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Here’s a list of resources from Wikipedia.Some people listed are likely still living. The problem is to see if any of these living people live in your area and be willing to be interviewed or are willing to be interviewed via the internet, face-time, or skype.You might consider checking out an American History professor who specializes in the Cold War through your local community college or universityGood Luck!(Listed chronologically)Thirteen Days, Robert F. Kennedy's (died in 1968) account of the crisis, released in 1969; It became the basis for numerous films and documentaries.[123]Topaz, 1969 film by Alfred Hitchcock based on the 1967 novel by Leon Uris, set during the run-up to the crisisThe Missiles of October, 1974 TV docudrama about the crisisThe World Next Door, 1990 novel by Brad Ferguson, set in this periodQuantum Leap, 1991 TV Show, (Season 3 Episode, Nuclear Family – October 26, 1962), Sam must deal with the panic associated with the Cuban Missile Crisis as a Florida fallout shelter salesman, as well as prevent a man from being killed during a practice raid a few days after his arrival.The short film Symposium on Intelligence and the Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 is available for free download at the Internet ArchiveMatinee, 1993 film starring John Goodman set during the Cuban Missile Crisis in which an independent-filmmaker decides to seize the opportunity to debut an atomic themed film.seaQuest 2032, 1995 TV Show, (Season 3 Episode, "Second Chance"), seaQuest inadvertently travels back to 1962 where their presence accidentally interferes with the Cuban Missile CrisisBlast from the Past (film), 1999 American romantic comedy film, set in the periodK-19: The Widowmaker, Docudrama about the history just before the crisisThirteen Days (film), 2000 docudrama directed by Roger Donaldson about the crisisThe Fog of War, 2003 American documentary film about the life and times of former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara directed by Errol Morris, which won that years' Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature."Meditations in an Emergency", the last episode of season 2 of the television series Mad Men takes place during the crisisUr, a 2009 short novel by Stephen King released for the Amazon Kindle, is about three men who discover through a magic Kindle that in another "Ur", the Cuban Missile Crisis escalated into a nuclear war and ended that "Ur".Call of Duty: Black Ops, 2010 video game, set during and after the Cuban Missile Crisis.The Kennedys (TV miniseries), 2011 production chronicling the lives of the Kennedy family, including a dramatization of the crisisX-Men: First Class, 2011 superhero film set during the Cuban Missile Crisis, which depicts the crisis as being escalated by a group of mutants with the goal of establishing a mutant ruling class after the subsequent war.The Politics of Deception: JFK'S Secret Decisions on Vietnam, Civil Rights and Cuba. Patrick J. Sloyan, St. Martins Press, New York, 2015.The music video for My Trigger, by Miike Snow, is based loosely on the crisis.Notes[edit]Jump up^ McNamara mistakenly dates the shooting down of USAF Major Rudolf Anderson's U-2 on October 26.Jump up^ In his biography, Castro did not compare his feelings for either leader at that moment but makes it clear that he was angry with Khrushchev for failing to consult with him. (Ramonet 1978)References[edit]Jump up^ 55 лет назад на Кубу были доставлены первые советские баллистические ракеты// Департамент информации и массовых коммуникаций Министерства обороны Российской ФедерацииJump up^ Len Scott; R. Gerald Hughes (2015). The Cuban Missile Crisis: A Critical Reappraisal. Taylor & Francis. p. 17.^ Jump up to:a b c Absher, Kenneth Michael (2009). "Mind-Sets and Missiles: A First Hand Account of the Cuban Missile Crisis". Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College.^ Jump up to:a b c d e f Franklin, Jane (1997). Cuba and the United States: A Chronological History. Melbourne: Ocean Press. ISBN 1-875284-92-3.Jump up^ Kempe, Frederick (2011). Berlin 1961. Penguin Group USA.Jump up^ Rodriguez (October 1989). Shadow Warrior: The CIA Hero of 100 Unknown Battles. John Weisman. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-66721-4.Jump up^ "Proclamation 3447 – Embargo on All Trade With Cuba" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. February 3, 1962.^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h Correll, John T. (August 2005). "Airpower and the Cuban Missile Crisis". http://AirForce-Magazine.com. 88 (8). Retrieved May 4, 2010.Jump up^ Alexeyev, Alexandr. "Interview" (PDF). Retrieved March 30, 2013.^ Jump up to:a b Allison, Graham and Philip Zelikow (1999). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Addison Wesley Longman. p. 92. ISBN 0-321-01349-2.Jump up^ Allison, Graham and Philip Zelikow (1999). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Addison Wesley Longman. pp. 94–95. ISBN 0-321-01349-2.Jump up^ Allison, Graham and Philip Zelikow (1999). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Addison Wesley Longman. p. 105. ISBN 0-321-01349-2.^ Jump up to:a b "The Soviet Cuban Missile Crisis: Castro, Mikoyan, Kennedy, Khruschev, and the Missiles of November". The national security archive. October 10, 2012.Jump up^ Weldes, Jutta (1999). Constructing National Interests: The United States and the Cuban Missile Crisis. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-3111-7.^ Jump up to:a b c d Hansen, James H. "Soviet Deception in the Cuban Missile Crisis" (PDF). Learning from the Past. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 15, 2010. Retrieved May 2, 2010.Jump up^ "Cool Crisis Management? It's a Myth, Ask JFK". The Washington Post.Jump up^ "Joint resolution expressing the determination of the United States with respect to the situation in Cuba – P.L. 87-733" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. October 3, 1962.^ Jump up to:a b c d Blight, James G.; Bruce J. Allyn; David A. Welch (2002). Cuba on the Brink: Castro, the Missile Crisis, and the Soviet Collapse; [revised for the Fortieth Anniversary] (2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-2269-5.Jump up^ "The Days the World Held Its Breath". July 31, 1997. Retrieved March 4, 2010.Jump up^ Allison, Graham and Philip Zelikow (1999). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Addison Wesley Longman. p. 80. ISBN 0-321-01349-2.Jump up^ Stern, Sheldon M. (2003). Averting 'the Final Failure': John F. Kennedy and the Secret Cuban Missile Crisis Meetings. Stanford University Press. p. 26.Jump up^ Zak, Anatoly (2012). "Rockets: R-12". Morristown, New Jersey: RussianSpaceWeb.com. Archivedfrom the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved 2012-10-21.Jump up^ "R-12 / SS-4 SANDAL". Global Security. Retrieved April 30, 2010.Jump up^ "R-14 / SS-5 SKEAN". Global Security. Retrieved April 30, 2010.Jump up^ "Interview with Sidney Graybeal – 29 January 1998". Episode 21. George Washington University, National Security Archive. March 14, 1999.Jump up^ Pedlow, Gregory, The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance. CIA. 1962.Jump up^ "Project RAZOR". Taiwan Air Blog, updated April 11, 2007. Retrieved: September 14, 2009.Jump up^ "Project RAZOR". Taiwan Air Blog, updated April 15, 2007. Retrieved: September 14, 2009.Jump up^ Max Holland. "The 'Photo Gap' That Delayed Discovery of Missiles." Studies in Intelligence, Vol. 49, No. 4; published online April 15, 2007. Retrieved: March 22, 2015.Jump up^ Joseph Caddell. "Corona over Cuba: The Missile Crisis and the Early Limitations of Satellite Imagery Intelligence." Intelligence & National Security; published online February 17, 2015. Retrieved: March 22, 2015.Jump up^ Remarks by LTG Ronald L. Burgess Jr., Director, Defense Intelligence Agency. Association of Former Intelligence Officers, August 12, 2011Jump up^ "Cuban Missile Crisis". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved May 6, 2010.Jump up^ Vladislav Zubok & Constantine Pleshkov, Inside the Kremlin's Cold War, 1996, page 264, Harvard Press, Massachusetts ISBN 0-674-45532-0Jump up^ "Revelations from the Russian Archives". Library of Congress. Retrieved April 20, 2010.Jump up^ "Off the Record Meeting on Cuba: The White House". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. October 16, 1962. Retrieved August 26, 2011.Jump up^ "National Security Action Memorandum 196". JFK Presidential Library and Museum. October 22, 1962. Retrieved August 26, 2011.Jump up^ Averting The Final Failure, John F. Kennedy and the Secret Cuban Missile Crisis Meetings, Sheldon M. Stern, Stanford University Press, 2003.Jump up^ The Cuban Missile Crisis in American Memory: Myths versus Reality (Stanford Nuclear Age Series), Sheldon M. Stern, Stanford University Press, 2012Jump up^ Allison, Graham T.; Zelikow, Philip D. (1999) [1971]. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis (2nd ed.). New York: Addison Wesley Longman. pp. 111–116. ISBN 978-0-321-01349-1.Jump up^ Kennedy, Robert (1971). Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis. W.W. Norton & Company. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-393-09896-9.^ Jump up to:a b Axelrod, Alan (2009). The Real History of the Cold War: A New Look at the Past. New York: Sterling Publishing Co. pp. 332, 335. ISBN 978-1-4027-6302-1. Retrieved April 22, 2010.Jump up^ Ornstein, Robert Evan (1989). New world new mind: moving toward conscious evolution. The University of Michigan, Doubleday.Jump up^ Blight, James G.; David A. Welch (1989). On the Brink: Americans and Soviets Reexamine the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 978-0-374-22634-3.Jump up^ Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "John F. Kennedy: "378 – The President's News Conference," September 13, 1962". The American Presidency Project. University of California – Santa Barbara.Jump up^ Kennedy, J. (December 17, 1962). "After Two Years: A conversation with the president". In 'Public Papers of the Presidents: John F. Kennedy, 1962'. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office: 889–904.Jump up^ "Cuban Missile Crisis". Online Highways LLC. Retrieved May 5, 2010.^ Jump up to:a b "JFK on the Cuban Missile Crisis". The History Place. Retrieved May 3, 2010.^ Jump up to:a b "Cuban Missile Crisis". Global Security. Retrieved May 6, 2010.^ Jump up to:a b c Kamps, Charles Tustin, "The Cuban Missile Crisis", Air & Space Power Journal, AU Press, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, Fall 2007, Volume XXI, Number 3, page 88.Jump up^ "Third VP-18". Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons (PDF). 2. Naval Aviation History Office. November 9, 2000. p. 2. Retrieved January 16, 2011.Jump up^ "The Naval Quarantine of Cuba, 1962". Report on the Naval Quarantine of Cuba, Operational Archives Branch, Post 46 Command File, Box 10, Washington, DC. Naval History & Heritage Command. Retrieved January 25, 2011.Jump up^ Allison, Graham and Philip Zelikow (1999). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Addison Wesley Longman. p. 119. ISBN 0-321-01349-2.^ Jump up to:a b Ernest R May (2011). "John F Kennedy and the Cuban Missile Crisis". Retrieved February 7,2012. BBC History of the Cold War.^ Jump up to:a b The Naval Quarantine of Cuba, 1962: Abeyance and Negotiation, 31 October − 13 November(Report). Department of the Navy, Naval Historical Center. January 2001. Retrieved August 26, 2011.Jump up^ Gibson, David R. (2012) Talk at the Brink: Deliberation and Decision during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. pp. 99–101.Jump up^ "Proclamation 3504 – Interdiction of the Delivery of Offensive Weapons to Cuba" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. October 23, 1962.^ Jump up to:a b Buffet, Cyril; Touze, Vincent. "Brinkmanship". The Cuban Missile Crisis exhibition. The Caen Mémorial. Retrieved May 3, 2010.^ Jump up to:a b "1962 Year In Review: Cuban Missile Crisis". United Press International, Inc. 1962. Retrieved April 22, 2010.Jump up^ "Letter From Chairman Khrushchev to President Kennedy". Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963 Volume VI, Kennedy-Khrushchev Exchanges Document 63. United States Department of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of the Historian. October 24, 1962.^ Jump up to:a b "Khruschev Letter to President Kennedy". October 24, 1962.^ Jump up to:a b c d "Chronology 1: October 26, 1962 to November 15, 1962" (PDF). The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962. The National Security Archive. Retrieved April 8, 2011.Jump up^ Buffet, Cyril; Touze, Vincent. "Germany, between Cuba and Berlin". The Cuban Missile Crisis exhibition. The Caen Mémorial. Retrieved May 3, 2010.Jump up^ "Pope John Helped settle the Cuban missile crisis". The Telegraph. June 4, 1971.Jump up^ "Outright Piracy".Jump up^ Stephanie Ritter (19 October 2012). "SAC during the 13 Days of the Cuban Missile Crisis". Air Force Global Strike Command.^ Jump up to:a b Goldman, Jerry, ed. (October 8, 1997). "The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 18–29, 1962". History and Politics Out Loud. Northwestern University. Retrieved May 11, 2011.Jump up^ Sowa, Tom (September 21, 2014). "Buried treasures". The Spokesman Review. Spokane, WA. Retrieved January 26, 2017.Jump up^ Boyland, Vista; Klyne D. Nowlin (January 2012). "WW III, A Close Call" (PDF). The Intercom. 35 (1): 19–20.^ Jump up to:a b Kohn, R. H.; Harahan, J. P. (1988). "U.S. Strategic Air Power, 1948–1962: Excerpts from an Interview with Generals Curtis E. LeMay, Leon W. Johnson, David A. Burchinal, and Jack J. Catton". International Security. 12 (4): 78–95. JSTOR 2538995. doi:10.2307/2538995.Jump up^ Reynolds, K.C. "Boarding MARUCLA: A personal account from the Executive Officer of USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.". Retrieved June 22, 2010.Jump up^ Helms, Richard (January 19, 1962). "Memorandum for the Director of Central Intelligence: Meeting with the Attorney General of the United States Concerning Cuba" (PDF). George Washington University, National Security Archive.Jump up^ Проблемы борьбы с лженаукой (обсуждение в Президиуме РАН), quote:"Документы заседания Президиума ЦК КПСС весьма лаконичны, но благодаря тому, что в архиве я нашел выписку из решения Президиума ЦК КПСС, слово в слово совпадающую с тем, что обсуждалось на встрече разведчика с журналистом, стало совершенно очевидно, кто был истинным автором плана урегулирования Карибского кризиса."Jump up^ "Chronology 1: September 28, 1962 to October 26, 1962" (PDF). The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962. The National Security Archive. Retrieved April 9, 2011.Jump up^ "Department of State Telegram Transmitting Letter From Chairman Khrushchev to President Kennedy". The Cuban Missile Crisis, October 1962. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. 26 October 1962. Retrieved 9 April 2011.Jump up^ Brandon, Henry (October 28, 1962). "Attack us at your Peril, Cocky Cuba Warns US". The Sunday Times. London.Jump up^ Goldberg, Jeffrey (September 8, 2010). "Cuban model no longer works, says Fidel Castro". BBC.Jump up^ Baggins, Brian. "Cuban History Missile Crisis". Marxist History: Cuba (1959 – present). Marxists Internet Archive. Retrieved May 7, 2010.Jump up^ Christopher, Andrew (March 1, 1996). For the President's Eyes Only: Secret Intelligence and the American Presidency from Washington to Bush. Harper Perennial. p. 688. ISBN 978-0-06-092178-1.Jump up^ "The Week The World Stood Still: Inside The Secret Cuban Missile Crisis" By Sheldon M. Stern, 2012Jump up^ Dorn, A. Walter; Pauk, Robert (April 2009). "Unsung Mediator: U Thant and the Cuban Missile Crisis". Diplomatic History. 33 (2): 261–292. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7709.2008.00762.x.Jump up^ Pocock, Chris. 50 Years of the U-2: The Complete Illustrated History of the 'Dragon Lady'. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. p. 406. ISBN 978-0-7643-2346-1. LCCN 2005927577.Jump up^ "Was Castro Out of Control In 1962?".Jump up^ Fontova, Humberto. "Raul Castro meets with Bill Clinton in New York (To Thank Him?)".Jump up^ "An Act of Terrorism by Castro, An Abortion of Justice by Obama".Jump up^ "U-2 Pilot Maj. Rudy Anderson: The Only American Killed During the Cuban Missile Crisis – Defense Media Network".Jump up^ Robert McNamara (2004) [1964]. Interview included as special feature on Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb (DVD). Columbia Tristar Home Entertainment.Jump up^ Frey, Jennifer (January 14, 2007). "At Yenching Palace, Five Decades of History to Go". Washington Post. Retrieved December 27, 2008.Jump up^ Gibson, David R. (2012) Talk at the Brink: Deliberation and Decision during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 135–56.Jump up^ "Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963, Volume VI, Kennedy-Khrushchev Exchanges – Office of the Historian". Office of the Historian.Jump up^ Evans, Michael. "The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: Audio Clips".Jump up^ "The Submarines of October". George Washington University, National Security Archive. Retrieved May 1, 2010.Jump up^ "The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: Press Release, 11 October 2002, 5:00 pm". George Washington University, National Security Archive. October 11, 2002. Retrieved October 26, 2008.Jump up^ Dobbs, Michael (June 2008). "Why We Should Still Study the Cuban Missile Crisis" (PDF). Special Report 205. United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved August 26, 2011.Jump up^ Schoenherr, Steven (April 10, 2006). "The Thirteen Days, October 16–28, 1962". Archived from the original on May 15, 2008. Retrieved May 3, 2010.Jump up^ Blight, James G. and Janet M. Lang (2012). "The Armageddon Letters: Kennedy, Khrushchev, Castro in the Cuban Missile Crisis". Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-1679-2.Jump up^ Taubman, William (2004). Khrushchev: The Man and His Era. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. p. 573. ISBN 978-1-4422-1679-2.Jump up^ Jim Hershberg (Spring 1995). "Anatomy of a Controversy:Anatoly F. Dobrynin's Meeting With Robert F. Kennedy, Saturday, 27 October 1962". Retrieved May 29, 2012.Jump up^ Johnson, Dominic D. P. Failing to Win p. 105^ Jump up to:a b Faria, Miguel A. (2002). Cuba in Revolution: Escape from a Lost Paradise. Macon, GA: Hacienda Pub. ISBN 978-0-9641077-3-1.Jump up^ Schlesinger, Arthur Jr. "Memorandum for the President: Post Mortem on Cuba, Oct. 29, 1962 – full textJump up^ "Radio and television remarks on dismantling of Soviet missile bases in Cuba, 2 November 1962". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum.Jump up^ Glover, Jonathan (2000). Humanity: a moral history of the twentieth century. Yale University Press. p. 464. ISBN 978-0-300-08700-0. Retrieved July 2, 2009.Jump up^ Schlesinger, Arthur (2002). Robert Kennedy and his times. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 1088. ISBN 978-0-618-21928-5. Retrieved July 2, 2009.Jump up^ Garthoff, Raymond L. (July 1988). "Did Khrushchev Bluff in Cuba? No". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. pp. 40–43. Retrieved January 25, 2011.Jump up^ William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era (2004) p. 579.^ Jump up to:a b c Ignacio, Ramonet (2007). Fidel Castro: My Life. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-102626-8.Jump up^ "Militaryhistory.about.com".Jump up^ Lloyd, Alwyn T., "Boeing's B-47 Stratojet", Specialty Press, North Branch, Minnesota, 2005, ISBN 978-1-58007-071-3, page 178.Jump up^ "Aviation Safety".Jump up^ Melman, Seymour (1988). The Demilitarized Society: Disarmament and Conversion. Montreal: Harvest House.Jump up^ Hersh, Seymour (1978). The Dark Side of Camelot.^ Jump up to:a b "Arms Control Today". Arms Control Association. November 1, 2002.Jump up^ Evans, Michael. "The Submarines of October". 30+ Years of Freedom of Information Action. Retrieved 2016-10-24.Jump up^ Dobbs, Michael (2008). One Minute to Midnight: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and Castro on the Brink of Nuclear War. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-1-4000-4358-3.Jump up^ Allison, Graham (2012). "The Cuban Missile Crisis at 50". Foreign Affairs. 91 (4). Retrieved 9 July2012.Jump up^ "ВЗГЛЯД / «США и Россия: кризис 1962-го»".^ Jump up to:a b c Matthews, Joe. "Cuban missile crisis: The other, secret one". BBC News Magazine. Retrieved 13 October 2012.Jump up^ Priscilla Roberts (2012). Cuban Missile Crisis: The Essential Reference Guide. ABC-CLIO. p. 267.Jump up^ Jim Willis (2010). 100 Media Moments that Changed America. ABC-CLIO. pp. 97–99.Jump up^ Sheldon Stern (2012). The Cuban Missile Crisis in American Memory: Myths versus Reality. Stanford University Press. p. viii.Jump up^ William H. Cohn, "History for the masses: Television portrays the past." Journal of Popular Culture 10#2 (1976) pp: 280–289.Jump up^ Andrei Kozovoi, "Dissonant Voices" Journal of Cold War Studies (2014) 16#3 pp 29–61.Jump up^ Haruya Anami, "'Thirteen Days' Thirty Years After: Robert Kennedy and the Cuban Missile Crisis Revisited," Journal of American & Canadian Studies (1994) Issue 12, pp 69–88.Further reading[edit]Allison, Graham; Zelikow, Philip (1999). Essence of Decision, Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Addison Wesley Longman. ISBN 0-321-01349-2.Barrett, David M. and Max Holland (2012). Blind Over Cuba: The Photo Gap and the Missile Crisis. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press, 2012.Chayes, Abram (1974). The Cuban Missile Crisis. International crises and the role of law. London: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-825320-4.Diez Acosta, Tomás (2002). October 1962: The "Missile" Crisis As Seen from Cuba. New York: Pathfinder. ISBN 978-0-87348-956-0.Divine, Robert A. (1988). The Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: M. Wiener Pub. ISBN 978-0-910129-15-2.Dobbs, Michael (2008). One Minute to Midnight: Kennedy, Khrushchev and Castro on the Brink of Nuclear War. New York: Knopf. ISBN 978-1-4000-7891-2.Feklisov, Aleksandr; Kostin, Sergueï (2001). The Man Behind the Rosenbergs: By the KGB Spymaster Who Was the Case Officer of Julius Rosenberg, Klaus Fuchs, and Helped Resolve the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Enigma Books. ISBN 978-1-929631-08-7.Frankel, Max (2004). High Noon in the Cold War: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-46505-4.Fursenko, Aleksandr; Naftali, Timothy J. (1998). One Hell of a Gamble: Khrushchev, Castro, and Kennedy, 1958–1964. New York: Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-31790-9.Fursenko, Aleksandr (Summer 2006). "Night Session of the Presidium of the Central Committee, 22–23 October 1962". Naval War College Review. 59 (3).George, Alice L. (2003). Awaiting Armageddon: How Americans Faced the Cuban Missile Crisis. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-2828-1.Gibson, David R. (2012). Talk at the Brink: Deliberation and Decision during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-15131-1.Gonzalez, Servando (2002). The Nuclear Deception: Nikita Khrushchev and the Cuban Missile Crisis. Oakland, CA: Spooks Books. ISBN 978-0-9711391-5-2.Jones, Milo; Silberzahn, Philppe (2013). Constructing Cassandra, Reframing Intelligence Failure at the CIA, 1947–2001. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0804793360.Khrushchev, Sergei (October 2002). "How My Father And President Kennedy Saved The World". American Heritage. 53 (5).Polmar, Norman; Gresham, John D. (2006). DEFCON-2: Standing on the Brink of Nuclear War During the Cuban Missile Crisis. Foreword by Tom Clancy. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-67022-3.Pope, Ronald R. (1982). Soviet Views on the Cuban Missile Crisis: Myth and Reality in Foreign Policy Analysis. Washington, DC: Univ. Press of America. ISBN 978-0-8191-2584-2.Pressman, Jeremy (2001). "September Statements, October Missiles, November Elections: Domestic Politics, Foreign-Policy Making, and the Cuban Missile Crisis". Security Studies. 10 (3): 80–114. doi:10.1080/09636410108429438.Russell, Bertrand (1963). Unarmed Victory. London: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 0-04-327024-7.Stern, Sheldon M. (2003). Averting 'the Final Failure': John F. Kennedy and the Secret Cuban Missile Crisis Meetings. Stanford nuclear age series. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4846-9.Stern, Sheldon M. (2005). The Week the World Stood Still: Inside the Secret Cuban Missile Crisis. Stanford nuclear age series. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-5077-6.Stern, Sheldon M. (2012). The Cuban Missile Crisis in American Memory: Myths versus Reality. Stanford nuclear age series. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.Trahair, Richard C. S.; Miller, Robert L. (2009). Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret Operations. New York: Enigma Books. ISBN 978-1-929631-75-9.Matthews, Joe (October 2012). "Cuban missile crisis: The other, secret one". BBC.Historiography[edit]Allison, Graham T. (September 1969). "Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis". American Political Science Review. 63 (3): 689–718. JSTOR 1954423.Dorn, A. Walter; Pauk, Robert (April 2009). "Unsung Mediator: U Thant and the Cuban Missile Crisis". Diplomatic History. 33 (2): 261–292. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7709.2008.00762.x.Garthoff, Raymond L. (Spring 2004). "Foreign Intelligence and the Historiography of the Cold War". Journal of Cold War Studies. Project MUSE. 6 (2): 21–56. ISSN 1520-3972. doi:10.1162/152039704773254759.Gibson, David R. (2011). "Avoiding Catastrophe: The Interactional Production of Possibility during the Cuban Missile Crisis". The American Journal of Sociology. 