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Rajasthan (Hindi: राजस्थान​​, ISO 15919: Rājasthāna; land of kings)Basic StatsRajsthan is the largest state by area and 7th largest state by population.Forest Cover — Only ~4.8% of the state is covered in forests, the 3rd lowest in India among all states and UTs. The state has shown a slight increase of 0.14% since 2015 [Forest Survey of India Report - 2017]{Please note forest cover in India also includes plantations}[1]HDI — Rajasthan ranks quite low at 29th among all states and UTs, having medium HDI at 0.621 in 2017.[2][3][4]Crime stats —Rajasthan ranks at 8th amongst all states and UTs in terms of rank based on crime rate. Its rank based on % share of incidences is 6th. [NCRB report 2016][5]In terms of crime against women, the state’s rank has been 5th according to crime rate, while its rank based on % share is 4th. [NCRB report 2016][6]It recorded the 9th lowest suicide rate in India at 2.5 suicides per 1 lakh people [NCRB Report 2015][7]It unfortunately ranks at 4th in terms of crime rate 2nd in terms of % share of number incidences of human trafficking among states and UTs for which data was available. [NCRB Report on Human Trafficking 2016][8]Literacy and Education —As per Census 2011, Rajasthan recorded ~67% literacy which is lower than national rate, and therefore ranks at 33rd among all states and UTs. It also recorded the lowest female literacy rate. [Census 2011][9]It recorded the 10th lowest Gross Enrollment Ratio (enrollment of children between 6–13 years in school) among all states and UTs. [Statistics of School Education- 2010-11 published by MHRD][10][11]Health —Rajasthan recorded the 7th lowest life expectancy at birth among all states and UTs for which data was available, ~63 years which is lower than national average [HDI Report of United Nations Development Programme - 2011][12]The state ranks 21st in effective coverage of supplementary nutrition programme for children [Report on Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) published by Planning Commission (GoI) in 2011][13]With regards to access to clean drinking water, it ranks 17th among the states and UTs, and the percentage of households having clean water access at ~78% is lower than the national average of 85.5%.It recorded the 13th highest number of institutional deliveries among all states and UTs with ~84% children delivered in hospitals in 2015–16. [National Family Health Survey of 2015-16][14]It ranks at 22nd among all states with regards to vaccination coverage. [National Family Health Survey 2015–16][15]It recorded among the low incidence of obesity, ranking at 20th for both males and females among all states and UTs. At the same time, it shows high incidence of underweight people, ranking at 3rd and 10th for males and females respectively. [National Family Health Survey 2005–06][16]Census 2011 recorded 97% households having toilet availability in the state [Census 2011][17][18][19]Economy —It is India’s 9th largest economy in terms of GSDP.[20]It recorded 10th lowest unemployment among all states and UTs with ~5% population unemployed as of 2017–18. [Labour Force Survey 2017–18][21]It recorded 15th highest tax revenues among all states (with Delhi included) for 2010–15 [Report of 13th Finance Commission 2010–15]It ranked at 9th among the states and UTs for ease of doing business in 2018.[22][23]With regards to vehicle ownership, it ranked at 16th among all states and UTs with 130 vehicles per 1000 people [ Road Transport Yearbook 2011-2012 published by MRTH][24]The state, as of 2014, recorded the 2nd longest National Highway coverage (7806 km) and 7th longest State Highway coverage (~10,450 km).[25]Major Cities —Jaipur[26] — capital, largest city and most populous city → Pink CityJodhpur[27] — 2nd largest cityMy answers on Rajasthan can be found here: Aditya Garg’s answers on RajasthanNatureIt features among the states with the least forest cover, albeit showing a slight increase in the forest coverage. The natural vegetation is classed as Northern Desert Thorn Forest. These occur in small clumps scattered in a more or less open form.Concerns are present for the over-exploitation of Aravalli range, including unorganized urbanization and illegal mining — the range is a major geographical feature of the state.Protected Areas:Ranthambore National Park (Hindi: रणथम्भौर राष्ट्रीय उद्यान) in Sawai Madhopur[28] —This national park was established as Sawai Madhopur Game Sanctuary by Indian government in 1955, and became part of Project Tiger in 1973. It became a national park in 1980. In 1984, the adjacent forests were declared Sawai Man Singh Sanctuary and Keladevi Sanctuary, and in 1991 the tiger reserve was enlarged to include Sawai Man Singh and Keladevi sanctuaries.Economic valuation of the tiger reserve estimated that its flow benefits are worth 8.3 billion rupees (0.56 lakh/hectare) annually. Gene-pool protection services (7.11 billion), provisioning of water to the neighbouring region (115 million) and provisioning of habitat and refugia for wildlife (182 million) were some of the important services that emanated from the tiger reserve. Other services included nutrient cycling (34 million) and sequestration of carbon (69 million).Unfortunately, the park’s main attraction, its tiger population is showing a decline due to poaching.[29]The park’s tigress Machli (T16)[30] became the longest living wild tigress recorded, living to the age of 20 years. She played a key role in the regeneration of the tiger population in the park in the early 2000s, and was celebrated with titles such as Queen Mother of Tigers, Tigress Queen of Ranthambore, Lady of the Lakes, and Crocodile Killer.→ Machli [Source: File:Machli (tigress)2.jpg - Wikipedia]→ A panoramic view of Ranthambhore NP from Ranthambhore Fort. [Source: File:Ranthanbore panaroma.JPG - Wikipedia]Sariska Tiger Reserve in Alwar[31] —The erstwhile hunting area of Alwar state was declared a wildlife reserve in 1955. It was made a tiger reserve in 1978. The wildlife sanctuary was declared a national park in 1990.In 2004, poaching led to complete disappearance of tigers from the reserve, prompting CBI investigations, and subsequent relocation of tigers from Ranthambore through cooperation between state & central governments and Wildlife Institute of India.