Annexe-B Authorization Letter Format This Letter Should: Fill & Download for Free

Firstly, I hope your “little research” included reading two key texts:Professor Berridge’s Opium and the People for use in UK [1]Professor Dikotter’s Narcotic Culture for use in China [2]They are both academic texts and heavily references to primary sources.These texts critique the assumptions of your question:That the UK did not have an opium problem-it did!Many famous people (Coleridge, Dickens etc) were addicted to laudanum etc but the British Government took a laissez-faire attitude. [3]Opium poisoning deaths also occurred: Registrar General reports showed between 1863 and 1867 there were:235 infant deaths were,56 deaths between one and four years, and340 persons over five years.In 1863 there were 106 accidental poisonings and 19 suicides involving opium [4].As Professor Berridge’s book shows, there were large number of addicts in the UK. Opium caused the death of babies because it was used to soothe infants, who then stopped suckling and became malnourished.That the addiction problems in China in 1840 were as debilitating as often asserted. [5]That the suppression of opium was triggered by Chinese reaction to the health impact on its people [6]That the Opium War was about opium [7]Opium as an Illegal Narcotic in the 19th CenturyThere is a myth that Britain was supplying a narcotic that was banned everywhere to China [8], whereas in fact it was trading a product recognised as normal almost everywhere.Opium was completely legal in the UK at the time of the 1839–42 Opium War. A child could buy it in any grocery shop or market. This was common across Europe.The first controls on opium in UK were introduced in 1868 and these meant that opium products could only be sold in a pharmacists. Similar controls apply in the UK to say, paracetamol where a packet of more than 16 tablets can only be bought at a pharmacist.The idea of “illegal narcotics” only came into the UK after World War 1. [9]The myth of opium as a “class A drug” goes back to esteemed Commissioner Lin Zexu in his letter to Queen Victoria- which is often selectively [10] quoted in discussion of the “Opium War” of 1839–42China, Thailand and Vietnam were (as far as I know) the only countries that banned opium in the mid 19th century. It was commercially available everywhere else.Opium was not perceived as a major problem in Turkey or Persia, which grew and exported opium -satisfying most of the European market for the product.Opium was not a big problem in India, where (in 1840) most opium used in China was grown [10,11,12]. There was a Royal Commission on Opium led by Sir Thomas Brassey [13] which found that opium should not be banned in India (1893–96). The Royal Commission came about largely as a result of a strong anti-opium lobby led by Christian missionaries to China.So let us for brevity, turn the question on its head.Why did opium become a big problem in China and not elswhere?This question is asked as the visitor exits the Chinese Opium War museum “Why so much opium?”When a country has a drugs problem, the drugs issue is normally a symptom of a social malaise.Here we should look for sociological factors in Qing China.We don’t really know, but there are some pointers:Opium had been used in China for time immemorial but became widely used after about 1820 see Annex A. So we should look for things that changed. Chinese sources traditionally point to the cheap supply of Indian opium by foreign “country traders” but since this cheap opium was also available everywhere else, it cannot have been the necessary and sufficient condition (hence the original question). If we look at all the factors:Social Disruption causing a desire for the relief provided by opium smoking -see Annex B.A cultural acceptance of opium smoking- this was not widely practised in the UK or USA. In China, there was a change in the use of opium: by about 1800 smokers began to put small balls of pure opium into their pipes, inhaling a heated water and opium vapour Moderate use was often beneficial, and, the offer of an opium pipe was often, and remained, a sign of social hospitality in many sectors of Chinese society. Opium was also popular for recreational sex as it made the user relaxed and prevented premature ejaculation.Availability of cheap high quality opium- mainly from India. This quality opium was favoured by Manchu aristocrats [18]: lower down the social heap tended to use the local Chinese product. As more Patma and Malwa (Indian opium) became available this was diluted with Chinese opium in the cheaper versions.The inability of the Qing to control opium importation or distribution of opiumWe should note that the Qing were complicit in opium supply and distribution through an extensive system of bribes. Commissioner Lin Zexu was resolute in stamping out opium, but officials before and after had little impact or else promoted the trade. Lin Zexu confirmed this in his defence to the Daoguang Emperor when he was cashiered “We should have clamped down on opium 20 years ago, now the problem is too widespread to control”.