117 (2): 361–419. JSTOR 10.1086/661761.Jones, John A.; Jones, Virginia H. (Spring 2005). "Through the Eye of the Needle: Five Perspectives on the Cuban Missile Crisis". Rhetoric & Public Affairs. Project MUSE. 8 (1): 133–144. doi:10.1353/rap.2005.0044.Jones, Milo; Silberzahn, Philppe (2013). Constructing Cassandra, Reframing Intelligence Failure at the CIA, 1947–2001. Stanford University Press. pp. 135–191. ISBN 978-0804793360.Lebow, Richard Ned (October 1990). "Domestic Politics and the Cuban Missile Crisis: The Traditional and Revisionist Interpretations Reevaluated". Diplomatic History. 14 (4): 471–492. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7709.1990.tb00103.x.Primary sources[edit]Chang, Laurence; Kornbluh, Peter, eds. (1998). "Introduction". The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: A National Security Archive Documents Reader (2nd ed.). New York: New Press. ISBN 978-1-56584-474-2."Cuban Missile Crisis". JFK in History. John F. Kennedy Library."Cuban Missile Crisis 1962". Presidential Recordings Program. Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia."Cuban Missile Crisis". Wilson Center Digital Archive. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.Keefer, Edward C.; Sampson, Charles S.; Smith, Louis J., eds. (1996). Cuban Missile Crisis and Aftermath. Foreign relations of the United States, 1961–1963. XI. Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Printing Office. ISBN 0-16-045210-4.Kennedy, Robert F. (1969). Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-31834-0.May, Ernest R.; Zelikow, Philip D., eds. (2002) [1997]. The Kennedy Tapes: Inside the White House During the Cuban Missile Crisis (2nd ed.). New York: Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-32259-0.McAuliffe, Mary S., ed. (October 1992). "CIA Documents on the Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962" (PDF). Historical Review Program. Washington, DC: Central Intelligence Agency."The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: The 40th Anniversary". National Security Archive: Special Exhibits. Gelman Library: The George Washington University."The World On the Brink: John F. Kennedy and the Cuban Missile Crisis". Interactive Exhibits. John F. Kennedy Library.Gavrov, Sergei (ed.). "America and Russia: The Crisis of 1962. On the 50th anniversary of the missile crisis". Moscow: Vzglyad (Russia).Dallek, Robert. "If We Listen to Them, None of Us Will Be Alive." In Camelot's Court, 279–334. New York: HarperCollins, 2013.Lesson plans[edit]"Cuban Missile Crisis". Slideshows for Educators. Bureau of Public Affairs, U.S. Department of State.Moser, John; Hahn, Lori (July 15, 2010). "The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: 'The Missiles of October'". EDSITEment: Lesson Plans. National Endowment for the Humanities.External links[edit]Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cuban Missile Crisis."Cuban Missile Crisis", 2012, Harvard Kennedy School, Belfer Center's 50th anniversary of the crisis – commemorative websiteCuban Missile Crisis: Операция Анадырь (Operation Anadyr) on FlickrCuban Missile Crisis and the Fallout from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives"Cuban Missile Crisis". Topics. History Channel. 2011."Cuban Missile Crisis". Nuclear Weapons History: Cold War. Nuclear Age Peace Foundation."Cuban Missile Crisis Bibliography". Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues.Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962October 1962: DEFCON 4, DEFCON 3Spartacus Educational(UK): Cuban Missile CrisisDocument – Britain's Cuban Missile CrisisNo Time to Talk: The Cuban Missile CrisisThe 32nd Guards Air Fighter Regiment in Cuba (1962–1963) S.Isaev.The short film Symposium on Intelligence and the Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 (1992) is available for free download at the Internet ArchiveThe Woodrow Wilson Center's Digital Archive has a collection of primary source archival documents on the Cuban Missile Crisis.EDSITEment lesson plan Cuban Missile CrisisEDSITEment Cuban Missile Crisis InteractiveCuban Missile Crisis: Three Men Go To War Documentary produced by PBSThe Armageddon Letters, a transmedia storytelling of the crisis with animated short films and other digital contentThe Man Who Saved the World Documentary produced by PBS Series Secrets of the Dead

You had to ask (also see Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District Court of Nevada, 542 U.S. 177 (2004)STATES STATUTE TEXT NOTESAlabamaAla. Code § 15-5-30A sheriff or other officer acting as sheriff, his deputy or any constable, acting within their respective counties, any marshal, deputy marshal or policeman of any incorporated city or town within the limits of the county or any highway patrolman or state trooper may stop any person abroad in a public place whom he reasonably suspects is committing, has committed or is about to commit a felony or other public offense and may demand of him his name, address and an explanation of his actions.Appears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesAlaskaHowever, Alaska Statutes 12.50.201 allows officers to detain people who were near the scene of certain felonies and may have material information, and if they fail to identify themselves, to serve subpoenas to appear before a grand jury unless they provide ID prior to the return date, and failure to appear before the grand jury can be punished as criminal contempt.ArizonaAriz. Code § 13-241213-2412. Refusing to provide truthful name when lawfully detained; classificationA. It is unlawful for a person, after being advised that the person's refusal to answer is unlawful, to fail or refuse to state the person's true full name on request of a peace officer who has lawfully detained the person based on reasonable suspicion that the person has committed, is committing or is about to commit a crime. A person detained under this section shall state the person's true full name, but shall not be compelled to answer any other inquiry of a peace officer.B. A person who violates this section is guilty of a class 2 misdemeanor.Appears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesArkansasArk. Code § 5-71-213(a) A person commits the offense of loitering if he or she:(1) Lingers, remains, or prowls in a public place or the premises of another without apparent reason and under circumstances that warrant alarm or concern for the safety of persons or property in the vicinity and, upon inquiry by a law enforcement officer, refuses to identify himself or herself and give a reasonably credible account of his or her presence and purpose;Appears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesCaliforniaCertain police unions have claimed that Hiibel combined with the general obstruction statute creates a duty to identify. There is no support for this in California statutes or case law.ColoradoColo. Rev. Stat. § 16- 3-10316-3-103. Stopping of suspect(1) A peace officer may stop any person who he reasonably suspects is committing, has committed, or is about to commit a crime and may require him to give his name and address, identification if available, and an explanation of his actions. A peace officer shall not require any person who is stopped pursuant to this section to produce or divulge such person's social security number. The stopping shall not constitute an arrest.(2) When a peace officer has stopped a person for questioning pursuant to this section and reasonably suspects that his personal safety requires it, he may conduct a pat-down search of that person for weapons.Appears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesConnecticutDelaware19 Del. C. § 1902(a) A peace officer may stop any person abroad, or in a public place, who the officer has reasonable ground to suspect is committing, has committed or is about to commit a crime, and may demand the person's name, address, business abroad and destination.(b) Any person so questioned who fails to give identification or explain the person's actions to the satisfaction of the officer may be detained and further questioned and investigated.