly displayed, encoded, translated, transmitted or distributed in any way (including "mirroring") to any other computer, server, Website or other medium for publication or distribution or for any commercial enterprise, without YIPL's express prior written consent.You may use information on the products and services purposely made available on the Website for downloading, provided that You (1) do not remove any proprietary notice language in all copies of such documents, (2) use such information only for your personal, non-commercial informational purpose and do not copy or post such information on any networked computer or broadcast it in any media, (3) make no modifications to any such information, and (4) do not make any additional representations or warranties relating to such documents.You shall be responsible for any notes, messages, emails, billboard postings, photos, drawings, profiles, opinions, ideas, images, videos, audio files or other materials or information posted or transmitted to the Website (collectively, "Content"). Such Content will become Our property and You grant Us the worldwide, perpetual and transferable rights in such Content. We shall be entitled to, consistent with Our Privacy Policy as adopted in accordance with applicable law, use the Content or any of its elements for any type of use forever, including but not limited to promotional and advertising purposes and in any media whether now known or hereafter devised, including the creation of derivative works that may include the Content You provide.You agree that any Content You post may be used by us, consistent with Our Privacy Policy, Terms of Use, Additional Terms and Rules of Conduct on Site as mentioned herein, and You are not entitled to any payment or other compensation for such use.VIII. PrivacyWe view protection of Your privacy as a very important principle. We understand clearly that You and Your Personal Information is one of Our most important assets. We store and process Your Information including any sensitive financial information collected (as defined under the Information Technology Act, 2000), if any, on computers that may be protected by physical as well as reasonable technological security measures and procedures in accordance with Information Technology Act 2000 and Rules there under. Our current Privacy Policy is available at eBZaar.com. If You object to Your Information being transferred or used in this way please do not use Website.We and our affiliates will share / sell / transfer / license / covey some or all of your personal information with another business entity should we (or our assets) plan to merge with or are acquired by that business entity, or re-organization, amalgamation, restructuring of business or for any other reason whatsoever. Should such a transaction or situation occur, the other business entity or the new combined entity will be required to follow the privacy policy with respect to your personal information. Once you provide your information to us, you provide such information to us and our affiliate and we and our affiliate may use such information to provide you various services with respect to your transaction whether such transaction are conducted on eBZaar.com or with third party merchant's or third party merchant's website.Further details on our Privacy Policy are available at ebzaar.com/privacy-policy and that policy is incorporated as part of Terms of Use by reference.IX. Disclaimer of Warranties and LiabilityThis Website, all the materials and products (including but not limited to software) and services, included on or otherwise made available to You through this site are provided on "as is" and "as available" basis without any representation or warranties, express or implied except otherwise specified in writing. Without prejudice to the forgoing paragraph, YIPL does not warrant that:• This Website will be constantly available, or available at all; or• The information on this Website is complete, true, accurate or non-misleading.YIPL will not be liable to You in any way or in relation to the Contents of, or use of, or otherwise in connection with, the Website. YIPL does not warrant that this site; information, Content, materials, product (including software) or services included on or otherwise made available to You through the Website; their servers; or electronic communication sent from Us are free of viruses or other harmful components.Nothing on Website constitutes, or is meant to constitute, advice of any kind. All the Products sold on Website are governed by different state laws and if Seller is unable to deliver such Products due to implications of different state laws, Seller will return or will give credit for the amount (if any) received in advance by Seller from the sale of such Product that could not be delivered to You.You will be required to enter a valid phone number while placing an order on the Website. By registering Your phone number with us, You consent to be contacted by Us via phone calls and/or SMS notifications, in case of any order or shipment or delivery related updates.X. SellingAs a registered seller, you are allowed to list item(s) for sale on the Website in accordance with the Policies which are incorporated by way of reference in this Terms of Use. You must be legally able to sell the item(s) you list for sale on our Website. You must ensure that the listed items do not infringe upon the intellectual property, trade secret or other proprietary rights or rights of publicity or privacy rights of third parties. Listings may only include text descriptions, graphics and pictures that describe your item for sale. All listed items must be listed in an appropriate category on the Website. All listed items must be kept in stock for successful fulfilment of sales.The listing description of the item must not be misleading and must describe actual condition of