[32] The problems were exacerbated due to poisoning and subsequent death of Dara, the first relocated tiger.→ Tiger with collar for tracking and monitoring [Source: File:The Last Hunter 2.jpg - Wikipedia]Desert National Park near Jaisalmer and Barmer[33] —Desert National Park exhibits desert ecosystem, with plenty of sand dunes. It has a collection of fossils of animals and plants of 180 million years old. Some fossils of dinosaurs of 6 million years old have been found in the area→ Gadsisar [Source: File:Gadsisar Lake Sunset.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Sams Sand Dunes [Source: File:A view on Sams sand dunes.JPG - Wikipedia]Keoladeo Ghana National Park in Bharatpur[34] —A UNESCO World Heritage Site and a Ramsar Convention Site, it is one of the most important bird sanctuaries in India. The reserve protects Bharatpur from frequent floods and provides grazing grounds for village cattle.Named after the local Śiva temple called Keoladeo, it was the hunting grounds of Bharatpur royals. It was declared a protected sanctuary in 1971. It was declared a national park in 1982, and in the same year, grazing was also banned in the park.Local observers have noted the shrinking of habitat for aquatic plant species in the Keoladeo National Park in Bharatpur, Rajasthan, northern India, after a number of years of drought and upstream water abstraction. The park is in danger of being removed as a Ramsar Site as well as UNESCO World Heritage Site, due to severe drought and abandoning of the park midway by nesting birds in the year 2007.[35]Rivers:Rivers in Rajasthan are almost all endorheic i.e. they disappear into the ground instead of meeting the sea/ocean.Banas River system[36] —Banas (hope of forests) is a seasonal river that drains into Chambal river. It rises in Veron ka Math situated in Khamnor Hills of Aravalli. Its tributaries include Menali, Berach, Kothari, Khari, Dai, Dheel, Sohadara, Morel and Kalisil.Source: File:Banas River Near Kota 2.jpg - WikipediaWest Banas River[37] —Rising in Sirohi district section of Aravalli, the river drains the valley between Mount Abu and eastern Aravalli. It empties into Little Rann of Kachchh in Gujarat.Source: File:West banas.JPG - WikipediaLuni (also known as Lonari, Lavanavari, Lavanavati; Salty river)[38] —Rising as Sagarmati in Pushkar valley, the river is called Luni after the tributary Sarasvati (rising from Pushkar lake) is met with in Govindgarh.An artificial lake, Jaswant Sagar is located on the river, commissioned in 1982 by king Jaswant Singh.[39]Thar Desert:[40]Source: File:Thar desert Rajasthan India.jpg - WikipediaThar, at 200,000 km[math]^2[/math], is the 19th largest desert and 9th largest subtropical desert in the world. ~85% of it lies in India, and rest in Pakistan. As well, ~60% of it lies in Rajasthan alone. The desert comprises a very dry part, the Marusthali region in the west, and a semi-desert region in the east with fewer sand dunes and slightly more precipitation.There are multiple salt water lakes in the desert — they collect rainwater, while the salt comes from weathering of rocks by the same rainwater and by wind erosion. The salt lakes include Sambhar, Pachpadra and Lunkaransar.→ Below: Huts in the desert [Source: File:House in the Thar.JPG - Wikipedia]→ Khejri tree [Source: File:Khejri.jpg - Wikipedia]Sambhar Lake:[41]Sambhar is India’s largest inland salt lake. It surrounds Sambhar lake town[42]. The lake receives rainwater, and is also riverfed by Medtha, Samaod, Mantha, Roopangarh, Khari and Khandela rivers.Sambhar Salt Limited produces salt from the lake through brine evaporation. The lake is a major contributor of Rajasthan’s salt production.Source: File:Lake Sambhar.jpg - WikipediaAravalli:[43]Source: File:Aravalli.jpg - WikipediaAravalli stretch from Delhi and Haryana in north to Rajasthan and Gujarat in south, with a major portion lying in Rajasthan. They’re India’s oldest fold mountains[44]. They were formed due to crumpling and rising of continental shelf of Indian Plate as part of Aravalli-Delhi Orogen[45].Aravalli are rich in biodiversity, and as such, in May 1992, some parts of the range in Rajasthan and Haryana were protected from mining through Ecologically Sensitive Areas clauses of Indian laws. In 2003, central government of India prohibited mining operations in these areas. In 2004, India's Supreme Court banned mining in the notified areas of Aravalli.Despite these steps, the range is largely unprotected physically, and is bisected by urban areas and roads.Arbudanchal a.k.a. Mount Abu[46][47]:—Mount Abu is a hill station as well a range of mountains; the range is more specifically referred to as Arbudanchal or Arbuda range. Mount Abu is Rajasthan’s only hill station, and the site of Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary, as well as Achalgarh fort, Dilwara Jain temples and Datta temple.The mountains are the location of Guru Shikhar[48], the highest point of Aravalli, at 1772m height. On this peak, lie cave temples dedicated to Datta (variously described as incarnation of Viṣṇu or as combined incarnation of Brahmā, Viṣṇu and Śiva) and his mother Anusūyā. Mt. Abu InfraRed Observatory[49], operated by Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad is also located on Guru Shikhar.Mount Abu is believed to be the original abode of Gurjars and Agnivanshi Rajputs.