(c) The total period of detention provided for by this section shall not exceed 2 hours. The detention is not an arrest and shall not be recorded as an arrest in any official record. At the end of the detention the person so detained shall be released or be arrested and charged with a crime.Appears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesDCNo statute. https://go.mpdconline.com/GO/CIR -04-10.pdfFloridaFla. Stat. § 901.151(2) Whenever any law enforcement officer of this state encounters any person under circumstances which reasonably indicate that such person has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a violation of the criminal laws of this state or the criminal ordinances of any municipality or county, the officer may temporarily detain such person for the purpose of ascertaining the identity of the person temporarily detained and the circumstances surrounding the person’s presence abroad which led the officer to believe that the person had committed, wasAppears on lists of “Stop and Identify” Statescommitting, or was about to commit a criminal offense.GeorgiaGA. CODE ANN. § 16-11-36(a) A person commits the offense of loitering or prowling when he is in a place at a time or in a manner not usual for law-abiding individuals under circumstances that warrant a justifiable and reasonable alarm or immediate concern for the safety of persons or property in the vicinity.(b) Among the circumstances which may be considered in determining whether alarm is warranted is the fact that the person takes flight upon the appearance of a law enforcement officer, refuses to identify himself, or manifestly endeavors to conceal himself or any object. Unless flight by the person or other circumstances make it impracticable, a law enforcement officer shall, prior to any arrest for an offense under this Code section, afford the person an opportunity to dispel any alarm or immediate concern which would otherwise be warranted by requesting the person to identify himself and explain his presence and conduct. No person shall be convicted of an offense under this Code section if the law enforcement officer failed to comply with the foregoing procedure or if it appears at trial that the explanation given by the person was true and would have dispelled the alarm or immediate concern.(c) A person committing the offense of loitering or prowling shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.(d) This Code section shall not be deemed or construed to affect or limit the powers of counties or municipal corporations to adopt ordinances or resolutions prohibiting loitering or prowling within their respective limitsAppears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesHawaii IdahoIllinois725 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/107–14Sec. 107-14. Temporary questioning without arrest.(a) A peace officer, after having identified himself as a peace officer, may stop any person in a public place for a reasonable period of time when the officer reasonably infers from the circumstances that the person is committing, is about to commit or has committed an offense as defined in Section 102-15 of this Code, and may demand the name and address of the person and an explanation of his actions. Such detention and temporary questioning will be conducted in the vicinity of where the person was stopped.(b) Upon completion of any stop under subsection (a) involving a frisk or search, and unless impractical, impossible, or under exigent circumstances, the officer shall provide the person with a stop receipt which provides the reason for the stop and contains the officer's name and badge number. This subsection (b) does not apply to searches or inspections for compliance with the Fish and Aquatic Life Code, the Wildlife Code, the Herptiles-Herps Act, or searches or inspections for routine security screenings at facilities or events. For the purposes of this subsection (b), “badge” means an officer's department issued identification number associated with his or her position as a police officer with that department.Appears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesIndianaInd. Code § 34-28-5- 3.5Sec. 3.5. A person who knowingly or intentionally refuses to provide either the person's:(1) name, address, and date of birth; or(2) driver's license, if in the person's possession;to a law enforcement officer who has stopped the person for an infraction or ordinance violation commits a Class C misdemeanor.Appears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesIowaKansasKAN. STAT. ANN. § 22-240222-2402. Stopping of suspect. (1) Without making an arrest, a law enforcement officer may stop any person in a public place whom such officer reasonably suspects is committing, has committed or is about to commit a crime and may demand of the name, address of such suspect and an explanation of such suspect's actions.(2) When a law enforcement officer has stopped a person for questioning pursuant to this section and reasonably suspects that such officer's personal safety requires it, such officer may frisk such person for firearms or other dangerous weapons. If the law enforcement officer finds a firearm or weapon, or other thing, the possession of which may be a crime or evidence of crime, such officer may take and keep it until the completion of the questioning, at which time such officer shall either return it, if lawfully possessed, or arrest such person.Appears on lists of “Stop and Identify” StatesKentuckyLouisianaLa. Code Crim. Proc. Ann., Art. 215.1(A)Art. 215.1. Temporary questioning of persons in public places; frisk and search for weaponsA. A law enforcement officer may stop a person in a public place whom he reasonably suspects is committing, has committed, or is about to commit an offense and may demand of him his name, address, and an explanation of his actions.Requires reasonable suspicion.La. Rev.Stat. 14:108(B)(1)(c)§108. Resisting an officer.B.(1) The phrase “obstruction of” as used herein shall, in addition to its common meaning, signification, and connotation mean the following:(c) Refusal by the arrested or detained party to give his name and make his identity known to the arresting or detaining officer or providing false information regarding the identity of such party to the officer.Maine17-A M.R.S.A. § 15- A§ 15-A. Issuance of summons for criminal offense2. Any person who a law enforcement officer has probable cause to believe has committed or is committing a crime other than one listed under section 15, subsection 1, paragraph A, and to whom a law enforcement officer is authorized to deliver a summons pursuant to subsection 1, who intentionally fails or refuses to provide to that officer reasonably credible evidence of that person's correct name, address or date of birth commits a Class E crime, if the person persists in the failure or refusal after having been informed by the officer of the provisions of this subsection. If that person furnishes the officer evidence of the person's correct name, address and date of birth and the evidence does not appear to be reasonably credible, the officer shall attempt to verify the evidence as quickly as is reasonably possible. During the period the verification is being attempted, the officer may require the person to remain in the officer's presence for a period not to exceed 2 hours. During this period, if the officer reasonably believes that the officer's safety or the safety of others present requires, the officer may search for any dangerous weapon by an external patting of that person's outer clothing. If in the course of the search the officer feels an object that the officer reasonably believes to be a dangerous weapon, the officer may take such action as is necessary to examine the object, but may take permanent possession of the object only if it is subject to forfeiture. The requirement that the person remain in the presence of the officer does not constitute an arrest. After informing that person of the provisions of this subsection, the officer may arrest the person either if the person intentionally refuses to furnish any evidence of that person's correct name, address or date of birth or if, after attempting to verify the evidence as provided for in this subsection, the officer has probable cause to believe that the person has intentionally failed to provide reasonably credible evidence of the person's correct name, address or date of birth.Officer needs probable cause that suspect is committing or has committed a crime before it triggers.MarylandMD Code, Criminal Law, § 4-206§ 4-206. Limited search, seizure, and arrest.(a)(1) A law enforcement officer may make an inquiry and conduct a limited search of a person under paragraph (2) of this subsection if the officer, in light of the officer's observations, information, and experience, reasonably believes that:(i) the person may be wearing, carrying, or transporting a handgun in violation of § 4-203 of this subtitle; (ii) because the person possesses a handgun, the person is or presently may be dangerous to the officer or to others; (iii) under the circumstances, it is impracticable to obtain a search warrant; and (iv) to protect the officer or others, swift measures are necessary to discover whether the person is wearing, carrying, or transporting a handgun.