the product. If the item description does not match the actual condition of the item, you agree to refund any amounts that you may have received from the Buyer. You agree not to list a single product in across multiple categories on the Website. YIPL reserves the right to delete such multiple listings of the same product listed by you in multiple categories.SERVICESXI. PaymentWhile availing any of the payment method/s available on the Website, we will not be responsible or assume any liability, whatsoever in respect of any loss or damage arising directly or indirectly to You due to:i. Lack of authorization for any transaction/s, orii. Exceeding the preset limit mutually agreed by You and between "Bank/s", oriii. Any payment issues arising out of the transaction, oriv. Decline of transaction for any other reason/sAll payments made against the purchases/services on Website by you shall be compulsorily in Indian Rupees acceptable in the Republic of India. Website will not facilitate transaction with respect to any other form of currency with respect to the purchases made on Website.Before shipping / delivering your order to you, Seller may request you to provide supporting documents (including but not limited to Govt. issued ID and address proof) to establish the ownership of the payment instrument used by you for your purchase. This is done in the interest of providing a safe online shopping environment to Our Users.Further:1. Transactions, Transaction Price and all commercial terms such as Delivery, Dispatch of products and/or services are as per principal to principal bipartite contractual obligations between Buyer and Seller and payment facility is merely used by the Buyer and Seller to facilitate the completion of the Transaction. Use of the payment facility shall not render YIPL liable or responsible for the non-delivery, non-receipt, non-payment, damage, breach of representations and warranties, non-provision of after sales or warranty services or fraud as regards the products and /or services listed on YIPL's Website.2. You have specifically authorized YIPL or its service providers to collect, process, facilitate and remit payments and / or theTransaction Price electronically or through Cash on Delivery to and from other Users in respect of transactions through Payment Facility. Your relationship with YIPL is on a principal to principal basis and by accepting these Terms of Use you agree that YIPL is an independent contractor for all purposes, and does not have control of or liability for the products or services that are listed on YIPL's Website that are paid for by using the Payment Facility. YIPL does not guarantee the identity of any User nor does it ensure that a Buyer or a Seller will complete a transaction.3. You understand, accept and agree that the payment facility provided by YIPL is neither a banking nor financial service but is merely a facilitator providing an electronic, automated online electronic payment, receiving payment through Cash On Delivery, collection and remittance facility for the Transactions on the YIPL Website using the existing authorized banking infrastructure and Credit Card payment gateway networks. Further, by providing Payment Facility, YIPL is neither acting as trustees nor acting in a fiduciary capacity with respect to the Transaction or the Transaction Price.Payment Facility for Buyers:• You, as a Buyer, understand that upon initiating a Transaction You are entering into a legally binding and enforceable contract with the Seller to purchase the products and /or services from the Seller using the Payment Facility, and You shall pay the Transaction Price through Your Issuing Bank to the Seller using Payment Facility.• You, as a Buyer, may agree with the Seller through electronic communication and electronic records and using the automated features as may be provided by Payment Facility on any extension / increase in the Dispatch and/or Delivery time and the Transaction shall stand amended to such extent. Any such extension / increase of Dispatch / Delivery time or subsequent novation / variation of the Transaction should be in compliance with Payment Facility Rules and Policies.• You, as a Buyer, shall electronically notify Payment Facility using the appropriate Website features immediately upon Delivery or non Delivery within the time period as provided in Policies. Non notification by You of Delivery or non Delivery within the time period specified in the Policies shall be construed as a deemed Delivery in respect of that Transaction. In case of Cash On Delivery transactions, Buyer is not required to confirm the receipt of products or services.• You, as a Buyer, shall be entitled to claim a refund of the Transaction Price (as Your sole and exclusive remedy) in case You do not receive the Delivery within the time period agreed in the Transaction or within the time period as provided in the Policies, whichever is earlier. In case you do not raise a refund claim using Website features within the stipulated time than this would make You ineligible for a refund.• You, as a Buyer, understand that the Payment Facility may not be available in full or in part for certain category of products and/or services and/or Transactions as mentioned in the Policies and hence You may not be entitled to a refund in respect of the Transactions for those products and /or services• Except for Cash On Delivery transaction, refund, if any, shall be made at the same Issuing Bank from where Transaction Price was received.• For Cash On Delivery transactions, refunds, if any, will be made via demand draft in favour of the Buyer (As per registration details provided by the Buyer)• Refund shall be made in Indian Rupees only and shall be equivalent to the Transaction Price received in Indian Rupees.• For electronics payments, refund shall be made through payment facility using NEFT / RTGS or any other online banking / electronic funds transfer system approved by Reserve Bank India (RBI).