→ View of Aravalli as seen from Guru Shikhar [Source: File:Arbuda Mountains.JPG - Wikipedia]→ Panoramic view of Nakki Lake[50] in Arbudanchal. [Source: File:Nakki Lake(Suresh Godara).JPG - Wikipedia]Education and LiteracyThe state has made tremendous efforts in improving literacy, and has seen the highest improvement in literacy rate over the decade from 1991 to 2001. In 1991, the state's literacy rate was only 38.55% (54.99% male and 20.44% female). In 2001, the literacy rate increased to 60.41% (75.70% male and 43.85% female).Higher Education:Arid Forest Research Institute (शुष्क वन अनुसंधान संस्थान), Jodhpur[51][52] —AFRI is one of the institutes of the Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education (ICFRE)[53] working under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Govt. of India. The objective of the institute is to carry out scientific research in forestry in order to provide technologies to increase the vegetative cover and to conserve the biodiversity in the hot arid and semi arid regions of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Dadara & Nagar Haveli. It was established in 1988.Source: Arid Forest Research InstituteCentral Arid Zone Research Institute (केन्द्रीय शुष्क क्षेत्र अनुसन्धान संस्थान), Jodhpur[54] —CAZRI is one of the largest research institutes of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), an autonomous organization working under the aegis of Department of Agriculture Research and Education (DARE) of Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare of Government of India. It was established in 1959.The institute conducts multi-disciplinary research to seek solutions to the problems of farming in arid regions of the country. The hot arid zone covers about 32 million ha area in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, while the cold arid zone, covering about 7 million ha area, is located in Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.Several need-based, cost effective technologies like sand dune stabilization, wind erosion control, water management, grassland improvement, watershed development, rehabilitation of wastelands, arid land farming systems, arid horticulture, alternate land use strategies, pest management, solar devices, etc. have been developed and transferred to farmers and other stakeholders.This institute has the rare distinction in having a full-fledged section on renewable energy and has developed many solar energy based gadgets/devices, like animal feed cooker, dryers, water heaters, candle making device, cool chambers, etc., which are finding place in rural households. Agro-voltaic system of 105 kW capacity has been developed at Jodhpur integrating crop production, photovoltaic-based electricity generation and rainwater harvesting. The institute has evolved technologies and strategies for combating drought and desertification.→ Sand dune stabilization — prevents the spread of desert. [Source: File:Sand dune stabilization.jpg - Wikipedia]Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani[55][56] —Perhaps the most famous educational institute in Rajasthan, the institute is located in Pilani town in Jhunjhunu district. The institute is one among the 6 Indian 'Institutes of Eminence' recognized by the Government of India in 2018.[57]The institute was established in its present form in 1964. During this period, the institute's transformation from a regional engineering college to a national university was backed by Ghanshyam Das Birla.Source: File:BITS Pilani-Logo.svg - Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:BITS_Pilani-Logo.svg)Kota:[58]The 3rd most populous city of the state and 46th most populous of the country, Kota is most famous for being a coaching hub for engineering and medical entrance exams, most notably JEE and NEET.The city in unfortunately also infamous for student suicides, recording 45 suicides in 2014 and 17 in 2017.{See: List of institutions of higher education in Rajasthan - Wikipedia}Observatories:Jantar Mantar at Jaipur[59] —Jantar Mantar is a collection of 19 architectural astronomical instruments built by the Rajput king Jai Singh II[60], the founder of Jaipur. The monument was completed in 1734. It features the world's largest stone sundial, and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is located near City Palace and Hawa Mahal. The instruments allow the observation of astronomical positions with the naked eye. The observatory is an example of the Ptolemaic positional astronomy which was shared by many civilizations.The monument features instruments operating in each of the 3 main classical celestial coordinate systems: the horizon-zenith local system, the equatorial system, and the ecliptic system. Kapala Yantraprakara is one that works in 2 systems and allows transformation of the coordinates directly from one system to the other.→ Laghu Samrat Yantra — the smaller sundial at the monument, inclined at 27 degrees, to measure time, less accurate than Vrihat Samrat Yantra, the larger sundial [Source: File:Laghu samrat yantra.JPG - Wikipedia]→ Unnatamsa Yantra — a metal ring divided into 4 segments by horizontal and vertical lines, with a hole in the middle; the position and orientation of the instrument allows measurement of the altitude of celestial bodies.[Source: File:Unnatamsa Yantra.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Yantra Raj — a 2.43m bronze astrolabe, one of the largest in the world, used only once a year, calculates the Hindu calendar [Source: File:Yantra Raj.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Jai Prakash Yantra — 2 hemispherical bowl-based sundial with marked marble slabs that map inverted image of sky and allows the observer to move inside the instrument, measures altitudes, azimuths, hour angles, and declinations [Source: File:JaiPrakashYantraJaipur20080213-3.jpg - Wikipedia]Udaipur Solar Observatory (USO)[61] —It is located on an island in Fateh Sagar. The sky conditions at Udaipur are quite favourable for solar observations. Since the observatory is situated amidst a large mass of water, air turbulence which occurs due to ground heating by sun's rays is decreased. This improves the image quality and accuracy (average between 1-2 arc seconds).It is managed by Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad.Source: File:Udaipur observatory.jpg - WikipediaMount Abu InfraRed Observatory (MIRO)[62] —MIRO sits at 1680m height and adjacent to Guru Shikhar in Arbudanchal. The 1.2m infrared telescope called PARAS[63] is the 1st major facility in India specifically designed for ground-based, infrared observations of celestial objects. Further the low amount of precipitable water vapour (1–2 mm during winter) at Guru Shikhar makes it a good site for the infrared telescope observations.Source: File:Mount Abu Observatory.JPG - WikipediaMuseums:Jaisalmer Government Museum, Jaisalmer —Established by Department of Archaeology and Museums of, it is a prime attraction for tourists visiting Jaisalmer. The most striking display is the trophy of Rajasthan's state bird Godawan (great Indian bustard). Traditional household items, rock-cut crockery, jewellery and statues from 7th-9th century CE displayed here are remnants of the city’s rich cultural heritage.