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What is your review of P. Chidambaram (Indian Politician)?P. S : I’m not defending any politican because I know that politics is a dirty game & these guys play it very well and not a congi :)There is something about Chettinad people. When Chettiyars trust someone, the trust is unbreakable no matter what. They are also known for their knowledge in finance sectorFine, coming to the answer : Nobody can review any politician. Let me tell you why. When you have dirt in you back - you can’t make fun of anybody’s back [1]I will tell something about the finest and the best finance minister of India, Mr. Chidambaram.Chidambaram or PC as he is known, was born in a Chettinad family in Sivaganga district.His family was a wealthy one - his grandfather was a banker - his dad was a Lt. Col and his mom’s father was the founder of Annamalai University & United India Insurance and also his family founded Indian bank & some other banks.His family was very wealthy and he had that economics roots running in his blood.The people in finance ministry are no match to P Chidambaram’s education (Chidambaram did his schooling at the Madras Christian College Higher Secondary School and received a pre-university degree from Loyola College, Chennai. He completed his Bachelor of Laws from the Madras Law College (now Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College) and his MBA from Harvard Business School in the class of 1968)He started a journal called - The Radical Review along with N Ram of the HinduChidambaram won his first election in 1984 and was elected as a Lok Sabha member from Sivaganga constituency. He was reelected in 1989, 1991, 1996, 1998, 2004 and 2009 from his home constituency Sivaganga - a constituency which is filled with Agamudyars and Chettiyars.In 1997, he presented the “Dream Budget” [2] not that Budget which is failed one [3]I wish to elaborate here because many people say that he was a failure by not accepting the fact that three finance ministers of the ruling party have failed in giving what Chidambaram had managed to acheive.The Dream Budget Helped Broaden India's Tax Base. tax collections grew from RS 18,700 crore in 1997 to over RS 2 lakh crore in 2013Chidambaram lowered the maximum marginal income tax rate for individuals to 30 percent from 40 percent, and reduced the income tax rate for domestic companies to 35 percent from 40 percent. Peak customs duty was reduced from 50 per cent to 40 percent, and the excise duty structure was simplified.He also introduced the Voluntary Disclosure of Income Scheme (VDIS), which has arguably been one his most effective reforms.He relaxed some of the provisions of the minimum alternate tax that he introduced in his budget of 1996. The MAT facilitates the taxation of “zero tax companies,” or companies that pay little or no tax by taking advantage of exemptions, but earn huge profits.He also cut the import duty on several products, and phased out ad hoc treasury bills used for financing the budget deficit.In his speech after the Budget, he spoke of something which every Indian must not forget :“Our goal must be to achieve rapid and broad-based growth which alone can ensure higher employment [4] [5] [6] better living standards and a humane and just society. The challenges that we face today are not unique to India. Other countries, including our friends in Asia, have faced similar challenges. Japan showed the way. Other Asian countries are surging ahead. And, finally, there is the example of China, powering its way to becoming the second largest economy in the world. These countries have shown that with courage, wisdom and pragmatism they can find their rightful places in the world.When Nirmala Sithraman presented the Budget, which spoke about the 5 Trillion Dollar economy, P Chidambaram spoke out slamming the ruling party and calling the Budget “Unrealistic”P Chidambaram ripped apart the first budget of Nirmala Sitharaman and said the budget does not chalk out a clear roadmap to take the country on the path of high economic growth and lacks bold steps and structural reforms. He said there was no further relief to the middle class than what the Interim Budget gave. “If household savings don't improve, domestic savings will not rise. If domestic savings do not rise, domestic investment will not rise. If domestic investment does not rise, the Gross Fixed Capital Formation will remain at about 29.5 or 30. If it remains at 29.5 or 30, how will you get 8 per cent growth? Please teach me,” Chidambaram said.He said as against Budget Estimates for 2018-19, the revenue loss was ₹ 1,60,000 crore. He said against the revenue estimate of ₹ 22,42,833 crores, the actual collection ₹ 19,67,187 crores. He said the Centre actually collected ₹ 13,16,951 crores, a decrease of ₹ 1,60,000 cores when compared with the revised estimates. “Last year, income tax collections increased by 7.1 per cent. For the new year, the Finance Minister is projecting that income tax collections would rise by 23.25 per cent. If you achieve that, you would rank with the Olympian pole vaulter! From 7.1 per cent you would rise to 23.25 per cent! Customs was negative by 8.6 per cent; projection is plus 32 per cent. Excise was flat, negative by a half per cent; projection is 15.55 per cent,” he said.He said the GST increased by 3.38 per cent, while the projection is 45 per cent. “Now, if you achieve these targets, I would compliment you at the end of the year. But I am afraid, these targets are completely unrealistic,” he added. Chidambaram said Sitharaman no longer can blame the UPA for a “wobbly economy” as she inherited from the previous government headed by Modi himself. “After five years of NDA-I, in the last year, in 2018-19, growth was 8.0, 7.0, 6.6 and 5.8. In the last year, the economy was in a decline. That is point one to note. Farm sector grew at 2.9 per cent only, the lowest in those five years. If you look at the farm sector graph, it is a decline. Over 10,000 farmers commit suicide every year,” he said. He added that IIP for manufacturing in the last four years of NDA Government was barely 2.8, 4.4, 4.6 and 3.5; nowhere near the double-digit growth that is required.