• Refund shall be conditional and shall be with recourse available to YIPL in case of any misuse by Buyer.• Refund shall be subject to Buyer complying with Policies.4. YIPL reserves the right to impose limits on the number of Transactions or Transaction Price which YIPL may receive from on an individual Valid Credit/Debit/ Cash Card / Valid Bank Account/ and such other infrastructure or any other financial instrument directly or indirectly through payment aggregator or through any such facility authorized by Reserve Bank of India to provide enabling support facility for collection and remittance of payment or by an individual Buyer during any time period, and reserves the right to refuse to process Transactions exceeding such limit.5. YIPL reserves the right to refuse to process Transactions by Buyers with a prior history of questionable charges including without limitation breach of any agreements by Buyer with YIPL or breach/violation of any law or any charges imposed by Issuing Bank or breach of any policy.6. YIPL may do such checks as it deems fit before approving the receipt of/Buyers commitment to pay (for Cash On Delivery transactions) Transaction Price from the Buyer for security or other reasons at the discretion of YIPL. As a result of such check if YIPL is not satisfied with the creditability of the Buyer or genuineness of the Transaction / Transaction Price, it will have the right to reject the receipt of / Buyers commitment to pay Transaction Price.7. YIPL may delay notifying the payment confirmation i.e. informing Seller to Dispatch, if YIPL deems suspicious or for Buyers conducting high transaction volumes to ensure safety of the Transaction and Transaction Price. In addition, YIPL may hold Transaction Price and YIPL may not inform Seller to Dispatch or remit Transaction Price to law enforcement officials (instead of refunding the same to Buyer) at the request of law enforcement officials or in the event the Buyer is engaged in any form of illegal activity.8. The Buyer and Seller acknowledge that YIPL will not be liable for any damages, interests or claims etc. resulting from not processing a Transaction/Transaction Price or any delay in processing a Transaction/Transaction Price which is beyond control of YIPL.9. Compliance with Laws: Buyer and Seller shall comply with all the applicable laws (including without limitation Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 and the rules made and notifications issued there under and the Exchange Control Manual as may be issued by Reserve Bank of India from time to time, Customs Act, Information and Technology Act, 2000 as amended by the Information Technology (Amendment) Act 2008, Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 and the rules made there under, Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, 1976 and the rules made there under, Income Tax Act, 1961 and the rules made there under, Export Import Policy of government of India) applicable to them respectively for using Payment Facility and the Website.10. Buyer's arrangement with Issuing Bank: All Valid Credit / Debit/ Cash Card/ and other payment instruments are processed using a Credit Card payment gateway or appropriate payment system infrastructure and the same will also be governed by the terms and conditions agreed to between the Buyer and the respective Issuing Bank and payment instrument issuing company.11. All Online Bank Transfers from Valid Bank Accounts are processed using the gateway provided by the respective Issuing Bank which support Payment Facility to provide these services to the Users. All such Online Bank Transfers on Payment Facility are also governed by the terms and conditions agreed to between Buyer and the respective Issuing Bank.XII. Returns and Cancellation Policy1. Add /modify / delete Orders: A customer can add/modify an existing order at least one hour prior to the start of the delivery slot. For instance, if delivery is schedule for 2-6PM delivery slot, order can be modified till one hour prior i.e. 1PM. To cancel an item, please reach out to our Customer Service team on numbers displayed under the Contacts section or write to us at [email protected]. Delivery of defective (broken / leaking / expired) items: eBZaar and Sellers on the Website take utmost care to ensure delivery of quality goods to you – our esteemed customers/Users. We have a no questions asked return policy. However to minimize the inconvenience we request you to check all the items at the time of delivery. In case you are not satisfied with the product received, you can return it with our delivery person at time of delivery or contact our Customer Service team at numbers displayed under the Contacts section or write to us at [email protected]. Products purchased can be returned as per the below:a. Bread/Dairy Products/Fruits & Vegetables – Within 1 day of deliveryb. Packaged Food & Non Food – Within 5 days of deliveryThe detailed Returns Policy can be read at ebzaar.com/returns-policy and is incorporated as part of this Terms of Use by referenceXIII. IndemnityYou shall indemnify and hold harmless YIPL, its owner, licensee, affiliates, subsidiaries, group companies (as applicable) and their respective officers, directors, agents, and employees, from any claim or demand, or actions including reasonable attorneys' fees, made by any third party or penalty imposed due to or arising out of Your breach of this Terms of Use, privacy Policy and other Policies, or Your violation of any law, rules or regulations or the rights (including infringement of intellectual property rights) of a third party.XIV. Applicable LawTerms of Use shall be governed by and interpreted and construed in accordance with the laws of India. The place of jurisdiction shall be exclusively in Mumbai.XV. Jurisdictional Issues/Sale in