(There is another myth that the UK forced China to legalise opium after the Opium War but this is plainly false as an inspection of the Treaty of Nanking shows [19 &20 ]).The ineffectiveness of Chinese opium suppression was noted by British observers and is confirmed by modern scholarship. [21 & 22]SummaryA. Opium was largely uncontrolled worldwide in the 19th century.B. There were opium problems in the UK in the 19th century (but there were lots of problems in 19th century - read Oliver Twist or David Copperfield!)C. Britain put controls on opium in the 1868 Pharmacy Act but these were far from making opium in UK like a modern class A drug.D. Britain did not have a social habit of smoking opium.E. China had a social system that accepted and enjoyed opium use.F. Disruption of Qing society made opium smoking more prevalentG. When when a cheap high quality source became available in the 19th opium use greatly increased. That source was India, via foreign country traders many of whom were British or Parsi.H. Qing corruption and incompetence prevented internal control of opium distribution (albeit it may not have been controllable if it was popular enough).I The Opium War is a sensible name for the conflict between UK and China in 1839–42, but it is unhelpfully simplistic to assume that it was mainly about the health impacts of opium from the Qing side or the supply of opium from India on the British side.J. Qing defeat in the Opium War prevented them cutting off the Indian source, albeit this was only about 40% of the total if we look at areas of India under East India Company control. Of course Hong Kong made a good base for opium import from many sources.K. Subsequent treaties with other nations made trade easier and this would include trade in contraband products such as opium. However there is evidence that there was little Chinese effort to effectively suppress contraband trade in the 1850s.M. The high negative health impact of opium on the Chinese population is often assumed or asserted but is questioned by credible modern scholarship.I hope that helpsAnnex A: Opium Use in China before the Opium WarOpium was probably introduced to China from Asia in ancient times but the first record of its medical use dates to the eighth century CE. By the 11th century, it was a popular recreational drug amongst the upper classes [14] and traces of opium have been found in exhumed royal remains [15].Though used for both medication and relaxation, the use of opium in China was not mainstream in the 1790s as it was not reported in the Mcartney Mission [16].Rather, opium use expanded after about 1800 and at a much faster rate after 1820.Annex B: The Decline of the QingThe Qing was an empire in decline. There were four linked changes occurring in the early 19th century.Major population increase- China’s population trebled from 150 million to 450 million between the Kangxi emperor (1760) and 1870. This resulted in smaller and smaller holdings of land a social discontent.This resulted in smaller and smaller holdings of land a social discontent. Between 1753 and 1812 alone, per capita acreage declines by 43% [23]Popular rebellions and civic unrest such as the White Lotus rising which was a result of :Sectarian issues in Hubei and [24]A tax racket by the devious official Heshen who practised systematic embezzlement [25]There was general unrest and a series of uprisings. Piracy and brigandage became rife. [26] In Pirates ruled the South China Sea (and did so until the Royal Navy sorted them out post-1850) [27]FootnotesBerridge V (1981) Opium and the People- Opiate Use and Control in Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century England Allen LaneDikotter F, Xun Z, Larman L (2004) Narcotic Culture: A History of Drugs in China HurstSee Pharmacy Bill debate sin Hansard Pharmacy Act 1868 (Hansard) (millbanksystems.com) and Pharmacy Act 1868 - WikipediaAt the time of the “Opium War”, the amount of opiates in the veins of the average UK person and average Chinese person were probably comparable, albeit the distribution of use, method of use and social context of use were widely different. Opium use in China continued to increase through the 19th Century whereas it was a steady problem in the UK. Smoking opium was rare in the UK, rather it was ingested.This is the main discussion of Dikotter et al. Dikotter is not alone in this view. Indian Professor Tirthankar Roy writes Opium trade fell from the 1880s, unable to stand an international campaign against opium smoking. Mainly Christian missionaries hoping to gather followers in China campaigned against opium, calling the habit immoral, a social problem, and unhealthy. This moralistic hyperbole had no relation to facts. There were plenty of opium dens in Bombay and Madras towns. Narcotics officers and doctors visited these places and made reports, and the reports found nothing alarming about them. A cross-section of society, mainly middle-income service workers spending long times out of home (such as cab drivers) went to these places to have a good time. There was no evidence of debilitating addiction among them or of serious health problems. Alcohol was a far more unhealthy addiction. The situation in China could not have been much worse. Roy T (2019) How British Rule Changed India’s Economy, the Paradox of the Raj Palgrave Macmillan p44.The reasons for the opium clampdown in the late 1830s are covered in James Polachek’s The Inner Opium War. These reasons include perceptions about silver supply (which were probably incorrect), social disruption, political infighting, notions of foreigners as well as addiction problems.The Opium War is a sensible name for the 1839–42 conflict because: a-the trigger event was the taking of traders hostage in order to confiscate the opium stockpiles at Lin Tin and b- wealthy opium dealers lobbied the UK parliament to carry out “gunboat diplomacy” to force