“The workforce shrunk by 4.7 crore people. Capital expenditure was only 1.7 per cent of GDP, and what she has projected for the new year is only 1.6 per cent of GDP. The gravity of unemployment can be looked at by only one example. For 62,907 khalasi posts, 82 lakh people applied out of which 4,19,137 were B.Tech. graduates and 40,751 had a Masters in Engineering,” he said.He explained the present situation of the Indian economy and also proposed some solutions for it as a former Finance minister.He had also written many books & he had also got featured in many books. Some of his works include : Fearless in Opposition - as true as the name suggests he was fearless before the opposition and answered to every question that was kept before him. But he didn’t read “Purananooru” verses.Hypocrisy !! Hypocrisy !! Hypocrisy !!He was criticized for 2011 attacks in Mumbai but nobody questioned the ruling government on Pulwarma.He was slammed for being a member of legal council for Vedanta but but nobody slammed ruling party for ties with Vedanta [7] [8]He was given clean chit in the infamous 2G scam but still he was criticized.TN chief minister Edapadi slams him for being a “Burden on earth”. The same guy said Kambaramayanam was written by Sekizhar.How did Edapadi became the CM :Hmmm.So, let’s come to the controversial part :Karthi Chidambaram part & INX scam part.Karthi Chidambaram is the son of Chidambaram who is accused in many scams that happened.He was “Alleged” to be involved in Aircel - Marxis dealHe however denied the claims but New Indian Express said it “Exposed” him.He was involved in many scams and came out clean until a person turned approver in the case.In the INX scam case, which is a money laundering case where K C was involved - The congress however slammed the ruling party stating that it was a political vendetta where PC had jailed home minister Amit Shah 10 years back.The case says that he was “Indirectly involved” in the INX scam.P Chidambaram was arrested in this case by the CBI.In response to this, the Congess slammed the ruling party and called this as political vendetta.The person who named P Chidambaram - Indrani Mukerjea was also involved in a murder case where her daughter was murdered.[9]Manish Tewari of Congress :Tewari said it was “very surprising” that the government registered an FIR against unknown persons with regard to FIBP clearances and dared the government to take action against the “unknown persons”. He alleged that the unknown persons were six “senior most secretaries”, who would make recommendations to the minister who would sign the files concerned.“Did the minister reverse the recommendation or did the minister go by the recommendation of the board? And the latter is true. So, this is nothing except political vendetta,” he said. Tewari also termed the CBI as “communal bureau of investigation”.Karthi Chidambaram : This is a political witch-hunt. Outrageous media leaks are the preferred tactics of the @dir_ed. I have nothing to do with INX or the FIPB. All my assets and liabilities are duly declared in statutory and regulatory filings. I have repeated this ad nauseam.Priyanka Gandhi : An extremely qualified and respected member of the Rajya Sabha, @PChidambaram_IN ji has served our nation with loyalty for decades including as Finance Minister & Home Minister. He unhesitatingly speaks truth to power and exposes the failures of this government, but the truth is inconvenient to cowards so he is being shamefully hunted down," Priyanka Gandhi tweeted."We stand by him and will continue to fight for the truth no matter what the consequences are.Rahul Gandhi : Modi's government is using the ED (Enforcement Directorate), CBI and sections of a spineless media to character assassinate Mr Chidambaram. I strongly condemn this disgraceful misuse of power.The misuse of IT raids has been a common thing as said by many ministers and even Kumaraswamy [10] of JD (S).In Tamilnadu elections, people saw how the raids were directed only to the DMK leaders houses and even Kanimozhi questioned on this [11]His name (PC) was not in the charge sheet, nor FIR but he was arrested when he had appealed in Supreme court. The same government didn’t take these kind of rigorious steps to track down Nirav Modi or Vijay Mallaya or even the Reynolds owner. This seems to be a political vendetta to me and again I’m not and I cannot give clean chit to anybody [12] . This is because I’m not EC or I’m not a member of hypocrisy gang.Since PC is a lawyer himself, he will defend the claims and may prove himself clean.My review of PC is that “He is the best finance minister, yet flaws are common for every human being and sometimes everyone has to go through the phase of allegations” . In the infamous Rafale deal [13] , where the documents have been lost - we still don’t know what’s the truth and what is the real situation. Still defence ministry people came out clean - Thanks to SC.Before law, everybody is equal and law is law :)I’m so happy with the way the government is acting against the criminals - The credit for this goes to one man : Narendra Modi for organizing an ministry which is capable and sufficient enough to put criminals behind the bars !PC can come out clean/not clean - everything depends upon judiciary system which gave clean chits[14] [15] [16] during elections to the ruling party :)What is not good is that the method in which he was arrested. He was arrested by CBI as if he was a terrorist !#WATCH P Chidambaram taken away in a car by CBI officials. #Delhi pic.twitter.com/nhE9WiY86C— ANI (@ANI) August 21, 2019Live Updates: P Chidambaram Arrested, "Totally Vindictive And Malicious Act", Says Karti ChidambaramChidambaram arrest: Not named in FIR? That’s inconsequential, HC said | India News - Times of IndiaWell. Nobody is clean when it comes to politics :)[17]This post was shared in Mithila : SC is target of left.Well, Nobody asks when documents are lost. Nobody questions or sets up enquiry committee on where are those documents.SC is not target of left. Because till now, No left MP or MLA said “We’ll build Ram Temple, as supreme court is ours”.[18]I’m not gonna argue. Right can simply quote, whatever suits their agenda. Simple example : The guy who shared this quoted one line, out of many. Right.Images : Google.Thanks for reading.Footnotes[1] The Golden Touch of Jay Amit Shah[2] Economic Milestone: Chidambaram's Dream Budget (1997) | Forbes India[3] Budget has failed to create an India that can compete[4] India lost 11 million jobs in 2018, rural areas worst hit: CMIE[5] Drop in demand may force Parle to lay off up to 10,000 employees[6] Auto industry may shed 500k jobs next quarter[7] How Modi Government Helped Vedanta's Sterlite Plant Bypass Environmental Norms[8] Vedanta’s Thirst and Modi’s HELP | NewsClick[9] Sheena Bora murder case - Wikipedia[10] Karnataka CM HD Kumaraswamy accuses PM Modi of misusing IT Dept; irrigation minister's residence raided[11] I-T dept raids DMK leader Kanimozhi's Tuticorin residence, finds nothing[12] Opinion: Sohrabuddin Sheikh judgement betrays every principle of justice and legal procedure[13] Rafale deal[14] Modi gets EC clean chit over poll code violation 6 times: Full list[15] Narendra Modi gets clean chit in SIT report on Gujarat riots, Zakia Jafri vows to continue her fight | India News - Times of India[16] Narendra Modi gets more clean chits from poll panel[17] Narendra Modi Confesses His Role in Gujarat Massacre[18] Ram temple will be built as Supreme Court is ours, says UP minister Mukut Verma