India OnlyUnless otherwise specified, the material on the Website is presented solely for the purpose of sale in India. YIPL make no representation that materials in the Website are appropriate or available for use in other locations/Countries other than India. Those who choose to access this site from other locations/Countries other than India do so on their own initiative and YIPL is not responsible for supply of products/refund for the products ordered from other locations/Countries other than India, compliance with local laws, if and to the extent local laws are applicable.XVI. Trademark, Copyright and Restriction1. The Website and the processes, and their selection and arrangement, including but not limited to all text, graphics, user interfaces, visual interfaces, sounds and music (if any), artwork and computer code (collectively, the "Content") on the Website is owned and controlled by YIPL and the design, structure, selection, coordination, expression, look and feel and arrangement of such Content is protected by copyright, patent and trademark laws, and various other intellectual property rights.2. The trademarks, logos and service marks displayed on the Website ("Marks") are the property of YIPL or their vendors or respective third parties. You are not permitted to use the Marks without the prior consent of YIPL, the vendor or the third party that may own the Marks.3. Unless otherwise indicated or anything contained to the contrary or any proprietary material owned by a third party and so expressly mentioned, YIPL owns all intellectual property rights to and into the trademark "ebzaar", and the Website, including, without limitation, any and all rights, title and interest in and to copyright, related rights, patents, utility models, designs, know-how, trade secrets and inventions (patent pending), goodwill, source code, meta tags, databases, text, content, graphics, icons, and hyperlinks.4. Except as expressly provided herein, You acknowledge and agree that You shall not copy, republish, post, display, translate, transmit, reproduce or distribute any Content through any medium without obtaining the necessary authorization from YIPL or thirty party owner of such ContentYou may also refer the Copyright Policy section in the “Additional Terms” listed in following pages.XVII. Product DescriptionYIPL we do not warrant that Product description or other content of this Website is accurate, complete, reliable, current, or error-free and assumes no liability in this regard.XVIII. Limitation of LiabilityIN NO EVENT SHALL YIPL BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND IN CONNECTION WITH THESE TERMS OF USE, EVEN IF USER HAS BEEN INFORMED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.ADDITIONAL TERMS: Additional Terms of Use form part of this main Terms of Use and are incorporated here by reference. You may read additional terms at ebzaar.com/additional-terms.Additional TermsThe following terms will also form integral part to terms of use of the Website and should be read in conjunction with the Terms of Use as mentioned elsewhere on the Website.POLICIESI. Profanity PolicyYIPL prohibits the use of language that is racist, hateful, sexual or obscene in nature in a public area.This policy extends to text within listings, on Seller pages and all other areas of the site that another User may view. If the profane words are part of a title for the item being sold, we allow Sellers to 'blur' out the bulk of the offending word with asterisks (i.e., s*** or f***).Please report any violations of this policy to the correct area for review:· Report offensive Display Names· Report offensive language in a listing or otherwiseIf a feedback comment; or any communication made between Users on the Website; or email communication between Users in relation to transactions conducted on Website contain profanity, please review Our feedback removal policy and submit a request for action/removal.Disciplinary action may result in the indefinite suspension of a User's account, temporary suspension, or a formal warning.YIPL will consider the circumstances of an alleged policy violation and the user's trading records before taking action. Violations of this policy may result in a range of actions, including:1. Limits placed on account privileges;2. Loss of special status;3. Account suspension.II. Disputes (Resolutions) PolicyOverviewGenerally, transactions are conducted smoothly on the Website. However there may be some cases where both the Buyers and Sellers may face issues. At YIPL, we have a Dispute Resolution process in order to resolve disputes between Buyers and Sellers.1. What is a 'dispute'?A 'Dispute' can be defined as a disagreement between a Buyer and a Seller in connection with a transaction on the Website.2. How does a 'dispute' occur in the Marketplace?Disputes are filed as a result of a disagreement between the Buyer and the Seller. Disputes arise out of an issue that is raised by either party not being completely satisfied with the resolution of their complaint/issue.It is important that before a Buyer/Seller raises a dispute, they should attempt to solve the issue. Please note that whenever a Buyer raises a dispute, the Seller's payment for that order is put on hold immediately until the issue is resolved.3. How is a 'dispute' created?Whenever there is a disagreement, the Buyer can write to [email protected], while the Seller can write to [email protected], in order to raise a dispute. The email should clearly mention the word “DISPUTE” in the subject line to ensure that it is treated as a dispute. Disputes can be raised at a particular transaction level.4. What are the various types of 'disputes'?Following are the indicative examples of potential disputes:1. Wrong item received2. Item Not as described· Damaged or Seal broken on Product· Part/Accessory missing· Item not Compatible· Seller Description/Specification