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When I was a regional service rep for GM back in the mid 80’s the dealerships would call me whenever they ran into problem they could not figure out. So, one day I get a call from the regional office that one of my dealers had a brand new Cadillac that for some unknown reason kept blowing out the computer. The PLC and 555 timer chips were always destroyed. So I get to the dealer and the vehicle, along with a very unhappy customer were waiting for me. It seems that they had replaced the computer five different times and within a day or so, the car had to be towed back to the dealer and yet another computer had let all the smoke out. (That’s a term used by electronics techs to explain why electronic parts go bad to people who do not understand electronics. “You see sir, electronics run on smoke and when the smoke gets out the part is dead.)The technician that had worked on the vehicle handed me a stack of diagnostic printouts and I asked the customer exactly when and where the problem occurred. He said when he picked the car up at the dealer and drove it home, it worked perfectly. And the next day when he drove it to work, it worked perfectly, but when he got in to drive home, it would not start. So I pored over the printouts and then asked the man to drive to where he worked and I would follow him. He drove down the road about a mile and pulled into a place where they sold prefab storage sheds and all kinds of mulch and landscape gravel and stone. I walked around the place for hours looking for anything that could possibly have caused the computers to fail. I searched for high voltage underground cable and and when I was checking for high tension overhead lines, I spotted a small single staff antenna on a 80 foot tower at the building next door. I asked the customer what did that business do, as there were no signs on the exterior of the building. He said he did not know, so I went next door to talk to the owner. It turns out that years earlier it had been an old electronics repair shop, but he had closed down and retired years ago. So I asked him what the antenna outside was for. He told me that about a year ago the county dispatch made him an offer to use his tower to install a repeater transmitter to increase coverage. They were paying him 150 dollars a month to “rent” the tower and he never gave it a second thought. I went over and checked the transmitter and discovered what should have been a maybe 250 watt unit was actually a 5000 watt unit. Turned out that because the antenna was well below the FCC approved elevation, the range was severely limited to about what a 250 watt unit would reach if it were at the correct height. But, of course if you were within about a half a mile, you were getting blasted with intense radio frequency (RF) from the antenna. I told the customer to start his car and drive it back to the dealer for some modifications we would need to make. Of course it was already dead, so I drove him back and called the dealer to come and tow in the car.When we were back at the shop I had the parts department give me a new computer and before I gave it to the tech to install it, I wrapped the plastic case with some thin sheet aluminum I had gotten from the body shop and riveted a ground wire to it. I told the tech to put it back in and connect the added wire to the steel cross member under the dash to ground it. I gave the customer back his car and we never had another complaint.Since then, any electronics that can be affected by high power RF are now in steel or aluminum cases or have their sensitive parts internally shielded from stray, high power Radio Frequencies. That was the first, and as far as I can remember, the last time I ever had to diagnose and repair an automotive problem that was not caused by the vehicle, but by an outside source.Oh yeah, the county has since moved their antenna to about 300 meters into the air and are using a five hundred watt transmitter and not a 5000 watt one.

Preferential Location Charges, also known as PLC, is an extra cost that a homebuyer needs to pay to book a unit of his inclination. All the units in a residential project that have some view or are Vastu-consistent are charged a PLC at per sq.ft. rate. Indeed, even the corner units are charged extra. Indeed, the floor rise premium is additionally a piece of PLC. Accordingly, typically, higher floors have a higher floor rise charges. Be that as it may, because of climatic and geological conditions, these charges may change. For example, in NCR, floor premium is higher for lower floor units because of the hot climate. Despite what might be expected, in Bangalore, the floor rise premium is more as one goes higher up.How to analyze PLC?PLC is charged per sq.ft. on the super developed region of your building. Hence, you can ascertain PLC by increasing the developed region of the flat with the rate indicated in the undertaking's cost sheet. PLC as a rule shifts from Rs 40-150 for every sq. ft. Each builder and project has an alternate PLC relying upon the venture spending plan and location.Is PLC taxable?In the judgment conveyed by the High Court in 2016, another provision was presented. According to section 65(105), "taxable assistance implies any help given or to be provided to a purchaser, by a developer of a residential complex, or a business complex, or some other individual approved by such manufacturer, for giving special area or improvement of such perplexing however does exclude services secured under sub-statements, and comparable to a parking spot." Thus, it is for sure taxable.With unsold stock rising, builders are offering limits to auction their current inventories. Additionally, putting resources into beginning phases of development may show signs of improved deals.Thus, next time you run over enormous hoardings reading 'park' or 'sea-facing,' recall that everything comes at an extra price. Likewise, at whatever point you are visiting a project site, make a point to check the PLC indicated by the builder on the cost sheet.

