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Completely indigeneously? Like engine, avionics as well. Probably so long that the 5th generation jet would coe out around the time that 6th generation jets were being rolled out.To build a jet engine all on its own, a country needs a whole lot of other advanced industries, mining, smelting, metallurgy, chemical engineering, precision machining. To design and build aircraft avionics, a country needs an electrical, electronics, computer and software industry, in order to have a skilled workforce of sufficient size that enough of them can be spared form other tasks just to work on this time and money intensive endeavour.In order to develop the tech that would define “5th generation” (thrust vectoring, low observability airframe, composite construction, integrated networking between aircraft, ground etc) requires, essentially a fully developed economy which supports advanced industries. So really, in order for any of the countries you mentioned to do it, they would, have to develop their whole economy up to the levels of places like Japan and Korea.

To reinforce Joseph Reinemann’s answer, I’d like to present this scenario as if it were a tabletop roleplaying game.DM: Your four ships emerge from hyperspace, and your bridge crews immediately begin making calculations for the jump to your secret rendezvous.Player 1, playing Raddus: Do we have enough fuel left for this last jump?DM: Yes. Despite the fact that you were forced to evacuate D’Qar without full supplies, your calculations appear to have been accurate. The jump you just made to throw off pursuit consumed almost exactly as much fuel as you had calculated, and you have enough left over for one more, to the secret rendezvous.Player 2, playing Ninka: Great. Do we even have to roll Astrogation checks to calculate the jump? We’re not in combat.DM: You know what? Everybody roll anyway.<players roll>DM: It’s going to take about ten minutes for your navicomputers to get a precise fix on your position and spit out the new jump coordinates. But seconds after you arrive, thirty Resurgent-class Star Destroyers emerge from hyperspace, right on top of you.Player 3, playing Vigil: Thirty?? There were only three at D’Qar!Player 4, playing Anodyne: Yeah, how is that possible? Where did they come from?Player 1: And how did they find us? You can’t track people through hyperspace; it says so on page 272 of the core rolebook.Player 2: The best you can do is calculate destinations along someone’s last known vector, which is why we specified last session that we didn’t pick any destination. We’re in the middle of nowhere.Player 3: Yeah, what did they do, just guess?Player 1: And even if they did guess, how could they communicate our location to twenty-seven other ships so quickly?DM: As if to emphasize the impossibility of the situation, as your crews are still reeling from the shock of the emergence of so many star destroyers, another ship exits hyperspace. This one is enormous, several times larger than the largest old Imperial dreadnought you’ve even heard rumors of. It can only be the flagship of Supreme Leader Snoke himself.Player 2: Okay, what … how is any of this possible?DM: You find yourself wishing you knew more about the technology base of the First Order, and precisely how much experimental Imperial tech or even just research they may have carried with them into the Unknown Regions. Or perhaps what clandestine support they’ve received from within the Republic.Player 3: We tried! Last adventure was all about trying to warn the Republic about the First Order!DM: And you failed, which is why you are now in command of four military-surplus ships and know next to nothing about what your foes are capable of. Raddus, give me a Lore: Technology check.Player 1: <rolls>DM: Okay. General Organa concludes that there is only one possibility:Player 1: Wait, couldn’t they have hidden homing beacons aboard our ships? Or just one of them?DM: It’s possible, yes.Player 3: But we checked, remember? Last session. Besides, if they had a mole in our organization, how were we able to pull off that sneak attack against Starkiller Base two sessions ago?DM: A homing beacon physically hidden aboard your ships by a saboteur or traitor does seem unlikely. But yes, it’s possible. The First Order ships have begun firing on you. Would you like to stop and search your ships?Player 1: No, we have to run, guys. But yes, as soon as we get out of combat, I want every spare crew member scouring our ships for homing beacons.Other Players: Yeah.DM: Very well …DM: You manage to beat off the TIE attack and pull out of effective range of the First Order’s turbolasers. The TIE attack was surprisingly weak; perhaps it indicates dissension among the enemy ranks.Player 1: Weak? I just took critical hits to my hangar and my bridge!DM: <shrugs> I rolled really well. You saw the dice. If it makes you feel better, even without your starfighters, it’s likely that you would have pulverized those TIEs if they’d kept up the attack much longer. And your actual hull integrity is fine.Player 2: Okay, let’s assume Leia is right and this is some new tracking technology.DM: If the star destroyers at D’Qar could track you through hyperspace, it would