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How would things be different today if Lee Harvey Oswald had missed JFK?
Had Oswald missed?!My friend, Oswald never even fired a rifle on Nov. 22, 1963. That was proven by the Dallas PD's paraffin test, which showed no nitrates on his cheek from blowback. It's unlikely he fired a pistol, either, given the bent firing pin on his revolver and the non-matching semi-auto ammo found at the scene of Officer Tippett's murder.I suggest you do some honest research. Certainly don't believe what you read on Quora or what they say in the corporate-owned press. Don’t believe the government. It is still largely under the control of those who assassinated our president. And don’t believe me. Do the research. A lot of startling new information has surfaced in recent years, though almost never covered by the Mockingbird media. Then, if you find the evidence at variance with ANY of what I am saying, do come back and challenge me.The evidence was not enough to convict Lee Oswald had he been given the due process of law guaranteed every citizen under the U.S. Constitution.Oswald had no motive, means or opportunity. Oswald was a gung-ho Marine who enlisted at the earliest possible age, served in sensitive position as a radar operator for U-2 flights over the USSR and, now we know, China, volunteered to become a double agent for the USG, and then pretended to defect to the USSR as part of a phony defector program concocted by the CIA. When, despite his desperate efforts, he failed to get recruited by the KGB, Oswald returned to the United States on a State Department repatriation loan. He never technically gave up his U.S. citizenship.Then, despite having "defected" to the USSR, as soon as he returned to the United States, Oswald walked into a job with a graphic arts firm that did Top Secret work for the USG, producing maps from the U-2 overflights, and the FBI hired him at $200/month to pretend to be a Communist sympathizer in order to help it identify pro-Castro Cubans.As Sen. Richard Schweiker (R-PA) of the U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee once put it: “We do know Oswald had intelligence connections. Everywhere you look with him, there are fingerprints of intelligence." U.S. intelligence, just to be clear.We know from the confessions of his mistress Judyth Vary Baker that Oswald worked with her and others on a plot to assassinate Fidel Castro. In one of his last conversations with her, he said he was trying to foil a plot against JFK's life. In fact, he admired Kennedy and may have been the FBI informant, named "Lee," who Secret Service Agent Abraham Boldin said had tipped off the government to the plot against Kennedy's life in Chicago two weeks before Dallas.No reliable evidence connected Oswald to the purported murder weapon, a Mannlicher-Carcano, including the doctored backyard photos and the highly dubious shipment of the mail order gun to a post office box addressed to one "A. Hidell."Reliable eyewitness testimony would show Oswald wasn't even on the Sixth Floor of the Texas School Book Depository at the time of the shooting. Only after FBI agents had an hour alone with Oswald’s body at the funeral home did his palm print newly appear on the previously dusted rifle.In the same way, a wallet with identification for A. Hidell magically appeared at the J.D. Tippit crime scene an hour after the area had already been combed by spectators and police. Now, how’s THAT for an orgy of evidence! (Sorta like finding a wallet with ID from one of the hijackers at Ground Zero after 9/11, isn’t it? But I digress.) Oswald was carrying a different wallet when arrested. He didn’t have a lot of money, and credit cards and loyalty cards were not very widely used at that time, so it isn’t plausible that Oswald carried two wallets.The caliber of the Carcano didn’t match that used in the shooting at the home of Gen. Edwin Walker. An eyewitness had seen two men fleeing in separate cars, neither matching Oswald’s description. And, in any case, Oswald didn’t drive. Walker and Kennedy were at opposite ends of the political spectrum, so for them both to be the target of the same assassin seems a bit incongruous. It also seems unlikely for an assassin, while kneeling and firing feverishly with a bolt action rifle, to be able to lay, within moments, several wounds and a mortal head shot on the POTUS in a moving car and yet, from a much nearer distance and with plenty of time to line up his shot, miss a man seated at his desk.Oswald was never given due process or a day in court. The single prison phone call to which he was entitled--he tried to call a retired Army intelligence officer--was deliberately prevented by the government from being connected. Dallas PD claimed it kept no record of his interrogation. Neither did any of the other agencies that questioned him, supposedly.The police lineup for the witness identification of Oswald was a travesty, with everyone else dressed in suits, and he alone disheveled in a tee-shirt with a black eye and complaining that the line-up was unfair. An eyewitness who couldn’t recognize him as the perpetrator only changed his mind after barely surviving a murder attempt.CIA and the Mob, which collaborated so closely on so many different fronts at this time as to be nearly interchangeable, both worked with Oswald, framed him for JFK's murder, and ordered Ruby to silence him before Oswald could speak in his own defense. Oswald was