→ The museum building [Source: Jaisalmer Tourism, Places to Visit in Jaisalmer, Fort Rajwada, Brys Fort - Rajasthan Tourism]Jaisalmer War Museum, Jaisalmer[64] —War Museum was conceived by Lieutenant General Bobby Mathews, General Officer Commanding, Desert Corps and constructed by Desert Corps of Indian Army. It displays war exhibits which include vehicles and equipment captured during the course of operations in 1965 and 1971. It has an Honour Wall engraved with names of Param Vir Chakra and Maha Vir Chakra gallantry award winners, 2 large Information Display Halls - Indian Army Hall and Laungewala Hall, an Audio Visual Room, a souvenir shop and a cafeteria. A Hunter Aircraft of Indian Air Force, which destroyed enemy tank columns during Battle of Laungewala is also displayed.Kamra Khas in Bharatpur Palace, Bharatpur —Kamra Khas in contains a vast number of antiques, over 581 stone sculptures, 861 local art and craft wares and ancient scriptures that depict the art and culture typical of Bharatpur.→ A view of the palace [Source: Bharatpur Tourism: Places to Visit in Bharatpur | Tourist Places- Rajasthan Tourism]Central Museum (Albert Museum) in Jaipur, Jaipur district —The building gets its name from Victoria and Albert Museum in London, the inspiration for its design. The exquisitely built Albert Hall is housed in the centre of Ram Niwas Garden. Swinton Jacob (the mastermind behind many other palaces in Rajasthan) conceptualised and designed it using styles from Mughal-Gothic and Rajasthani architecture and the then Prince of Wales laid the foundation stone of the building in 1876.The museum displays a wide range of metal objects, wood crafts, carpets, stone and metal sculptures, arms and weapons, natural stones and ivory goods. It also houses a large collection of miniatures from Bundi, Kota, Kishangarh, Udaipur and Jaipur schools of art.→ [Source: Jaipur Tourism: Places to Visit, Sightseeing, Trip to Jaipur- Rajasthan Tourism]Economy[65]Rajasthan in the 7th largest economy by GSDP, with most of its labor force finding occupation in services and agriculture.It is a mineral-rich state and has a diversified economy having agriculture, mining and tourism as its main engines of growth. The state mines produce gold, silver, sandstone, limestone, marble, rock phosphate, copper and lignite.Agriculture:Rajasthan is largest producer of rapeseed, bajra, mustard and wool, 2nd largest producer of oilseeds, spices and milk and 3rd largest producer of soya bean and coarse cereals in India.Saras milk product brand of Rajasthan Co-operative Milk Producer Union has its outlets in Jaipur and New Delhi.→ Bajra field [Source: File:Grain millet, early grain fill, Tifton, 7-3-02.jpg - Wikipedia]Indira Gandhi Canal[66] —It is the longest canal in India, and is fed from Satluj, Beas and Ravi rivers. The idea of bringing the waters from Himalayan Rivers flowing through Punjab and into Pakistan was conceived by an hydraulic engineer, Kanwar Sain in the late 1940s who proposed that 20,000km[math]^2[/math] of desert land in Bikaner and the northwest corner of Jaisalmer could be brought under irrigation from the stored waters of Punjab rivers. In 1960, Indus Water Treaty was signed between India and Pakistan which gave India the right to use waters of three rivers – Satluj, Beas and Ravi. The proposed Rajasthan Canal envisaged use of 7.6 million acre feet of water.Indira Gandhi Canal is a major step in reclaiming the Thar Desert and checking desertification of fertile areas. There is a planting programme for greening the desert in areas near the which was started in 1965. This consists of the planting of shelter belts along roads and canals, blocks of plantations and sand dune stabilization.Downfalls :—Unfortunately, the canal does have its downfalls. The excessive irrigation and intensification of agriculture over the years has caused environmental degradation and creation of new wastelands. There are problems with water-logging caused by excessive irrigation, seepage from canals and poor drainage. These factors produce a rise in the water table, increased salinity and finally submergence of the land. These problems are exacerbated by the cultivation of water intensive crops.Mining:Mining has been a major occupation in the state for a long time.The state contributes almost complete share of national production of wollastonite, jasper and zinc. As well, it is the largest producer of fluorite, gypsum, marble, asbestos, soapstone, lead concentrate, phosphates, ball clay, calcite, sandstone, limestone and feldspar. It is also the largest cement producer in India. The state also contributes to 1/10th of the country’s total salt production.Hindustan Zinc Limited (HZL)[67][68] —HZL is an integrated zinc, lead, cadmium and silver mining and production company. It is headquartered in Udaipur. A subsidiary of Vedanta PLC, it is the world’s 2nd largest zinc producer and operated the world’s 3rd largest open pit mine - Rampura Agucha[69] in Bhilwara district.Makrana Marble[70] —Makrana Marble is a high quality white marble mined in Makrana town. Makrana marble was given the geographical indication status in 2015 by the Geographical Indication Registry, Chennai.[71]Makrana marble was used in construction of various famous buildings including Dilwara Jain Temples, Birla Temple of Jaipur, Victoria Memorial of Kolkata, Taj Mahal of Agra, Dukhnivaran Sahib Gurdwara of Ludhiana, Moti Masjid of Lahore, Sheikh Zayed Mosque of Abu Dhabi, UAE etc.The present rate of marble production from Makrana is 19.20 million tonnes per year with an annual revenue of rupees (INR) 20036 crore. Per capita income is INR 50,000, which is much higher than national average of INR 46,000. It is the richest municipality in Rajasthan. Makrana is source of employment to more than 100,000 people from about 200 surrounding villages.TransportationAirways:Jaipur International Airport[72][73] —The 11th busiest airport in India, it has been declared as World's Best Airport in the category of 2 to 5 million passengers per annum for 2015 & 2016 according to Airports Council International.