Wrong· Defective (Functional issues)· Product not working and Manufacturer claims invalid InvoiceIn case the Seller rejects the return request of the Buyer, and Buyer raises a dispute, then YIPL will try to mediate and resolve the dispute between both the parties. If the dispute is resolved in favour of the Buyer, a refund is provided once the product is returned to the Seller. If the dispute is settled in favour of the Seller, Buyer is not entitled to any refund.5. Buyer Protection ProgramIn case of a dispute where the Seller is unable to provide a refund or a replacement, YIPL will actively work towards reaching a resolution. The Buyer Protection Program covers Buyers who are unable to successfully resolve their dispute with the Seller or are not satisfied the resolution provided bythe Seller.The Buyer can write to [email protected] if the issue with the Seller is not resolved. YIPL's Customer Support team will look into the case to check for possible fraud and if the Buyer has been blacklisted/blocked from making purchases on the Website. Only after verifying these facts, a dispute can be registered.In due course of resolution, YIPL's Customer Support Team will facilitate a conference call including the Seller and the Buyer. When a dispute has been raised, YIPL may provide both the parties access to each others Display Names, contact details including email addresses and other details pertaining to the dispute. Buyers and Sellers are subject to final consent from YIPL for settling the dispute.6. Buyer Eligibility and Restrictionsa. Only Buyers who have purchased the product on the Website are eligible for the Buyer Protection Program. Further, eligibility extends only to those products for which a price is paid.b. Buyers can file a dispute within the Returns Period mentioned under the Returns/Refund Policyc. Any damage or loss to the product after delivery will not be covered under this program and will completely be the Buyer's responsibility. Buyers should refuse to accept delivery if the item is damaged.d. To be able to take advantage of the Buyer Protection Program, Buyers should first contact the Seller and attempt to resolve the issue. If the Buyer doesn't hear from the Seller or is unable to resolve the issue with the Seller even after contact, a dispute can be raised with eBZaar.com by writing an email to [email protected]. Fraudulent charges and claims are not covered under Buyer Protection Program.If the Buyer has already initiated chargeback through the credit card issuing bank, it will not be covered under Buyer Protection Program, though in such cases a Seller can file a claim through the Seller Protection Program.g. Blacklisted and Blocked Buyers are not covered by the Buyer Protection Program.h. Buyers who have reached their maximum lifetime limit for claims are also not eligible. Buyers can make a maximum of 5 claims per year for transactions on the Website. If the claim was withdrawn, it is not counted. The coverage amount will be limited to Rs. 5,000i. Through the Buyer Protection program, YIPL does not provide any guarantee/warranty to Buyers for products sold on YIPL against technical/manufacturing defects.j. Raising disputes against Sellers does not automatically entitle the Buyer to a refund or replacement for the product purchased. YIPL shall verify the disputes so raised and may process only such claims that are valid and genuine.k. YIPL shall at no point be responsible for any direct or indirect losses, expenses, costs of any nature whatsoever that may be incurred by any Buyer/Seller.l. Claims of the nature of 'Buyer remorse' (i.e. instances where products are bought by the Buyer by mistake or where the Buyer chooses to change his/her mind with regard to the product purchased by him) will not be entertained through this program.m. YIPL reserves its right to initiate civil and/or criminal proceedings against a User who, files an invalid and/or false claims or provides false, incomplete, or misleading information. In addition to the legal proceedings as aforesaid, YIPL may at its sole discretion suspend, block, restrict, cancel the Display Name [and its related Display Names/User Names] of such User and/or disqualify that user and any related users from availing protection through this program.n. Decisions made by YIPL under the Buyer Protection Program shall be final and binding on its Users.o. YIPL reserves the right to modify / discontinue Buyer Protection Program without any prior notice period to its Users.p. Through this program, YIPL shall not entertain claims of Buyers who have incurred loss due to delayed shipment or delivery of the item by the Seller.q. YIPL Customer Support Team may seek additional information / clarification from Buyer to facilitate resolution of the dispute. In the event Buyer does not respond with information / clarification sought within 10 days of such request, the dispute shall be auto-closed in favour of the Seller.7. Disputes via ChargebackWhenever a chargeback (CB) comes from a payment gateway/bank, following situations may arise:a. Item not received CB - Buyer hasn't received the item. Refund will be created in accordance with the dispute policiesb. Unauthorized CB - Buyer hasn't made this particular transaction. Refund will be created in accordance with the dispute policies.c. Seller expressly agrees that issuing the correct and complete invoice is the sole and primary responsibility of the Seller. Furthermore, Seller shall ensure that invoices state "Powered by ebzaar" and failing to do so Seller will be liable for chargebacks (as applicable).d. Item not as described - meaning item is not what Buyer expected. Dispute will be decided in accordance with the dispute policies.III. Email Abuse & Threat PolicyPrivate communication, including email correspondence, is not regulated by YIPL. YIPL encourages its Users to be professional, courteous and respectful when communicating by email. However, YIPL will investigate and can take action on certain types of unwanted emails that violate YIPL policies. Such instances:- Threats of Bodily Harm - YIPL does not permit Users to send explicit threats of bodily harm.