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Laravel - The PHP Framework For Web ArtisansFeaturesThe following features serve as Laravel's key design points (where not specifically noted, descriptions refer to the features of Laravel 3):Bundles provide a modular packaging system since the release of Laravel 3, with bundled features already available for easy addition to applications. Furthermore, Laravel 4 uses Composer as a dependency manager to add framework-agnostic and Laravel-specific PHP packages available from the Packagist repository.Eloquent ORM (object-relational mapping) is an advanced PHP implementation of the active record pattern, providing at the same time internal methods for enforcing constraints on the relationships between database objects. Following the active record pattern, Eloquent ORM presents database tables as classes, with their object instances tied to single table rows.Query builder, available since Laravel 4, provides a more direct database access alternative to the Eloquent ORM. Instead of requiring SQL queries to be written directly, Laravel's query builder provides a set of classes and methods capable of building queries programmatically. It also allows selectable caching of the results of executed queries.Application logic is an integral part of developed applications, implemented either by using controllers or as part of the route declarations. The syntax used to define application logic is similar to the one used by Sinatra framework.Reverse routing defines a relationship between the links and routes, making it possible for later changes to routes to be automatically propagated into relevant links. When the links are created by using names of existing routes, the appropriate uniform resource identifiers (URIs) are automatically created by Laravel.Restful controllers provide an optional way for separating the logic behind serving HTTP GET and POST requests.Class auto loading provides automated loading of PHP classes without the need for manual maintenance of inclusion paths. On-demand loading prevents inclusion of unnecessary components, so only the actually used components are loaded.View composers serve as customizable logical code units that can be executed when a view is loaded.Blade templating engine combines one or more templates with a data model to produce resulting views, doing that by transpiling the templates into cached PHP code for improved performance. Blade also provides a set of its own control structures such as conditional statements and loops, which are internally mapped to their PHP counterparts. Furthermore, Laravel services may be called from Blade templates, and the templating engine itself can be extended with custom directives.IoC containers make it possible for new objects to be generated by following the inversion of control (IoC) principle, in which the framework calls into the application- or task-specific code, with optional instantiating and referencing of new objects as singletons.Migrations provide a version control system for database schemas, making it possible to associate changes in the application's codebase and required changes in the database layout. As a result, this feature simplifies the deployment and updating of Laravel-based applications.Database seeding provides a way to populate database tables with selected default data that can be used for application testing or be performed as part of the initial application setup.Unit testing is provided as an integral part of Laravel,[10]:61–62 which itself contains unit tests that detect and prevent regressions in the framework. Unit tests can be run through the provided artisan command-line utility.Automatic pagination simplifies the task of implementing pagination, replacing the usual manual implementation approaches with automated methods integrated into Laravel.Form request is a feature of Laravel 5 that serves as the base for form input validation by internally binding event listeners, resulting in automated invoking of the form validation methods and generation of the actual form.

Flask started as a project to show you how you can build your own framework on existing Python toolkits. Actually, Flask started as an April Fool’s joke in 2010. Several Micro frameworks had been appearing in the python community, offering their own set of interfaces to build web services and application entirely in one .py file. Having built werkzeug (a web programming toolkit) and Jinja2 (a templating engine), Armin Ronacher zipped these two projects, put the zip file base-64 encoded into a .py file, added a few small functions, and called it the Denied Framework.This was Flask’s beginning, the microframework with good intentions. Flask aimed to provide a good developer experience with clear, simple interfaces packaged with useful documentation, a thorough test suite, and careful thought to production issues and backward/forward-compatibility across releases. Flask demonstrates how to build a thin layer on top of Werkzeug and Jinja.It is one of the most widely used python web framework for startups and is becoming commonly accepted as the perfect tool for quick and simple solution in most businesses. At its core, it provides a set of powerful libraries for handling the most common web development tasks such as:· URL Routing that makes it easy to map URL to your code.· Template rendering with Jinja2, one of the most powerful python template engine· Session Management and Serving Cookies.· HTTP request parsing and flexible response handling.· Interactive web based debugger· Easy to use, flexible application configuration management.· Hundreds of awesome community extensions.· Designed to be minimal and has an active Ecosystem.· Excellent database ORM library and extensions for this task.Unlike other popular python web framework, such as Django, flask does not enforce ways of structuring your modules on your code. Flask was designed as an extensible framework from the ground up; it provides a solid core with the basic services, while extensions provide the rest. Because you can pick and choose the extension packages that you want, you end up with a lean stack that has no bloat and does exactly what you need.Flask has two main dependencies. The routing, debugging, and web server gateway Interface (WSGI) subsystems come from Werkzeug, while template support is provided by Jinja2. Werkzeug and Jinja2 are authored by the core developers of Flask.There is no native support in Flask for accessing databases, validating web forms, authenticating users or other high-level tasks. These and many other key services most web applications needs are available through extensions that integrate with the core packages. As a developer, we only have the power to cherry-pick the extensions that work best for our project or even write our own if we feel inclined to. This is in contrast with the larger framework, where most choices have been made for you and are hard or sometimes impossible to change.