wider trade on China. On the other hand reasons for the war are still debated - see the books by Glenn Melancon and Harry Gelber for recent examples. Note also that organisation opposed to the opium trade were in favour of the Opium War- the Anglican Church, for example.It is wise, I think, to be suspicious of arguments based on “someone who does not look like us is taking advantage of people who look like us”. Whenever I read an answer or article about the origins Opium War that does not mention the widespread legality of opium in the 19th century, I doubt its balance or scholarship.Berridge (1981)Chinese writes often cite the Confucian parts without the funny parts (such as China being so generous as to supply the UK with that essential product: rhubarb! Or the parts indicating UK is a vassal state and the inaccurate parts. There are several versions of this letter in circulation, some of which are forgeries.Opium was grown in China throughout the 19th century. Attempts were made by the Chinese to suppress opium growth in the 1820s and 1830s see Bello D A (2005) Opium and the Limits of Empire: Drug Prohibition in the Chinese Interior 1729–1850. published by Harvard. By the latter part of the 19th century, China was the biggest grower of opium. Most opium smoked in China was grown in China, see the report of the International Opium Commission- the sections written by H B Morse which show that by 1900 7/8 of the opium in China was locally grown. The Chinese Communist Party financed itself in the 1940s by selling opium “black soap”. See Chen Yung-fa (1995) The Blooming Poppy Under the Red Sun in New Perspectives on the Communist RevolutionOpium in the UK was mainly from Turkey. In 1836 China was its second biggest supplier, albeit the Chinese amount to UK was pint-sized compared to that from Turkey.At the time of the Opium War about 80–85% of the opium in China came from India, in approximately equal measure from East India Company areas (Patna) and independent Indian princely states (the latter product was called Malwa). See data below. Malwa was also sold by British and Parsi traders along with Patna. Not that one of the other answers to this question wrongly asserts that the East India company sold opium to China in the 19th century. It didn’t and its ships did not transport opium either. Both sales and transport was done by independent traders. Lord Palmerston pointed out to the Qing that if UK banned supplying opium to China and enforced it, that would only cut ~40% of the supply to China and the other sources would soon take up the slack- albeit anti-opium campaigners stated that if the full force of the Royal Navy was put against the trade as it was for slavery it would impact the supply to China significantly.Royal Commission on Opium - WikipediaZheng Yangwen (2005) The Social Life of Opium in China Cambridge p11History – Ming DynastyMacartney Embassy - WikipediaDikotter p 53In fact the British plenipotentiaries were forbidden by Lord Palmerston to force opium legalisation on the Qing. You will state that the admission of opium into China as an article of trade is not one of the demands you have been instructed to make….Palmerston went on to write It is evident that no exertions of the Chinese can put down the trade. It is equally clear that is wholly out of the power of the British Government to prevent opium from being carried to China, because even if none were grown in British territories, plenty of it would be produced in other countries. See Lord Palmerston’s Instructions to Sir Henry Pottinger respecting Opium, May, 1841, from S. Couling, Encyclopedia Sinica, London, 1917, p. 406 .The British did encourage opium legalisation at peace negotiations but were told the Emperor would have no truck with thisTreaty on Nanking Full Text and ImageSee the statement by Lord Elgin The British Envoy to China, Lord Elgin remarked in 1857 that “Whether the legalization of the trade [in opium] would tend to augment the trade is doubtful as it now seems to be carried out to the full extent of demand in China with the sanction and connivance of the local authorities“ quoted in Gelber H The Battle for Beijing Palgrave Macmillan p35Feige C & Miron J A (2008) The opium wars, opium legalization and opium consumption in China Applied EconomicsRowe W T (2011) China’s Last Empire -The Great Qing Harvard p150Ibid p 156Ibid p 154Murray D H (1987) Pirates of the South China Sea. Stanford University Press

Loosely speaking, "Harvard style" is sometimes used to indicate any parenthetical author-date citation system (as used here).* However, strictly speaking, "Harvard style referencing" specifically refers to the standards of the "name and date" section of BS ISO 690:2010 or ISO 690:2010, which is used commonly in the UK.In between the "loose" and "strict" interpretations, sometimes what is meant by "Harvard style" is some modified standard based on but not conforming to BS ISO or ISO 690:2010. Some of these, for instance, utilize a comma separating the author and date inside a parenthetical citation, which is not stipulated in the ISO 690:2010 document. You should check with your professor to verify exactly what he or she would like you to do. Otherwise, you should just go with what is printed in the ISO standard.ISO 690:2010 Section A.2, "Name and date system (Harvard system)," is excerpted below. Generally, for in-text parenthetical citations, you will simply indicate the author's last name followed by the year the work was created, with