Simple - Alien Dreadnought.Alien Dreadnought is what Elon calls the machine that builds the machine. When you take apart a Tesla, all you get are what parts there are and how they fit together. It tells you very little about the machine that puts it together.When you see two plates fastened together with a bolt, do you know if that bolt was installed and tightened by a person, a machine or a combination of both?Tesla has invested tremendously in automating the process to make stuff. From basic stuff like car seats to installing wiring harnesses in cars. Most car makers laughed when Tesla had to rip out a large portion of the Model 3 lines when robots couldn’t effectively install wiring harnesses. This missed the obvious point - wiring harnesses are hard, but if you can beat that manufacturing problem with robots, then pretty much the entire process can be done with robots.Thus with Model Y, a redesigned wiring harness with 90% less wire than the Model S and designed from the start to be handled by robots were patented by Tesla. We will have to wait to see if it actually makes it into production in 2020, but if it does, it means Tesla will be another step ahead of the competition.Vertical integration - as part of the machine that makes the machine, Tesla also ensures its part supply. By making its own parts it has total control of the quality and design of them, it can make compromises or absorb higher costs that a parts contractor might not be willing to do. This doesn’t show when you look at a part, all you can do is estimate how much it cost. By controlling all of these aspects, Tesla can make changes quickly and with less red tape and expense than a standard car maker who has to deal with separate parts suppliers.If you find a part that shows unique welding or shape from forming, you don’t necessarily know how it was done. All you can see is the final result. For instance, Tesla has patented a new casting machine to make the frame to the Model Y, a crazy machine that could reduce a car frame from 70 separate parts that need to be formed and assembled to a single piece. Tesla Goes Patent Crazy With Huge Casting Machine For Model YThat said, it doesn’t really matter that you can’t tell this process from just looking at the pieces. Tesla has released all its patents for any company to read and use. Most choose not to do so. All Our Patent Are Belong To YouUPDATE: 01/15/2020Thanks everyone for the Upvotes!With more comments from Elon regarding Full Self Driving being “feature complete” in 2020, the importance of Alien Dreadnought becomes more important. Software, AI and full self driving capabilities are definitely products that competitors can’t replicate simply by taking the car apart. Even looking at the software code, especially for the AI doesn’t tell you how Tesla got there.Tesla is pushing AI faster and farther, not just in the end product Self Driving AI, but in the training techniques and even the hardware used to run the software to train. This is all part of the Alien Dreadnought - build the machines that build the machines.Tesla Quietly Acquired a Machine Learning Startup That's 'Squeezing' A.I.As for the “parts supply” of this portion of the machine, it is driving data. And Tesla has worked hard to make sure it has a nearly endless supply of driving data. With every Tesla equipped with sensors and most equipped with the full self driving suite of sensors such as cameras, radar and ultrasonics, every Tesla on the road is feeding data back to Tesla, billions (with a B) of miles of it every year. To put that into perspective, Waymo just hit 20 million miles of data total, currently running about a million miles per month. Waymo’s autonomous cars have driven 20 million miles on public roadsAI’s train best on lots of unusual data. Having access to billions of miles means Tesla’s have probably seen lots of weird things on the road - flying cars, kangaroos, planes landing on the highway etc. And with Sentry cam, it can record things even while parked. Tesla's millions of cameras are capturing some crazy things - videos - Electrek This is useful for teaching the AI about human behavior, not just things that happen on roads, so perhaps in the future the AI can determine social interactions like “a fight is happening” and predict that people are going to run out into the road.By designing its own processing chip and designing teaching supercomputers like Dojo, Tesla continues to make the machines to make the machines. Something conventional automakers are completely unable to do.Elon Musk hints at Tesla's secret project 'Dojo' making the difference in race to full self-driving - ElectrekUpdate 02/24/2020And the Alien Dreadnought rolls on - Tesla Self Driving Computer, designed from a clean sheet of paper, puts Tesla years ahead of the competition. Designed in house using the best talent in the world and manufactured exclusively for Tesla by Samsung in Austin.Tesla Self-Driving Computer architect Jim Keller is confident about solving autonomous driving - ElectrekThe issue is not that other companies can’t design their own chips to match the technology, but they can’t get rid of their current contracts and manufacturers for years. Again, by bringing manufacturing in-house, Tesla continues to ensure the supply.