- Misuse of Website - YIPL allows Users to facilitate transactions through the ebzaar Website, but will investigate any misuse of this service.- Spoof (Fake) email - YIPL will never ask you to provide sensitive information through email. In case you receive any spoof (fake) email, you are requested to report the same to Us through 'Contact Us' tab on the Website.- Spam (Unsolicited Commercial email) - YIPL's spam policy applies only to unsolicited commercial messages sent by YIPL Users. YIPL Users are not allowed to send spam messages to other Users.- Offers to Buy or Sell Outside of YIPL - YIPL prohibits email offers to buy or sell listed products outside of the YIPL Website. Offers of this nature are a potential fraud risk for both Buyers and Sellers.YIPL policy prohibits user-to-user threats of physical harm via any method including, phone, email and on Our public message boards.Violations of this policy may result in a range of actions, including:· Limits on account privileges· Account suspension· Cancellation of listings· Loss of special statusOther BusinessesYIPL does not take responsibility or liability for the actions, products, content and services on the Website, which are linked to Affiliates and / or third party websites using Website's APIs or otherwise. In addition, the Website may provide links to the third party websites of Our affiliated companies and certain other businesses for which, YIPL assumes no responsibility for examining or evaluating the products and services offered by them. YIPL do not warrant the offerings of, any of these businesses or individuals or the content of such third party website(s). YIPL does not endorse, in any way, any third party website(s) or content thereof.IV. Copyright PolicyCopyright in this Website belongs to Yamini India Private Limited ("YIPL"). YIPL also uses contents of their vendors and third parties as well who might not be the original owners of copyright therein. The users should assume that standard copyright protection applies to all materials and contents displayed on the Website. Any redistribution, modification or reproduction of part or all of the contents featured in the Website in any form is prohibited. You may display, print, or download the contents to a local hard disk extracts for your personal, non-commercial use, but only if you acknowledge the Website as the source of the material. You are not permitted, except with the express written consent of Yamini, to distribute or commercially exploit the contents on this Website. You are also prohibited from transmitting the contents or storing it in any other Website or in other form of electronic retrieval system.A) Intellectual Property Rights Policywww.ebzaar.com ("Website" or "eBZaar") contains the trademark "eBZaar", creations with the trademark "eBZaar", other trademarks, logos, trade name, service marks and other marks (collectively "Marks") which are the intellectual property of Yamini India Private Limited ("YIPL") or their vendors or respective third parties. You understand that Ebzaar uses the Marks of vendors and respective third parties procured from the owner and/or distribution channel solely for promotional purposes. In doing so, Ebzaar has no intention, whatsoever, to acquire rights of use or license to these Marks and these Marks remain the property of their respective owners / licensees.You are not permitted to use the Marks without the prior consent of YIPL, the vendor or the third party that may own the Marks. If you do so, ebzaar may, in its sole discretion, terminate Your usage of the Website.You agree not to challenge the use, registration or application to register the Marks, anywhere in the world, and that You will not harm, misuse, or bring into disrepute any of the Marks. The goodwill derived from using the Marks or any part thereof, shall inure exclusively to the benefit of Ebzaar or its vendors or the third party that may own the Marks.All Marks, domain name, trade dress including the "look and feel" of the Website, its text, graphics, button icons, interfaces, etc., and the arrangements thereof, is the property of ebzaar or its vendors or the third party, as the case may be, unless otherwise indicated. All the contents are protected under copyright, trademark and other applicable intellectual property laws and may not be used by You, except as permitted by Ebzaar, its vendors or the concerned third party.If you see something on the Website, which you believe is violating the intellectual property rights of any person, please send an infringement notice to Ebzaar at [email protected] with the word “INFRINGEMENT NOTICE” in the subject line of the email.B) Notification of copyright infringement - [Take Down Notice]1. If you are the owner of copyright in any content available on eBZaar.com ("Website" or "Ebzaar") and uploaded without your consent, or you believe that your content has been copied in any way that constitutes infringement, please provide the following information to the Company Secretary/ Manager Legal of YIPL:a. A statement specifying that you have found specific content on the Website e.g., video/ audio/ text/ graphic content, which you believe infringes your copyright;b. The title and description of the content, as available on the Website, and the full URL of the web page where the content is available;c. Description of the content/ work, the copyright - which belongs to you, and which you believe has been infringed. In case this information is available on the internet, please send Ebzaar a link to the same;d. The country in which your copyright applies;e. An explanation on how the content