additional lower-case letters to distinguish multiple works written by the same author in the same year. For instance, you might use "(Smith 1980)" to cite a 1980 work written by C. Smith.The references in the bibliography are listed in alphabetic order. The details for the formatting of each entry are given in Annex B.A.2.1 Citation in textThe creator's name and the year of publication of the resource cited are given in the text in a name and date system. If the creator's name occurs naturally in the text, the year follows in parentheses, but if not, both name and year are in parentheses. In citations to particular parts of an information resource, the location of that part (e.g. page number) may be given after the year within the parentheses. If two or more information resources have the same creator and year, they are distinguished by lower-case letters (a, b, c, etc.), following the year within the parentheses.Example. The notion of an invisible college has been explored in the sciences (Crane 1972). Its absence among historians is noted by Stieg (1981b, p. 556). It may be, as Burchard (1965) points out, that they have no assistants, or are reluctant to delegate (Smith 1980; Chapman 1981).A.2.2 ReferencesThe references to the information resources cited in the text are arranged in a list in the alphabetical order of the creators' surnames, with the year of publication and lower-case letter, if any, immediately following the creator's name.Example 1. BURCHARD, J.E., 1965. How humanists use a library. In: C.F.J. OVERHAGE and J.R. HARMAN, eds. Intrex: Report on a planning conference and information transfer experiments. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 3 Sept. 1965, pp. 41-87.Example 2. CHAPMAN, J., 1981. Report to the British Library Research and Development Department [microfiche]. Birmingham: University School of History. S1/9/281.Example 3. CRANE, D., 1972. Invisible Colleges. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Example 4. SMITH, C., 1980. Problems of information studies in history. In: S. STONE, ed. Humanities information research, Sheffield: CRUS, pp. 27-30.Example 5. STIEG, M.F., 1981b. The information needs of historians. College and Research Libraries, 42(6), 549-560.As to when you should add a parenthetical citation in your own work, it's partly subjective and a bit complicated; it's always best to err on the side of caution (i.e., using too many citations) so as to avoid plagiarism. One general rule of thumb is that you should always cite a reference if the fact or idea is one that you or your reader would have to look up in that reference to verify (regardless of whether you personally already knew the fact or not). These may include both simple facts ("the population in China was 1.36 billion in 2013") or conclusions or opinions drawn from an outside source ("Lincoln was justified in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War").Depending on your audience, what counts as "common knowledge" that your reader is assumed to have varies. It's safe to assume, for example, that biologists would know that a ribosome has two subunits, but you might have to cite that fact in a paper directed toward a non-scientific audience. Use your judgment, but ask your instructor if you are ever unsure.Indeed, in a well prepared research paper, you will have at least one citation per paragraph, with the more dense sections having a citation each sentence.*Although the the term originated in reference to Harvard, it no longer has anything to do with Harvard itself, nor is Harvard style referencing used with any regularity at Harvard.

Checklist of Property documents is very crucial step of property purchase process. Property transaction in India is document intensive exercise because of complex legal, statutory and regulatory framework. Based on queries received from my clients, i can conclude that approx 80% buyers don’t get complete property documents at the time of purchase. These buyers struggle at the time of sale of property. Another problem linked to property documents is that buyer or a seller is not aware why specific property document is required, whether it is required in original or not etc. To help readers of my blog, i have created a comprehensive checklist of property documents. I will keep updating this property documents list as and when required. Also i would like to add that some states in India require additional property documents which vary from case to case basis.1. Sale Deed/Title deed /Mother deed/Conveyance DeedDescription of Property Document: A sale deed acts as the main legal property document for evidencing sale and transfer of ownership of property in favor of the buyer, from the seller. Further, it also acts as the main property document for further sale by the buyer as it establishes his proof of ownership on the property.Normally sale deed is executed after execution of sale agreement. Sale deed confirm that terms and conditions detailed in the sale agreement as agreed upon between the buyer and the seller are complied. It is mandatory to register the Sale Deed in Sub Registrar office in whose jurisdiction property is located. It is mandatory to register sale deed within 4 months from the date of execution else you need to pay penalty or it stands invalid.Why it is required: To establish the ownership of seller on title of propertyMandatory: Yes. All previous Sale Deeds are required in originalRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan2. RTC