explain how they managed to find you. And how they called in so many reinforcements.Player 2: Okay. Operating on that assumption, what can we deduce about this? <rolls>DM: Ooh, good roll. Okay. Assuming it works like normal active sensors, no matter how many hyperspace tracking sensor suites are among the enemy ships, they’ll all form a network with whatever the lead ship of the pursuit group. Right now, that’s Snoke’s ship, the big one, but again, that’s just because his ship is physically closest to the thing they’d be tracking: your group.Player 4: They … they form a network? Why doesn’t each ship just track us itself?DM: <shrugs> I’m not saying that’s how this active sensor system works; that’s just how normal active sensors work in a combat situation. Core rulebook, page 281. Check it yourself. However, I should note that the entire pursuing flotilla is in what appears to be a standard tracking network formation.Player 1: Okay, let’s assume that’s true. Let’s just split up. We split up the fleet, and each make a jump for a different rendezvous.Other Players: Sounds good.DM: You’re sure you want to do that?Player 1: Yup.DM: There are, to be clear, 31 enemy ships, each of which is more powerful than any of your ships.Player 1: We know.DM: And you only have enough fuel for one more jump.Player 2: We know.Player 3: Guys, I think he’s trying to tell us something.Player 1: Trust me, this will work.Player 3: Are you sure this isn’t a puzzle? Something new we’re supposed to figure out?Player 1: Come on, just roll.Player 3 and DM: Okay …<rolls>DM: Okay, you randomize your escape vectors and your ships split up. Anodyne, you are now being pursued by a group of 7 Resurgents. Vigil, same for you. Ninka, you’re being pursued by 8 Resurgents. Raddus, you’ve also got 8 Resurgents on your tail, plus the big flagship.Player 2: Are we still out of weapons range?Player 4: We would have plotted our courses so we didn’t drift into weapons range.DM: You’re all still faster than the pursuers, so you have some wiggle room with your navigation. The First Order keeps up its long range bombardment, but you’re still fast enough to separate while remaining out of effective weapons range.Player 1: Okay. We jump.DM: <shrugs> Okay. You all make the jump to lightspeed, using the last of your hyperfuel, but relieved to be away from that much First Order firepower. Roll to search your ships.<rolls>DM: During the flight, you scour your ships top to bottom, including sending out droids to scour your exterior hulls. No sign of any homing beacons aboard any of your ships, nor of any damage to your hyperdrives that might have left a hyperspace wake the First Order could follow.Player 2: That’s a thing?DM: It’s not a rule that gets used much, but yeah. It’s a major plot point in the A New Hope adventure module. Anyway … Raddus, you arrive at your rendezvous, a Resistance-friendly world where you can refuel. Thirty seconds later, 8 Resurgents and Snoke’s flagship drop out of hyperspace right on top of you.Player 1: What??? How????DM: Ninka, you drop out of hyperspace near a smuggler’s outpost that you’ve refueled at before. Almost as soon as you exit hyperspace, 8 Resurgents drop out of hyperspace right on top of you.Player 2: Ugh, me too?DM: Vigil, same thing happens to you. 7 Star Destroyers at close range.Player 3: Called it.DM: Anodyne, you also drop out of hyperspace near a refueling depot. Immediately afterwards, 7 Resurgents drop out of hyperspace on top of you.Player 1: Okay, but how? How did they do that?DM: However they tracked you the first time, presumably. Not by homing beacon, evidently.Player 2: Wait wait, but they had four trackers?DM: You could reasonably conclude they had at least two: one aboard one of the ships at D’Qar, and one aboard the flagship. Otherwise it wouldn’t have taken point for the tracking network … assuming, again, this thing works like normal active sensors.Player 4: Okay, but four?DM: <shrugs> Aside from the giant star destroyer, the 30 Resurgents are all identical. No reason to believe they don’t each have a tracker. They’ve been behaving that way the whole time.Player 1: Great. So now we’ve split the party, we’re out of hyperfuel, and we’re still outgunned by at least 7 to 1.DM: Considerably more than that. You’re the only ship that could possibly take on a Resurgentf in a one-on-one fight.Player 3: In other words, we are now each facing enough firepower to wipe out the average planetary defense fleet several times over, and we’re out of hyperspace jumps.Player 2: But what were we supposed to do? You get into a fight you can’t win, you hyperspace away. That’s how this game works. The rules are built around that mechanic!DM: Also, I’d like to point out that the First Order very conspicuously didn’t launch any TIEs to chase you guys. Almost as if they weren’t afraid of you escaping through standard escape-and-evasion tactics no matter what you did.Player 3: I told you guys it was supposed to be a puzzle …