available on the Website infringes your copyright (e.g. in case of any audio content, the musical works or the sound recordings are a copy of your original works, etc.);f. Your contact information so that Ebzaar can get in touch with you (e-mail address is preferred);g. Your contact information which Ebzaar can pass on to the submitter of the concerned content, so that he/ she can get in touch with you to resolve your complaint directly (e-mail address is preferred);​h. A statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the disputed use of the copyrighted work is not authorized by the copyright owner (or by a third party who is legally entitled to do so on behalf of the copyright owner, such as his agent) and is not otherwise permitted by law; andi. A statement by you, made under penalty of perjury, that the above information in your notice is accurate and that you are the copyright owner or authorized to act on the copyright owner's behalf.2. Please affix the electronic or physical signature of the copyright owner or person authorized to act on behalf of the owner. If you are providing notice by e-mail, a scanned physical signature or a valid electronic signature will be accepted.3. Please send your copyright infringement notice to the attention of Ebzaar Company Secretary/Manager- Legal at:By mail:Company Secreary/ Manager- LegalYamini India Private Limited (Unit eBZaar)B/502, Greenwoods, Andheri Kurla Road,Chakala, Andheri EastMumbai – 400093E-mail: [email protected]; subject line: “INFRINGEMENT NOTICE”4. Please note that the information provided in this notice may be forwarded to the person who provided the allegedly infringing content.5. Any person who knowingly misrepresents that any material or activity is infringing, may be subject to legal liability. Accordingly, if you are not sure whether material available online infringes your copyright, please contact a lawyer.6. The Company Secretary/ Manager- Legal should be contacted only if you believe that your work has been used or copied in a way that constitutes copyright infringement and that such infringement is occurring on the Website or on websites linked to or from the Website, or in connection with the services provided on the Website. All other inquiries directed to the Company Secretary/ Manager- Legal will not be responded to. Such inquiries should be made through the feedback procedure referenced in the Website.V. Privacy PolicyWe value the trust our Users place in us. A reason we insist upon the highest standards for secure transactions and privacy of customer information. The following paragraphs elaborate on our information gathering and dissemination practices of our Website.Our privacy policy is subject to change at any time without notice. To make sure you are aware of any changes, please review this policy periodically. By visiting and using the Website, you expressly consent and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Privacy Policy and to use and disclosure of your information as stated herein. This Privacy Policy is incorporated into and subject to the Terms of Use.Collection of Personally Identifiable Information and other InformationYou can generally browse the side without providing any personal information – however certain activities may require you to register [e.g. making a purchase / entering a contest etc] and / or provide personal information. We may collect personal information in the nature of your name including first and last name, primary and alternate email address, mobile phone number and contact details, Postal code, Demographic profile (like your age, gender, occupation, education, address etc.). Apart from personal information, we may also collect browsing related information, including but not limited to URL that you just came from (whether this URL is on our Website or not), which URL you next go to (whether this URL is on our Website or not), your computer browser information, and your IP address etc.Manner of Collection of such InformationYour personally identifiable information is collected as part of a voluntary registration process or a contest or on-line surveys or any combination thereof. The Site and third-party vendors, including Google, use first-party cookies (example: Google Analytics cookie etc) and third-party cookies (example: DoubleClick cookie etc) together to inform, optimize, and serve ads based on someone's past visits to the Site.Use of Demographic / Profile Data / Your InformationThe information collected is primarily used to provide the services requested by you including to contact you if so required. The service(s) may be provided by Us or by our business partners, affiliates and/or service providers hired for this purpose. We will also use the information to store transaction history as may be required by prevailing laws and/our internal policies. Secondary usage of personal information includes but is not limited to – providing personalised features on the site, to send general or personalized promotions, offers and other marketing material, to contact you as a survey respondent, to ask you to participate in contests and inform you if you win a contest, to send you promotional materials from Us or from contest sponsors / advertisers / partners and affiliates.The information may also be used to serve various promotional and advertising materials to you via display advertisements through the Google Ad network on third party websites. As a user / customer you can opt out of Google Analytics for Display Advertising at any time and/or customize Google Display network ads using the Ads Preferences Manager. At an aggregate level, information about customers (excluding any information that may identify you specifically) covering your transaction data / demographics / location data or similar data may be provided to Our to improve your shopping experience, for creating additional features