Budget And Treasury: Fill & Download for Free

The American tax-payer, via the United States Congress. To be precise, for every $100 dollars the tax-payers submit to the government, 45 cents is allocated to NASA.While NASA does generate revenue through its patents, that revenue doesn't go to NASA, it goes to the treasury.The President submits a budget request to Congress. This is the budget the President believes is needed for the government to operate as required by law. It is composed of massaged budget requests from each agency.Congress snickers at that budget and has its various committees go off and come up with their own answer. Some spending is mandatory and just happens. The rest is called discretionary spending. There are about a dozen appropriations bills that fulfill the funding of discretionary spending. NASA's funding is part of the "Commerce, Justice, and Science" appropriations bill. Should Congress not fulfill their duty and approve an actual budget, continuing resolutions are used to prevent government shutdown. A continuing resolution uses a formula to allocate funds based on the prior year's budget.

Russian Empress Catherine the Great was, essentially, a Luddite. She did not understand the true power of the Industrial Revolution, and she was against introducing machines into Russian emerging industries (primarily iron smelting and fabric production). Catherine thought that machines destroyed jobs. That led to a predictable crisis at the end of the 18th century when Russian industries fell too far behind their Western competition.Secondly, the Empress didn’t do enough to promote new methods of agriculture. At the same time, she was a proponent of the free trade (not totally free, but a lot less protectionist than before) and grain exports. That led to the continuous tragedy of Russian famines. Russia was exporting too much grain while not producing and saving enough to compensate for the bad harvests. People associate this approach with the 1930s and the horror of Holodomor, but that was a 200-years-old practice, not Stalin’s invention. And while Stalin, at least, tried to fund Soviet industrialization, Catherine wasn’t doing anything like that.Thirdly, Catherine was chronically unable to balance the budget. Instead, she was printing money and taking foreign loans. When her son Emperor Paul inherited Russia, he found an empty Treasury and tons of unpaid obligations. It took the next hundred years to pay off Catherine’s debts.There is a lot of dark irony in the fact that our German Empress was exceptionally bad at things we in Russia stereotypically consider the strengths of German people, like budgeting and technology.Also, Catherine was a horrible mother to all of her kids, but that’s more personal than political.Pictured - Marina Alexandrova as the titular Empress in the Russian TV series “Catherine”.

In the year 2019Budget of the White House was $ 805 Million which included $ 714 Million for Regular Budget and $ 91 Million for Specific BudgetRegular Budget is for staffing, security, grounds, maintenance, renovations, furniture,portraits etc.Specific Budget is for the Secret Service, Presidents Family, Presidents Maintenance, Presidents Cars, President related maintenance etc.In 2020 Dollars - Donald Trump cost the Taxpayer $ 91 Million a year compared to $ 47 Million for Barack Obama or $ 39 Million for George W Bush.Who pays for it?The money comes out ofThe White House Administration Authoritywhich gets its budget from theOffice of Management and Budgetwhich gets its budget from theUnited States Treasury Departmentwhich gets its budget from theUnited States TaxpayerThe Budget is approved by the Congress Committee every year and is a mechanical approval. It is almost unanimous.