Okay, let’s do this. One of the things I liked about The Last Jedi is that, while it isn’t center stage, one of the major plots is an actual military problem. So let’s start by analyzing the dimensions of the problem:Problem One: FuelOur task group doesn’t have a lot of fuel. This isn’t going to turn out to be super significant, but it is relevant.Problem Two: Superior Enemy TechHyperspace tracking is a big deal. It changes naval doctrine entirely. The standard tactic in Star Wars when facing superior firepower - from A New Hope in 1977 all the way to The Last Jedi - is to jump to lightspeed, because the only way to figure out where you’ll drop out of lightspeed is to assume you kept going in a straight line towards your destination, and plotting the possible destinations along that vector. Problem for the pursuer is, it’s trivially easy to make that first assumption wrong. Jump to lightspeed, drop out of hyperspace in the middle of nowhere, change course, and presto: you have left the battlefield and now the enemy had no way to know where you’re headed.Hyperspace tracking makes this tactic invalid. Against an enemy equipped with such technology, there is now no way to leave the battlefield. Once you are engaged, you must be prepared to fight until the enemy breaks off the action.Problem Three: No Adequate ReinforcementsThe Republic Home Fleet is gone, and with it all potentially friendly units that can meet First Order star destroyers on equal terms. All other possible reinforcements - be they surviving Republic light units, privately owned warships, or system defense forces - are going to be punching above their weight by a significant margin. Any attack against the First Order squadron is going to incur very significant casualties.Problem Four: Only One Hyperspace MissileWe have a few dozen hyperspace-capable craft, including four hyperspace-capable capital ships. Only one of these is big enough to do any damage to the enemy ships with a kamikaze jump, and it is the least replaceable ship in the task group (fully three times bigger than Ackbar’s old Home One). Throwing fighters or our smaller ships at the enemy will not damage their ships but will sacrifice ours. So we have one hyperspace ram up our sleeve.(I see a lot of answers assuming you can just accelerate an X-wing to lightspeed and punch out a Star Destroyer because, I guess, they assume a Star Destroyer can’t handle e=mc^2, where m is on the order of a few tens of thousands of kilograms. That this wouldn’t work should be obvious from the movie (that’s why they didn’t do it), but if you prefer to imagine that Rian Johnson is a hack who doesn’t know how hyperspace ramming really works, the Lucasfilm Story Group has also confirmed that only Raddus - which is, again, the biggest “good guy” ship we’ve ever seen by a wide margin - was big enough to pull off the kamikaze ram, and in fact Johnson specifically checked this point in the script with them in advance. If you think Lucasfilm also doesn’t know how hyperspace ramming really works, there is no hope for you.)Okay. We know the basic dimensions of the problem. What are we trying to do? What does victory look like?Primary Victory Condition: Preserve the ForceOur primary goal is to preserve as much of the war materiel and personnel with which we escaped D’Qar as possible. While the sum total of our combat power may not be adequate to engage a single star destroyer squadron, it is more than adequate to form the core of a guerrilla force.Fallback Victory Condition: Preserve the PersonnelIf I have to choose between personnel and materiel, I choose personnel. A guerrilla force needs men more than it needs hardware. It needs both - but men without guns can possibly get new guns. Guns without men cannot get more men.Pyrrhic Victory Condition: Preserve AnybodyNote that killing the bad guys is not on the list. In fact, fighting is bad in this scenario, insofar as I’m going to lose some men and materiel even in a successful attack. If I fight at all, it must be following the advice of that great rebel strategist Captain Jack Sparrow: I must only fight to run away.Okay. The problem is defined, the goals are clear, and my flag staff is assembled. Let’s hear some options, people.“What if we took all of our fighters and made lightspeed kamikaze runs into -”Johnson. We just went over this. That doesn’t do any damage. Well, except to the fighters. Which, by the way, we might need to defend ourselves.“Okay, we load everybody into Raddus and then make lightspeed kamikaze runs with the other three capital ships -”Johnson! We went over that too. Anodyne is our second biggest ship, and she isn’t anywhere near big enough to disable a Resurgent class, let alone that flying monstrosity Snoke tools around in.“Okay, so we evacuate Raddus and use her to ram -”Goddammit, Johnson, enough with the lightspeed kamikaze! First off, there’s half a dozen of them. Second, even if we did somehow manage to hit one ship and pinball the resulting debris into the others, I bet they’d still be spaceworthy enough to, I don’t know, follow us to wherever we were running, threaten us with orbital bombardment, deploy ground forces, and support them with starfighters. Just as a weirdly specific hypothetical that happened to pop into my head. The point is, it won’t work.“Fine, fine. What if we just split up and each jumped to a new location?”No good. We know the First Order has at least two hyperspace trackers in the pursuing ships; we have to assume that each ship has one. They outnumber us, remember? They can just detail one star destroyer to follow each of our ships as it scatters. Hell, they have enough to devote two destroyers to each of our ships.