[74] One terminal handles solely cargo, while the other handles domestic and international civilian flights.Other airports of Rajasthan are Jodhpur Airport, Maharana Pratap Airport at Udaipur, Kishangarh Airport at Ajmer, Nal Air Force Station (Bikaner)’s civil enclave and Jaisalmer Airport.Railways:Palace on Wheels[75] —Logo [Source: File:Palace on Wheels logo.gif - Wikipedia]Source: File:Palace on Wheels Jaipur.jpg - WikipediaPalace on Wheels is luxury tourist train started on 1982 by Indian Railways in association with Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation to promote and develop tourism in Rajasthan. The train is India’s 1st luxury tourist train.The train service was refurbished and relaunched in August 2009 with a new decor, itinerary and cuisine.[76]Royal Rajasthan on Wheels[77] —Logo [Source: File:Royal Rajasthan on Wheels logo.jpg - Wikipedia]Modeled on the aforementioned Palace on Wheels, this luxury tourist train was launched in 2009. Tourists are taken to several important tourist, wildlife and heritage sites across Rajasthan.[78]Thar Link Express[79] —Thar Link Express is the Indian operated portion of Thar Express international railway line. Thar Express runs to and from Jodhpur and Karachi, of which the the Indian part operates to and from Jodhpur and Munabao.It is a weekly train operated by Jodhpur railways division of North-Western Railways Zone of Indian Railways.DancesGhoomar:[80]Ghoomar is a traditional folk dance originating with Bhil tribals and subsequently adopted by other Rajasthani communities. It involved veiled women in flowing dresses called ghaghara pirouetting while moving in and out of a wide circle.Kalbeliya:[81]Kalbeliya is a traditional folk dance performed by the eponymous tribe. The dancers are women in flowing black skirts who dance and swirl, replicating the movements of a serpent. The upper body cloth is called Angrakhi and a piece of cloth worn on head known as Odhani similarly the lower body cloth is called Lengha. All these clothes are mixed in red and black hues and embroidered in such a way that when these dancers perform these clothes represent a combination of colours soothing to eyes as well as to the atmosphere.ArchitectureRajasthan is abound with magnificent architectural marvels.→ Forts of Rajasthan ←See:Aditya Garg (आदित्य गर्ग)'s answer to How many total forts are present in Rajasthan?Aditya Garg (आदित्य गर्ग)'s answer to How many forts are there in Jaipur?Hill Forts of Rajasthan:[82]The 6 hill forts of Rajasthan, built by various rulers between 5th and 18th centuries CE collectively form a UNESCO World Heritage Site.The forts comprise the following:Chittorgarh[83][84] in the eponymous cityKumbhalgarh[85] in the eponymous cityRanthambore Fort[86] in Ranthambore National Park, Sawai MadhopurGagron Fort[87] in JhalawarAmer Fort[88] in JaipurJaisalmer Fort[89] in JaisalmerChittorgarh —Chittorgarh (Chittor Fort) is one the largest forts in India, and formed the capital of Mewar kingdom[90]. The original fortification is variously attributed to a local ruler Chitrangada Maurya or the legendary hero Bhīma of Mahābhārata.The name of the place derives from Citrakūta + gr̥ha, where ‘Citrakūta’, meaning beautiful place became Chittor, while ‘gr̥ha’ meaning home became garh and assumed the meaning of fort.→ A view of Chittorgarh. Gaumukh (Cow’s face) reservoir and Vijaya Stambha (Pillar of victory) are visible [Source: File:Chittorgarh fort.JPG - Wikipedia]→ Jain Kirti Stambha — a 22m high tower built by Jija Bakarwala for glory of Jain tradition. [Source: File:Kirti stambha.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Vijaya Stambha — a 37m high tower built to commemorate king Kumbhakarna Singh Sisodia’s victory over Mahmud Khilji [Source: File:Victory tower.jpg - Wikipedia]See: Sieges of Chittorgarh - Siege of Chittorgarh (1303) - Wikipedia, Siege of Chittorgarh (1535) - Wikipedia, Siege of Chittorgarh (1567–1568) - WikipediaKumbhalgarh —Kumbhalgarh or Kumbhal Fort was built by king Kumbhakarna Singh Sisodia of Mewar in 15th century CE, although the origin of the base fortifications in uncertain. The fort is surrounded by Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary.The fortification forms the 3rd longest fortification in the world at 38km (after Great Wall of China (~21000km) and Great Wall of Gorgon, Iran (~195km).→ Aerial view of Kumbhalgarh [Source: File:Aerial view of Kumbhalgarh.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Ram Pol (Rāma Gate) of the fort [Source: File:Ram Pol.jpg - Wikipedia]→ 52 Chhatri Jain temple in the fort [Source: File:Jain Temple Kumbhalgarh.jpg - Wikipedia]Ranthambore Fort —The fort lies in Ranthambore National Park. Its name derives from Raṇastambhapura (रणस्तम्भपुर​). The place used to be an important Jain site.→ The fort [Source: File:Ranthambhore Fort.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Ranthambore Jain Temple [Source: File:Ranthambore Fort Jain Temple.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Rock art [Source: File:Fine rock art at Ranthambhore Fort.jpg - Wikipedia]Gagron Fort —Gagron Fort is a type of hill fort and fort fort combination. It is situated on a hill near a river. A mausoleum of Sufi Saint Mitthe Shah just outside the fort is the venue for an annual colourful fair held during the month of Moharram. There is also a monastery of Saint Pipaji across the confluence.Source: Jhalawar Tourism: Tourist Places in Jhalawar - Rajasthan TourismAmer Fort —The original fortification was built by king Alan Singh Mīṇā in ~10th century CE, and over its remains was built the fortification by king Māna Singh Kacavāhā. It was later expanded by his descendant Jaya Singh Kacavāhā I. The fort is located on Cheel ka Teela (Kite hill) in Aravalli.→ Amer Fort overlooking Maota Lake[91] , its main water supply [Source: File:Amber Fort (आमेर का किला ).jpg - Wikipedia]→ Amer Fort — panoramic view [Source: File:Amerpalace.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Maota Lake and Kesar Kyari island within [Source: File:Maota Lake.JPG - Wikipedia]→ Ganesh Pol [Source: File:Amer Fort Entrance.jpg - Wikipedia]Jaisalmer Fort —Jaisalmer Fort is one the very few inhabited forts in the world; ~ 1/4th of the city’s population resides in the fort. It is situated on Trikuta Hill and takes its name from after king Jayasal Bhāṭī[92] . {Jaisalmer means Jayasal’s hill} It is the 2nd oldest fort in Rajasthan.