Word Within The Word List 14: Fill & Download for Free

I never answered any questions. I just could not stop answering this brilliant question. That is the beauty of my second mother Tamil. Why I call Tamil as my second mother? Because, Tamil teaches me about life and how to live in this world sometimes more than my mother.According to me, all languages are just the vocal and pictorial representation of human emotions and the emotions of all human beings are same around the world. Then why Tamil is unique for its lovers? The answer is, though all the buildings are made up of roofs, walls and floors (which is enough for anyone to live happily) some buildings are unique simply for their architecture excellence. Similarly, I find Tamil as unique just for its linguistic architecture excellence. Many times the architectural wonder of Tamil can become the adventure of life.I always wonder its linguistic architecture marvelousness and excellence. Every word in tamil is infact chiseled, carved/coined and beautifully stuffed with the meaning of those words within the word itself, by the person(s) who has created the thamilzh words to mind boggling perfection. Some of the gigantic philosophies/secrets/facts of life are enclosed within very short simple words and verses just like pills/capsules (might be for easy to remember forever) which are simply mind blowing.Some droplets of the mighty ocean are as below:1. Repeat the word thamilzh fastly (thamilzhthamilzhthamilzh...). You will end up saying Amilzhthu Amilzhthu Amilzhthu .... - Amilzhthu means sweet nectar in tamil. So the name "THAMILZH" itself means sweet nectar. May be, that is why The word "Thamilzh" itself is the gender neutral name of many Tamils. Can any language beat this marvelous linguistic architecture? The very beginning of the language itself is a sample of marvelousness ...2. Kadavul = Kada + vul = GodKada means Travel, Vul means inside - Kadavul means God - Yes, the tamil linguistic scientist says, to find God don't simply search outside... just you get inside of yourself to find your God of worship. Amazing piece of linguistic architecture excellence, isn't it?3. Kadhal = Kadhu + Al (my interpretation) = LoveKadhu means Ear. Al means inform. Kadhal means The thing that is meant to be whispered or informed in the ears. Kadhal means Love. Yes, love is something to be whispered in the ears of the lover softly. " I love you, Thamilzh". What a wonderful carving/coinage?4. Kanavan = Kan + avan = HusbandKan means Eyes. Avan means He. Kanavan means Husband. Yes, this husband of mine is like my eyes. That is why I call him as my Kanavan.5. Manaivi = Manam + Ivi = WifeManam means Soul. Vi means lady owner. Manaivi means Wife. Yes, this wife of mine is the owner of my soul (soul is the home of emotions). That is why I call her as my Manaivi.6. Thunaivan = Thoon + Ivan = HusbandThoon means pillar. Ivan means He. Thunaivan means husband. Yes, my husband is my partner who would support me like a pillar forever. That is why I call him as my Thunaivan.Similar meaning can be derived for the words: Thunaivi = Thoon + Ivi = Wife, Thunai = Thoon + I = Companion etc.,7. Koil = Ko + IL = TempleKo means the King or the supreme. IL means residence. Koil means Temple. Yes, Temple is the residence of the supreme.8. Amma - MotherTo enjoy this word, you consider yourself as a novice toddler. Just open your mouth. You end up saying "AAA..". Just close your mouth with a pleasant feeling (because this is for mother whose love is musical). you end up saying "MMM...". Again just open your mouth. You end up saying "AAA...". Finally you just pronounced the easiest musical word on the earth "AMMA" meaning Mother.Appa - FatherSimilarly to spell APPA, Just open your mouth. You end up saying "AAA..". Just close your mouth with some hard feeling or fear (because this is for father who is known for being strict without any reason). you end up saying "PPP...". Again just open your mouth. You end up saying "AAA...". Finally you just pronounced the funniest strict word on the earth "APPA" meaning Father.(I never encourage my kid to call me or my wife as daddy, mummy when thereare such a wonderful scientifically/emotionally carved words like AMMA and APPA in Tamil)9. Cholzhan = Choru + AzhanChoru means food. Azhan means giver. The kings of Tamil Chola dynasty are called as cholzhans to mean that they are the givers of food unlimitedly, unconditionally anytime and to anybody. That is why they were called as Cholzhans.10. Vanakkam = Vanangu + AmVanangu means worship. Vanakkam is the word used for wishing somebody. For tamils, vanakkam means not just a wish, it is a wish with worship.11. Thirumanam = Thiru + Manam = MarriageThiru means God. MaNAm (with a different NA) means Fragrance. Thirumanam means Marriage. Yes, marriage is the fragrance created by the God in one's life.12. Valimai = Vali + maiVali means pain. Valimai means strength. The word valimai is carved out of vali. Tamil says, without pain there is no possibility of having strength.13. Murugan = Ma + UruganMa(nam) means soul. Urugan means the person who melts. Yes, the great Murugan, the Tamil lord and god is the person who can melt anybody’s soul or heart.14. Anma = Aalzh + MaAalzh means the deepest. Ma(nam) means soul. Yes, Anma is the deepest soul.Well, This list can go on and on endlessly....(Thanks to my incredibly inspiring tamil teachers who have taught me all these.)Similarly, for every single word in Tamil, you can find your own interpretation and just keep admiring the wonderful intelligence and brilliance of the people who have chiseled, carved/coined and beautifully stuffed the meaning of those words within the words itself to perfection.YOU MIGHT CERTAINLY END UP CALLING THAMILZH AS, THE WONDER OF THE WORLD... (WITHOUT YOUR CONSCIENCE)Jai Hind and Valzhga Thamilzh !!