(2) If the circumstances specified under paragraph (1) of this subsection exist, a law enforcement officer: (i) may approach the person and announce the officer's status as a law enforcement officer; (ii) may request the name and address of the person; (iii) if the person is in a vehicle, may request the person's license to operate the vehicle and the registration of the vehicle; (iv) may ask any question and request any explanation that may be reasonably calculated to determine whether the person is unlawfully wearing, carrying, or transporting a handgun in violation of § 4-203 of this subtitle; and (v) if the person does not offer an explanation that dispels the officer's reasonable beliefs described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, may conduct a search of the person limited to a patting or frisking of the person's clothing in search of a handgun.Only triggers when the officer reasonably believes the person is “wearing, carrying or transporting” a handgun.MassachusettsMass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 41, § 98§ 98. Powers and Duties.“The chief and other police officers of all cities and towns . . . may examine all persons abroad whom they have reason to suspect of unlawful design, and may demand of them their business abroad and whither they are going; may disperse any assembly of three or more persons, and may enter any building to suppress a riot or breach of peace therein. Persons so suspected who do not give a satisfactory account of themselves, persons so assembled and who do not disperse when ordered, and persons making, aiding and abetting in a riot or disturbance may be arrested by the police, and may thereafter be safely kept by imprisonment or otherwise unless released in the manner provided by law, and taken before a district court to be examined and prosecuted.”M.G.L.A. Ch. 90 § 25 proscribes a fine for any person “operating or in charge of a motor vehicle” that refuses to give his name or address or the name and address of the owner of the vehicle.M.G.L.A. Ch. 268 § 34A prohibits furnishing a false name to law enforcement.Michigan No statuteMinnesotaNo statuteMinn. Stat. Ann. § 624.714 requires a person permitted to carry a weapon to display their permit card and identification documents upon lawful demand by a peace officer.Mississippi No statuteMissouriMo. Rev.Stat. §84.710(2)Police force--officers of state--powers to arrest. 84.710.2. They shall have power within the city or on public property of the city beyond the corporate limits thereof to arrest, on view, any person they see violating or whom they have reason to suspect of having violated any law of the state or ordinance of the city. They shall have power to arrest and hold, without warrant, for a period of time not exceeding twenty-four hours, persons found within the city or on public property of the city beyond the corporate limits thereof charged with having committed felonies in other states, and who are reported to be fugitives from justice. They shall also have the power to stop any person abroad whenever there is reasonable ground to suspect that he is committing, has committed or is about to commit a crime and demand of him his name, address, business abroad and whither he is going. When stopping or detaining a suspect, they may search him for a dangerous weapon whenever they have reasonable ground to believe they are in danger from the possession of such dangerous weapon by the suspect. No unreasonable force shall be used in detaining or arresting any person, but such force as may be necessary may be used when there is no other apparent means of making an arrest or preventing an escape and only after the peace officer has made every reasonable effort to advise the person that he is the peace officer engaged in making arrest.Requires reasonable suspicion.MontanaMont. Code Ann. §46-5-40146-5-401. Investigative stop and frisk.(1) In order to obtain or verify an account of the person's presence or conduct or to determine whether to arrest the person, a peace officer may stop any person or vehicle that is observed in circumstances that create a particularized suspicionRequires “particularized” suspicion.that the person or occupant of the vehicle has committed, is committing, or is about to commit an offense. If the stop is for a violation under Title 61, unless emergency circumstances exist or the officer has reasonable cause to fear for the officer's own safety or for the public's safety, the officer shall as promptly as possible inform the person of the reason for the stop.(2) A peace officer who has lawfully stopped a person or vehicle under this section may: (a) request the person's name and present address and an explanation of the person's actions and, if the person is the driver of a vehicle, demand the person's driver's license and the vehicle's registration and proof of insurance; and (b) frisk the person and take other reasonably necessary steps for protection if the officer has reasonable cause to suspect that the person is armed and presently dangerous to the officer or another person present. The officer may take possession of any object that is discovered during the course of the frisk if the officer has probable cause to believe that the object is a deadly weapon until the completion of the stop, at which time the officer shall either immediately return the object, if legally possessed, or arrest the person.NebraskaNeb. Rev. Stat. §29- 82929-829. Stop and search of person for dangerous weapon; when authorized; peace officer, defined.A peace officer may stop any person in a public place whom he reasonably suspects of committing,Requires reasonable suspicion.who has committed, or who is about to commit a crime and may demand of him his name, address and an explanation of his actions. When a peace officer has stopped a person for questioning pursuant to this section and reasonably suspects he is in danger of life or limb, he may search such person for a dangerous weapon.NevadaNev. Rev. Stat. §171.123NRS 171.123(3) Temporary detention by peace officer of person suspected of criminal behavior or of violating conditions of parole or probation: Limitations.1. Any peace officer may detain any person whom the officer encounters under circumstances which reasonably indicate that the person has committed, is committing or is about to commit a crime.2. Any peace officer may detain any person the officer encounters under circumstances which reasonably indicate that the person has violated or is violating the conditions of the person’s parole or probation.3. The officer may detain the person pursuant to this section only to ascertain the person’s identity and the suspicious circumstances surrounding the person’s presence abroad. Any person so detained shall identify himself or herself, but may not be compelled to answer any other inquiry of any peace officer.4. A person must not be detained longer than is reasonably necessary to effect the purposes of this section, and in no event longer than 60 minutes. The detention must not extend beyond the place or the immediate vicinity of the place where the detention was first effected, unless the person is arrested.Requires reasonable suspicion.New HampshireN.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §594:2594:2 Questioning and Detaining Suspects.A peace officer may stop any person abroad whom he has reason to suspect is committing, has committed or is about to commit a crime, and may demand of him his name, address, business abroad and where he is going.Requires reasonable suspicion.N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 644.6644:6 Loitering or Prowling. –I. A person commits a violation if he knowingly appears at a place, or at a time, under circumstances that warrant alarm for the safety of persons or property in the vicinity. Circumstances which may be considered in determining whether such alarm is warranted include, but are not limited to, when the actor: (a) Takes flight upon appearance of a law enforcement official or upon questioning by such an official. (b) Manifestly endeavors to conceal himself or any object. (c) Has in his possession tools or other property which would lead a reasonable person to believe a crime was about to be perpetrated. (d) Examines entrances to a structure which the actor has no authority or legitimate purpose to enter.II. Prior to any arrest under this section, unless flight or other circumstances make it impossible, a law enforcement official shall afford the actor the opportunity to dispel any alarm which would otherwise be warranted, by requesting him to identify himself and give an account for his presence and conduct. Failure to identify oraccount for oneself, absent other