“Then we call for reinforcements! What about the Republic? They have to have some forces left!”Of course they do. But nothing that can handle a star destroyer or two, let alone six and a Mega class dreadnought. Any light units left are hiding, if they’re smart, and trying to concentrate their forces. And if any of them have managed to link up, they sure as hell won’t thank us for dragging them into this party.“Fine, forget the Republic. We look for help elsewhere. We have allies all across the Outer Rim, right?”Yeah, in the Outer Rim. Which of our allies can punch out a star destroyer, hmm? Two star destroyers, if we’re being realistic, even if we scatter the task group and proceed independently. Two star destroyers, minimum? Would you commit your fleet to that kind of fight if you were in charge of a smuggler armada or a pirate fleet? I wouldn’t. I bet we could put out a high priority distress call with General Organa’s personal code attached, and none of our allies would dare stick their hands into this meat grinder. Just as another oddly specific hypothetical that popped into my mind.“Wait, wait. I just had a brilliant idea. We sneak onto the lead star destroyer, and sabotage the hyperspace tracker. If we -”Johnson. You want to sneak onto an enemy warship that is already at battle stations? Even if you could get aboard, there is no way you could make it anywhere that sensitive without being detected. Hell, if nothing else, the laws of probability would have you detected by a random enemy astromech droid!“You’re having a lot of weirdly specific hypothetical thoughts today, Admiral.”Yeah. Weird.“Well shit, Admiral, if we can’t run together and we can’t scatter independently and we don’t have any reinforcements, and we can’t infiltrate our way out of this, what can we do? It’s like somebody put us into a situation specifically tailored to leave us fucked.”It is a bit like that, isn’t it, Johnson? So let’s put on our big girl panties and think of a solution.If we can’t fight, and we can’t run, we have to die. The First Order won’t stop chasing us until we die. So fine. We show them what they want to see: we die.“Admiral, I really think we should consider scattering the fleet and proceeding independently. At least one ship might survive-”Oh, for - Johnson, what part of “they outnumber us” is unclear? Scattering does us no good if they can just peel off a Star Destroyer to pursue each of us individually.“But, sir, if we sacrifice Raddus with a hyperspace kamikaze, maybe we can cause enough damage to get at least one of the remaining three ships -”Johnson, I swear by Ackbar’s caviar-flavored balls, if you mention hyperspace ramming one more time I will shoot you at the goddamned First Order. One, they’d have to be idiots to let us get that many of them with a single shot. Two, even if they were idiots, we’d probably only pepper the Resurgents with debris. They’re star destroyers, Johnson. Peppering them with debris is not going to put them out of action. Three, what the hell do you think they’re going to do while we maneuver into ramming position? Not shoot us into tiny bits? I don’t know if you noticed, but they’re still shooting us now, and even one of those star destroyers could take us. If we get deeper into their engagement envelope to set up a ram, the only possible way we’d survive to the necessary jump point would be for them to politely cease fire. Not even General Hux is that dumb.This fleet is done for. But we still have a shot at preserving the personnel aboard it. What we need is for the First Order to believe that they’ve destroyed us, so they stop looking for potential survivors. There’s a planet with an old Rebellion base that’s within range of our remaining fuel reserves. We set a course that doesn’t take us to it, but at least lets us pass within range. We gather everybody aboard Raddus and then sneak out just before the First Order destroys her.“Won’t they see us transporting everybody to the flagship, Admiral? That’ll probably make them suspicious.”Yes, it will … which is why we wait to evacuate a ship until it’s out of fuel. That way it looks like we’re still just running scared with no plan.“Okay, but how are we going to evacuate the flagship without them noticing? I mean, I know our shuttles have cloaks, but it’s not like those are completely impenetrable to sensors. If they really go looking for us, they’ll spot us … and why wouldn’t they be looking for cloaked ships?”Johnson, do we run a decloaking scan every second this ship is operational?“Well, no, but -”And why not?“I … you know, come to think of it, Admiral, I’m not sure. I mean, I guess we can’t?”If we could, cloaking devices wouldn’t be of any use at all, would they?“I suppose not.”And since we know that cloaking devices are useful, and have been since the last war, it follows that there’s a good reason people can’t just mash the “decloaking scan” button constantly, doesn’t it?“I guess so, Admiral. I just wish I knew what that reason was.”For once, Johnson, we are in agreement. For now, though, we’ll just have to accept what we know.