rubs hands togetherAh, a researchy answer. I like these.My first question was whether this was unique to the Indo-European languages: papillon from French, Schmetterling from German, titli from Hindi, mariposa from Spanish, borboleta from Portuguese, and vlinder from Dutch. The weird thing here is not that different languages have different terms for “butterfly” - that’s normal - but that the word varies so much within the same family.A quick look at the translations says that the answer is no, apparently not. The Austronesian family (Indonesian, Malay, Filipino, Hawaiian, etc.) historically changes slowly, but the words for “butterfly” vary similarly.While scanning the words, a pattern emerges:contains an /l/ or /r/begins with a /b/ or /p/(often) duplicated partsFor example:birrabirro (Amharic)pilpintu (Aymara)pinpirin (Basque)burrudir (Darkinjung)papalotl (Nahuatl)perhonen (Finnish)balabalaa (Gamiliaray)petaloúda (Greek)ṗeṗela (Georgian)pakkaluaq (Greenlandic)birabira (Hadiyya)pulelehua (Hawaiian)parpar (Hebrew)olookolombooka (Igbo) (doesn’t really fit the pattern but it’s a great word)paruparo (Tagalog)To my knowledge, the above are all completely unrelated to one another.This phenomenon is mentioned in Beeman 2001:The terms for butterfly have several things that generally unite them: they involve a degree of repetitious sound symbolism, (Hebrew parpar; Italian farfale) […] In each case, with the many cases of reiterated b's, p's, l's and f's (in widely separated language families) one can almost hear the gentle rustle of butterfly wings and see their repetitive motion.[1]However, it’s important to note that this is definitely not a solid rule. If you take a look at the translations list I’ve linked above, the words that fit this pattern are by far in the minority. The unique words that do conform number less than twenty out of a couple hundred. While it’s interesting, there is nothing magical going on here.What about their meanings? I’ve chosen some examples from languages in the same family (Indo-European), and gone through what etymological material I could find:butterfly (English): Old English buttorfleoge, evidently butter + fly, but the name is of obscure signification. Perhaps based on the old notion that the insects (or, according to Grimm, witches disguised as butterflies) consume butter or milk that is left uncovered. Or, less creatively, simply because the pale yellow color of many species' wings suggests the color of butter.[2] (It is not from “flutterby”.)papillon (French): Probably a reduplicated form of Proto-Indo-European *pal- (“to feel, touch, shake”).[3]Schmetterling (German): From Schmetten (“cream”) due to an old belief that witches transformed themselves into butterflies to steal cream and other milk products. (Contrast the etymology of English butterfly.)[4]sommerfugl (Danish): From sommer (“summer”) +‎ fugl (“bird”), maybe from Middle Low German somervogel.[5]titlī (Hindi): From Sanskrit tittarī, also meaning “butterfly” Could not find any data beyond this. Those with sources are encouraged to share.mariposa (Spanish): From the phrase María pósate (“Mary, alight!”).[6]borboleta (Portuguese): Possible etymologies include:Old Portuguese *belbeleta, from Vulgar Latin *belbellita, from bellus (“beautiful”).Vulgar Latin *papilitta, from Latin pāpiliō (“butterfly”).[7][This would make it related to papillon.]vlinder (Dutch): From the verb vlinderen, “to flutter”.[8]tykki Duw (Cornish): From tykki (“pretty thing”) + Duw (“God”), i.e. “God’s pretty thing”.babochka (Russian): Diminutive of бабка (babka, “old woman, grandmother”), from the folk belief that spirits of the dead live on as butterflies.[9]tʿitʿeṙ (Armenian): Reduplication on the basis of *թեր- (*tʿer-), from Proto-Indo-European *pter- (“feather; wing”).[10]féileacán (Irish): Likely from Old Irish etelachán (“little flying creature, butterfly”), from etelach (“flying, that flies”) +‎ -án.[11]parvâne (Persian): From Middle Persian plwʾnk' (parwānag, “guide, leader”).[12]petalouda (Greek): άγνωστης ετυμολογίας, πιθανόν από το πετηλίς, ακρίδα.[13] (The etymology is uncertain, but it’s probably from “petal”.)There is no immediate connection across these. Look closer, though, and you notice that they refer to literal or culturally metaphorical aspects of the butterfly, and not the insect itself.Butterflies are witches that steal butter; they’re “shaky” critters; they’re beautiful; they’re spirits of the dead; they’re little flying creatures; they’re pretty gods; they’re guides and leaders; their wings are petals.Beeman mentions this in the article mentioned above; he says “[the words for ‘butterfly’] use visual and auditory cultural metaphors to express the [‘butterfly’] concept”. But is this unique to the Indo-European languages?In Nahuatl, a butterfuly is a papalotl, “one who sips”; in Swahili, it’s kipepeo, “fan”. One of the more interesting ones is Thai pǐi-sʉ̂ʉa, literally “guardian or mentor spirit”, “due to the old belief that they embody ancestral or tutelar spirits.”