Form 1 Return Of Organization Exempt From Income Tax 2002: Fill & Download for Free

Key Features of Budget 2016-2017INTRODUCTIONGrowth of Economy accelerated to 7.6% in 2015-16.India hailed as a ‘bright spot’ amidst a slowing global economy by IMF.Robust growth achieved despite very unfavourable global conditionsand two consecutive years shortfall in monsoon by 13%Foreign exchange reserves touched highest ever level of about 350 billion US dollars.Despite increased devolution to States by 55% as a result of the 14thFinance Commission award, plan expenditure increased at RE stage in2015-16 – in contrast to earlier years.CHALLENGES IN 2016-17Risks of further global slowdown and turbulence.Additional fiscal burden due to 7th Central Pay Commissionrecommendations and OROP.ROADMAP & PRIORITIES'Transform India' to have a significant impact on economy and lives ofpeople.Government to focus on –ensuring macro-economic stability and prudent fiscalmanagement.boosting on domestic demandcontinuing with the pace of economic reforms and policyinitiatives to change the lives of our people for the better.Focus on enhancing expenditure in priority areas of - farm and ruralsector, social sector, infrastructure sector employment generation andrecapitalisation of the banks.Focus on Vulnerable sections through:Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima YojanaNew health insurance scheme to protect against hospitalisationexpenditurefacility of cooking gas connection for BPL familiesContinue with the ongoing reform programme and ensure passage ofthe Goods and Service Tax bill and Insolvency and Bankruptcy lawUndertake important reforms by:giving a statutory backing to AADHAR platform to ensure benefits reach the deserving.freeing the transport sector from constraints and restrictionsincentivising gas discovery and exploration by providingcalibrated marketing freedomenactment of a comprehensive law to deal with resolution offinancial firmsprovide legal framework for dispute resolution andre-negotiations in PPP projects and public utility contractsundertake important banking sector reforms and public listing ofgeneral insurance companies undertake significant changes in FDIpolicy.AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS’ WELFAREAllocation for Agriculture and Farmers’ welfare is ₹ 35,984 crore‘Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana’ to be implemented in missionmode. 28.5 lakh hectares will be brought under irrigation.Implementation of 89 irrigation projects under AIBP, which arelanguishing for a long time, will be fast trackedA dedicated Long Term Irrigation Fund will be created in NABARD withan initial corpus of about ₹ 20,000 croreProgramme for sustainable management of ground water resourceswith an estimated cost of ₹ 6,000 crore will be implemented through multilateral funding5 lakh farm ponds and dug wells in rain fed areas and 10 lakh compostpits for production of organic manure will be taken up under MGNREGASoil Health Card scheme will cover all 14 crore farm holdings by March2017.2,000 model retail outlets of Fertilizer companies will be provided withsoil and seed testing facilities during the next three yearsPromote organic farming through ‘Parmparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana’ and 'Organic Value Chain Development in North East Region'.Unified Agricultural Marketing ePlatform to provide a common e- market platform for wholesale marketsAllocation under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana increased to `19,000 crore. Will connect remaining 65,000 eligible habitations by2019.To reduce the burden of loan repayment on farmers, a provision of ₹15,000 crore has been made in the BE 2016-17 towards interestsubventionAllocation under Prime Minister Fasal Bima Yojana ₹ 5,500 crore.850 crore for four dairying projects - ‘Pashudhan Sanjivani’, ‘NakulSwasthya Patra’, ‘E-Pashudhan Haat’ and National Genomic Centre forindigenous breedsRURAL SECTORAllocation for rural sector - ₹ 87,765 crore.₹ 2.87 lakh crore will be given as Grant in Aid to Gram Panchayats andMunicipalities as per the recommendations of the 14th FinanceCommissionEvery block under drought and rural distress will be taken up as anintensive Block under the Deen Dayal Antyodaya MissionA sum of ₹ 38,500 crore allocated for MGNREGS.300 Rurban Clusters will be developed under the Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission100% village electrification by 1st May, 2018.District Level Committees under Chairmanship of senior most Lok SabhaMP from the district for monitoring and implementation of designatedCentral Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes.Priority allocation from Centrally Sponsored Schemes to be made toreward villages that have become free from open defecation.A new Digital Literacy Mission Scheme for rural India to cover around 6 crore additional household within the next 3 years.National Land Record Modernisation Programme has been revamped.New scheme Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan proposed with allocationof ₹ 655 crore.SOCIAL SECTOR INCLUDING HEALTH CAREAllocation for social sector including education and health care –₹1,51,581 crore.₹ 2,000 crore allocated for initial cost of providing LPG connections toBPL families.New health protection scheme will provide health cover up to ` Onelakh per family. For senior citizens an additional top-up package up to `30,000 will be provided.3,000 Stores under Prime Minister’s Jan Aushadhi Yojana will beopened during 2016-17.‘National Dialysis Services Programme’ to be started under National Health Mission through PPP mode“Stand Up India Scheme” to facilitate at least two projects per bankbranch. This will benefit at least 2.5 lakh entrepreneurs.National Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Hub to be set up inpartnership with industry associationsAllocation of ₹ 100 crore each for celebrating the Birth Centenary ofPandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay and the 350th Birth Anniversary of GuruGobind Singh.EDUCATION, SKILLS AND JOB CREATION62 new Navodaya Vidyalayas will be openedSarva Shiksha Abhiyan to increasing focus on quality of educationRegulatory architecture to be provided to ten public and ten privateinstitutions to emerge as world-class Teaching and Research InstitutionsHigher Education Financing Agency to be set-up with initial capital baseof ₹ 1000 CroresDigital Depository for School Leaving Certificates, College Degrees,Academic Awards and Mark sheets to be set-up.SKILL DEVELOPMENTAllocation for skill development – ₹ 1804. crore.1500 Multi Skill Training Institutes to be set-up.National Board for Skill Development Certification to be setup inpartnership with the industry and academiaEntrepreneurship Education and Training through Massive Open OnlineCoursesJOB CREATIONGoI will pay contribution of 8.33% for of all new employees enrolling inEPFO for the first three years of their employment. Budget provision of₹ 1000 crore for this scheme.Deduction under Section 80JJAA of the Income Tax Act will be availableto all assesses who are subject to statutory audit under the Act100 Model Career Centres to operational by the end of 2016-17 underNational Career Service.Model Shops and Establishments Bill to be circulated to States.INFRASTRUCTURE AND INVESTMENTTotal investment in the road sector, including PMGSY allocation, wouldbe ₹ 97,000 crore during 2016-17.India’s highest ever kilometres of new highways were awarded in 2015.To approve nearly 10,000 kms of National Highways in 2016-17.Allocation of ₹ 55,000 crore in the Budget for Roads. Additional `15,000 crore to be raised by NHAI through bonds.Total outlay for infrastructure - ₹ 2,21,246 crore.Amendments to be made in Motor Vehicles Act to open up the roadtransport sector in the passenger segmentAction plan for revival of unserved and underserved airports to bedrawn up in partnership with State Governments.To provide calibrated marketing freedom in order to incentivise gasproduction from deep-water, ultra deep-water and high pressure-hightemperature areasComprehensive plan, spanning next 15 to 20 years, to augment theinvestment in nuclear power generation to be drawn up.Steps to re-vitalise PPPs:Public Utility (Resolution of Disputes) Bill will be introduced during2016-17Guidelines for renegotiation of PPP Concession Agreements will beissuedNew credit rating system for infrastructure projects to beintroducedReforms in FDI policy in the areas of Insurance and Pension, AssetReconstruction Companies, Stock Exchanges.100% FDI to be allowed through FIPB route in marketing of foodproducts produced and manufactured in India.A new policy for management of Government investment in PublicSector Enterprises, including disinvestment and strategic sale, approved.FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMSA comprehensive Code on Resolution of Financial Firms to beintroduced.Statutory basis for a Monetary Policy framework and a Monetary PolicyCommittee through the Finance Bill 2016.A Financial Data Management Centre to be set up.RBI to facilitate retail participation in Government securities.New derivative products will be developed by SEBI in the CommodityDerivatives market.Amendments in the SARFAESI Act 2002 to enable the sponsor of an ARCto hold up to 100% stake in the ARC and permit non institutionalinvestors to invest in Securitization Receipts.Comprehensive Central Legislation to be bought to deal with themenace of illicit deposit taking schemes.Increasing members and benches of the Securities Appellate Tribunal.Allocation of ₹ 25,000 crore towards recapitalisation of Public SectorBanks.Target of amount sanctioned under Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojanaincreased to ₹ 1,80,000 crore.General Insurance Companies owned by the Government to be listed inthe stock exchanges.GOVERNANCE AND EASE OF DOING BUSINESSA Task Force has been constituted for rationalisation of human resources in various Ministries.Comprehensive review and rationalisation of Autonomous Bodies.Bill for Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services by using the Aadhar framework to be introduced.Introduce DBT on pilot basis for fertilizer.Automation facilities will be provided in 3 lakh fair price shops byMarch 2017.Amendments in Companies Act to improve enabling environment for start-ups.Price Stabilisation Fund with a corpus of ₹ 900 crore to help maintainstable prices of Pulses.“Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat” programme will be launched to linkStates and Districts in an annual programme that connects peoplethrough exchanges in areas of language, trade, culture, travel andtourism.FISCAL DISCIPLINEFiscal deficit in RE 2015-16 and BE 2016-17 retained at 3.9% and 3.5%.Revenue Deficit target from 2.8% to 2.5% in RE 2015-16Total expenditure projected at ₹ 19.78 lakh crorePlan expenditure pegged at ₹ 5.50 lakh crore under Plan, increase of15.3%Non-Plan expenditure kept at ₹ 14.28 lakh croresSpecial emphasis to sectors such as agriculture, irrigation, social sectorincluding health, women and child development, welfare of ScheduledCastes and Scheduled Tribes, minorities, infrastructure.Mobilisation of additional finances to the extent of ₹ 31,300 crore byNHAI, PFC, REC, IREDA, NABARD and Inland Water Authority by raisingBonds.Plan / Non-Plan classification to be done away with from 2017-18.Every new scheme sanctioned will have a sunset date and outcomereview.Rationalised and restructured more than 1500 Central Plan Schemesinto about 300 Central Sector and 30 Centrally Sponsored Schemes.Committee to review the implementation of the FRBM Act.RELIEF TO SMALL TAX PAYERSRaise the ceiling of tax rebate under section 87A from ₹2000 to ₹5000to lessen tax burden on individuals with income upto `5 laks.Increase the limit of deduction of rent paid under section 80GG from₹24000 per annum to ₹60000, to provide relief to those who live inrented houses.BOOST EMPLOYMENT AND GROWTHIncrease the turnover limit under Presumptive taxation scheme undersection 44AD of the Income Tax Act to ₹ 2 crores to bring big relief to alarge number of assessees in the MSME category.Extend the presumptive taxation scheme with profit deemed to be 50%,to professionals with gross receipts up to ₹50 lakh.Phasing out deduction under Income Tax:Accelerated depreciation wherever provided in IT Act will belimited to maximum 40% from 1.4.2017Benefit of deductions for Research would be limited to 150% from1.4.2017 and 100% from 1.4.2020Benefit of section 10AA to new SEZ units will be available to thoseunits which commence activity before 31.3.2020.The weighted deduction under section 35CCD for skill developmentwill continue up to 1.4.2020Corporate Tax rate proposals:New manufacturing companies incorporated on or after 1.3.2016to be given an option to be taxed at 25% + surcharge and cessprovided they do not claim profit linked or investment linkeddeductions and do not avail of investment allowance andaccelerated depreciation.Lower the corporate tax rate for the next financial year forrelatively small enterprises i.e companies with turnover notexceeding ₹ 5 crore (in the financial year ending March 2015), to29% plus surcharge and cess.100% deduction of profits for 3 out of 5 years for startups setup during April, 2016 to March, 2019. MAT will apply in such cases.10% rate of tax on income from worldwide exploitation of patentsdeveloped and registered in India by a resident.Complete pass through of income-tax to securitization trusts includingtrusts of ARCs. Securitisation trusts required to deduct tax at source.Period for getting benefit of long term capital gain regime in case ofunlisted companies is proposed to be reduced from three to two years.Non-banking financial companies shall be eligible for deduction to theextent of 5% of its income in respect of provision for bad and doubtfuldebts. .Determination of residency of foreign company on the basis of Place ofEffective Management (POEM) is proposed to be deferred by one year.Commitment to implement General Anti Avoidance Rules (GAAR) from1.4.2017.Exemption of service tax on services provided under Deen DayalUpadhyay Grameen Kaushalya Yojana and services provided byAssessing Bodies empanelled by Ministry of Skill Development &Entrepreneurship.Exemption of Service tax on general insurance services provided under‘Niramaya’ Health Insurance Scheme launched by National Trust for theWelfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation andMultiple Disability.Basic custom and excise duty on refrigerated containers reduced to 5%and 6%.MAKE IN INDIAChanges in customs and excise duty rates on certain inputs to reducecosts and improve competitiveness of domestic industry in sectors likeInformation technology hardware, capital goods, defence production,textiles, mineral fuels & mineral oils, chemicals & petrochemicals,paper, paperboard & newsprint, Maintenance repair and overhauling[MRO] of aircrafts and ship repair.MOVING TOWARDS A PENSIONED SOCIETYWithdrawal up to 40% of the corpus at the time of retirement to be taxexempt in the case of National Pension Scheme (NPS). Annuity fundwhich goes to legal heir will not be taxable.In case of superannuation funds and recognized provident funds,including EPF, the same norm of 40% of corpus to be tax free will applyin respect of corpus created out of contributions made on or from1.4.2016.Limit for contribution of employer in recognized Provident andSuperannuation Fund of ₹ 1.5 lakh per annum for taking tax benefit. Exemption from service tax for Annuity services provided by NPS andServices provided by EPFO to employees.Reduce service tax on Single premium Annuity (Insurance) Policies from3.5% to 1.4% of the premium paid in certain cases.PROMOTING AFFORDABLE HOUSING100% deduction for profits to an undertaking in housing project for flatsupto 30 sq. metres in four metro cities and 60 sq. metres in other cities,approved during June 2016 to March 2019 and completed in threeyears. MAT to apply.Deduction for additional interest of ₹50,000 per annum for loans up to₹35 lakh sanctioned in 2016-17 for first time home buyers, wherehouse cost does not exceed ₹ 50 lakh.Distribution made out of income of SPV to the REITs and INVITs havingspecified shareholding will not be subjected to Dividend DistributionTax, in respect of dividend distributed after the specified date.Exemption from service tax on construction of affordable houses up to60 square metres under any scheme of the Central or StateGovernment including PPP Schemes.Extend excise duty exemption, presently available to Concrete Mixmanufactured at site for use in construction work to Ready MixConcrete.RESOURCE MOBILIZATION FOR AGRICULTURE, RURAL ECONOMY AND CLEAN ENVIRONMENTAdditional tax at the rate of 10% of gross amount of dividend will bepayable by the recipients receiving dividend in excess of ₹ 10 lakh perannum.Surcharge to be raised from 12% to 15% on persons, other thancompanies, firms and cooperative societies having income above ₹ 1crore.Tax to be deducted at source at the rate of 1 % on purchase of luxurycars exceeding value of ₹ 10 lakh and purchase of goods and services incash exceeding ₹ 2 lakh.Securities Transaction tax in case of ‘Options’ is proposed to beincreased from .017% to .05%.Equalization levy of 6% of gross amount for payment made to non- residents exceeding ₹1 lakh a year in case of B2B transactions.Krishi Kalyan Cess, @ 0.5% on all taxable services, w.e.f. 1 June 2016.Proceeds would be exclusively used for financing initiatives forimprovement of agriculture and welfare of farmers. Input tax credit ofthis cess will be available for payment of this cess.Infrastructure cess, of 1% on small petrol, LPG, CNG cars, 2.5% on dieselcars of certain capacity and 4% on other higher engine capacity vehicles and SUVs. No credit of this cess will be available nor credit of any othertax or duty be utilized for paying this cess.Excise duty of ‘1% without input tax credit or 12.5% with input taxcredit’ on articles of jewellery [excluding silver jewellery, other thanstudded with diamonds and some other precious stones], with a higherexemption and eligibility limits of ₹6 crores and ₹12 croresrespectively.Excise on readymade garments with retail price of ₹1000 or moreraised to 2% without input tax credit or 12.5% with input tax credit.‘Clean Energy Cess’ levied on coal, lignite and peat renamed to ‘CleanEnvironment Cess’ and rate increased from ₹200 per tonne to ₹400 pertonne.Excise duties on various tobacco products other than beedi raised byabout 10 to 15%.Assignment of right to use the spectrum and its transfers has beendeducted as a service leviable to service tax and not sale of intangiblegoods.PROVIDING CERTAINITY IN TAXATIONCommitted to providing a stable and predictable taxation regime andreduce black money.Domestic taxpayers can declare undisclosed income or such incomerepresented in the form of any asset by paying tax at 30%, andsurcharge at 7.5% and penalty at 7.5%, which is a total of 45% of theundisclosed income. Declarants will have immunity from prosecution.Surcharge levied at 7.5% of undisclosed income will be called KrishiKalyan surcharge to be used for agriculture and rural economy.New Dispute Resolution Scheme to be introduced. No penalty inrespect of cases with disputed tax up to ₹10 lakh. Cases with disputedtax exceeding ₹10 lakh to be subjected to 25% of the minimum of theimposable penalty. Any pending appeal against a penalty order can also be settled by paying 25% of the minimum of the imposable penalty andtax interest on quantum addition.High Level Committee chaired by Revenue Secretary to oversee freshcases where assessing officer applies the retrospective amendment.One-time