never supposed to be given a chance, and he wasn't.For those of us who weren’t at Dealey Plaza, Oswald's murder by Jack Ruby was surely our first strong indication of conspiracy. Of course, what looked like a gangland hit to silence a potentially problematic witness was quickly explained away as the misguided but well-meaning act of yet another Lone Nut. Mobster Jack Ruby murdered Oswald in a room full of police detectives to prevent Oswald from telling what he knew.By some accounts, Ruby had known Oswald for a considerable time, likely meeting him while running guns to anti-Castro elements in Cuba. A dozen witnesses saw the two together on various occasions, but the Warren Commission concluded they must have been mistaken. One of Ruby’s strippers testified that her boss had introduced Oswald to her, not long before the assassination, with the words “this is my friend, Lee, from the CIA.” Silvia Odio claimed she'd met Oswald with two anti-Castro Cubans some weeks before the assassination, but she, too, must have "been mistaken," even though she never sought publicity, her sister confirmed the visit, and she'd written to her father of the meeting shortly afterward, before the assassination.Perhaps the very first "conspiracy theorists" were Attorney General Robert Kennedy and FLOTUS Jackie Kennedy. Others included French Intelligence, and the Kremlin, and several members of the Warren Commission, and the U.S. Congress, and up to 85 percent of the American public, and Lyndon Johnson, recorded at least twice as saying he suspected a conspiracy. Yeah, LBJ was a "tinfoil hat" type who admitted the probable existence of a conspiracy. And, as one of the conspirators, he was in a position to know.I believe Lyndon B. Johnson conspired with several others to assassinate President John F. Kennedy. Johnson’s long-time mistress Madeleine Brown stated that she thought LBJ began hatching the plot as early as 1961. Johnson was one of many individuals who appeared to have foreknowledge of the coming assassination. Brown related the story of how she was surprised to meet LBJ at a party at the home of Texas oil tycoon Clint Murchison on the eve of the assassination. She claimed he had just emerged from a large closed-door meeting when he noticed her and paused to speak with her. Instead of whispering sweet nothings, he told her: “Darling, after tomorrow those SOB Kennedy’s are never gonna embarrass me again. That’s not a threat, that’s a promise!” She claims he repeated a nearly identical statement to her in a phone call the next morning. A month after the assassination, Brown confronted Johnson about the murder. He told her the real people behind it were her fat cat Texas oil friends and “those spooks” in Washington.At the time of the assassination, the ruthless, corrupt and ambitious Johnson was in desperate straits, just one step away from political humiliation and criminal charges. Life Magazine, fed dirt on Johnson by Robert Kennedy’s Justice Department, was about to publish an exposé of Johnson’s incriminating ties to the Bobby Baker corruption scandal in its December 1 edition. JFK appeared poised to use the scandal to ditch Johnson from the Democratic Party ticket in 1964 in favor of Gov. Terry Sanford of North Carolina.JFK seemed likely to coast to a second term as president, Robert “Bobby” Kennedy was in a strong position to succeed him. Youngest brother Sen. Edward “Ted” Kennedy might follow Bobby. The White House might be in Kennedy hands for another 21 years.Anti-Soviet military hawks seeking war in Vietnam, Texas oil tycoons fearful of losing the oil depletion allowance, Central Intelligence Agency officials fired by Kennedy over the Bay of Pigs debacle, Mafiosi angered by Kennedy’s war on crime, Secret Service agents scandalized by Kennedy’s reckless private behavior, jealous husbands cuckolded by Kennedy, etc. — Johnson knew Kennedy’s many enemies in and outside the government and presented himself as a much preferred alternative.I believe LBJ set the plot in motion, then left its execution largely in the hands of CIA agent Cord Meyer, probably on the recommendation of ex-CIA Director Allen Dulles, fired by JFK after the Bay of Pigs debacle. Meyer was a natural choice. He had been cuckolded by JFK. Indeed, his wife, Mary Pinchot Meyer, was one of JFK’s favorite mistresses. She was assassinated on a footpath in Georgetown a year later, with no one ever convicted for the murder.LBJ probably used his personal attorney Ed Clark and assistant Cliff Carter as his conduits to those, like retiring USAF BG Edward Lansdale, who were most involved in planning the operation. The mainly CIA plotters called on embittered Bay of Pigs veterans—including Frank Sturgis, E. Howard Hunt, and George H.W. “Poppy” Bush—and Mafia allies to carry out the “Big Event.” Research Bush's activities and whereabouts in. Nov. 22, 1963. You'll find he was staying at the Sheraton in Dallas. Just who do you suppose was the "independent Houston-area oil operator" briefly detained by Dallas sheriff's deputies as a suspicious person leaving the Dal-Tex Building moments after the shooting? He'd claimed to just ducked into the building to borrow a phone (just in time to miss the presidential motorcade?!). Moments later known Mafioso James Brading, a/k/a Braden, was detained as a suspicious person leaving the Dal-Tex, too. He, too, had supposedly just ducked in to borrow a phone.The Mafia pulled in various elements, including, possibly, French