ExtractsDescription of Property Document: R.T.C is issued by the Village Accountant. It contains details of the extent of land in a survey number or a sub-survey number, the extent of kharab land therein, the names of the present and previous owners, their respective holdings and names of the tenants. It also include details like the kind of soil/crop, any mortgages, charges made on the properties contained therein, the status of land (whether Inam land or not), the conversion order number, date in case any property converted therein from agricultural to non-agricultural use, the references to mutation and inheritance certificates where there is any change in ownership etc.Why it is required: To establish the Title of Land, if the property is located on converted land e.g. converted from agricultural to non-agricultural useMandatory: NoRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase3. Katha Certificate and ExtractsDescription of Property Document: Khata means an account and Khata is an account of a person who has property in the city. There are two types of Khata: Khata Certificate and Khata Extract. In different states it is known by different names. It is basically an entry in record of local municipal committee and indirectly confirms that apartment is constructed as per approved plan.Khata certificate is required for two reasons: For registration of a new property and for transfer of any property. Khata can be obtained from the Assistant Revenue officer (of the respective area). This certificate is must have for any property owner.Khata Certificate is obtained for any new registration after paying the tax. Khata certificate is issued stating that a particular property No ‘N” is in the name of person X. This certificate is required to apply for water connection, electricity connection, trade license and building license. The Khata certificate is given only to the owner of the property or to his family members. No one else can take it on his behalf.Khata Extract is seeking details from the assessment register. The extract is required to get trade license, or to buy a particular property. It is an extract from the assessment register about any particular property. It has the details of the property in a particular format with the name, size of the property, use of the property (commercial purpose, residential), annual value, when assessed last. An extract is the only way to get these details of any property.Why it is required: For transfer of propertyMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan4. Mutation Register ExtractsDescription of Property Document: Mutation Extract issued by the Village Accountant or Tahsildar contains the extract from the mutation register or inheritance certificate with details of previous owner, the present owner, the mode of acquisition of the property, the total extent of the property and the order stating that the Khatha of the property may be transferred to the name of the present owner.Why it is required: To establish the Title of Land if the property is located on converted land e.g. converted from agricultural to non-agricultural useMandatory: NoRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase5. Joint Development AgreementDescription of Property Document: An individual landowner and a builder may enter into a JDA. The key feature of a JDA is that the landowner will contribute land and the builder will undertake development activity on it. Depending upon the land price, the joint development ratio is decided among the parties. In most of the cases, the builder will agree to allot X no of flats to the landowner and there is no exchange of money between landowner & builder. In consideration of this, the landowner will part with his share of land in favor of the builder or his nominee. He also allow the builder to construct apartment on his land and sell the agreed number of flats.Why it is required: To establish whether original title of property rests with the Builder or with LandownerMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase6. General Power of AttorneyDescription of Property Document: A “power of attorney” is a legal instrument whereby one person gives another person the authority to act on his or her behalf as his legal representative and to make lawful binding legal and financial decisions on his behalf including Sale or Purchase of Property on Buyer or Seller’s behalf.Why it is required: To establish whether the previous Sale or Purchase was carried out by authorized person on Seller or Buyers behalfMandatory: Yes (If any of previous Sale/Purchase were executed through GPA)Required in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan7. Building plan sanctioned by the Statutory AuthorityDescription of Property Document: The building plan approval process relates to the issue of permission for the construction of buildings based on specific set of rules and regulations.Why it is required: To establish whether the property is authorized or unauthorizedMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase8. NOC from Electricity Deptt/Pollution Control Board/Water Works/ Air Port AuthorityDescription of Property Document: Before starting the construction, builder requires NOC from all key Govt Departments. In some states NOC from at least 19 departments are required ranging from Pollution Control Board to Fire & Safety etc. For example If builder does not get NOC from Electricity Deptt then in all probability, buyer will not get electricity