→ Jaisalmer Fort [Source: File:Jaisalmer forteresse.jpg - Wikipedia]Mehrangarh:[93]Source: File:Mehrangarh Fort.jpg - WikipediaMehrangarh was built in 1459 by Jodha Rathore[94], the ruler of Mandore[95] and the founder of Jodhpur, and lies 125m above Jodhpur. The original fortifications date to the reign of Jaswant Singh Rathore of Marwar. Mehrangarh houses one the most well-stocked museum in Rajasthan.Within the fort are several brilliantly crafted and decorated palaces. These include, Moti Mahal (Pearl Palace), Phool Mahal (Flower Palace), Sheesha Mahal (Mirror Palace), Sileh Khana and Daulat Khana. The museum houses a collection of palanquins, howdahs, royal cradles, miniatures, musical instruments, costumes, and furniture. The ramparts of the fort house preserved old cannon (including the famous Kilkila), and provided a breath-taking view of the city.→ Kilkila cannon [Source: File:Kilkila cannon.jpg - Wikipedia]Turban Gallery —Turban gallery in Mehrangarh Museum seeks to preserve, document and display the many different types of turbans once prevalent in Rajasthan; every community, region, and festival having had its own head-gear.Jhalawar Fort:Jhalawar Fort is situated in centre of Jhalawar, Jhalawar district. It was built by the then king Madan Singh, and his successors added beautiful paintings inside the rooms.→ [Source: Jhalawar Tourism: Tourist Places in Jhalawar - Rajasthan Tourism]Jhalawar Government MuseumJhalawar Government Museum is one of the oldest museums in Rajasthan established in 1915, and has a fine collection of rare paintings, manuscripts and idols. The museum is in the middle of the city and is a part of Jhalawar Fort.{See: List of forts in India#Rajasthan - Wikipedia}→ Palaces ←City Palace of Udaipur:[96]City Palace was constructed during the reign of several rulers of Mewar, starting in 1553 CE with the reign of Udai Singh Sisodia II[97], the founder of Udaipur. The palace is located on east bank of Lake Pichola[98], an artificial fresh water lake, created in the year 1362 CE, named after the nearby Picholi village.→ City Palace facade [Source: File:City Palace Udaipur Front.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Lake Pichola. The lake has 4 islands — Jag Niwas, Jag Mandir, Mohan Mandir and Arsi Vilas [Source: File:Udaipur Lake India.JPG - Wikipedia]→ Lily Pond in Jag Niwas (Taj Lake palace) [Source: File:Lily Pond at the Lake Palace, Udaipur.jpg - Wikipedia]Umaid Bhawan Palace, Jodhpur:[99]The largest palace in Rajasthan and one the largest residences in the world, it was built to provide employment to local population during the severe famine affecting the region during the reign of king Umaid Singh Rathore. Its architect was Henry Vaughan Lanchester[100]. Lanchester patterned the Umaid Palace on the lines of the New Delhi building complex by adopting the theme of domes and columns.The then owner of the palace Gaj Singh Rathore II[101] converted part of the palace to a hotel in 1971, now managed by Taj Hotels.[102]→ Panoramic view [Source: File:Umaid Bhawan Palace.jpg - Wikipedia]{See: List of palaces in Rajasthan - Wikipedia}→ Temples ←Jagdish Temple, Udaipur:[103]Jagdish temple is dedicated to Jagannātha (Lord of the universe) form of Viṣṇu. The presiding deity’s icon is a monolithic statue made of black stone.The temple has a 3-storied hall attached to a 2-storied sanctum in a multi-spired sanctum tower. The lower 2 stories have windows, while uppermost story is tucked in bellroof. The sanctum tower has 2 non-functional stories above the sanctum stories as well.[Source: File:Jagdish Temple Udaipur.jpg - Wikipedia]Dilwara Jain Temples:Dilwara Jain Temples are located near Mount Abu, in Sirohi. They’re 5 temples, having intricate marble carvings, and are dedicated to various Jain tirthankaras.Vimal Vasahi, dedicated to the 1st Jain Tirthankara, R̥ṣabha (ऋषभ​) — carved entirely out of white marble in 1031 CE. It was designed by Vimal Shah, minister of king Bhima Chalukya I of GujaratPittalhar temple, also dedicated to R̥ṣabha — built by Bhāma Shah, a minister of king Mahmud Shah I of Ahmedabad. The statue of R̥ṣabha is casted from 5 metals with main metal being brass (pittal) hence the name.Luna Vasahi, dedicated to the 22nd Jain Tīrthaṅkara, Nēmī (नेमी) — built in 1230 by two Porwad brothers - Vastupal and Tejpal - both ministers of king Virdhaval Vaghela of Gujarat. It was designed after Vimal Vasahi, an named after the ministers’ late brother Luna.Parshvanath temple, dedicated to the 23rd Jain Tīrthaṅkara, Pārśva (पार्श्व​) — consists of a 3-story building, the tallest of all the shrines at Dilwara. On all the 4 faces of the sanctum on the ground floor are four big halls. It was built by Mandlik and his family in 1458-59 CE.Mahavir Swami temple, dedicated to last Jain Tīrthaṅkara, Mahāvīra (महावीर​) — a small structure constructed in 1582 CE. It has marvellous carvings on its walls.→ Pittalhar Temple [Source: File:Dilwara Pittalhar Temple.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Parshvanath Temple [Source: File:Dilwara Prashvantha Temple (2).jpg - Wikipedia]→ Interior of Luna Vasahi [Source: File:Dilwara Temple - Luna Vasahi.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Kalpavr̥kṣa image [Source: File:Kalpavruksha page.jpg - Wikipedia]Damages and Repairs —In 1311 CE, the temples were extensively damaged by Alā-ud-dīn Khaljī. Following this, the first repairs were done in 1321 CE by Bijag and Lalag of Mandore. In 1906 CE, Lallubhai Jaichand of Patan had the temples repaired and reconsecrated, under the supervision of a monk named Hemasagar.Anandji Kalyanji Trust[104] funded extensive repairs during 1950–1965, the work being undertaken by Amritlal Mulshankar Trivedi firm.Ranakpur Jain temple complex:[105][106]Ranakpur Jain temple complex comprises of following temples:Chaturmukha Dharana Vihara — The largest temple of the group, dedicated to R̥ṣabha. Darna Shah, a local Jain businessperson, started construction of the temple in 15th century. It is built using white marble. The presiding deity’s icon, a ~2m tall statue of R̥ṣabha has 4 faces in 4 directions.Suparshvanath temple — dedicated to Suparśva the 7th Jain Tīrthaṅkara.Surya temple — dedicated to Sūrya, the deity of sun, it dates back to 13th century CE. After its destruction, it was rebuilt in 15th century CE.Sethi ki Badi Mandir — temple belonging to Śvētāmbara sect of Jainism.Chougan ka mandir→ Chaturmukha Dharana Vihara [Source: File:Jain Temple Ranakpur.