scheme of Dispute Resolution for ongoing cases underretrospective amendment.Penalty rates to be 50% of tax in case of under reporting of income and200% of tax where there is misreporting of facts.Disallowance will be limited to 1% of the average monthly value ofinvestments yielding exempt income, but not exceeding the actualexpenditure claimed under rule 8D of Section 14A of Income Tax Act.Time limit of one year for disposing petitions of the tax payers seekingwaiver of interest and penalty.Mandatory for the assessing officer to grant stay of demand once theassesse pays 15% of the disputed demand, while the appeal is pendingbefore Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals).Monetary limit for deciding an appeal by a single member Bench ofITAT enhanced from ₹15 lakhs to ₹50 lakhs.11 new benches of Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal(CESTAT).SIMPLIFICATION AND RATIONALIZATION OF TAXES13 cesses, levied by various Ministries in which revenue collection isless than ₹50 crore in a year to be abolished.For non-residents providing alternative documents to PAN card, higherTDS not to apply.Revision of return extended to Central Excise assesses.Additional options to banking companies and financial institutions,including NBFCs, for reversal of input tax credits with respect to non- taxable services.Customs Act to provide for deferred payment of customs duties for importers and exporters with proven track record.Customs Single Window Project to be implemented at major ports andairports starting from beginning of next financial year.Increase in free baggage allowance for international passengers. Filingof baggage only for those carrying dutiable goods.TECHNOLOGY FOR ACCOUNTABILITYExpansion in the scope of e-assessments to all assessees in 7 megacities in the coming years.Interest at the rate of 9% p.a against normal rate of 6% p.a for delay ingiving effect to Appellate order beyond ninety days.‘e-Sahyog’ to be expanded to reduce compliance cost, especially forsmall taxpayers.

From IRS Files:Criminal InvestigationMinnesota Chiropractor Sentenced For Tax EvasionOn April 19, 2017, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, Donald Gibson was sentenced to 33 months in prison for tax evasion and for presenting a fake financial instrument to the U.S. Department of Treasury. Gibson failed to file his 2004 through 2014 individual income tax returns and attempted to evade his income tax liabilities for these years by diverting money to a warehouse bank called MYICIS, cashing over $800,000 in business checks at a check-cashing facility and submitting fake money orders and bogus financial instruments to the IRS. Gibson also formed Sovereign Christian Mission (SCM), a purported religious organization, as a way to further hide his chiropractic income and pay for his personal expenses. Gibson used SCM to pay for his groceries, entertainment, dinners, and car repairs. While the IRS was auditing his tax returns and later during the criminal investigation, Gibson presented a fake financial instrument purporting to be worth $300 million to the IRS and claimed that it paid off his income tax liabilities.Louisiana Criminal Defense Attorney Sentenced for Tax EvasionOn April 19, 2017, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Michael Thiel, of Baton Rouge, was sentenced to 30 months in prison for tax evasion, two years of supervised release and ordered to pay $998,352 in restitution to the IRS. Thiel operated a criminal defense practice in Hammond and, from 2003 through 2013, did not file income or employment tax returns and didn’t pay taxes he owed. Thiel concealed his income and assets creating three trust and nominees. Thiel used these three trusts to evade the payment of federal income and employment taxes. In January 2007, Thiel used nominees to purchase his primary residence for $435,000 and entered into a phony lease agreement with the nominees to conceal his ownership of the property and shield it from IRS collection efforts. Between January 2007 and January 2014, Thiel deposited $416,283 into the nominee account that was used to secure and pay the mortgage on the property.Former Company President Sentenced for Wire Fraud and Income Tax EvasionOn December 29, 2016, in Rockford, Illinois, Christopher A. Jansen, of St. Charles, was sentenced to 70 months in prison, three years of supervised release, and ordered to pay $269,978 in restitution. Jansen was President of Baytree Investors Inc., an Illinois corporation engaged in acquiring trucking companies. In 2001 Jansen learned DFC Transportation was for sale, created a Delaware corporation, DFCTC Holding Inc., and arranged for DFCTC to purchase DFC with money Jansen borrowed using DFC receivables as collateral. Jansen arranged for other individuals to be the owners of DFCTC, some of whom were previous investors in failed Baytree business acquisitions. With appointment or authority, Jansen represented to others that he was the corporate secretary and controlled both DFCTC and DFC to avoid having shareholder or director meetings. Jansen then arranged for DFC to use its receivables to borrow from a bank and, without authorization, ordered employees to transfer money from DFC to DFCTC. Jansen then distributed the money to himself and others for their personal use and benefit. In addition, in 2002 Jansen used a bank account in the name of a dissolved corporation to receive his income and disburse his expenditures. He intentionally failed to have the dissolved corporation file informational forms with the IRS for taxable income distributed to him from the account. Jansen also failed to have Baytree and DFCTC file informational forms with the IRS regarding distributions of taxable income to him. In addition, Jansen did not have a bank account in his name in order to avoid reporting any income to the IRS.Virginia Resident Sentenced for Fraudulent “Savvy Bag” Investment SchemeOn December19, 2016, in Alexandria, Virginia, Patricia Means of Richmond, was sentenced to 60 months in prison, three years of supervised release and ordered to pay restitution of $1,136,862, including $201,065 to the IRS for defrauding investors. Means was a licensed investment broker from 1983 until prior to moving to Virginia in 2006. Around February 2009, Means developed a scheme to defraud investors by creating a product called “Savvy Bag,” a purported handbag organizer and solicited investments in the product. Between 2009 and 2014, Means obtained over $1.1 million from victims and spent less than $3,000 to develop, produce or