The 2G/ coal scam investigation is done induced by PILs in Supreme Court and by CBI totally under Supreme Court supervisionHow can government interfere in this?How is Mody responsible?The delay in the investigation is natural, in the corruption of a gigantic scale and of hitherto unknown proportionsThe data about 2G scam is alone shared , the data of Coal scam is not being given because it will become too lengthyFollowing is the sequence of events:According to a CAG audit, licenses were granted to ineligible corporations, those with no experience in the telecom sector (such as Unitech and Swan Telecom) and those who had concealed relevant information.Although former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh advised Raja to allot 2G spectrum transparently and revise the license fee in a November 2007 letter, Raja rejected many of Singh's recommendations.In another letter that month, the Ministry of Finance expressed procedural concerns to the DOT;These were ignored, and the cut-off date was moved forward from 1 October 2007 to 25 September.On 25 September, the DOT announced on its website that applicants filing between 3:30 and 4:30 pm that day would be granted licenses.Although the corporation was ineligible, Swan Telecom was granted a license for ₹15.37 billion (US$240 million) and sold a 45-percent share to the UAE-based Etisalat for ₹42 billion (US$650 million).Unitech Wireless (a subsidiary of the Unitech Group) obtained a license for ₹16.61 billion (US$260 million), selling a 60-percent share for ₹62 billion (US$960 million) to Norway-based Telenor.__________________Media roleOPEN and Outlook reported that journalists Barkha Dutt (editor of NDTV) and Vir Sanghvi (editorial director of the Hindustan Times) knew that corporate lobbyist Nira Radia influenced Raja's appointment as telecom minister, publicising Radia's phone conversations with Dutt and Sanghvi when Radia's phone was tapped by the Income Tax Department.According to critics, Dutt and Sanghvi knew about the link between the government and the media industry but delayed reporting the corruption.__________________The Centre for Public Interest Litigation filed the first petition against the Union of India for irregularities in awarding 2G spectrum licenses. The petition alleged that the government lost $15.53 billion by issuing spectrum in 2008 based on 2001 prices, and by not following a competitive bidding process. This led to further petitions, and an investigation began in 2010._____________________________________The following is a list of companies who received 2G licenses during Raja's term as telecom minister;The licenses were later cancelled by the Supreme Court:Company: Adonis ProjectsTelecom regions: Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh (East)Number of licenses cancelled: 6__________________Company: Nahan PropertiesTelecom regions: Assam, Bihar, North East, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh (east), West BengalNumber of licenses cancelled: 6_________________Company: Aska ProjectsTelecom regions: Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, KarnatakaNumber of licenses cancelled: 3_________________Company: Volga PropertiesTelecom regions: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, MaharashtraNumber of licenses cancelled: 3___________________Company: Azure PropertiesTelecom regions: KolkataNumber of licenses cancelled: 1______________________Company: Hudson PropertiesTelecom regions: DelhiNumber of licenses cancelled: 1______________________Company: Unitech Builders & EstatesTelecom regions: Tamil Nadu (including Chennai)Number of licenses cancelled: 1__________________Unitech InfrastructuresTelecom regions: MumbaiNumber of licenses cancelled: 1_____________________Remarks: Adonis Projects, Nahan Properties, Aska Projects, Volga Properties, Azare Properties & Hudson Properties were acquired by Unitech. Since Unitech Infrastructure and Unitech Builders & Estates were subsidiaries of Unitech Group, in 2008 Unitech had 22 2G licenses. Later that year, Telenor bought a majority share in the telecom company from the Unitech Group and now provides service as Uninor with 22 licences.______________________________________________________________________Company: Loop TelecomTelecom regions: Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Kolkata, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha(Orissa), Tamil Nadu (including Chennai), Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya PradeshNumber of licenses cancelled: 21____________________Company: Datacom SolutionsTelecom regions: Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Kolkata, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu (including Chennai), Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Delhi, MumbaiNumber of licenses cancelled: 21Remarks: Operates as Videocon Telecom_____________________________________________________________________________Company: Shyam TelelinkTelecom regions: Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Kolkata, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu (including Chennai), Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, North EastNumber of licenses cancelled: 17__________________Company: Shyani TelelinkTelecom regions: Mumbai, Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal PradeshNumber of licenses cancelled: 4Remarks: Shyam Telelink & Shyani Telelink have a combined 21 licenses. In late 2008 Russia-based Sistema bought a majority share in the company, which now operates as MTS India._______________________________________________________________________________Company: Swan TelecomTelecom regions: Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu (including Chennai), Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, MumbaiNumber of licenses cancelled: 13_______________________Company: Allianz InfratechTelecom regions: Bihar, Madhya PradeshNumber of licenses cancelled: 2Remarks: Swan was a subsidiary of Reliance Telecom established to circumvent the one-company-one-license rule. In 2008, Swan merged with Allianz Infratech; late in the year Abu Dhabi's Etisalat bought about 45 percent of the company, renaming it Etisalat DB Telecom.