Corsican assassins recruited out of Marseilles with the help of CIA’s William Harvey in Rome. Hired killer Lucien Sarti is often mentioned.LBJ’s personal hit man Malcolm “Mac” Wallace was one of the shooters in the Texas School Book Depository Building. Billie Sol Estes’ 1983 affidavit swore Wallace carried out several political murders for LBJ, including the assassination of JFK. Years after the crime, Wallace’s fingerprints were identified as matching a previously unidentified set on file at the National Archives. The set had been lifted from boxes at the TSBD sniper’s nest within an hour of the shooting.The conspirators created a kill zone clearly demarcated by bright yellow hash marks painted on the Elm Street curb. They used timed triangulated fire, but their first shots failed to kill the president. Upon seeing the frantic signalling by “Umbrella Man” and others that Kennedy still lived, Secret Service Agent William Greer momentarily stopped the limo between the hash marks, where JFK was struck in the head by at least one frangible round, possibly fired from the above ground sewer opening at that location. Greer’s stopping of the limo was the first tip-off to Jackie Kennedy that the murder was an inside job.The government altered the Zapruder Film to minimize the duration of the limo stop. Several facts prove the film was altered. The FBI claimed Abraham Zapruder filmed at a slower speed than the camera’s fastest speed he remembered using, thereby allowing the government to excise nearly a quarter of the frames. The portion of the film showing the president’s limo sharply turning onto Elm Street, even jumping the curb, is removed. Spectators spliced into the foreground remain utterly motionless as the presidential limo passes. Other spectators, however, move at super-human speeds. Motorcycle patrolmen vanish and then miraculously reappear. Mary Poppins-era animation blots out some of the president’s head wound. Emergency lights flash at erratic periodicity. Most interestingly, a lens reflection in the margins of the film, along the sprocket holes, seen over the course of several frames, reveals the silhouette of an assassin repeatedly aiming and firing down on the motorcade from atop the Dallas PD-controlled County Records Building.Secret Service agents immediately set about destroying the crime scene, washing out the limo and illegally seizing and transporting the president’s body to Washington. They sent the death limo to Ford Motor Company to be stripped down to bare metal and reupholstered. The bullet-stricken windshield was destroyed completely and replaced by another manually cracked in order to explain away the hole seen by witnesses at Parkland.These were law enforcement agents trained to understand the importance of preserving evidence. Yet they deliberately destroyed the evidence, obstructing justice. Surely they were under orders from higher up. No agents were ever punished.LBJ insisted JFK’s widow, Jackie Kennedy, join him in his swearing-in ceremony aboard Air Force One. This allowed the removal of JFK’s body to Air Force Two on a farther tarmac while the bronze ceremonial casket was loaded aboard Air Force One. When the district judge called by LBJ to swear him in as president could not locate an Oath of Office, LBJ reportedly adduced one from his own coat pocket. Immediately after the ceremony, he shared a smile and wink with trusted Congressman (D-TX) Albert Thomas.A mortuary specialist worked on Kennedy’s cadaver during the flight to Washington in an attempt to hide evidence of a second gunman. CDR James Humes did also, before leading the official autopsy, the original notes from which he burned. His was a rigged autopsy overseen by top brass, including Kennedy nemesis Gen. Curtis LeMay, who merrily hummed and smoked one of his trademark cigars while looking on from the gallery.Hoover then led the FBI in framing hapless U.S. double agent Lee Oswald for the crime, declaring the crime “solved” within hours.Johnson created his handpicked Warren Commission in order to forestall an independent Congressional investigation. His first pick for the Commission was Kennedy hater Allen Dulles. The Warren Commission relied wholly on the FBI investigation for its own conclusions. The primary purpose of the Commission was to reassure the American people that no conspiracy was afoot, despite the evidence of our eyes. It was to cherry-pick the evidence and ignore, manipulate, discard, alter, replace, plant, or otherwise suppress any evidence that didn't fit the desired narrative -- i.e., a Procrustean Bed, where the truth is stretched or cut away as much as editorial license requires in order to make the pieces of the fairy tale fit, out of "patriotic duty." After all, what are a few white lies if they help to prevent World War III — or so LBJ told some of the commissioners. Some of them later disavowed the Commission’s conclusions.The CIA strategy designed to defend the Warren Report, and laid out in Document 1035-960, still seeks to discredit skeptics of the Commission’s reports as “conspiracy theorists.” Thanks to the penetration of our media by the CIA, via Operation Mockingbird, and CIA's penetration and discrediting of New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison’s investigation, this strategy succeeded to such a degree that the Kennedy Assassination is now regarded as the Third Rail of American journalism.The press never told us anything. Influential columnist