sell the product. In addition, between 2010 and 2014, Means received taxable income more than than $907,000 that she failed to report on her income tax returns.North Carolina Man Sentenced for Tax Evasion and Possession of an Unregistered FirearmOn December 16, 2016, in Charlotte, North Carolina, Reuben T. DeHaan, of Kings Mountain, was sentenced to 24 months in prison for tax evasion and possession of an unregistered firearm. DeHaan owned a holistic medicine business, which he operated out of his residence under the names Health Care Ministries International Inc. and Get Well Stay Well. DeHaan admitted that, from 2008 through 2014, he earned more than $2.7 million in gross receipts, but failed to file income tax returns for those years and evaded the payment of approximately $678,000 in income tax. He did this with the help of Richard H. Campbell Jr. and others, by setting up straw companies and opening bank accounts in the name of the straw companies to hide his income and assets from the Internal Revenue Service. DeHaan also claimed he was exempt from the payment of taxes because he was an ordained “medicine man” whose earnings were exempt from taxation. In addition, DeHaan also admitted to the possession of unlicensed firearms.Florida Man Sentenced for Tax EvasionOn November 28, 2016 in Tampa, Florida, Steven Headden Young, of St. Petersburg, was sentenced to 21 months in prison, ordered to pay restitution in the amount of $509,455 to the IRS and ordered to file his corrected tax returns for tax years 2007 through 2011. Young evaded a substantial portion of his personal federal income taxes for the years 2007 through 2011 by falsifying expenses to negate his income. Young, who prepared and filed his own tax returns, created bogus business expenditures and deducted them from his Schedule C income. He provided the IRS with a false lease agreement and false invoices between his real estate company and a sham corporation, purportedly based in the Dominican Republic. Young also falsely filed as head-of-household (HOH) to take advantage of the tax benefits of the HOH filing status when he was indeed married. HOH provides for less taxes and higher credits than when filing as single, married and filing jointly, or married and filing separately. Young made false statements to the IRS claiming he was single, when he was married and living with his wife. Young also interfered with the IRS audit and tax assessment of his personal federal income taxes by attempting to intercept third-party records that had been subpoenaed by the IRS from Bank of America (BOA). Young fabricated a letter from the IRS to BOA in an attempt to redirect bank records that had been intended for the IRS to another address, which had been opened by Young in the name of an IRS employee.Ohio Psychiatrist Sentenced for Tax EvasionOn November 21, 2016, in Cleveland, Ohio, Sandra Vonderembse, an Oregon, Ohio psychiatrist was sentenced to 18 months in prison, one year of supervised release and ordered to pay $565,128 in restitution to the IRS for tax evasion. From as early as 2005, Vonderembse failed to pay taxes and filed, and caused to be filed, with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) false and fraudulent tax returns that included false statements regarding her income and the amount of tax due and owing. From 2009 through 2011, Vonderembse falsely claimed to have no taxable income and to owe no taxes, despite earning more than $240,000 each year while working as a psychiatrist. Vonderembse used nominee entities to conceal income from the IRS, and sent fake financial instruments to the IRS in purported payment of her taxes. In total, from 2005 through 2011, she attempted to evade more than $360,000 in income tax liabilities.Hawaii Couple Sentenced for Failure to Pay Income TaxOn November 17, 2016, in Honolulu, Hawaii, Calvin Kim and Chun Cha Kim, husband and wife, were sentenced to 36 and 12 months in prison, respectively, for violations of federal tax laws. In addition, Calvin Kim and Chun Cha Kim were ordered to pay restitution in the amounts of $1,969,463 and $1,937,267, respectively, which represent all back taxes and penalties. Criminal fines of $250,000 and $100,000 were also imposed on Calvin Kim and Chun Cha Kim, respectively. In addition, both defendants agreed to the imposition of a fraud assessment by the IRS, which may amount to an additional civil penalty of $3 million. The Kims already have paid more than $4 million in back taxes and interest. The Kims were the sole shareowners of businesses that sold heating pads and other products. In October 2000, they became followers of so-called "tax protestors" and decided not to file a valid tax return from then till May 2014. From 2005 to 2012 alone, the tax returns of the Kims’ businesses showed payments ranging from $418,238 to $971,983 for Calvin Kim for each year, and $271,564 to $1,000,562 for Chun Cha Kim, resulting in taxes owed for each of those years ranging from $133,009 to $325,375 for him and $83,828 to $335,378 for her.Tax Defier Sentenced for $1 Million Tax EvasionOn November 16, 2016, in Kansas City, Missouri, Harold R. Stanley, of Peculiar, was sentenced to 60 months in prison, which includes a sentencing enhancement for obstruction of justice. Stanley, an electrical engineer, was hired by companies as a consultant and received $971,604 from self-employment from 2005 to 2009 as an independent contractor. However, Stanley failed to file any tax returns for 2005 and 2006. For tax years 2007 through 2009, Stanley filed substantially correct returns but left the tax line entry blank and failed to submit any payment. Stanley submitted fake money orders for payment to the Internal Revenue Service, returned documents to the Internal Revenue Service claiming that the tax assessments were satisfied because they were “Accepted for Value,” filled out payment vouchers with his name in all capital letters but didn’t submit payment and submitted a false criminal referral to IRS – Criminal Investigation. From 2005 through 2009, Stanley had taxable income of $686,829; the criminal tax loss is $259,900.Wisconsin Embezzler Sentenced for Fraud and Tax EvasionOn November 3, 2016, in Madison, Wisconsin, Lisa Buchholz, of Luck, was sentenced to 36 months in prison, three years of supervised release and ordered to pay restitution of $193,909 to the victim of her fraud scheme. While employed as a bookkeeper for Four Seasons Wood Products (FSWP) in Frederic, from May 2008 until June 2012, Buchholz devised a scheme to defraud the company. In addition, Buchholz