connection thus 100% dependency on generators. It will increase maintenance bill drastically.Why it is required: To ensure Govt approvals are in placeMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase9. Supplementary agreement / Ratification Deed (if any)Description of Property Document: Supplementary agreement captures any extension, change or modification in certain clauses of Principal Agreement. Many a times changes are required in principal agreement and only way to execute the same is through Supplementary agreement. Just check whether any supplementary agreement is executed against Principal agreement.Why it is required: To avoid any future shock on modified clauses which you might not be aware of & is not included in property documents.Mandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase10. Allotment Letter from the Builder/Co-Operative Society/Housing Board/BDA.Description of Property Document: While availing Bank Loan to buy a property, Builder/Housing Society issues an Allotment Letter to the buyer which contain details like description of the said property being sold/bought by the two parties. It also mentions the amount of money which buyer has paid to the builder/housing society so that remaining amount can be financed by the bank.On the basis of this Allotment Letter, banks finance the balance amount.As such the Allotment Letter also gives all the pertinent details of the Property being bought/sold and also detailed specifications of the Project.Agreement of Sale is documented on a Stamp Paper whereas Allotment Letter is issued on Letter Head of concerned authority.Allotment letter is only issued to 1st owner by builder and subsequent owners can demand copy of original allotment letter from previous ownerWhy it is required: For Description of Property & Project specification by Builder or Housing SocietyMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan11. Sale Agreement between Builder and 1st OwnerDescription of Property Document: It is very imp property document. The Sale Agreement must contain the liability of the Promoter/Builder to construct the building according to the plans and specifications approved by the local authority. It should also contain tentative possession date, price to be paid by the purchaser and the intervals at which the installments towards the full payment are to be made specifying the stage of construction. It also contain details like the precise nature of the body to be constituted of the persons who would take the flats i.e. association, details regarding the common areas and facilities. It specify the percentage of undivided interest in the common areas and facilities pertaining to the apartment agreed to be sold & a statement of the use for which the apartment is intended.Why it is required: As mentioned in DescriptionMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan12. Construction Agreement between Builder & 1st OwnerDescription of Property Document: The construction agreement is another imp property document. It is essentially a works contract. In other words, it’s an agreement in writing for the execution of the work relating to the construction of the apartment and it also involves the transfer or sale of the goods involved in the execution of the contract. The nature of this contract is such that a person undertakes to execute work by incorporating various items, things and goods in such work. When completed, these items along with the executed work are owned by the person for whom the work has been executed.Why it is required: As mentioned in DescriptionMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan13. Copy of possession letter from the builderDescription of Property Document: It ensures that possession of the said building is being delivered to the purchaser on the effective date specified in the letter.Why it is required: As mentioned in DescriptionMandatory: Yes (In case of 1st Purchase i.e. from Builder)Required in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan14. Payment receipts paid towards the builderDescription of Property Document: Don’t forget to collect original Payment receipts from builder. In case of resale, you can collect payment receipts issued by builder to 1st owner.Why it is required: As mentioned in DescriptionMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan (In case of 1st Purchase i.e. from Builder)15. If any loan on the property (Current or past) / Original Property Documents with BankDescription of Property Document:a. List of original property documents with sellers Home Loan provider.b. Closure letter with penalty (if any).c. If the loan is closed then copy of closure letter / NOC issued by the concerned bank.Why it is required: To ascertain that property is not mortgagedMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan16. Sale agreement with the SellerDescription of Property Document: Sale agreement is executed between the parties for dealing with the property. Sale Agreement creates a right to obtain a sale deed mentioning the property. Normally it fixes a time for completion, payment of earnest money or part payment of purchase consideration. Generally it’s a property document that precedes a sale deed and in such cases does not require registration. Sale Agreement will not confer any charge or right on the property. However in some states the sale agreement is registered and will act as a sale deed. For Home Loan purpose, it is mandatory to pay stamp duty equal to 0.10% of Sale Agreement