Drew Pearson withheld a scathing column about LBJ’s corruption. Life Magazine immediately dropped its exposé. No one reported that Ruby had been a boy courier for Al Capone or that he’d been running guns to Cuba, from where he'd helped spring Mob boss Santos Trafficante from prison — not newsworthy enough, apparently. Ruby hinted repeatedly that Johnson was behind the crime, but the media didn’t mention it. The media can dote on every morsel of trivia about the Kardashians, but what network ever told us that Ruby had once worked on the staff of then-Congressman Richard Nixon, according to a sworn statement by another of Nixon’s staffers in 1947? Nixon advisor Roger Stone claims that Nixon had told him the hiring had been at the behest of then-Senator Lyndon Johnson!Are you still waiting for the nightly news to inform you that Dallas was a coup? Does part of you still expect the corporate-owned media to connect the dots leading from treason to their corporate owners and sponsors?To quote Shakespeare: “None dare call it treason if it doth prosper.”Supplementing CIA’s disinformation program was a ruthless domestic campaign of intimidation and murder that succeeded in silencing many material witnesses. Former Special Forces Colonel Dan Marvin has related how CIA men once solicited his assassination of William Bruce Pitzer, who Marvin only learned much later was one of many witnesses in the assassination who had died under highly suspicious circumstances. The London Sunday Times hired an actuarial to calculate the odds against so many material witnesses dying of unnatural causes in the three years following the Assassination. The actuarial calculated the odds against it at 100,000 trillion to one.Although I believe LBJ had a leading role in initiating and covering up the plot, I also believe the conspiracy chiefly centered on elements of the CIA, the least accountable arm of that Military-Industrial Complex of which President Eisenhower had warned Americans in his Farewell Address in 1961. The MIC became what we today term the "Deep State" when it seized power on November 22, 1963 — for the conspirators not only got away with murder, they got away with the government, too.Most of the conspirators have since died, but the influence of the Deep State continues to be perpetuated institutionally through their agencies, corporations, families, and appointments. They continue cynically to bank on the apathy and laziness of the American public, the services of professional and well-meaning "debunkers" and misinformation agents, and the cupidity and craven cowardice of their corporate-controlled media to allow the lie of Oswald's guilt to dominate the historical narrative.The brazenness of the assassination and the continuing honors given its perpetrators, despite the gradual exposure of their crimes, serve to demonstrate to the American people and our elected leaders that these Deep State traitors can deal as they wish with anyone with utter impunity.I can well understand why the Lone Nut theorists cling to the findings of the Warren Commission that a malcontent killed JFK acting alone. Having spent most of my life in the Federal government myself, I certainly don't relish the idea that the government would lie to us about the murder of our president. After all, what does that say about "our" government? What would it say about us?Most members of the “Shadow Government” — i.e., the intel agencies and related defense contractors — undoubtedly are essentially honest and very patriotic Americans dedicated to the defense of our Constitution and way of life. The compartmentalization of secrets can permit a situation to arise, however, where a small coterie of highly placed individuals can leverage, unchecked, vast resources in the pursuit of an unconstitutional or even treasonous agenda. In the age before the Internet, a Vice President who succeeded to the presidency through such plotting, could—and, I believe, did—orchestrate a far-reaching and effective coverup of the crime with the knowing support of just the FBI Director, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, leading elements of the CIA and Secret Service, and a few others.Many repeat the patronizing argument that those who question the Warren Report have a psychological inability to accept the notion that a great hero like JFK could be slain by a "maladjusted loser" like Oswald. That's ridiculous. I accepted the notion of Oswald's lone guilt for many years, as did most Americans. Later, when the pieces no longer fit, I first suspected the Mob. Only when I began to research the case more deeply in recent years did I finally realize LBJ's central role in the conspiracy.Kennedy was murdered by elements of his own government. It was, essentially, a palace coup. I’m ashamed that my naïveté blinded me from realizing it sooner. I am repulsed by my memory of greeting LBJ in person in 1964.The sad truth is that the government appears to have been stolen from us, and with it, the media. We now have fake news from a fake media serving the interests of those behind our fake government. Part of the proof is the fact that with the first opportunity in over a generation, investigating the reported ties to Cuba of the alleged assassin of the POTUS isn't even part of Washington's agenda. Oswald was supposed to be a Castro agent or sympathizer, remember? Murder and treason have no statute of limitations, Castro is dead, the USSR collapsed nearly 30 years