______________________________________________________________________Company: Idea CellularTelecom regions: Assam, Punjab, Karnataka, Jammu and Kashmir, North East, Kolkata, West Bengal, Odisha(Orissa), Tamil Nadu (including Chennai)Number of licenses cancelled: 9___________________Company: Spice CommunicationsTelecom regions: Delhi, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, MaharashtraNumber of licenses cancelled: 4Remarks: Since Idea Cellular bought Spice Communications in 2008 for ₹27 billion (US$420 million), of the 122 spectrum licenses sold in 2008 Idea owns 13. Seven are in use by the company, and the remainder are overlapping licenses.______________________________________________________________________Company: S TelTelecom regions: Assam, Jammu and Kashmir, Odisha(Orissa), North East, Bihar, Himachal PradeshNumber of licenses cancelled: 6Remarks: In January 2009, Bahrain Telecommunications agreed to buy 49 percent of S Tel for $225 million. Chinnakannan Sivasankaran owns the remaining share. In May 2009, Sahara Group bought an 11.7-percent share in S Tel.________________________________________________________________________Company: Tata TeleservicesTelecom regions: Jammu and Kashmir, Assam, North EastNumber of licenses cancelled: 3Remarks: In late 2008 Tata sold a 26-percent share to the Japanese NTT DoCoMo for about ₹130.7 billion (US$2.0 billion), or an enterprise value of ₹502.69 billion (US$7.8 billion).__________________________________In 20094 May: A telecom-watchdog NGO files a complaint with the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) on illegalities in spectrum allocation to Loop Telecom.19 May: Another complaint is filed with the CVC by Arun Agarwal, highlighting the low-cost spectrum grant to Swan Telecom. The CVC directs the CBI to investigate irregularities in the allocation of 2G spectrum.1 July: Responding to a petition from S-Tel, the Delhi High Court rules the advancement of the cut-off date illegal.21 October: The CBI registers a case, filing a First Information Report against unknown officers of the DoT and unknown private persons and companies under provisions of the Indian Penal Code and the Prevention of Corruption Act.22 October: The Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation raids DoT offices.16 November: The CBI investigates a wiretapped conversation by corporate lobbyist Nira Radia to learn the involvement of middlemen in the grant of spectrum to telecom companies, seeking information from the Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation about Radia and her company.201013 March: The Supreme Court upholds the Delhi High Court ruling that the cutoff-date advancement was illegal.31 March: According to the Comptroller and Auditor General, there were large-scale irregularities in spectrum allocation.2 April: CBI Deputy Inspector General of Investigations Vineet Agarwal and Indian Revenue Service Director General of Income Tax Investigations Milap Jain, who were investigating the case, are transferred; Jain becomes Director General of International Taxation.6 May: Telephone conversation between Raja and Niira Radia, recorded by the Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation, made public.The Centre for Public Interest Litigation petitions the Delhi High Court for a special investigation of the scam.25 May: Petition dismissed by the court.August: Dismissal appealed to the Supreme Court.18 August: High Court refuses to order the prime minister to rule on a request by Janata Party chief Subramanian Swamy to prosecute Raja.13 September: The Supreme Court asks the government and Raja to reply within 10 days to three petitions filed by the CPIL and others alleging a ₹70,000 crore (US$11 billion) scam in granting telecom licences in 2008.24 September: Swamy petitions the Supreme Court to order the PM to prosecute Raja.27 September: The Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation informs the Supreme Court of a probe of firms suspected to have violated the Foreign Exchange Management Act, saying it cannot confirm or deny Raja's involvement.8 October: The Supreme Court asks the government to respond to the Comptroller and Auditor General report about the scam.21 October: Draft reports from the CAG are presented to the Supreme Court.29 October: The Supreme Court criticises the CBI for its slowness in investigating the scam.10 November: The CAG submits a report on 2G spectrum to the government, stating a loss of ₹176,000 crore (US$27 billion) to the exchequer.11 November: The DoT files a Supreme Court affidavit that the CAG lacked the authority to question the 2008 policy decision.14 November: Raja resigns as telecom minister.15 November: Kapil Sibal placed in charge of Telecom Ministry.20 November: Affidavit on behalf of the PM filed in Supreme Court rejecting the charge of inaction on Swamy's complaint.22 November: The CBI and the Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation tell the SC they will file a charge sheet within three months, and the CBI says it will investigate the role of Niira Radia.24 November: The SC reserves verdict on Swamy's request to the PM to prosecute Raja.25 November: The SC criticises the CBI for not questioning Raja.29 November: The CBI files a status report on the probe.30 November: The SC questions the Central Vigilance Commission's P. J. Thomas' fitness to supervise the CBI probe, since he was Telecom Secretary at that time.1 December: The SC orders the original tapes of conversations by Radia. Raja questions the CAG findings.2 December: The government supplies Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation tapes