on our Website, creating appropriate merchandising or new products / services / offerings and conducting marketing research and / or statistical analysis of customer behaviour / transactions.Sharing of personal informationWe may share personal information with our other corporate entities and affiliates to help detect and prevent identity theft, fraud and other potentially illegal acts; correlate related or multiple accounts to prevent abuse of our services; and to facilitate joint or co-branded services that you request where such services are provided by more than one corporate entity. Those entities and affiliates may not market to you as a result of such sharing unless you explicitly opt-in.We may disclose personal information if required to do so by law or in the good faith belief that such disclosure is reasonably necessary to respond to subpoenas, court orders, or other legal process. We may disclose personal information to law enforcement offices, third party rights owners, or others in the good faith belief that such disclosure is reasonably necessary to: enforce our Terms or Privacy Policy; respond to claims that an advertisement, posting or other content violates the rights of a third party; or protect the rights, property or personal safety of our users or the general public.We and our affiliates will share / sell some or all of your personal information with another business entity should We (or our assets) plan to merge with, or be acquired by that business entity, or re-organization, amalgamation, restructuring of business. Should such a transaction occur that other business entity (or the new combined entity) will be required to follow this privacy policy with respect to your personal information.Links to Other SitesOur Website links to other websites that may collect personally identifiable information about you. eBZaar.com and YIPL are not responsible for the privacy practices or the content of those linked websites which it does not own, manage or control.Choice as a User / CustomerWe deploy place appropriate physical, electronic and managerial procedures to protect against the loss, misuse and alteration of the information shared with Us. It includes granting access to only authorized personnel on a need to know basis and/or to enable Us to complete the transaction and to provide the services requested by you. While we deploy appropriate controls and take all reasonable care to safeguard the confidentiality of your personally identifiable information, you understand that transmissions made by means of the Internet cannot be made absolutely secure. By using our Website you agree that We will have no liability for disclosure of your information resulting out of errors in transmission or unauthorized acts of third parties.Advertisements on eBZaar.comWe use third-party advertising companies to serve ads when you visit our Website. These companies may use information (not including your name, address, email address, or telephone number) about your visits to this and other websites in order to provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you.Your ConsentBy using the Website and/ or by providing your information, you consent to the collection and use of the information you disclose on the Website in accordance with this Privacy Policy, including but not limited to Your consent for sharing your information as per this privacy policy.If we decide to change our privacy policy, we will post those changes on this page so that you are always aware of what information we collect, how we use it, and under what circumstances we disclose it.Grievance OfficerIn accordance with Information Technology Act 2000 and rules made there under, the name and contact details of the Grievance Officer are provided below:The Grievance OfficerYamini India Private Limited (Unit: eBZaar)129, Blue Rose Industrial Estate,Western Express Highway, Borivali EastMumbai - 400066Email: [email protected]?Questions regarding this statement should be directed to the following address: [email protected]. SecuritySafe and Secure Shopping1. Is it safe to use my credit/debit card on ebzaar?Your online transaction on ebzaar Website is secure with the highest levels of transaction security currently available on the Internet. YIPL uses payment gateway services from Citrus Pay [“Citrus”]. Once a user decides to pay online, he is taken to Citrus’ checkout page where s/he can enter all the information and complete the payment. Citrus has a PCI-DSS Level-1 certificate which makes the payment process remarkably secure.In addition, Banks now use the 3D Secure password service for online transactions, providing an additional layer of security through identity verification.2. Does YIPL store my credit/debit card information?YIPL stores the first 6 and last 4 digits of your card number in a secure and encrypted manner. The first 6 digits (also known as the Bank Identification Number) are used to identify the bank name and country where your card was issued. The first 6 and last 4 digits are together used for fraud detection and prevention purposes.3. What credit/debit cards are accepted on YIPL?We accept VISA, MasterCard, Maestro and RuPay credit/debit cards.4. Do you accept payment made by credit/debit cards issued in other countriesYes! We accept VISA, MasterCard, Maestro and RuPaycredit/debit cards issued by banks in India as also from few selected countries. The list of countries is constantly reviewed and upgraded. For more information, you can contact [email protected]. What other payment options are available on the Website?Apart from Credit and Debit Cards, we accept payments by Internet Banking covering 30+ banks including all major private sector, public sector banks.VII Privacy Policy​eBZaar.com respects your privacy and is committed to protecting it. For more details on our Privacy Policy, please see ebzaar.com/privacy-policy.”