“The real reason for holding off? Automakers worry that computers like Tesla’s will render obsolete the parts supply chains they have cultivated over decades, the engineer said. Such systems will drastically cut the number of electronic control units, or ECUs, in cars. For suppliers that depend on these components, and their employees, this is a matter of life and death.” Tesla teardown finds electronics 6 years ahead of Toyota and VWUPDATE 4/28/20Additional evidence that “Alien Dreadnought” is the correct path. VW has had to delay the release of the ID.3 due to “software issues.”. From a highly optimistic 2018 prediction that VW would be producing a vehicle to match Tesla for “half the price” by 2020 - VW Claims By 2020, Its Electric Cars Will Match Tesla At Half Price to the stark reality of having thousands of vehicles bricked and sitting in lots - VW ID.3: thousands of electric cars spotted being stockpiled in Germany - Electrek the reality of failing to invest in the machine to make the machine is evident. While the machine in this case is software, VW’s lack of investment in internal software development shows how unprepared the entire company is for the future of vehicle production.“Today, our share [self-developed software as a portion of all software in Volkswagen Group vehicles] is less than 10 percent. That is clearly too small. In the Volkswagen Group, we want to achieve a share in software development of more than 60 percent by 2025.”Volkswagen Software Comments — 10 Months Ago vs. TodayShortages of robots (Tesla bought the company VW was using), shortages of programmers (Tesla produces most of its software in house and already has a massive team of programmers), a lack of integrated design (VW is trying to integrate dozens of different hardware/software suppliers) all prevent VW from producing a viable vehicle at this time. The machine that makes the machine isn’t working.Now in discussions with Daimler-Benz to try to pool software resources, they are very late to the game and late to the realization that software is as important as hardware. Daimler flirtet mit BMW und VW Simply building the physical isn’t enough, what runs the car is as important, if not more important than the physical parts to producing a top rate EV.UPDATE 05/19/20VW is learning that the future of cars IS to treat them like smartphones. Their software issues now extend to a conventional model - The iconic VW Golf (Gen 8). Failure of the emergency call system is halting their delivery of even conventional vehicles because of software difficulties. Despite having 46 years of experience producing the Golf, VW seems very inexperienced with software. It will have a difficult time building the expertise to handle these problems, let alone getting ahead due to the huge demand worldwide for such expertise as EVERY carmaker realizes that software is the future of the car.https://www.motor1.com/news/423689/vw-golf-software-issues-arise/New Volkswagen Golf Mk. 8 Deliveries Stopped Over eCall Software IssueUPDATE 06/30/20Building the factories to house the machines that makes the machine.As proven by the build speed of Gigafactory 3 (Shanghai) going from a muddy field to a producing manufacturing line in less than one year and with the ground breaking and rapid build out of Gigafactory 4 (Berlin), Tesla shows how important Alien Dreadnought is. Knowing what processes and parts that need to be manufactured and scaling the buildings from the beginning allow Tesla to create a factory space rapidly and repeatedly. If Gigafactory 5 (Texas) becomes an operational reality in 2021, then Tesla will have built 3 operating mega factories in less than 3 years.Breaking! Tesla Gigafactory 3 Groundbreaking In China In A Few Hours — UPDATEDTesla’s Chinese factory just delivered its first carsTesla breaks ground on foundation at Gigafactory Berlin, brings in heavy machinery - ElectrekInteresting details during construction, especially regarding the Model Y. For American built Model Y’s, the back frame is two cast parts, not the one part envisioned in the patent.However, for Giga Shanghai and Fremont, new supersized casting machines were ordered.Tesla Giga Shanghai Could Be Constructing The Next Level Casting Machine for MIC Model YSo a single piece rear frame casting could come online this year for Model Y. I would assume that Giga Berlin will also be equipped with the “Gigapress” for European Model Y production.UPDATE 07/08/2020More signs that vertical integration, cross pollination and diverse investment can prove to be innovative. A bonus efficiency when you control all aspects of the Alien Dreadnought.So it appears that Tesla is looking for a visual image engineer to work at the new Fremont Battery Factory. Current theories run that Tesla is going to apply visual AI to the quality assurance process. This is an indicator that Tesla’s investment in AI, particularity visual AI will provide additional benefits other than driving.Quality control is one of Tesla’s biggest current problems. It involves inspecting pieces and work, identifying if they are correct or incorrect and then (sometimes) fixing the problem. This has traditionally been a human job since the variety of problems (paint problems, panel gaps, incorrectly installed wires, misted headlights, etc.) was too much to simply program in with a huge variety of visual cues. With an AI visually learning what a problem looks like and its thousands of variations, it could quickly be able to inspect, flag and note how to correct any imperfections during the manufacturing process, thus saving time and effort at a later date. Since it will be run by robots and AI, this means it will always be vigilant and always provide a complete inspection.