ago, diplomatic relations with Cuba are fully normalized, and yet following up on the murder of the POTUS by an alleged Castro agent or sympathizer isn't even on the bilateral agenda?! A potential Cuban agent murders our POTUS, and the USG doesn't even want to follow on any investigative leads?! Anyone who's ever worked for the USG should find that telling, very telling indeed.The last remaining Kennedy assassination records still under seal at the National Archives were supposed to finally be released in October 2017. But CIA pressured President Trump into blocking the release, using the threadbare excuse of “national security,” as if the sources and methods we used against the USSR over half a century ago still outweigh the public’s interest in knowing the truth about whether Dallas was, in fact, a coup. Pres. Trump allowed some files to be released but withheld others until 2021.No doubt the most incriminating records have long since been destroyed, but enough might remain to help even the more gullible among us finally come to see the true dimensions of the crime. Even long-time Warren Commission apologist Gerald Posner agrees that the records should be released.Whatever one thinks of the man or his policies, Donald Trump is the first overtly anti-Deep State president the United States has had since Kennedy. Perhaps it isn’t coincidental that 2021 would be the first year of a second Trump presidency. Let’s encourage him to release the records. Let the chips fall where they may. Let’s make the pursuit of truth and justice once again part of the American Way. This may be our last, best chance to root out the treasonous influence of the Deep State, restore constitutional government, and bring the last surviving perpetrators of the assassination to justice. Follow me on Quora to be alerted to more such postings, and pray join me in demanding that American justice be done though the heavens fall.
Could Lee Oswald's target have been Governor Connally since he was the Secretary of the Navy who refused Oswald's appeal to change dishonorable discharge?
As another contributor commented, this is indeed exactly the sort of question appreciated by the real conspirators in Pres. Kennedy’s assassination.Lee Oswald almost certainly never even fired a rifle on Nov. 22, 1963. That was the implication of the Dallas PD's paraffin test, which showed no nitrates on his cheek from blowback. It's unlikely he fired a pistol, either, given the bent firing pin on his revolver and the non-matching semi-auto ammo found at the scene of Officer Tippett's murder.Before dismissing me as a "conspiracy theorist" in favor of the Warren Commission's Lone Nut narrative, understand that other "conspiracy theorists" were Gov. John Connally and his wife Nellie, Attorney General Robert Kennedy and FLOTUS Jackie Kennedy, French Intelligence, the Kremlin, several members of the Warren Commission, the U.S. Congress, up to 85 percent of the American public, and Lyndon Johnson. Yeah, LBJ was a "tinfoil hat" type recorded at least twice as saying he suspected a conspiracy in JFK's assassination. And, as one of the conspirators, he was in a position to know.I suggest you do some honest research. Certainly don't believe what you read on Quora or what they say in the corporate-owned press. Don’t believe the government. It is still largely under the control of those who assassinated our president. And don’t believe me. Do the research. A lot of startling new information has surfaced in recent years, though almost never covered by the Mockingbird media. Then, if you find the evidence at variance with ANY of what I am saying, do come back and challenge me.The evidence was not enough to convict Lee Oswald had he been given the due process of law guaranteed every citizen under the U.S. Constitution.Oswald had no motive, means or opportunity. Oswald was a gung-ho Marine who enlisted at the earliest possible age, served in sensitive position as a radar operator for U-2 flights over the USSR—and, now we know, China—volunteered to become a double agent for the USG, and then pretended to defect to the USSR as part of a phony defector program concocted by the CIA. When, despite his desperate efforts, he failed to get recruited by the KGB, Oswald returned to the United States on a State Department repatriation loan. He never technically gave up his U.S. citizenship.Then, despite having "defected" to the USSR, as soon as he returned to the United States, Oswald walked into a job with a graphic arts firm that did Top Secret work for the USG, producing maps from the U-2 overflights, and the FBI hired him at $200/month to pretend to be a Communist sympathizer in order to help it identify pro-Castro Cubans.As Sen. Richard Schweiker (R-PA) of the U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee once put it: “We do know Oswald had intelligence connections. Everywhere you look with him, there are fingerprints of intelligence." U.S. intelligence, just to be clear.We know from the confessions of his mistress Judyth Vary Baker that Oswald worked with her and others on a plot to assassinate Fidel Castro. In one of his last conversations with her, he said he was trying to foil a plot against JFK's life. In fact, he admired Kennedy and may have been the FBI informant, named "Lee," who Secret Service Agent Abraham Boldin said had tipped off the government to the plot against Kennedy's life in Chicago two weeks before Dallas.No reliable evidence connected Oswald