circumstances, however, shall not be grounds for arrest.New Jersey No statuteNew MexicoNo statuteN.M. Stat. Ann. §30-22-3 states that a person can be guilty of a petty misdemeanor for concealing their identity, i.e., “concealing one's true name or identity, or disguising oneself with intent to obstruct the due execution of the law or with intent to intimidate, hinder or interrupt any public officer or any other person in a legal performance of his duty....”New YorkN.Y. Crim. Proc. Law §140.50New York Criminal Procedure Law § 140.50 Temporary questioning of persons in public places; search for weapons1. In addition to the authority provided by this article for making an arrest without a warrant, a police officer may stop a person in a public place located within the geographical area of such officer's employment when he reasonably suspects that such person is committing, has committed or is about to commit either (a) a felony or (b) a misdemeanor defined in the penal law, and may demand of him his name, address and an explanation of his conduct.2. Any person who is a peace officer and who provides security services for any court of the unified court system may stop a person in or about the courthouse to which he is assigned when he reasonably suspects that such person is committing, has committed or is about to commit either (a) a felony or (b) a misdemeanor defined in the penal law, and may demand of him his name, address and an explanation of his conduct. . . .4. In cities with a population of one million or more, information that establishes the personal identity of an individual who has been stopped, questioned and/or frisked by a police officer or peace officer, such as the name, address or social security number of such person, shall not be recorded in a computerized or electronic database if that individual is released without further legal action; provided, however, that this subdivision shall not prohibit police officers or peace officers from including in a computerized or electronic database generic characteristics of an individual, such as race and gender, who has been stopped, questioned and/or frisked by a police officer or peace officer.Requires reasonable suspicion.Possibly Relevant - Trespass Affidavit Program. Officers can request information if person is located in TAP building restricted by signage and a lock.People v. Roque, 99 N.Y.2d 50, 52 (2002) (“Often a building owner or manager files a ‘trespass affidavit’ with police stating that the building has been plagued by illegal drug trade and asks police to patrol the building for trespassers. Police then stop people they encounter in the halls to ask for identification and to inquire if they are residents or otherwise lawfully in the building.”)People v. Barksdale, 26 N.Y.3d 139, 143–44 (2015). (“Here the record reflects that the encounter occurred in a private space restricted by signage and a lock, and that police assistance in combating trespassing had been sought through enrollment in the [Tresspass Affidavit Program]. Put simply, the coupling of defendant's presence in the subject building with the private and protected nature of that location supports the intrusion giving rise to what became the seizure in question. We conclude that there is record support for the determination that the police had an objective credible reason to request information from defendant.”)North CarolinaNo statuteN.C. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 14-415.11 requires anyone permitted to carry a a concealed handgun to display both the permit and identification upon request of a law enforcement officer.North DakotaN.D. Cent. Code §29- 29-2129-29-21. Temporary questioning of persons in public places - Search for weapons.A peace officer may stop any person abroad in a public place whom the officer reasonably suspects is committing, has committed, or is about to commit:1. Any felony.2. A misdemeanor relating to the possession of a concealed or dangerous weapon or weapons.3. Burglary or unlawful entry.4. A violation of any provision relating to possession of marijuana or of narcotic, hallucinogenic, depressant, or stimulant drugs. The peace officer may demand of such person the person's name, address, and an explanation of the person's actions.When a peace officer has stopped a person for questioning pursuant to this section and reasonably suspects that the officer is in danger of life or limb, the officer may search such person for a dangerous weapon. If the peace officer finds such a weapon or any other thing, the possession of which may constitute a crime, the officer may take and keep it until the completion of the questioning, at which time the officer shall either return it, if lawfully possessed, or arrest such person.Requires reasonable suspicion.OhioOhio Rev. Code § 2921.292921.29 Failure to disclose personal information.(A) No person who is in a public place shall refuse to disclose the person's name, address, or date of birth, when requested by a law enforcement officerwho reasonably suspects either of the following:(1) The person is committing, has committed, or is about to commit a criminal offense.(2) The person witnessed any of the following:(a) An offense of violence that would constitute a felony under the laws of this state;(b) A felony offense that causes or results in, or creates a substantial risk of, serious physical harm to another person or to property;(c) Any attempt or conspiracy to commit, or complicity in committing, any offense identified in division (A)(2)(a) or (b) of this section;(d) Any conduct reasonably indicating that any offense identified in division (A)(2)(a) or (b) of this section or any attempt, conspiracy, or complicity described in division (A)(2)(c) of this section has been, is being, or is about to be committed.(B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of failure to disclose one's personal information, a misdemeanor of the fourth degree.(C) Nothing in this section requires a person to answer any questions beyond that person's name, address, or date of birth. Nothing in this section authorizes a law enforcement officer to arrest a person for not providing any information beyond that person's name, address, or date of birth or for refusing to describe the offense observed.(D) It is not a violation of this section to refuse to answer a question that would reveal a person's age or date of birth if age is an element of the crime that the person is suspected of committing.Ohio Rev. Code § 2901.012901.01 General provisions definitions.(11) “Law enforcement officer” means any of the following:(a) A sheriff, deputy sheriff, constable, police officer of a township or joint police district, marshal, deputy marshal, municipal police officer, member of a police force employed by a metropolitan housing authority under division (D) of section 3735.31 of the Revised Code, or state highway patrol trooper;(b) An officer, agent, or employee of the state or any of its agencies, instrumentalities, or political subdivisions, upon whom, by statute, a duty to conserve the peace or to enforce all or certain laws is imposed and the authority to arrest violators is conferred, within the limits of that statutory duty and authority;(c) A mayor, in the mayor's capacity as chief conservator of the peace within the mayor's municipal corporation;(d) A member of an auxiliary police force organized by county, township, or municipal law enforcement authorities, within the scope of the member's appointment or commission;(e) A person lawfully called pursuant to section 311.07 of the Revised Code to aid a sheriff in keeping the peace, for the purposes and during the time when the person is called;(f) A person appointed by a mayor pursuant to section 737.01 of the Revised Code as a special patrolling officer during riot or emergency, for the purposes and during the time when the person is appointed;(g) A member of the organized militia of this state or the armed forces of the United States, lawfully called to duty to aid civil authorities in keeping the peace or protect against domestic violence;(h) A prosecuting attorney, assistant prosecuting attorney, secret service officer, or municipal prosecutor;(i) A veterans' home police officer appointed under section 5907.02 of the Revised Code;(j) A member of a police force employed by a regional transit authority under division (Y) of section 306.35 of the Revised Code;(k) A special police officer employed by a port authority under section 4582.04 or 4582.28 of the Revised Code;(l) The house of representatives sergeant at arms if the house of representatives sergeant at arms has arrest authority pursuant to division (E)(1) of section 101.311 of the Revised Code and an assistant house of representatives sergeant at arms;(m) The senate sergeant at arms and an assistant senate sergeant at arms;(n) A special police officer employed by a municipal corporation at a municipal airport, orDefinition of law enforcement is likely not broad enough to cover ICE agents.other municipal air navigation facility, that has scheduled operations, as defined in section 119.3 of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, 14 C.F.R. 119.3, as amended, and that is required to be under a security program and is governed by aviation security rules of the transportation security administration of the United States department of transportation as provided in Parts 1542. and 1544. of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as amended.Oklahoma No statuteOregonNo statuteORS 131.615 does not explicitly allow officers to ask for identification if stopping someone.PennsylvaniaNo statuteThe court in Commonwealth v. Campbell, 862 A.2d 659 (Pa.Super. 