“Vision Systems Engineer, Cell EngineeringSAVETeslaFremont, CAApply on LinkedInApply on Careers For Veterans At Tesla - Veteran HiringApply on Jobilize LLCApply on JobsApply on BIGHiredApply on LocalJobs.com25 days agoFull-timeThe RoleTelsa’s cell manufacturing engineering group is looking for a highly-motivated equipment development engineer to accelerate our next-generation battery cell manufacturing program. This role will be involved in the design, development, commissioning and ramping of high-throughput equipment, while working in a cross-functional team to test, validate, and roll-out process and product design changes. The battery cell is a critical component in Tesla vehicles and storage systems. This role will have the opportunity to make meaningful contributions to our products. The work environment is demanding, fast-paced and incredibly exciting. The ideal candidate should be ready to push their limits, as they join in a highly motivated and capable team to make unbelievable things into reality.Responsibilities • Drive design, commissioning ramp of a complex manufacturing tool that is the first of its kind at Tesla • Work collaboratively as the equipment expert to ensure production lines run in a safe, efficient manner producing high-quality parts. • Become owner/subject matter expert to drive equipment-related process improvement including detailed troubleshooting and root cause analysis. • Troubleshoot and recover processes by PLC, HMI, or tool management software, and implement changes/improvements • Build training material, maintenance routines, and related documentation for equipment life cycle management • Lead safety and ergonomic improvements to production equipment which meets or exceeds regulations or best practices. • Identify equipment critical spare parts and ensure sufficient coverage to prevent extended downtime situations • Participate in supplier/ internal equipment buyoffs • Debug and optimize automated processes to maximize cycle time and uptime. • Develop and manage FMEA risk assessments to prioritize equipment improvement projects and ensure sufficient repair strategies. • Provide hands-on support to the maintenance team to troubleshoot and resolve extended downtime situations. Requirements • Either a BS with 6+ years’ relevant experience or an MS with 3+ years relevant experience in interdisciplinary/integrated engineering, manufacturing engineering, or equivalent • Evidence of exceptional ability. • Strong engineering foundations. Aptitude to learn • Demonstrated experience ramping equipment into manufacturing - automation equipment, web handling, design of electromechanical systems, PLCs, motion controls, and data capture • Demonstrated experienced solving complex electromechanical and software systems with limited documentation to debug issues, build process know-how, and kick off improvement projects • Structured thinking and problem-solving abilities. Proven through a number of root cause analysis following a data-driven approach, statistical software (JMP) a plus • 2D ACAD experience in creating/validating layouts, tooling drawings, Pneumatic and electrical schematics • Experience with robot programming, backup, and restoration a plus • Experience in automotive or high volume manufacturing is highly desired”UPDATE 07/29/20Alien Dreadnought - Building edition. Tesla has gained sufficient experience to make even the manufacturing of factory buildings faster and more efficient. Pre-fab concrete panels to accelerate the building of Gigafactory Berlin.Giga Berlin will come together at an impossible-seeming speed. The prefabricated construction method in Germany is extremely impressive.— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) July 27, 2020Tesla Giga Berlin is coming together quickly thanks to prefabricated constructionWill Giga Berlin break the Giga China construction record? With Giga Texas already clearing land, will Texas be built even faster? With talks of a second China Gigafactory and another Gigafactory somewhere in Asia, the machine that makes the factories to hold the machines seems to be running faster and faster.UPDATE 09/23/20 - BATTERY DAYSo much vertical integration, Alien Dreadnought, and evidence that Tesla is not just an EV company. From investing in a new process to extract lithium from clay using water and salt and being able to return the dirt back into the ground, to producing larger, more capable batteries