to the SC, which criticises Raja for ignoring the PM's advice to delay the spectrum allocation.8 December: SC favours including 2001 (when first-come, first-served was the norm for spectrum allocation) in the probe period and asks the government to consider a special court. The Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation reports a money trail covering 10 countries, including Mauritius.14 December: PIL filed in SC, seeking the cancellation of new telecom licences and 2G spectrum allocated under Raja.15 December: Swamy petitions a Delhi court for his inclusion as a public prosecutor, saying Raja favoured "ineligible" companies Swan Telecom and Unitech Wireless in allocating spectrum.16 December: The SC decides to monitor the CBI inquiry.20114 January: Swamy petitions the SC for cancellation of the licenses.10 January: Supreme Court notifies the government of Swamy's petition, and issues notices to 11 companies which allegedly did not fulfill the roll-out obligations or were ineligible.30 January: The government's decision to regularise the licenses of companies which failed to meet the deadline is challenged in the Supreme Court.2 February: Raja, former Telecom Secretary Siddharth Behura and Raja's former personal secretary, R. K. Chandolia, are arrested.8 February: Raja is remanded to two more days of CBI custody, and Behura and Chandolia are placed in judicial custody. Swan Telecom corporate promoter Shahid Usman Balwa is arrested.10 February: The Supreme Court asks the CBI to investigate corporations which were beneficiaries of the spectrum allocation. Raja and Balwa are remanded to CBI custody for four more days by a special CBI court.14 February: Raja's custody is extended by three days, and Balwa's for four.17 February: Raja is sent to Tihar Jail under judicial custody.18 February: The Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation questions Kani Mozhi at its Chennai headquarters.24 February: The Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation tells a Delhi court that Balwa facilitated transactions to Kalaignar TV.28 February: Raja requests video-conferenced judicial proceedings, saying that he is threatened by other inmates.1 March: The CBI tells the SC that 63 people are under investigation. Raja appears in CBI court via video-conference.14 March: The Delhi High Court establishes a special court. Balwa is also allowed to appear via video-conference.17 March: The SC reserves judgment on licence cancellations, rejecting corporate claims that estoppel cannot be applied to protect illegality.29 March: The SC allows the CBI to file its chargesheet on 2 April instead of 31 March. Asif Balwa and Rajeev Agarwal are arrested.2 April: The CBI files its first chargesheet.25 April: The CBI files a second chargesheet, and Kanimozhi, Sharad Kumar and Karim Morani are summoned.6 May: Kanimozhi and Sharad Kumar appear, requesting bail, and Morani requests an appearance exemption on medical grounds. The SC issues a contempt of court notice to Sahara India Pariwar managing director Subrata Roy and two others for alleged interference in the Directorate General of Economic Enforcement investigation.7 May: The special CBI court reserves judgment on Kanimozhi and Kumar's bail requests.14 May: The special CBI court postpones judgment on the bail pleas for 20 May.20 May: The special court refuses Kanimozhi and Kumar's bail requests, ordering their arrest to prevent witness-tampering.8 June: Delhi HC judge Ajit Bharihoke again refuses bail Kanimozhi and Kumar's bail requests.20 June: The SC refuses Kanimozhi's bail request.25 July: Arguments begin, with Raja wanting to summon the prime minister and former finance minister P. Chidambaram as witnesses.26 August: The special CBI court allows Subramanian Swamy to argue his own case, primarily to address possible loopholes in its investigation.30 August: The Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation freezes accounts and attaches properties worth ₹223 crore (US$35 million) belonging to five companies (primarily related to DB Realty under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA)).1 September: The Enforcement Directorate files a status report in Supreme Court of a Foreign Exchange Management Act violation of ₹ 100 billion.15 September: Swamy requests that P. Chidambaram should be charged.22 September: The CBI defends Chidambaram in the SC, blaming the DoT.26 September: The CBI requests criminal-breach-of-trust charges for Raja, Chandolia and Behura.9 October: The CBI files a First Information Report against Maran and his brother in the Aircel-Maxis deal.10 October: The SC reserves judgment on Swamy's request for a probe of Home Minister Chidambaram's role in the scam.The CBI arrests former telecom minister and DMK leader Dayanidhi Maran and his brother, Kalanithi Maran.22 October: The special CBI court finds prima facie evidence to try the 17 accused (including Raja) on charges including criminal conspiracy, breach of trust, cheating and forgery.3 November: The special CBI court dismisses bail requests of all eight applicants, including Kanimozhi.8 November: The special court orders CBI to provide Swamy with copies of files on equity sales by telecom companies in its investigation of P. Chidambaram's involvement.9 November: The Delhi HC refuses bail to Karim Morani on health grounds, promising a ruling to the CBI on five other bail requests by 1 December.11 November: Trial of the 17 accused begins in the Patiala House special CBI court.14 November: The United Progressive Alliance government asks the SC to restrain Swamy from publicly accusing the UPA leadership, especially Home Minister P Chidambaram and UPA chair Sonia Gandhi.22 November: The special court moves the trial to the Tihar jail, after a Delhi high-court order.23 November: The SC grants bail to five corporate executives: Sanjay Chandra of Unitech Wireless, Vinod Goenka of Swan Telecom and the Reliance Group's Gautam Doshi, Surendra Pipara and Hari Nayar.28 November: The Delhi High Court grants bail to DMK MP Kanimozhi and four others: Karim Morani, Sharad Kumar, Asif Balwa and Rajeev Agarwal, upholding the principle of parity under Section 144 of the Constitution of India in a SC order.29 November: The special court grants bail to Shahid Balwa, citing the principle of parity; the SC and HC had granted bail to 10 other accused parties.1 December: The special court