to the purported murder weapon, a Mannlicher-Carcano, including the doctored backyard photos and the highly dubious shipment of the mail order gun to a post office box addressed to one "A. Hidell."Reliable eyewitness testimony would show Oswald wasn't even on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository at the time of the shooting. Only after FBI agents had an hour alone with Oswald’s body at the funeral home did his palm print newly appear on the previously dusted rifle.In the same way, a wallet with identification for A. Hidell magically appeared at the J.D. Tippit crime scene an hour after the area had already been combed by spectators and police. Now, how’s THAT for an orgy of evidence! (Sorta like finding a wallet with ID from one of the hijackers at Ground Zero immediately after 9/11, isn’t it? But I digress.) Oswald was carrying a different wallet when arrested. He didn’t have a lot of money, and credit cards and loyalty cards were not very widely used at that time, so it isn’t plausible that Oswald carried two wallets.The caliber of the Carcano didn’t match that used in the shooting at the home of Gen. Edwin Walker. An eyewitness had seen two men fleeing in separate cars, neither matching Oswald’s description. And, in any case, Oswald didn’t drive. Walker and Kennedy were at opposite ends of the political spectrum, so for them both to be the target of the same assassin seems a bit incongruous. It also seems unlikely for an assassin, while kneeling and firing feverishly with a bolt action rifle, to be able to lay, within moments, several wounds and a mortal head shot on the POTUS in a moving car and yet, from a much nearer distance and with plenty of time to line up his shot, miss a man seated at his desk.Oswald was never given due process or a day in court. The single prison phone call to which he was entitled--he tried to call a retired Army intelligence officer--was deliberately prevented by the government from being connected. Dallas PD claimed it kept no record of his interrogation. Neither did any of the other agencies that questioned him, supposedly.The police lineup for the witness identification of Oswald was a travesty, with everyone else dressed in suits, and he alone disheveled in a tee-shirt with a black eye and complaining that the line-up was unfair. An eyewitness who couldn’t recognize him as the perpetrator only changed his mind after barely surviving a murder attempt.CIA and the Mob, which collaborated so closely on so many different fronts at this time as to be nearly interchangeable, both worked with Oswald, framed him for JFK's murder, and ordered Ruby to silence him before Oswald could speak in his own defense. Oswald was never supposed to be given a chance, and he wasn't.For those of us who weren’t at Dealey Plaza, Oswald's murder by Jack Ruby was surely our first strong indication of conspiracy. Of course, what looked like a gangland hit to silence a potentially problematic witness was quickly explained away as the misguided but well-meaning act of yet another Lone Nut. Mobster Jack Ruby murdered Oswald in a room full of police detectives to prevent Oswald from telling what he knew.By some accounts, Ruby had known Oswald for a considerable time, likely meeting him while running guns to anti-Castro elements in Cuba. A dozen witnesses saw the two together on various occasions, but the Warren Commission concluded they all must have been mistaken. One of Ruby’s strippers testified that her boss had introduced Oswald to her, not long before the assassination, with the words “this is my friend, Lee, from the CIA.” Silvia Odio claimed she'd met Oswald with two anti-Castro Cubans some weeks before the assassination, but she, too, must have "been mistaken," even though she never sought publicity, her sister confirmed the visit, and she'd written to her father of the meeting shortly afterward, before the assassination.It is now painfully evident that Lyndon B. Johnson conspired with several others to assassinate President John F. Kennedy. Johnson’s long-time mistress Madeleine Brown stated that she thought LBJ began hatching the plot as early as 1961. Johnson was one of many individuals who appeared to have foreknowledge of the coming assassination. Brown related the story of how she was surprised to meet LBJ at a party at the home of Texas oil tycoon Clint Murchison on the eve of the assassination. She claimed he had just emerged from a large closed-door meeting when he noticed her and paused to speak with her. Instead of whispering sweet nothings, he told her: “Darling, after tomorrow those SOB Kennedy’s are never gonna embarrass me again. That’s not a threat, that’s a promise!” She claims he repeated a nearly identical statement to her in a phone call the next morning. A month after the assassination, Brown confronted Johnson about the murder. He told her the real people behind it were her fat cat Texas oil friends and “those spooks” in Washington.At the time of the assassination, the ruthless, corrupt and ambitious Johnson was in desperate straits, just one step away from political humiliation and criminal charges. Life Magazine, fed dirt on Johnson by Robert Kennedy’s Justice Department, was about to publish an exposé of Johnson’s incriminating ties to the Bobby Baker corruption scandal in its December 1 edition. JFK appeared poised to use the scandal to ditch Johnson from the Democratic Party ticket in 1964 in favor of Gov. Terry Sanford of North Carolina.JFK