faster, cheaper and in less space than the 2170, utilizing new chemistry and integrating the battery pack as a primary structure, being able to recycle the batteries at the end of their life with minimal processing, Elon and Baglino showed how integrated manufacturing and vertical integration of the supply chain are the core of Tesla.Everything You Need To Know About Tesla's New 4680 Battery CellWhile it will take some time to ramp up production of the new 4680 cell, the pilot plant just down the street in Fremont is designed for 10 GWh of production, 1/3 that of Gigafactory Nevada in a building 12 times smaller. With limited production already beginning, design and testing of vehicles to use the new battery cell is well underway (Model S Plaid).Bigger batteries that are more efficient, cheaper to make, faster to make, more environmentally friendly and providing additional benefits to charging, structure, weight and longevity. All the result of Alien Dreadnought.UPDATE 10/28/20 - FULL SELF DRIVING BETALimited FSD beta releasing on Tuesday next week, as promised. This will, at first, be limited to a small number of people who are expert & careful drivers.— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) October 12, 2020With the recent release of FSD Beta, limited, it again highlights Tesla’s use of Alien Dreadnought. Since every recent Tesla with HW 3.0 chip is capable of FSD, Tesla has already built a test fleet of hundreds of thousands of vehicles. By slowing releasing beta to “expert & careful drivers” Tesla has recruited dozens if not hundreds of Tesla owners to test drive FSD, for free. Already on YouTube are hundreds of hours of video of FSD beta in action showing how it acts in all kinds of places, times, weather and situations. There are self reported testers in at least 9 states.Tesla Starts to Rollout Full Self-Driving FSD Beta for Different States' EAP MembersWhile the first days showed definite errors or quirks - always taking the leftmost turn lane even if there were two turn lanes, slowing, but not enough for speed bumps, mistaking an angle parked car as a moving car after a turn, taking longer to turn into traffic allowing a crossing car to come close, etc. patches are apparently fast and furious. With massive uploads of driving data - Tesla is collecting insane amount of data from its Full Self-Driving test fleet - Electrek Tesla is well positioned to acquire the data for cheap or free, have vast quantities of it, and apparently process it, use it to reteach the AI and update FSD within a day, if not hours. The machine to teach the machine is running fast and furious.Many of the “driver interventions” occur because FSD doesn’t drive in a fashion that makes the driver comfortable - staying in the center of a lane when there are parked cars rather than riding the dividing line, staying in the left lane when other cars are trying to pass, hitting speed bumps a bit fast, hitting the brakes at the last second, waiting too long to merge so the lagging car closes the gap quite close, etc. This information will be useful to Tesla in terms of creating a tolerable human interface, as many passengers, while quite safe with this driver, would find the experience unnerving.UPDATE 02/10/2021 -Elon Interview, Asking the right question.In an interview with Sandy Munro, Elon described why the first Model 3 wheel wells were a mess. As he mentions, they had many engineers working on the project and each one probably got the right answer for the part they were working on. One piece needed to be corrosion resistant, so the engineer picked the best corrosion resistant material, One part had a complex shape so that engineer picked a material that could be formed easily. One part was a heavy duty part that saw a lot of stress so that engineer picked a strong material. Individually each engineer came to the correct answer for her/his question. But the result was a mess - many parts, different materials, new problems in how to attach them together, new problems on how to seal the gaps due to difficulties in fitting them together well, etc. These questions had answers and they were implemented. It was a disaster. As Sandy noted, he hated how the early Model 3 wheel wells were constructed - too many parts, too many materials, too much labor. So Tesla had asked the wrong questions, and even though they had correct answers to those questions, it didn’t really provide the right solution. So Tesla engineers took a step back and asked the right questions - what does this part do, what does it need to made of and using Elon’s favorite design strategy - no part is the best part - how to eliminate the part. The result? Model Y rear structure megacasting - a single piece that replaces 70, is corrosion resistant, strong, and using the gigacasting machines, able to form complex shapes. As an added bonus, the removal of so many parts meant that 300 less robots were need to work on that section. Ask the right questions, get the right answer. Being vertically integrated allowed Tesla to move forward and scrap what wasn’t working for a whole new direction without dealing with suppliers, contracts or unions.