failed to file income tax returns for 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011, and committed income tax evasion in 2011 by making false statements to an IRS criminal investigator during an interview in 2013. Buchholz’s actions caused a fraud loss of $172,176 to FSWP and a tax loss of $111,553 to the IRS.Texas Man Sentenced for Filing False Tax Returns and Corruptly Endeavoring to Impede the Internal Revenue LawsOn October 28, 2016, in Austin, Texas, Victor Antolik was sentenced to 72 months in prison following his conviction on filing false tax returns and corruptly endeavoring to impede the due administration of the internal revenue laws. Antolik owned and operated a commercial janitorial business with locations in Austin, San Antonio and Houston, Texas, under a variety of business names, including Diversified Building Services Inc., DBS Services Inc., Partners in Cleaning, PIC Building Services and BSI Industries. Antolik also earned income as a real estate agent, real estate broker and property manager. Antolik earned a portion of his real estate income through his companies SGN Realty Inc. and Signature Realty Services. Antolik submitted to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) false individual income tax returns on which he underreported his income for tax years 2004, 2007 and 2008. In addition, between 1998 and 2014, Antolik attempted to obstruct the due administration of the internal revenue laws by, among other things, attaching altered Forms W-2 and 1099 to his tax returns, providing false information to his accountant that was used to prepare corporate and individual income tax returns on his behalf, and using nominees to conceal income and assets. In addition to the prison term imposed, Antolik was also ordered to serve one year of supervised release and to pay restitution to the IRS in the amount of $916,358.

Different Types of TaxesPrevalence of various kinds of taxes is found in India. Taxes in India can be either direct or indirect. However, the types of taxes even depend on whether a particular tax is being levied by the central or the state government or any other municipalities. Following are some of the major Indian taxes:Direct TaxesIt is names so because it is directly paid to the Union Government of India. As per a survey, the Republic of India has witnessed a consistent rise in the collection of such taxes over a period of past years. The visible growth in these tax collections as well as the rate of taxes reflects a healthy economical growth of India. Besides that, it evenportrays the compliance of high tax along with better administration of taxation. To name a few of the direct taxes, which are imposed by the Indian Government are:Banking Cash Transaction TaxCorporate TaxCapital Gains TaxDouble Tax Avoidance TreatyFringe Benefit TaxSecurities Transaction TaxPersonal Income TaxTax IncentivesIndirect TaxesAs opposed to the direct taxes, such a tax in the nation is generallylevied on some specified services or some particular goods. An indirecttax is not levied on any particular organisation or an individual.Almost all the activities, which fall within the periphery of theindirect taxation, are included in the range starting from manufacturinggoods and delivery of services to those that are meant for consumption.Apart from these, the varied activities and services, which are relatedto import, trading etc. are even included within this range. This widerange results in the involvement as well as implementation of some orother indirect tax in all lines of business.Usually, the indirect taxation in the Indian Republic is a complexprocedure that involves laws and regulations, which are interconnectedto each other. These taxation regulations even include some laws thatare specific to some of the states of the country. The regime ofindirect taxation encompasses different kinds of taxes. Theorganizations offer services in all or most of the related fields, someof which are as follows:Anti Dumping DutyCustom DutyExcise DutySales TaxService TaxValue Added Tax or V. A. T.Municipal or Local Taxes in IndiaThe most known tax, which is levied by the local municipal jurisdictions on the entry of goods, is known as the Entry Tax or the Octori Tax.Income TaxIncome Tax in India includes all income except the agricultural income that is levied and collected by the central government. This particular income is also shared with the states. The Income Tax was incorporated in India from the year1860.However, after many alterations, finally with the Indian Income Tax Act,1922, there was a revolutionary change brought by the All India Income Tax Committee. This is significant as after this the administration of the Income Tax came under the direct control of the Central Government. This Act got amended again in the year 1961, and the present Income Tax regime in India is still following the provisions of the Act of 1961.As per the Income Tax Act 1961, the assessee whose total income level is more than the maximum exemption limit, are under the domain of chargeable Income Tax. The assessee has to pay the Income Tax at the rates stated in the provisions of the Finance Act. The payment of the Income Tax is to be calculated on the total income of the last year in the relevant financial assessment year. For the determination of the total income of an individual the residential status in India is a necessary parameter. Every Income Tax payer should file Tax Return underthe existing law.Consumption TaxConsumption Tax is applicable on the consumption of any type of good or service. This particular tax is based on consumption and not on income or labor. The Consumption Tax can be regarded as a sales tax, as this tax is also regressive in nature like the other pure sales taxes. However, there are some remedies by which the Consumption Tax can be made progressive in nature. Some of the methods for reducing the regressive trait of this tax include use of exemptions, deductions, graduated rates, or rebates. This will in other terms allow accumulation of savings exempting the tax burdens.Dividend TaxDividend Tax is type of an income tax which is levied on the payments made as the dividend to the shareholders of the company paying the tax. Dividends are the shares of the profit of the company which are the given to the shareholders.The controversy arises here because dividend is nothing but the part of the profit of the company. The profit is the income of the company and atax is paid on that income. Again, when the dividend is paid to the shareholders, a