grants bail to Raja's former private secretary, R. K. Chandolia, ordering him not to visit the DoT without prior court permission.2 December: Claiming suo motu, the HC stays trial-court bail granted to R. K. Chandolia.7 December: The SC stays the HC's suo motu order against Chandolia's bail request8 December: The special CBI court accepts Swamy's request to summon Chidambaram as a witness and question two witnesses: senior CBI and Finance Ministry officials.12 December: The CBI files a third chargesheet, naming Essar Group corporate promoters Ravi Ruia, his son Anshuman Ruia and its director of strategy and planning, Vikas Saraf, and Loop Telecom promoters Kiran Khaitan and her husband, I P Khaitan. It also charges Loop Mobile India, its subsidiary Loop Telecom and Essar Tele Holding.16 December: The HC rejects the bail request of Siddharth Behura: "He was the 'perpetrator' of the illegal designs of Raja and would not claim benefit of parity with 10 others released on bail".20122 February: The Supreme Court cancels the 122 licenses issued by Raja and imposes a ₹50 million ($1,018,122) fine on Unitech, Swan and Tata Teleservices and a ₹5 million fine on Loop Telecom Pvt Ltd, S-Tel, Allianz Infratech and Sistema Shyam Tele Services. The SC requested a trial-court ruling about whether Home Minister P Chidambaram should be charged.4 February: The special court, under justice O.P Saini, dismisses Swamy's request to charge Chidambram.8 February: The Enforcement Directorate and the Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation charge DMK leader Dayanidhi Maran with money laundering and his brother, Kalanithi Maran, for allegedly receiving about ₹5.5 billion illegally in the Aircel-Maxis deal.9 February: Essar Group and Loop Telecom appeal their special-court subpoenas to the Supreme Court.15 February: The Supreme Court refuses an interim stay on the February 22 summonses of Essar Group, Loop Telecom and their officials by the special court.22 February: The CBI files a complaint with the CVC about witness-tampering by the Directorate General of Income Tax Investigation, allegedly at the behest of DMK Minister of State for Finance SS Palanimanickam. Swamy said he would notify the Supreme Court.23 February: Swamy petitions the Supreme Court to overturn the trial-court dismissal of his request to charge Union Home Minister P. Chidambaram.2 March: The government of India files a review petition in Supreme Court of the court's 2 February order cancelling the 122 licenses, questioning the court's authority to supersede the first-come, first-served policy but not challenging the validity of the cancellations. Raja and Sistema (majority shareholder in MTS India, Uninor and other telecom companies) also file a SC review petition.4 April: Except for the government of India's partial review petition, the Supreme Court dismisses all 10 review petitions.Companies dismissed include Videocon Telecommunications, S Tel, Sistema Shyam Teleservices, Tata Teleservices, Unitech Wireless (Tamil Nadu), Etisalat DB Telecom and Idea Cellular.12 April: The government requests an advisory opinion from the Supreme Court on issues arising from its 2 February ruling.9 May: The Supreme Court grants bail to Siddharth Behura; and upheld RK Chandolia's bail. Raja requests bail.15 May: Bail granted to Raja after 15 months, on condition that he have court permission to visit Tamil Nadu.6 June: The special court allows Raja to visit Tamil Nadu.3 July: Briefing the joint parliamentary committee probing the scam, the Enforcement Directorate said it has enough evidence to convict DMK chief Karunanidhi's wife and daughter, Kanimozhi.31 July: Former DoT senior official A. K. Srivastava confirmed the CBI's allegation in his testimony, and Raja (as telecom minister) was the final authority on policy matters. In an earlier statement to CBI, he said that Raja had recorded the cut—off date of 1 October 2007 in a DoT file.1 August: The Supreme Court, in its advisory opinion on the 2G judgment, says that the implementation of the first-come, first-served policy was flawed. According to the Chief Justice, "The moment you change the criterion and distort the policy, it ceases to be FCFS policy. If you insist on making payment at the last minute after changing the cut-off date, then it is not FCFS, it is an out-of-turn policy.3 August: In accordance with a Supreme Court directive, the government of India revises the spectrum value to ₹140 billion (US$2.2 billion);This discredits the zero-loss theory and illustrates the ₹1,760 billion (US$27 billion) revenue loss calculated by the CAG.9 August: The government again requests an extension from the Supreme Court (this time to 12 November) of the deadline to begin auctioning spectrum licences. After cancelling 122 licences in February, the court had given it four months to re-auction them (which had been extended to 31 August).11 November: After one year of trial, 77 of 154 witnesses have been deposed.201320 April: Communist Party of India senior MP Gurudas Dasgupta accuses Manmohan Singh of "dereliction of duty", alleging that the PM was aware of irregularities in the allocation of telecom licences. According to Dasgupta, in a November 2007 letter Kamal Nath advised the Prime Minister to establish a group of ministers to allocate spectrum. He also referred to a note from the Cabinet Secretary recommending that the assessed value of spectrum licences be increased.23 April: In a 112-page written statement to the joint parliamentary committee, Raja said that he met with P. Chidambaram and Prime Minister Singh several times from November 2007 to July 2008 to inform them of all 2G-related decisions and Singh agreed with him.