2004) determined that asking a passenger in a vehicle for identification is reasonable; however, the court explicitly refrained from assessing whether an individual must respond to such inquiries.Rhode IslandR.I. Gen. Laws §12-7- 1§12-7-1 Temporary detention of suspects.A peace officer may detain any person abroad whom he or she has reason to suspect is committing, has committed, or is about to commit a crime, and may demand of the person his or her name, address, business abroad, and destination; and any person who fails to identify himself or herself and explain his or her actions to the satisfaction of the peace officer may be further detained and further questioned and investigated by any peace officer; provided, in no case shall the total period of the detention exceed two (2) hours, and the detention shall not be recorded as an arrest in any official record. At the end of the detention period the person so detained shall be released unless arrested and charged with a crime.R.I. Gen. Laws §12-7- 21§12-7-21 “Peace officer” defined. “Peace officer”, as used within this chapter, means the following individuals or members of:(1) Rhode Island state police;(2) Any member of a municipal or local police department;(3) Rhode Island airport corporation police; (4) Rhode Island park police;(5) Rhode Island capitol police;(6) Rhode Island conservation officers;(7) Rhode Island department of environmental management officers;(8) Rhode Island fire marshals;(9) Brown University police officers;(10) University of Rhode Island campus police officers;(11) Rhode Island College campus security;(12) Campus security at the Community College of Rhode Island;(13) Rhode Island sheriff's department;(14) The investigators of the department of attorney general appointed pursuant to § 42-9-8.1;(15) Any federal law enforcement officer;(16) Correctional investigators and correctional officers of the Rhode Island department of corrections;(17) The witness protection coordinator of the department of attorney general;(18) The warden, associate wardens, majors, captains, lieutenants, sergeants, correctional officers and investigators employed by a project operated by a municipal detention facility corporation, including, but not limited to, the Donald W. Wyatt Detention Facility; provided, such parties listed in this subsection (18) herein shall be deemed to be peace officers while in performance of their duties for the municipal detention facility only, and shall not be deemed toIncludes federal law enforcement officers.be peace officers at any time when they are not in performance of said duties;(19) Retired non-permanent sworn members of any municipal police department shall be deemed to be peace officers only while in the performance of their duties for any municipal police department, and shall be permitted to carry their firearm while in the performance of their duties for the municipal police department, and shall be subject to in-service training requirements of title 42, chapter 28;(20) Workers' Compensation investigators of the department of public safety appointed pursuant to § 42-7.3-3.1;(21) Auto theft investigators appointed pursuant to § 31-50-1;(22) Providence fire department arson investigators; provided, that the arson investigator is a graduate of a police-training academy; and(23) Rhode Island School of Design police officers.South CarolinaNo statuteS.C. Code §17-30-170 allows a law enforcement officer of the state or political subdivision of the state to make a reasonable effort, when practicable, to determine whether a person is lawfully present in the United States if the officer lawfully stops, detains, investigates, or arrests that person for a criminal offense, and during the commission of the stop, detention, investigation, or arrest has a resonable suspicion to believe that the person is unlawfully in the United States.Some municipal ordinances have considered adopting “stop and identify” statutes.South Dakota Tennessee TexasNo statuteNo statuteNo statute Tex. Penal Code Section §38.02 makes it a crime to falsely identifyyourself to an officer.UtahUtah Code Ann. §77- 7-15§77-7-15 Authority of peace officer to stop and question suspect.A peace officer may stop any person in a public place when he has a reasonable suspicion to believe he has committed or is in the act of committing or is attempting to commit a public offense and may demand his name, address and an explanation of his actions.Requires reasonable suspicion.Utah Code Ann. §53- 13-10253-13-102. Peace officer classifications.The following officers may exercise peace officer authority only as specifically authorized by law:(1) law enforcement officers; (2) correctional officers;(3) special function officers; and (4) federal officers.Utah Code Ann. §53- 13-10653-13-106. Federal officers -- State law enforcement authority.(c) “Federal officer” includes:(i) a special agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;(ii) a special agent of the United States Secret Service;(iii) a special agent of the United States Department of Homeland Security, excluding a customs inspector or detention removal officer;(iv) a special agent of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms;(v) a special agent of the Drug Enforcement Administration;(vi) a United States marshal, deputy marshal, and special deputy United States marshal; and(vii) a U.S. postal inspector of the United States Postal Inspection Service.ICE detention removal agents are exlcuded from the defintion of peace officers.VermontVt. Stat. Ann., Tit. 24, §1983Tit. 24, §1983 Identification to law enforcement officers required. (a) A law enforcement officer is authorized to detain a person if:(1) the officer has reasonable grounds to believe the person has violated a municipal ordinance; and(2) the person refuses to identify himself or herself satisfactorily to the officer when requested by the officer.(b) The person may be detained only until the person identifies himself or herself satisfactorily to the officer or is properly identified. If the officer is unable to obtain the identification information, the person shall forthwith be brought before a Criminal Division of the Superior Court judge for that purpose. A person who refuses to identify himself or herself to the court on request shall immediately and without service of an order on the person be subject to civil contempt proceedings pursuant to 12 V.S.A. § 122. (Added 1997, No. 122 (Adj. Sess.), § 2; amended 2009, No. 154 (Adj. Sess.), § 238; 2013, No. 194 (Adj. Sess.),§ 14, eff. June 17, 2014.)Virginia Washington West VirginiaNo statute Ssome localities may require individuals to identify themselves.No statute Some counties appear to have “stop and identify” ordinances.No statuteWisconsinWis. Stat. §968.24§968.24 Temporary questioning without arrest.After having identified himself or herself as a law enforcement officer, a law enforcement officer may stop a person in a public place for a reasonable period of time when the officer reasonably suspects that such person is committing, is about to commit or has committed a crime, and may demand the name and address of the person and an explanation of the person's conduct. Such detention and temporary questioning shall be conducted in the vicinity where the person was stopped.Statute does not authorize officer to make an arrest.Wis. Stat. §967.02§967.02 “Law enforcement officer” means any person who by virtue of the person's office or public employment is vested by law with the duty to maintain public order or to make arrests for crimes while acting within the scope of the person's authority.Likely broad enough to cover ICEWyoming No statute