dividend tax is levied on them and so there is double taxation on the same income - once, tax is paid by the company and then the shareholder pays the tax on the same amount as well.The dividend tax has become one of the major issues of debate in the financial market. Many of the countries are taking steps for abolishing the dividend tax as because the double taxation is not considered good for the economy. The dividend tax also poses a problem for the senior citizens and the retired personnel. Many financial experts are of the opinion that dividend tax should be abolished in order to develop the economy and a fair practice of taxation should be followed.Endowment TaxOver the years Indian companies have been asking for a break from endowment taxes so that they can provide the institutions with more funds. Prominent businessmen like Rajan Mittal, the Vice Chairman cum Managing Director of Bharati Enterprises have lent their support towards giving business organizations 100 percent break from endowment taxes.He has reasoned that this benefit is necessary so that companies could contribute towards better research in the higher educational sector. His statements have found support from other well known names in the Indian business fraternity such as Amit Mitra, who works as the secretary general of the FICCI.As of now, Indian companies can provide financial aid to educational institutions that are located outside the country as they are operated by trusts. In India, trusts that run educational set-ups can receive thebenefit only if they are acknowledged as a section 25 organization as per the Income Tax Act or under the charities commissioner. Lot of companies provide financial aid to international education institutes and the main reason for this is the attitude of the Income Tax Department, which sees such transactions as tax evasion exercises. These business houses also prefer to be transparent when it comes to detailing the usage of funds spent by them.Estate Tax of Inheritance Tax or Death TaxEstate Tax, also referred as Death tax or Inheritance Tax, is gaining prominence with the boom in the real estate market across the world. The Estate Tax rates vary widely across countries all over the world.It is recorded that Japan stands at the top offering a tax rate of 70%, followed by South Korea (50%), the US (46%), and 40% for France and UK each. Along with India, there are some other countries like China, Australia, Russia, and Malaysia, which do not levy Estate tax. It should be noted that Estate Tax or Estate Duty which was earlier incorporated in India in the year 1953, was taken away under the aegis of the then Finance Minister, V.P. Singh in the year 1985. The economic growth and flourishing capital markets in India have been generating an unprecedented boost for the Indian promoters. Still not like the other advanced market economies of the world, there is no Estate Tax in India.On the other hand, across the globe the Estate Tax, also known as the Death Tax, is very important.In general, the Estate Tax is payable on the economic value of the accumulated savings and assets of a deceased person. This tax on Estate was framed with the objective to prevent the inheritors from a rich family to enjoy too much privilege as compared to the less advantageous in the society. The intention was to strike a balance and maintain inter- generation equity. On the other hand, many tax experts often ridicule this Estate Tax, as this is difficult to assess and collect.Flat Tax, also known as Flat Rate TaxBy Flat Tax or Flat Rate Tax it is indicated that the taxes on household income and corporate profits are fixed at a constant rate. Generally household income below a statutorily fixed level on the basis of the type and size of the household, are exempted from paying Flat Taxes.This type of Flat Taxes is not a proper Flat Tax as there is a discrepancy between the taxable income and the total income. Taxation on consumption can also be labeled as a Flat Tax. In the advanced economies, a tax is payable on the incomes of the households and corporate profits, as a result of which Flat Tax is not very common inthese nations. The United States have initiated a quick move to reform its tax system as under the present condition of competition in the global economy the jobs and capital flow to with the initiation of better tax law. The nine countries of the former Soviet Bloc have taken up versions of the Flat Tax, which has been yielding excellent results for the growth and development of the respective economies.In general, a Flat Tax is simple, fair, and sets a necessary parameter for the growth of a state economy. Flat Tax requires only two forms of postcard size, one for labor income and the other for business and capital income. Flat Tax provides equal treatment to all the taxpayers without any discrimination based on the source, use, and level of income. This is also beneficial, as Flat Tax would reduce marginal taxrates and abolish the tax bias against all forms of saving and investment. However, even this Flat Tax is not free from loopholes as the households on the basis of family sizes get an exemption from paying the stipulated tax.Fuel TaxFuel tax is also called as petrol tax, gas tax, gasoline tax, or fuelduty. The fuel tax is a type of a sales tax which is imposed on the saleof fuel. The fuel tax is one of the important factors pertaining totaxation in many countries.The fuel tax in some countries is mostly hypothecated to roadways andtransportation facilities such as in United States. The fuel tax inseveral other countries is regarded as the source of general type ofrevenue income. The fuel tax is mostly imposed on the fuel which is usedfor the purpose of transportation and not imposed on fuel used for thepurpose of running agricultural vehicles, used as heating oil inhouseholds and other non transportation uses.The demand for petrol is not very elastic in nature, so the fuel taxwill regarded as a revenue generating source in the short run of theeconomy but as time passes, in the long run as per the theory of theexperts, the populace would lower the consumption of fuel by the meansof mass transit systems, fuel economic transport facilities, alternativesource of fuel, etc and the sale of the fuel would fall, bringing downthe tax revenue on the fuel. Some of the environmentalists are thinkingof the idea of introducing fuel tax as a method of checking thepollution due to the burning of fossil fuels.Gift TaxGift tax in India is regulated by the Gift Tax Act which was constitutedon April 