___________________________________________________On 2 February 2012 the Supreme Court ruled on petitions filed by Subramanian Swamy and the Centre for Public Interest Litigation (CPIL) represented by Prashant Bhushan, challenging the 2008 allotment of 2G licenses, cancelling all 122 spectrum licences granted during Raja's term as communications minister. and described the allocation of 2G spectrum as "unconstitutional and arbitrary". The bench of GS Singhvi and Asok Kumar Ganguly imposed a fine of ₹50 million (US$780,000) on Unitech Wireless, Swan Telecom and Tata Teleservices and a ₹5 million (US$78,000) fine on Loop Telecom, S Tel, Allianz Infratech and Sistema Shyam Tele Services. According to the ruling the current licences would remain in place for four months, after which time the government would reissue the licences.In its ruling the court said that former telecom minister A. Raja "wanted to favour some companies at the cost of the public exchequer", listing seven steps he took to ensure this:After becoming telecom minister, Raja directed that all applications for spectrum licences would be held pending Telecom Regulatory Authority of India recommendations.The 28 August 2007 TRAI recommendations were not presented to the full Telecom Commission, which would have included the finance secretary. Although the TRAI recommendations for allocation of 2G spectrum had serious financial implications (and finance ministry input was required under the Government of India Transaction of Business Rules, 1961), Telecom Commission non-permanent members were not notified of the meeting.The DoT officers attending the 10 October 2007 Telecom Commission meeting were coerced into approving the TRAI recommendations, or they would have "incurred" Raja's "wrath".Since the Cabinet had approved the Group of Ministers recommendations, the DoT had to discuss the issue of spectrum pricing with the finance ministry. However, Raja did not consult the finance minister or other officials because the finance secretary had objected to allocating 2G spectrum at 2001 rates.Raja dismissed the law minister's suggestion that the issue should be presented to the Group of Ministers. After receiving the PM's 2 November 2007 letter suggesting transparency in spectrum allocation of the spectrum, Raja said it would be unfair, discriminatory, arbitrary and capricious to auction spectrum to new applicants because it would not give them a level playing field. Although a 24 September DoT press release said that 1 October would be the application deadline, he changed the deadline to 25 September. Raja's arbitrary action, "though appear[ing] to be innocuous was actually intended to benefit some of the real estate firms who did not have any experience in dealing with telecom services and who had made applications only on 24 September 2007, i.e. one day before the cut-off date fixed by the C&IT minister on his own".The 25 September cut-off date decided by Raja on 2 November was not made public until a 10 January 2008 press release in which he changed the first-come, first-served principle which had been in operation since 2003. "This enabled some of the applicants, who had access either to the minister or DoT officers, get bank drafts prepared towards performance guarantee of about Rs 16 billion""The manner in which the exercise for grant of LoIs to the applicants was conducted on 10 January 2008 leaves no room for doubt that everything was stage managed to favour those who were able to know in advance change in the implementation of the first-come-first-served policy." As a result, some companies who had submitted applications in 2004 or 2006 were pushed down the list in favour of those who had applied in August and September 2007.

First let us know the sequences of Bofors case.{March 24, 1986: The Rs 1,437-crore deal between India and the Swedish arms manufacturer AB Bofors for the supply of 400 155mm Howitzer guns for the Indian Army was entered on March 24, 1986.April 16, 1987: The Swedish Radio on April 16, 1987, had claimed that the company had paid bribes to top Indian politicians and defence personnel.April 20, 1987: Rajiv Gandhi told the Lok Sabha that no kickbacks were paid and no middlemen were involved.August 6, 1987: Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC) set up under former union minister B Shankaranand to investigate the kickbacks allegations.February 1988: Indian investigators visit Sweden to probe the issueJuly 18, 1989: JPC submitted report to the ParliamentNovember 1989: Congress was defeated in general elections, therefore, Rajiv Gandhi lost his position.December 26, 1989: Then prime minister V P Singh-led government barred Bofors from signing any contract with India.January 22, 1990: The CBI had registered the FIR for the alleged offences of criminal conspiracy, cheating, forgery under the Indian Penal Code and other sections of Prevention of Corruption Act against Martin Ardbo, the then President of AB Bofors, alleged middleman win chaddaWin and Hinduja Brothers.February 1990: First Letter Rogatory sent to Swiss Government.February 1992: Journalist Bo Anderson’s report on the Bofors Scandal was published, which created a massive controversy.December 1992: The Supreme Court rejected the complaint in the case reversing Delhi High Court’s decision.July 1993: The Swiss Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of Ottavio Quattrocchi and other accused in the case. Quattrocchi was an Italian businessman who was being sought until early 2009 in India for criminal charges for acting as a conduit for bribes in the Bofors Scandal In the same month, Quattrocchi left India and has not returned since.February 1997: Non-bailable warrant (NBW) and Red Corner notice issued against Quattrocchi.March-August 1998: Quattrocchi filed a plea, which was rejected in Supreme Court as he refused to appear in the Indian court.December 1998: Second Rogatory Letter sent to the Swiss government to probe into the transfer of money from Guernsey and Austria to Switzerland.October 22, 1999: The first charge sheet in the case was filed against Win Chadda, who was an agent of A B Bofors, Quattrocchi, then defence secretary S K Bhatnagar, Martin Karl Ardbo, who was the president of the gun manufacturer, and the Bofors company.March-September 2000: Chadha came to India to face trial and sought permission to go to Dubai for medical treatment but the plea was rejected. An open NBC was issued in July against Ardbo.September-October 2000: Hinduja Brothers issued a statement in London that said that the funds allocated by them had no connection to the Bofors deal. However, a supplementary charge sheet was filed against Hinduja Brothers and a chargesheet was filed against Quattrocchi, who asked Supreme Court to reverse the order of his arrest but when the court asked him to appear before CBI for a probe, he refused to oblige.December 2000: Quattrocchi was arrested in Malaysia, but later received bail on the condition that he does not leave the country.August 2001: Bhatnagar dies of cancerDecember 2002: India requested for Quattrocchi’s extradition