value.Why it is required: To fix terms and conditions for saleMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan17. Latest Tax Paid Receipt till Date of Registration (Property Tax/Municipal Tax etc)Description of Property Document: It shows property details i.e. area, owners name & other imp details related to property. For income tax purposes in India, property is considered as a source of income and hence, tax is levied on that. Property usually mean real estate including any building, flat, shop etc. as well as the land appurtenant to the building. Under the Income Tax Act, incomes from the properties are regarded as one of the heads of income. The amount of tax is calculated on the value of the property being taxed. Local municipality authority that levies property tax for the maintenance of basic civic services in the city. Unlike UK where the occupier is liable to pay the property tax, it is the liability of the property owner to pay the property tax India to the concerned municipalities.Why it is required: As mentioned in descriptionMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan18. EC up to date for latest 13 years or from the date of registration till dateDescription of Property Document: One of the most crucial property document. You can get Encumbrance Certificate from the sub registrar’s office. This office is directly under control of the Inspector of Registration of Properties, operated by the state government. The certificate shows that in a given period of time from when the property was bought/sold has there been any transaction or mortgaging. Buyers/sellers ask for this certificate when a new transfer (sale) is taking place, so that the buyer knows detail of all property transactions till date.Depending on type of transaction, the certificate is issued in two different forms. Form 15, will have details of transactions during the period of registration in the name of the owner. A person will get a ‘nil encumbrance certificate when no transaction has taken place. this certificate would appear on Form 16.The encumbrance certificate confirm that the property is still in the name of the person who is selling it.Why it is required: To establish ownership of seller on the title of the propertyMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan19. Demand Letter from the vendor before disbursementDescription of Property Document: Demand letter is issued by builder to 1st owner, demanding payment due as per schedule agreed between builder & 1st owner.Why it is required: As mentioned in descriptionMandatory: Yes (For 1st Purchase)Required in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan20. Own contribution receipt along with the bank statementDescription of Property Document: It is required by the institution i.e. bank or HFC which is providing loan for the property to ascertain that buyer has pooled & paid his own contribution to the seller.Why it is required: For availing Home Loan it is mandatory for purchaser to contribute 20% of Purchase Value from his own sources and bank only approve loan upto 80 % of the purchase valueMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Home Loan21. NOC from the Society/Building association.Description of Property Document: An upto-date no objection certificate from the apartment’s owners association. It should clearly mention that Association does not have any objection on ownership transferWhy it is required: To avoid any future objection by apartment associationMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan22. No-due certificate from the building association.An upto-date no dues certificate from the apartments owners association is required.Further a certificate from the Association that no charge of any Bank or financial institution is recorded with them with respect to the apartment.Yet another certificate from the Apartment Owners Association that they are custodians of all the Original documents and approvals of the entire property is a MUST.Why it is required: To ensure owner has cleared all the dues & association is custodian of all original documentsMandatory: YesRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan23. Approved plan of construction/extension & license for construction.Description of Property Document: Before starting the construction, Builder obtain approval from local development authority for construction.Why it is required: To ensure building has approval in place for constructionMandatory: Yes (For 1st purchase from builder)Required in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan24. Detailed cost estimate/valuation report from Chartered Engineer/Architect (if applicable)Description of Property Document: Before approving loan, Bank carry out property valuation e.g. if you have applied for loan of 80% for property worth 60 Lacs & valuation report of bank estimate property value as 50 Lac then bank will only fund 80% of 50 Lac.Why it is required: To fix loan eligibility based on property valuationMandatory: No (Normally its bank’s internal document)Required in Original: NoRequired For: Home Loan25. Conversion order/Betterment Charges paid receipt.Description of Property Document: Generally the land pockets available are agricultural in nature, as the major occupation is agriculture and the Government has taken various measures to secure & preserve it. The general use of all such lands is agriculture and if it has to be used for any other purpose other then agriculture, the property owner must obtain