seemed likely to coast to a second term as president, Robert “Bobby” Kennedy was in a strong position to succeed him. Youngest brother Sen. Edward “Ted” Kennedy might follow Bobby. The White House might be in Kennedy hands for another 21 years.Anti-Soviet military hawks seeing JFK as an appeaser, defense contractors seeking war in Vietnam, Texas oil tycoons fearful of losing the oil depletion allowance, Central Intelligence Agency officials fired by Kennedy over the Bay of Pigs debacle, Mafiosi angered by Kennedy’s war on crime, Secret Service agents scandalized by Kennedy’s reckless private behavior, jealous husbands cuckolded by Kennedy, etc. — Johnson knew Kennedy’s many enemies in and outside the government and presented himself as a much better alternative.I believe LBJ set the plot in motion, then left its execution largely in the hands of CIA agent Cord Meyer, probably on the recommendation of ex-CIA Director Allen Dulles, fired by JFK after the Bay of Pigs debacle. Meyer was a natural choice. He had been cuckolded by JFK. Indeed, his wife, Mary Pinchot Meyer, was one of JFK’s favorite mistresses. She was assassinated on a footpath in Georgetown a year later, with no one ever convicted for the murder.LBJ probably used his personal attorney Ed Clark and assistant Cliff Carter as his conduits to those, like retiring USAF BG Edward Lansdale, who were most involved in planning the operation. The mainly CIA plotters called on embittered Bay of Pigs veterans—including Frank Sturgis, E. Howard Hunt, and George H.W. “Poppy” Bush—and Mafia allies to carry out the “Big Event.” Research Bush's activities and whereabouts on Nov. 22, 1963. You'll find he was staying at the Sheraton in Dallas. Just who do you suppose was the "independent Houston-area oil operator" briefly detained by Dallas sheriff's deputies as a suspicious person leaving the Dal-Tex Building moments after the shooting? He claimed he'd just ducked into the building to borrow a phone (just in time to miss the presidential motorcade?!). Moments later known Mafioso James Brading, a/k/a Braden, was detained as a suspicious person leaving the Dal-Tex, too. He, too, had supposedly just ducked in to borrow a phone.The Mafia pulled in various elements, including, possibly, French Corsican assassins recruited out of Marseilles with the help of CIA’s William Harvey in Rome. Hired killer Lucien Sarti is often mentioned.LBJ’s personal hit man Malcolm “Mac” Wallace was evidently one of the shooters in the Texas School Book Depository Building. Billie Sol Estes’ 1983 affidavit swore Wallace carried out several political murders for LBJ, including the assassination of JFK. His description matched that given by an eyewitness at Dealey Plaza of a man in a TSBD sixth floor window. Years after the crime, Wallace’s fingerprints were identified as matching a previously unidentified set on file at the National Archives. The set had been lifted from boxes at the TSBD sniper’s nest within an hour of the shooting.The conspirators created a kill zone clearly demarcated by bright yellow hash marks painted on the Elm Street curb. They used timed triangulated fire, but their first shots failed to kill the president. Upon seeing the frantic signalling by “Umbrella Man” and others that tipped him off that Kennedy still lived, Secret Service Agent William Greer momentarily stopped the limo between the hash marks, where JFK was struck in the head by at least one frangible round, possibly fired from the above ground sewer opening at precisely that location. Greer’s stopping of the limo was the first tip-off to Jackie Kennedy that the murder was an inside job.The government altered the Zapruder Film to minimize the duration of the limo stop. Several facts prove the film was altered. The FBI claimed Abraham Zapruder filmed at a slower speed than the camera’s fastest speed he remembered using, thereby allowing the government to excise nearly a quarter of the frames. The portion of the film showing the president’s limo sharply turning onto Elm Street, even jumping the curb, is removed. Spectators spliced into the foreground remain unusually motionless as the presidential limo passes. Other spectators, however, move at super-human speeds. Mary Poppins-era animation blots out some of the president’s head wound. Emergency lights flash at erratic periodicity. Most interestingly, a lens reflection in the margins of the film, along the sprocket holes, seen over the course of several frames, reveals the silhouette of an assassin repeatedly aiming and firing down on the motorcade from atop the Dallas PD-controlled County Records Building.Secret Service agents immediately set about destroying the crime scene, washing out the limo and illegally seizing and transporting the president’s body to Washington. They sent the death limo to Ford Motor Company to be stripped down to bare metal and reupholstered. The bullet-stricken windshield was destroyed completely and replaced by another manually cracked in order to explain away the hole seen by witnesses at Parkland.These were law enforcement agents trained to understand the importance of preserving evidence. Yet they deliberately destroyed the evidence, obstructing justice. Surely they were under orders from higher up. No agents were ever punished.LBJ insisted JFK’s widow, Jackie Kennedy, join him in his swearing-in ceremony aboard Air Force One. This allowed the removal of JFK’s body to Air Force Two on a farther tarmac while the