“Yes, Admiral. Though … seeing as we have these cloaking devices aboard ship, don’t you think we could rig them up somehow to cloak one of our capital ships? Then we could -”If you mention hyperspace ramming, Johnson, I swear to GOD -“Do we believe in a god, Admiral?”What? Of course we do. We’re sentient beings, Johnson; why wouldn’t we have a religion?“Oh, right. But anyway, no, I was going to say … why not jury rig a cloak for one of our capital ships and hyperspace out under cloak?”Johnson, don’t you think there’s a reason none of our capital ships are cloaked right now?“Sure, but it only needs to hold for a few minutes -”True. But if one of our ships drops off their scopes mid-chase, you bet your ass they will run a decloaking scan. This is only going to work if they have no reason to be suspicious.“Good point, Admiral. Just trying to make sure we explore all alternatives.”I appreciate the suggestion. Very well. Moving on: once we’re within range of the base, we slip out of the ship in cloaked shuttles, and let the First Order destroy Raddus. By the time they’re searching the debris for bodies, we’ll be long gone.“Won’t they search any planets we’ve passed on the way, though? Once they see nobody was aboard, they’ll come looking for us.”Yes they will. Which is why somebody needs to stay behind. At the end of the chase, Raddus needs to be able to maneuver in a way that makes it look like an organic crew is still aboard, and also needs to make sure the ship’s destruction is so complete that no bodies would survive. If the First Order doesn’t do the job properly, whoever is aboard needs to make sure the ship self-destructs completely, like her power plant suffered critical damage.“That makes sense. Couldn’t we just put her on autopilot, though? Or have a droid do it? I mean, artificial intelligence is pretty convincing these days.”You think Threepio could do this, Johnson?“No, but BB-8 probably could. Honestly, Admiral, sometimes astromech droids creep me out, they’re so clever.”Yeah, true. I still don’t trust them, though. There’s a reason we haven’t replaced all of our organic crew members with droids, after all.“You know, speaking of … why haven’t we replaced all of our organic crew members with droids? And all of our fighter pilots, too?”We have had this discussion ten times, Johnson. We are not having it again.“Yeah, I know, it’s just … none of those times have been on camera.”Camera?“Sorry, Admiral. Don’t know what came over me.”Right … anyway, that’s the plan. We’ll lose every ship in the fleet, but if we can preserve the lives, we’ll have a functional core with which to start over. Once we’ve slipped past the First Order, we call our allies for a pickup and sneak out. As long as the star destroyers are long gone, we ought to be able to find someone willing to take that risk.“One question, Admiral … what if some of the crew doesn’t go for it? I mean … this seems like the sort of thing that could cause a lot of debates.”Which we don’t have time for. We don’t have enough marines to guard the escape pods and small craft as it is, and we can’t have people jumping ship to any of the planets we pass along the way.“Just how many planets will we pass along the way, anyway?”Well, more than one, obviously. We’re nowhere near our ultimate destination, and people have already been trying to get into escape pods. You think their plan was just to suffocate to death in space?“No, it’s just … I’ve never really been clear on how fast we travel in normal space. Isn’t this sublight? I mean, space is really big, Admiral …”Johnson, we’ve had this discussion ten times too. Can we please concentrate?“Yeah, but the audience is bound to be curious -”The audience’s curiosity is not my concern, Johnson. Whoever the audience is. What, do you think I need to stop and explain every little thing you and I already understand that the audience doesn’t? They’re smart people; they’ll figure it out. Look, now you’ve got me doing it. What audience?“Right. Sorry. Won’t happen again.”See that it doesn’t. As I was saying, this plan does not go beyond the flag staff. We can’t afford a screw up that might make the First Order suspicious.“Don’t you think we should inform Captain Dameron, then?”What? Why?“Well, until a few hours ago, he would have been in this meeting.”And now he’s not, because General Organa specifically kicked him off the staff for lack of judgment. Why, exactly, do you think we should trust him with critical information? You think you know the captain better than the general does, Johnson?“No, no, it’s not that. It’s just … he’s a bit of a hothead. What if he tries something stupid, like trying to sneak aboard the enemy flagship to disable its hyperspace tracker so we have a tiny window of opportunity before they realize it’s offline to hyperspace away?”What? That would never work. Hell, there’s a reason we’re not doing that. Not even Poe Dameron is that crazy.“I don’t know, Admiral. We’ve snuck agents into some pretty improbable places. The captain has a tendency to think he has some kind of plot armor, you know?”Fair point. Okay, let’s give the captain something to keep him busy, like supervising repairs in the main hangar bay. That should take more than enough time to keep him out of trouble. Don’t let me forget.“Aye aye, Admiral.”