[14]In Zulu, it’s uvemvane, from veva (“to flutter”), in a sense related to vava (“brittle”), “so called from their changing state in nature, as well as their undulating motion”.[15] Hebrew’s parpar comes similarly from the word for “flutter”.Note that there are plenty of words that come directly from a proto-language’s word for “butterfly”: Mandarin húdié is from Old Chinese *ɡaː l'eːb, ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lep; Finnish liipo is from Proto-Uralic *lüppe; the Turkic languages all use some variant of kelepek, from a similar Proto-Turkic term meaning simply “butterfly”.Next question: is this necessarily unique to “butterfly”? I chose the word “dragonfly” to test this, again using Wiktionary’s list of translations. From only the Indo-European family:dragonfly (English): From dragon + fly. An older name for it was adderbolt (late 15c.), for its shape.[16]libellule (French): Borrowed from scientific Latin libellula, from Latin libella[, both “dragonfly”],[17] diminutive of libra (“scale” (the tool), “level”), a Mediterranean substrate word, original form something like *lithra, surviving also in Ancient Greek lítra, whence English “litre”[18].vyaadh patang (Hindi): Literally “kite hunter”.øyenstikker (Norwegian): Literally “eye stinger”.guldsmed (Danish): Literally “goldsmith”.trollslända (Swedish): Literally “troll’s spindle”.snáthaid mhór (Irish): Literally “great needle”.čpuṙ (Armenian): Origin unknown.strekoza (Russian): Происходит от неустановленной формы; сравнивают со стрекать в знач. «прыгать» или «колоть», также со стрекотать. Что касается знач. «колоть», то ср. тараническ.[19] (Probably connected to the words “jump” or “prick”.)sanjâqak (Persian): Could not find any data. Those with sources are encouraged to share.aceitera (Asturian): Literally “oilcan”.And so on. These words also use visual and auditory cultural metaphors to express the “dragonfly” concept.While variants of the word libelulla (cf. Dutch libel, German Libelle, Spanish libélula, etc.) are more pervasive than the most common European term for “butterfly” (namely forms of papillio), there’s equivalent variety to be found in translations of “dragonfly”.So perhaps there’s nothing particularly special about different words for “butterfly”; the words for “dragonfly” within a single family (Indo-European here) is equally diverse, and I would expect this to be reflected in others as well.Finally, why do these words change so much? Why is there such a degree of diversity, even if it’s not unique to a specific word?For this, see Brian Collins’ answer here on the topic. The relevant parts are these two paragraphs:There are many common insects that I, and most speakers of any language, do not know the name for. Just because butterflies are significant in languages now, does not necessarily mean they were significant to people thousands of years ago.The concept of a butterfly may be significant to you now in our English culture, but that doesn't mean it always was, or that the category of "butterfly" is semantically the same cross-linguistically. Butterflies are not that important. They are not one of those high frequency words that every speaker was guaranteed to hear as they acquired a language.In other words, it’s a less-than-crucial item of vocabulary - one that you probably didn’t use or read today before this answer - so it’s more prone to replacement. There’s also often no distinction between butterflies and moths; in fact, in a comment on that answer, he mentions that “English and German both did not develop words for the animal until the middle ages”.So to answer your question, there’s nothing special in “butterfly” differing so much, and they differ because they’re uncommon words and are prone to differing.Thanks for asking!Footnotes[1] http://apps.cla.umn.edu/directory/items/publication/301162.pdf[2] Origin and meaning of butterfly by Online Etymology Dictionary[3] papilio - Wiktionary[4] Schmetterling - Wiktionary[5] sommerfugl - Wiktionary[6] mariposa - Wiktionary[7] borboleta - Wiktionary[8] http://www.etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/vlinder[9] бабочка - Wiktionary[10] թիթեռն - Wiktionary[11] féileacán - Wiktionary[12] پروانه - Wiktionary[13] πεταλούδα - Βικιλεξικό[14] ผีเสื้อ - Wiktionary[15] Etymologically Explained, with Copious Illustrations and Examples ...[16] Origin and meaning of dragonfly by Online Etymology Dictionary[17] libellule - Wiktionary[18] libra - Wiktionary[19] стрекоза - Викисловарь