but Malaysia High Court turned down the request.July 2003: Letter of Rogatory sent by India to the United Kingdom seeking the freezing of Quattrocchi's bank accounts.February-March 2004: Court had exonerated late Rajiv Gandhi and Bhatnagar the case and directed framing of charge of forgery under Section 465 of IPC against the Bofors company. Malaysian Supreme Courted rejected India’s extradition request of Quattrocchi.May-October 2005: Delhi HC quashed charges against the Hinduja brother and A B Bofors. The apex court had allowed Ajay Agarwal, a Supreme Court lawyer, to file an appeal against the high court verdict in the absence of any appeal by CBI within the mandatory 90 days.January 2006: SC directs Center and CBI to ensure the status quo of freezing Quattrocchi's accounts. However, money was withdrawn on the same day.February-June 2007: The Interpol arrested Quattrochi at Iguazu Airport in Argentine. Three months later, the Federal court of the first instance declined India’s request for extradition.April-November 2009: CBI withdrew Red Corner Notice against Quattrocchi and sought SC’s permission to withdraw the case as continuous efforts of extradition had failed. Later, Ajay Agarwal filed an RTI application seeking the documents of de-freezing Quattrocchi’s account in London, but CBI refused to reply to the plea.December 2010: Court reversed order on CBI plea to discharge Quattrochhi. Income tax tribunal asked the income tax department to get the tax dues from Quattrochhi and Chaddha’s son.February-March 2011: Chief Information Commission accused CBI of withholding information. A month later, a special CBI court in Delhi had discharged Quattrocchi from the case saying the country cannot afford to spend hard-earned money on his extradition which has already cost Rs 250 crore.April 2012: Swedish police chief Sten Lindstrom revealed that he was the Deep Throat in the Bofors case and the key source that Chitra Subramaniam turned to. He added that the Swedish Police had no evidence of Rajiv Gandhi or Amitabh Bachchan, who was a close friend the former prime minister, receiving kickbacks in the Bofors scam. Amitabh Bachchan's name first appeared in this scandal through a newspaper who printed his name and a case was filed against him but later he was declared innocent.July 2013: Quattrocchi, who fled from here on July 29-30, 1993, has never appeared before any court in India to face prosecution. He passed away on July 13, 2013. The other accused persons who have died are Bhatnagar, Chadda and Ardbo.December 1, 2016: The hearing of Agarwal’s had taken place after a gap of almost six years since August 12, 2010.July 14, 2017: The CBI said it would open the investigation on the Bofors case if the Supreme Court and Center orders for the same.October 19, 2017: CBI asserted that they will probe the facts and circumstances revealed in connection to Bofors scam, including the information provided by Michael Hershman to a TV channel in an interview, wherein he made several revelations and named some powerful politicians in India linked with the deal. Michael Hershman, who first found Bofors papers, was a secret investigator the Indian government had deployed.}source:- Bofors scam: A timeline of the 31-year-old, Rs 1,437-cr India-Sweden dealSupreme court can not bury the case . It decides the case on evidences available submitted by the inquiring authority. In most cases the inquiring authority will suppress the evidences against ruling party, so later it will become almost impossible to prove the case if other party comes to power.If any thing to be proved it should be in earlier stages of investigation only.VP singh worked as Prime Minister for only one and half years or so. had he been there for another 4 years, the case would have been proved. After that up to 1998 congress governments have ruled and killed the case.{The Supreme Court is slated to hear Friday the politically-sensitive Rs 64 crore Bofors pay-off case in which CBI earlier this year filed an appeal after a 13-year delay against the Delhi High Court decision quashing charges against all the accused. The matter would come up for hearing before a bench of Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi and Justice K M Joseph.The probe agency filed an appeal on February 2 this year against the May 31, 2005 verdict of the Delhi High Court.BJP leader and advocate Ajay Agrawal, who is pursuing the matter for over a decade, had filed an appeal in the top court in 2005 itself after the CBI had failed to challenge the high court's order within the mandatory 90 days period.Agrawal, who contested the 2014 Lok Sabha election from Rae Bareli against the then Congress president Sonia Gandhi, had filed the appeal in which he had also made CBI as one of the respondents.His appeal was already admitted and is pending.After the NDA government came to power, there were speculations that CBI would take a call to either respond as respondent in Agrawal's petition or prefer a separate appeal.After lot of deliberation, the CBI this year got the nod from the NDA government to file an appeal in the apex court.The filing of the appeal assumes significance as Attorney General K K Venugopal in January had advised the agency against moving a petition against the high court verdict after a delay of more than a decade.Later, after consultations, law officers were in favor of the appeal as the CBI came out with "some important documents and evidence" to challenge the high court order.Sources in February had said the agency swung into action after the Attorney General orally gave it a go-ahead to file the appeal in the case in which it cited the October 2017 interview of private detective Michael Hershman, who alleged that the then Rajiv Gandhi-led Congress government had sabotaged his investigation.Hershman, who is the president of the US-based private detective firm Fairfax, had claimed in television interviews that Rajiv Gandhi was "furious" when he had found a Swiss bank account "Mont Blanc".He had also alleged that the bribe money of the Bofors gun scandal had been parked in the Swiss account.The CBI in its appeal stated that further investigation was necessary in view of the reports relating to Hershman's interviews. }Now the Supreme court is hearing the case on 9th. November,2018.I can not say it is election stunt. The case never closed. it was kept alive by Ajay Agarwal.