legal permission from the competent authority by following defined procedures.Conversion is a legal process by which the property owner changes the use of the land from agriculture to non agriculture purpose. It is also called CHANGE OF LAND USE / DC Certificate. The legal sanction/ conversion/ order/grant/permission is necessary to use the land for any other purposeWhy it is required: For converted landsMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan26. Sanctioned Layout Approval planDescription of Property Document: The layout plan should be approved by the local development authority. In the absence of this you could face Khata transfer and plan sanction problems. The development authority has a right to demolish the apartment and restore the land to status quo ante if layout approval plan is not in place. The title of the site itself can be fairly safe (if property documents are clear) but the development/construction activity can be unauthorized.Why it is required: As mentioned in DescriptionMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan27. Auction Sale confirmation letter from Local Development AuthorityDescription of Property Document: If any site/land is purchased by builder or by independent house owner by ways of Auction by Local development authority then this letter is definitely requiredWhy it is required: As mentioned in DescriptionMandatory: Yes (As applicable)Required in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan28. Release deed (If applicable)Description of Property Document: Release Deed is executed to Release rights whereby a person renounces a claim upon other person or property. If you are purchasing a property, which might have been inherited by seller or was part of settlement between legal heirs of original owner then definitely you will come across release deed. It is very imp property document.Why it is required: As mentioned in DescriptionMandatory: Yes (As applicable)Required in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase29. Completion CertificateDescription of Property Document: This certificate is issued by Municipal Authorities showing whether the building complies with the rules related to permissible building height, distance from road etc. whether it is built according to approved plan and is ready for habitation.Why it is required: To ensure building is constructed as per approved planMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan (Mandatory for 1st Purchase)30. Occupancy CertificateDescription of Property Document: The occupancy certificate is issued after construction is completed. Once the builder applies for the certificate, an inspection is done again to confirm if the construction is completed as per sanctioned plan. This certificate is mandatory for any builder before he allows people to take possession of the property.Why it is required: To ensure flat is ready for occupancy and construction is completed as per sanctioned planMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase + Home Loan (Mandatory for 1st Purchase)31. Loan/Charge/Mortgage by the Builder:Description of Property Document: If the Builder or the Land Owner has created a charge in favour of any Bank or Financial Institution, a NO OBJECTION LETTER from the institution is required. NO OBJECTION letter should clearly mention the property details, the name of the borrower, the borrower’s account number, the apartment, floor, area, car park etc. and shall be addressed to the Purchaser. The original letter should be in the safe custody of the Purchaser. If in “No Objection letter” if it is mentioned that all the payments by the Purchaser shall be through the financial institution, the same should be complied.If the Builder states that they have not availed any loan or have not created any charge on the property, the same shall be stated in definite words in the agreement/s to be entered into with the Developer. There should be clause that “all original documents, deeds and approvals are held by the Developer in their safe custody and that the Developer shall continue to hold the same in their safe custody in trust for all the purchasers of apartments, and shall never part with the Originals and that as soon as the Association of Apartment Owners is formed. All the Original documents, Deeds and approvals will be handed over to the Association.” This shall be over and above a declaration in the agreement/s by the Land owner and the Developer that the property is free from all encumbrances.Why it is required: To ascertain property is not mortgaged by the BuilderMandatory: YesRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase32. DEED OF DECLARATIONDescription of Property Document: A copy of the Deed of Declaration of the Apartment Owners Association and the Bye Laws annexed to the same can obtained from association office. It should confirms to the sale deed/title deed. It is also advisable to check any additional burden/costs in the form of transfer fee payable by the Transferee.Why it is required: To establish transfer of ownership to original buyer by builderMandatory: NoRequired in Original: NoRequired For: Property Purchase33. Latest Electricity BillDescription of Property Document: Always insist on Latest Electricity Bill and Payment receipt from previous owner as Electricity bill is the another solid proof to establish the ownership of current owner.Why it is required: To establish ownershipMandatory: NoRequired in Original: YesRequired For: Property Purchase