Indonesian dictionaries are organised by roots because the language is based on roots. Concepts of verbs, nouns, adjectives are completely meaningless to us, because we derive meaning from adding suffixes and prefixes to roots.For example:(i) Lack of grammatical correlation between Indonesian and other languages: eg. menarik = interestingIn all the other languages I am familiar with, 'interesting' is listed as a adjective (interesante in Spanish and интересный in Russian). However, it is a verb in Indonesian. The word comes from the root word "tarik", which is a verb that means "to pull". "Menarik" thus literally means "something that pulls/that which pulls". Indonesians don't perceive the word "menarik" as an adjective, or even a verb. Indonesians see the word "menarik" and automatically know that it comes from the root word"tarik". Indo-European grammatical concepts are thus rendered pretty much useless in Indonesian***.*** EDIT: A few people have brought this up, and I do wish to make a correction. I typed that sentence in haste and I realise the error I made. Grammatical functions are definitely not meaningless in Indonesian; grammatical functions in the language are, however, far more fluid and flexible and can't always be taken at face-value.Edit(ii) If we were to group words by words and not roots, the Indonesian dictionary would be a right mess. Nothing would be grouped together right and it will be much more difficult to find semantic links. Many prefixes and suffixes are the same and to find different words you're going to have to go through tens of thousands of semantically-different words with the same prefixes. I wouldn't wish that on my worst enemy! Let's explore this a little further:All of the prefixes and suffixes highlighted in red and the most common affix-pairings in the Indonesian language. Let's say you want to look up the meaning of "menyetujui". Are you seriously going to want to look through three thousand entries beginning with "meny-", instead of just looking the word up through its root?(3) Semantic links: To reinforce the previous point, I think that the beauty of the Indonesian language lies precisely in its flexibility and creativity in creating new meanings through affixes. There are so many ways you can manipulate a root to form new adverbs, adjectives, idioms, nouns and verbs; separating them in a dictionary would just make the whole language lose its identity. Also, a lot of the affix pairings create meanings that have absolutely no literal translation in English (or in most other languages). Taking the previous root "tuju" as an example, we've got:tuju: direction; coursemenuju: towards; heading in the general direction towardsmenujui: towardsmenujukan: to direct at; to intend fortertuju: directed at; aimed attujuan: direction; course; heading; goal; destination; tendencybertujuan*: to have a goal; objective or aimpenuju*: something liked; an attraction; liking; attractivesetuju: harmonious; in corcordance; in agreement; to concur; to agree; to acquiesebersetuju: to agree; to come to an agreement; to correspond with [intransitive]menyetujui: to agree to; accept; acquiesce; approve; assent; accede to; sanction; ratifymenyetujukan*: to make something accept; to make something accede tomempersetujukan*: to make something accept; to make something accede to [more emphatic]persetujuan*: agreement; consensus; approval; assent; conformity; the process of agreeing, conceding, approvingsetujuan: an agreement; conformitybersetujuan*: to have conformity with; to be in agreement withkesetujuan: something that has been agreed upon; agreement[And also a few more not included in this dictionary:] ketidaksetujuan: disapproval; dissent; disapprobationdisetujui: something that is agreed by [animate]dipersetujukan: something that is agreed up [more emphatic]dituju: headed for; aimed atditujukan: directed at; aimed at; addressed toThis s just a very rough translation of these words, but the ones I've marked in asterisks don't have relevant English one-word equivalents; the prefixes and suffixes thus create concepts that are not easily translatable within and into different languages.What I am trying to show here are the semantic links between these derived words and their root "tuju". If all of these words were separated and scattered across the dictionary you would have a far harder time understanding how these words relate to one another. When they are grouped together you see the semantic links between the words extremely clearly - in fact, an educated Indonesian wouldn't even have to look at the definitions to know what each conjugated word means; all they need to do is look at the root and its corresponding affix conjugations and they will automatically know their corresponding definitions.(4) Think of it like this: Chinese characters are grouped by radicals, or stroke order and then radicals. Indonesian dictionaries work through a similar concept - the "base" of the word is listed for convenience sake, and their corresponding conjugations and affixes listed below. That is how the language is supposed to work - arranging them like long word lists would be absolutely chaotic.