1, 1958. It came into effect in all parts of the countryexcept Jammu and Kashmir. As per the Gift Act 1958, all gifts in excessof Rs. 25,000, in the form of cash, draft, check or others, receivedfrom one who doesn't have blood relations with the recipient, weretaxable. More about Gift taxSales TaxSales tax is levied when goods are sold or bought within a country or a state. More about sales taxS. E. T. or Self Employment TaxSelf-employment tax (SET) is a type of a taxation pertaining to thesocial security tax and the medicare tax for the individuals those whoare self employed, i.e., the people engaged in business or commercialactivity of some kind which is legally approved by the Governmentalauthorities.The concept of self-employment tax is more or less similar to the socialsecurity tax and the medicare tax which is withhold from the monthlyincome of the professionals engaged in any kind of services under theprivate or the public sector. The employers of most of the workingprofessionals calculate the social security tax and the medicare tax ofthe concerned person.Social Security TaxSocial Security Tax is a popular concept in the United States ofAmerica. The Social Security Tax is a benefit scheme for the employeesafter their retirement from work.The social security tax is contributed in two parts - a part of themonthly income of the employee is deducted at source and another part iscontributed on a monthly basis by the employer under whom the employeeis working. The total sum of money makes up the social security tax. Thesocial security tax benefits are financed with the help of the taxlevied on the employee's income. In case of a self-employed person, thecontribution for the social security tax is made entirely by the personhimself. The social security tax is levied under the norms of the UnitedStates Social Security Act of 1935, which was set up for the purpose ofproviding national social insurance in order to provide economicsecurity to employees in the United States.The social security tax programs are popular in India in the name ofProvident Fund. The concept of the Provident Fund is similar to thesocial security tax programs. Provident Funds are of different typessuch as Public Provident Fund, General Provident Fund, and Employee'sProvident Fund. The General Provident Fund is provided to the employeesof the central government, the Public Provident Fund is provided by theState Bank of India, the largest commercial bank in India for theemployees of the state government, and the Employee's Provident Fund isalso provided by the State Bank of India, for the private sectoremployees.Transfer TaxTransfer Tax in other words implies the tax imposed on the handing overof the title of property ownership by one person to another. Itincorporates a legal transaction fee, which is involved with the titleto property being transferred from one to another.This tax is not very common form of taxation and is imposed where theregistration of the transfer involves a legal requirement. Such aregenerally found to be associated with transfers of real estate, shares,or bond. Although Stamp Duty and the Real Estate Transfer Tax areexamples of the Transfer Tax, it should be noted that the fees paid tothe notaries during any legal jurisdictions are not treated as transfertax.Payroll TaxPayroll tax is one of the important concepts in taxation. Payroll taxcomprises of 2 types of taxes. The Payroll tax may follow a fixed rateformat or the rate may be directly proportional to the income or wage ofthe employee. More about payroll taxPoll TaxIn India, Poll Tax is similar to the road tax on vehicles, but it shouldbe noted that this tax is not very popular here. However, in the year2002, it was decided by the Minister for Transport that the Poll Tax onall-India tourist vehicles entering the state of the Jammu and Kashmirwould be Rs. 2,000 per day per vehicle.Property TaxThe property taxes in India are normally imposed on the yearly value ofthe taxable assets. In case the income is rental, it will be subjectedto the tax rates applicable for income from housing property.If the property is held for professional or business reasons then the profits from the same will be subjected to taxes:Property Tax DeductionsIn India deductions from property taxes are provided in the following cases:If 30% of the yearly value of the house has been used for maintenance and repairsIf the property has been bought, repaired, established, or renewedusing loans. If the house has been remade using borrowed money then theinterest paid on the same will be exempted from property taxes.Concept of Deemed OwnerIn few cases the assessee may not actually own the property but may beregarded as a deemed owner. In such instances, the assessee will beregarded as the property's owner and income generated from that propertywill be subjected to property taxes.The following cases are regarded as being instances of deemed owners:If an individual has handed over any property for a smallcompensation or has gifted it to a minor child or spouse. However,transfers to married daughters will not be considered.Any individual who conforms to the provisions in the Section 53A ofthe Transfer of Property Act will be considered a deemed owner. Thissection focuses on situations whereby a building has been transferredbut there is no proper registered agreement to document the transaction.Owners of impartable estates are regarded as possessors of such property.If an individual has leased a property for a minimum period of 12 years he or she will be regarded as a deemed owner.Members of co-operative societies, companies and other associationswho have been assigned a real estate property as per a house buildingscheme are considered as deemed owners.Self Occupied PropertyA property is regarded as a self owned one under the following circumstances:If the property or a part of the same is owned for residential purposesIf the property or a certain portion of it is being used forbusiness and professional reasons and the owner has to stay at anotherlocationCo-ownersIf a property is co-owned by 2 or more people the following factors come into play while deciding on the tax amount:If the co-owners have definite and clear shares they will not be regarded as an associationThe share of every individual who makes an income from the property will be included in the aggregate income of the co-owners.Wealth TaxWealth tax is normally levied on the basis of the net wealth of theassessee, which could be an individual, a company or a Hindu UndividedFamily.Source : Types of Taxes in India