The Most Starred Packages section on npm is a good starting point (numbers = stars):express Fast, unopinionated, minimalist web framework - 482async Higher-order functions and common patterns for asynchronous code - 280grunt The JavaScript Task Runner - 236request Simplified HTTP request client. - 219socket.io node.js realtime framework server - 206lodash A utility library delivering consistency, customization, performance, & extras. - 205gulp The streaming build system - 170mocha simple, flexible, fun test framework - 164mongoose Mongoose MongoDB ODM - 151underscore JavaScript's functional programming helper library. - 146hapi HTTP Server framework - 116commander the complete solution for node.js command-line programs - 111jade Jade template engine - 102browserify browser-side require() the node way - 101redis Redis client library - 100colors get colors in your node.js console like what - 89moment Parse, manipulate, and display dates. - 87coffee-script Unfancy JavaScript - 80connect High performance middleware framework - 80passport Simple, unobtrusive authentication for Node.js. - 75nodemailer Easy as cake e-mail sending from your Node.js applications - 74q A library for promises (CommonJS/Promises/A,B,D) - 69bower The browser package manager - 67sails API-driven framework for building realtime apps, using MVC conventions (based on Express and Socket.IO) - 64cheerio Tiny, fast, and elegant implementation of core jQuery designed specifically for the server - 62optimist Light-weight option parsing with an argv hash. No optstrings attached. - 62jshint Static analysis tool for JavaScript - 61mongodb A node.js driver for MongoDB - 60uglify-js JavaScript parser, mangler/compressor and beautifier toolkit - 60chalk Terminal string styling done right. Created because the `colors` module does some really horrible things. - 58mysql A node.js driver for mysql. It is written in JavaScript, does not require compiling, and is 100% MIT licensed. - 57nodemon Simple monitor script for use during development of a node.js app. - 57stylus Robust, expressive, and feature-rich CSS superset - 56mkdirp Recursively mkdir, like `mkdir -p` - 54validator String validation and sanitization - 53grunt-contrib-watch Run predefined tasks whenever watched file patterns are added, changed or deleted. - 49debug small debugging utility - 48winston A multi-transport async logging library for Node.js - 47forever A simple CLI tool for ensuring that a given node script runs continuously (i.e. forever) - 44formidable A node.js module for parsing form data, especially file uploads. - 44node-inspector Web Inspector based nodeJS debugger - 44koa Koa web app framework - 43grunt-cli The grunt command line interface. - 42marked A markdown parser built for speed - 42npm A package manager for node - 42bcrypt A bcrypt library for NodeJS. - 41shelljs Portable Unix shell commands for Node.js - 41glob a little globber - 40chai BDD/TDD assertion library for node.js and the browser. Test framework agnostic. - 39bluebird Full featured Promises/A+ implementation with exceptionally good performance - 37grunt-contrib-uglify Minify files with UglifyJS. - 37less Leaner CSS - 34minimist parse argument options - 34node-uuid Rigorous implementation of RFC4122 (v1 and v4) UUIDs. - 34through simplified stream contsruction - 33grunt-contrib-jshint Validate files with JSHint. - 32mime A comprehensive library for mime-type mapping - 32should test framework agnostic BDD-style assertions - 32gm GraphicsMagick and ImageMagick for node.js - 31gulp-uglify Minify files with UglifyJS. - 31restify REST framework - 31backbone Give your JS App some Backbone with Models, Views, Collections, and Events. - 30pm2 Modern CLI process manager for Node apps with a builtin load-balancer - 30event-stream construct pipes of streams of events - 29n node version manager - 29xml2js Simple XML to JavaScript object converter. - 28ejs Embedded JavaScript templates - 27ws simple to use, blazing fast and thoroughly tested websocket client, server and console for node.js, up-to-date against RFC-6455 - 27grunt-contrib-cssmin Compress CSS files. - 26http-server a simple zero-configuration command-line http server - 26inquirer A collection of common interactive command line user interfaces. - 26jsdom A JavaScript implementation of the DOM and HTML standards - 26gulp-concat Concatenates files - 25http-proxy HTTP proxying for the masses - 25pg PostgreSQL client - pure javascript & libpq with the same API - 25sequelize Multi dialect ORM for Node.JS - 25yo CLI tool for running Yeoman generators - 25bearcat a POJOs based application framework for node.js - 24grunt-contrib-copy Copy files and folders. - 24istanbul Yet another JS code coverage tool that computes statement, line, function and branch coverage with module loader hooks to transparently add coverage when running tests. Supports all JS coverage use cases including unit tests, server side functional tests - 24grunt-contrib-clean Clean files and folders. - 23handlebars Handlebars provides the power necessary to let you build semantic templates effectively with no frustration - 23levelup Fast & simple storage - a Node.js-style LevelDB wrapper - 23nconf Hierarchical node.js configuration with files, environment variables, command-line arguments, and atomic object merging. - 23superagent elegant & feature rich browser / node HTTP with a fluent API - 23bunyan a JSON logging library for node.js services - 22grunt-contrib-concat Concatenate files. - 22minimatch a glob matcher in javascript - 22npm-check-updates Find newer versions of dependencies than what your package.json allows - 22yeoman The Yeoman CLI is deprecated. See Page on yeoman.io for more info. - 22esprima ECMAScript parsing infrastructure for multipurpose analysis - 21jquery JavaScript library for DOM operations - 21markdown A sensible Markdown parser for javascript - 21phantomjs Headless WebKit with JS API - 21supertest Super-agent driven library for testing HTTP servers - 21csv CSV parser with simple api, full of options and tested against large datasets. - 20grunt-contrib-imagemin Minify images - 20rimraf A deep deletion module for node (like `rm -rf`) - 20tap A Test-Anything-Protocol library - 20co generator async flow control goodness - 19