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Suparshvanath Temple [Source: File:Ranakpur-Suparshavanath Temple-20131012.jpg - Wikipedia]Baroli Temples Complex:[107]Baroli Temple Complex is a collection of 9 temples built during Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty ~10th century CE. They are situated in Rawatbhata in Chittorgarh district.→ Ghateshvar Mahadev temple — The largest of the temples. The hall called Shringar Chauri is a later addition, while the main entrance hall and sanctum tower comprise the original structure. [Source: File:Baroli temple.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Shiv Temple in temple tank [Source: File:Boroli Temple Complex7.jpg - Wikipedia]→ Stepwells ←Chand Baori:[108]Chand Baori is a stepwell in Abhaneri village. Its oldest parts date back to 8th century CE, while upper stories were built in 18th century CE. It consists of 3,500 narrow steps over 13 stories. It extends approximately 30m into the ground, making it one of the deepest and largest stepwells in India. At the bottom of the well, the air remains 5-6 degrees cooler than at the surface, hence, Chand Baori was used as a community gathering place for locals during periods of intense heat. One side of the well has a pavilion and resting room for the royals.Source: File:Abhaneri (Chand Baori).jpg - WikipediaSource: File:Aabhaneri.jpg - WikipediaNeemrana Baori in Neemrana, Alwar district:Neemrana Baori consists of 9 stories, each with a height of ~6m. It is built more like a fortress and has no carvings. The ground floor has collonaded opening from which there are steps to descend to lower stories.→ [Source: Alwar Tourism: Places to Visit in Alwar, Neemrana Fort, Tijara Fort Palace - Rajasthan Tourism]→ Mansion ←Many beautiful mansion, commonly known as Haveli, can be found in Rajasthan.Nathmal Ji ki Haveli:2 architect brothers built Nathmal Ji Ki Haveli in 19th century CE. They worked on the mansion from 2 sides and the outcome is a beautiful blend of the symmetrical construction. Miniature style paintings and male elephants carved out of yellow sandstone are used for decoration.Source: Jaisalmer Tourism, Places to Visit in Jaisalmer, Fort Rajwada, Brys Fort - Rajasthan TourismSalim Singh ki Haveli:This mansion was built in early-18th century CE and a part of it is still occupied by descendants of the original residents. The high arched roof is supported by carved brackets designed in the shape of peacocks.Source: Jaisalmer Tourism, Places to Visit in Jaisalmer, Fort Rajwada, Brys Fort - Rajasthan TourismPatwon ki Haveli:Among the largest and the most elaborately carved mansions in Jaisalmer, this 5-storied structure sits in a narrow street. While it has lost some of its early glory, a few paintings and mirror work art can still be seen on the inside walls.Source: Jaisalmer Tourism, Places to Visit in Jaisalmer, Fort Rajwada, Brys Fort - Rajasthan Tourism→ Other places ←Bada Bagh/Bara Bagh[109] in Jaisalmer —Bada Bagh (Big Garden) refers the place where the cenotaphs of kings of Jaisalmer lie, including Jai Singh II.→ A view of Bada Bagh [Source: Jaisalmer Tourism, Places to Visit in Jaisalmer, Fort Rajwada, Brys Fort - Rajasthan Tourism]Fateh Jung Gumbad in Alwar —Fateh Jung Gumbad is a domed building dedicated to minister Fateh Jung of Mughal emperor Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram. The structure is constructed in a blend of Rajasthani and Mughal architecture.→ [Source: Alwar Tourism: Places to Visit in Alwar, Neemrana Fort, Tijara Fort Palace - Rajasthan Tourism]Artificial Water ReservoirsRajasthan, on account of its aridity and water scarcity, saw the development of a lot of water conservation structures.The high aridity and consequent lack of water prompted the adoption of rainwater harvesting and groundwater harvesting structures. One such type of structure, stepwells, later developed into examples of exquisite architecture instead just serving a water retention function. [An example being Chand Baori is described above]Taanka:[110]Taanka is a cylindrical underground rainwater storage cistern usually 3.05 m × 3.05m in size, wherein rainwater from rooftops, a courtyard or natural or artificially prepared catchment flows into the paved pit, through filtered inlets made on the external wall of the structure, where it is stored and can be used by one family during the dry season. Once fully filled, the water is sufficient for a family of 5-6 members for a period of 5–6 months, and saves it from everyday’s water-fetching-drudgery.The technique was largely abandoned in later 20th century CE as pipes lines or hand pumps were laid to transport water from Indira Gandhi Canal to their houses, though some houses still maintain the tanks since they do not like the taste of tap water, it was when faced with drought-like situations, inadequate supplies of piped water on the account of growing population, which also resulted in depleted or contaminated ground water, this traditional method was revived, along with other traditional rainwater harvesting structures like Naadi, a village pond and Beri, a small rainwater-collecting wells, especially for supplying drinking waterSource: File:Rainwater harvesting tank, India.jpg - WikipediaDam reservoirs:Jaisamand/Dhebar Lake[111] —It is a marble dam built across Gomati river by king Jaya Singh Sisōdiā of Udaipur in 17th century CE. At 87km[math]^2[/math] area when full, it forms the 2nd largest artificial lake in India (after Gobind Vallabh Pant Sagar in UP). It is surrounded by Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary.There are 3 islands in Jaisamand, and the tribe of Bhil Minas inhabits all. The two bigger islands are known as Baba ka Magra and the smaller island is called Piari.Source: File:Jaisamandlake.jpg - WikipediaGadsisar —Constructed in 14th century CE by Gadsi Singh and named after him (Gadsisar means Gadsi’s lake), it was constructed keeping the view the needs of the arid lands ruled by him.Considering its importance, many small temples and shrines were constructed around it, transforming it into a pilgrimage centre and a tourist attraction.→ A view of the lake [Source: Jaisalmer Tourism, Places to Visit in Jaisalmer, Fort Rajwada, Brys Fort - Rajasthan Tourism]Sethani Ka Johara —It was built in 1899 by the widow of Bhagwan Das Bagla as part of the famine relief projects that the merchants financed in those terrible years of the close of the century. It is perhaps the finest johara (reservoir) in the area in that it is not only attractive but also efficient, holding a store of water, often from one monsoon to the next.→ [Source: Shekhawati Tourism: Places to visit in Shekhawati - Rajasthan Tourism]Stepwells:Birkha Bawari:A much recent addition to stepwells of Rajasthan, the well was constructed by Essgee real estate group and designed by Anu Mridu, being completed in 2009. The stepwell is built of red sandstone, and is capable of holding 17.5 million liters of rainwater. It currently provides water for Umaid Heritage Housing Township, a housing development built by Essgee Group.Source: File:Birkha Bawari2, Jodhpur.jpg - WikipediaFootnotes[1] http://fsi.nic.in/isfr2017/isfr-forest-cover-2017.pdf[2] https://web.archive.org/web/20160305055724/https://www.iamrindia.gov.in/ihdr_book.pdf[3] https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200644/http://mospi.nic.in/mospi_new/upload/sel_socio_eco_stats_ind_2001_28oct11.pdf[4] Human Development Reports[5] http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/CII/CII2016/pdfs/Table%201A.1.pdf[6] http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/CII/CII2016/pdfs/Table%203A.1.pdf[7] http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/ADSI/ADSI2015/chapter-2%20suicides-v1.pdf[8] http://ncrb.gov.in/StatPublications/CII/CII2016/pdfs/Table%2014.1.pdf[9] http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/india/Final_PPT_2011_chapter6.pdf[10] http://indiabudget.nic.in/budget2013-2014/es2012-13/echap-13.pdf[11] http://indiabudget.nic.in/budget2013-2014/es2012-13/estat1.pdf[12] http://www.in.undp.org/content/dam/india/docs/inequality_adjusted_human_development_index_for_indias_state1.pdf[13] data.gov.in[14] National Family Health Survey[15] National Family Health Survey[16] India DHS, 2005-06 - Final Report (English)[17] http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/hlo/Data_sheet/India/Latrine.pdf[18] ​India is on the greatest toilet-building spree in human history[19] World’s Biggest Toilet-Building Spree Is Under Way in India[20] List of Indian states and union territories by GDP - Wikipedia[21] http://www.mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Annual%20Report%2C%20PLFS%202017-18_31052019.pdf[22] Andhra Pradesh, Telengana set to top the charts for ease of doing business[23] Centre to announce ‘Ease of Doing Business’ ranking for states[24] http://morth.nic.in/showfile.asp?lid=1131[25] http://morth.nic.in/index3.asp?sslid=1284&subsublinkid=590&lang=1[26] Jaipur - Wikipedia[27] Jodhpur - Wikipedia[28] Ranthambore National Park - Wikipedia[29] https://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-017-0025-y[30] Machali (tigress) - Wikipedia[31] Sariska Tiger Reserve - Wikipedia[32] http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/archive_full_story.php?content_id=63280[33] Desert National Park - Wikipedia[34] Keoladeo National Park - Wikipedia[35] http://www.thebagh.com/Bharatpur%20Springs%20back%20to%20life.pdf[36] Banas River - Wikipedia[37] West Banas River - Wikipedia[38] Luni River - Wikipedia[39] "Jaswant Sagar Dam"[40] Thar Desert - Wikipedia[41] Sambhar Salt Lake - Wikipedia[42] Sambhar Lake Town - Wikipedia[43] Aravalli Range - Wikipedia[44] Fold mountains - Wikipedia[45] Tectonic evolution of the Aravalli Mountains - Wikipedia[46] Mount Abu - Wikipedia[47] Arbuda Mountains - Wikipedia[48] Guru Shikhar - Wikipedia[49] Mount Abu InfraRed Observatory - Wikipedia[50] Nakki Lake - Wikipedia[51] Arid Forest Research Institute - Wikipedia[52] Arid Forest Research Institute[53] Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education - Wikipedia[54] Central Arid Zone Research Institute - Wikipedia[55] Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Wikipedia[56] Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani)[57] BITS Pilani, IIT Delhi, Bombay, Jio Institute are now among six Institutes of Eminence[58] Kota, Rajasthan - Wikipedia[59] Jantar Mantar, Jaipur - Wikipedia[60] Jai Singh II - Wikipedia[61] Udaipur Solar Observatory - Wikipedia[62] Mount Abu InfraRed Observatory - Wikipedia[63] PRL Advanced Radial-velocity All-sky Search - Wikipedia[64] Jaisalmer War Museum - Wikipedia[65] Economy of Rajasthan - Wikipedia[66] Indira Gandhi Canal - Wikipedia[67] Hindustan Zinc - Wikipedia[68] HZL[69] Rampura Agucha - Wikipedia[70] Makrana marble - Wikipedia[71] India's GI List Gets Longer with 20 New Products[72] Jaipur International Airport - Wikipedia[73] https://www.aai.aero/en/airports/jaipur[74] Jaipur, Srinagar top ranked airports in small aerodrome category[75] Palace on Wheels - Wikipedia[76] New-look Palace on Wheels set to chug off on Aug 5 | Jaipur News - Times of India[77] Royal Rajasthan on Wheels - Wikipedia[78] Super luxury train 'Royal Rajasthan on Wheels' flagged off from New Delhi[79] Thar Link Express - Wikipedia[80] Ghoomar - Wikipedia[81] Kalbelia - Wikipedia[82] Hill Forts of Rajasthan - Wikipedia[83] Chittor Fort - Wikipedia[84] Chittaurgarh Fort " Archaeological Survey of India[85] Kumbhalgarh - Wikipedia[86] Ranthambore Fort - Wikipedia[87] Gagron Fort - Wikipedia[88] Amer Fort - Wikipedia[89] Jaisalmer Fort - Wikipedia[90] Udaipur State - Wikipedia[91] Maota Lake - Wikipedia[92] Rawal Jaisal - Wikipedia[93] Mehrangarh - Wikipedia[94] Jodha of Mandore - Wikipedia[95] Mandore - Wikipedia[96] City Palace, Udaipur - Wikipedia[97] Udai Singh II - Wikipedia[98] Lake Pichola - Wikipedia[99] Umaid Bhawan Palace - Wikipedia[100] Henry Vaughan Lanchester - Wikipedia[101] Gaj Singh - Wikipedia[102] Umaid Bhawan Palace[103] Jagdish Temple, Udaipur - Wikipedia[104] Anandji Kalyanji Trust - Wikipedia[105] Ranakpur Jain temple - Wikipedia[106] ranakpur mandir, ranakpur temple, ranakpur jain temple, ranakpur aadinath jain temple, ranakpur temple images, history[107] Baroli Temples - Wikipedia[108] Chand Baori - Wikipedia[109] Jaisalmer Tourism, Places to Visit in Jaisalmer, Fort Rajwada, Brys Fort - Rajasthan Tourism[110] Taanka - Wikipedia[111] Dhebar Lake - Wikipedia