bronze ceremonial casket was loaded aboard Air Force One. When the district judge called by LBJ to swear him in as president could not locate an Oath of Office, LBJ reportedly adduced one from his own coat pocket. Immediately after the ceremony, he shared a smile and wink with trusted Congressman Albert Thomas (D-TX).A mortuary specialist worked on Kennedy’s cadaver during the flight to Washington in an attempt to hide evidence of a second gunman. CDR James Humes did also, before leading the official autopsy, the original notes from which he burned. His was a rigged autopsy overseen by top brass, including Kennedy nemesis Gen. Curtis LeMay, who merrily hummed and smoked one of his trademark cigars while looking on from the gallery.Hoover then led the FBI in framing hapless U.S. double agent Lee Oswald for the crime, declaring the crime “solved” within hours.Johnson created his handpicked Warren Commission in order to forestall an independent Congressional investigation. His first pick for the Commission was Kennedy hater Allen Dulles, fired by Kennedy a year before. The Warren Commission relied wholly on the FBI investigation for its own conclusions. The primary purpose of the Commission was to reassure the American people that no conspiracy was afoot, despite the evidence of our eyes. It was to cherry-pick the evidence and ignore, manipulate, discard, alter, replace, plant, or otherwise suppress any evidence that didn't fit the desired narrative -- i.e., a Procrustean Bed, where the truth is stretched or cut away as much as editorial license requires in order to make the pieces of the fairy tale fit, out of "patriotic duty." After all, what are a few white lies if they help to prevent World War III — or so LBJ told some of the commissioners. Some of them later disavowed the Commission’s conclusions.The CIA strategy designed to defend the Warren Report, and laid out in Document 1035-960, still seeks to discredit skeptics of the Commission’s reports as “conspiracy theorists.” Thanks to the penetration of our media by the CIA, via Operation Mockingbird, and CIA's penetration and discrediting of New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison’s investigation, this strategy succeeded to such a degree that the Kennedy Assassination is now regarded as the Third Rail of American Journalism.The press never told us anything. Influential columnist Drew Pearson withheld a scathing column about LBJ’s corruption. Life Magazine immediately dropped its exposé. No one reported that Ruby had been a boy courier for Al Capone or that he’d been running guns to Cuba, from where he'd helped spring Mob boss Santos Trafficante from prison — not newsworthy enough, apparently. Ruby hinted repeatedly that Johnson was behind the crime, but the media didn’t mention it. The media can dote on every morsel of trivia about the Kardashians, but what network ever told us that Ruby had once worked on the staff of then-Congressman Richard Nixon, according to a sworn statement by another of Nixon’s staffers in 1947? Nixon advisor Roger Stone claims that Nixon had told him the hiring had been at the behest of Lyndon Johnson!Are you still waiting for the nightly news to inform you that Dallas was a coup? Do you really expect the corporate-owned media to connect the dots leading from treason to their corporate owners and sponsors?To quote Shakespeare: “None dare call it treason if it doth prosper.”Supplementing CIA’s disinformation program was a ruthless domestic campaign of intimidation and murder that succeeded in silencing many material witnesses. Former Special Forces Colonel Dan Marvin has related how CIA men once solicited his assassination of William Bruce Pitzer, who Marvin only learned much later was one of many witnesses in the assassination who had died under highly suspicious circumstances. The London Sunday Times hired an actuarial to calculate the odds against so many material witnesses dying of unnatural causes in the three years following the Assassination. The actuarial calculated the odds against it at 100,000 trillion to one.Although I believe LBJ had a leading role in initiating and covering up the plot, I also believe the conspiracy chiefly centered on elements of the CIA, the least accountable arm of that Military-Industrial Complex of which President Eisenhower had warned Americans in his Farewell Address in 1961. The MIC became what we today term the "Deep State" when it seized power on November 22, 1963 — for the conspirators not only got away with murder, they got away with the government, too.Most of the conspirators have since died, but the influence of the Deep State continues to be perpetuated institutionally through their agencies, corporations, families, and appointees. They continue cynically to bank on the apathy and laziness of the American public, the services of professional and well-meaning "debunkers" and misinformation agents, and the cupidity and craven cowardice of their corporate-controlled media to allow the lie of Oswald's guilt to dominate the historical narrative.The brazenness of the assassination and the continuing honors given its perpetrators, despite the gradual exposure of their crimes, serve to demonstrate to the American people and our elected leaders that these Deep State traitors can deal as they wish with anyone with utter impunity.I can well understand why the Lone Nut theorists cling to the findings of the Warren Commission that a malcontent killed JFK acting alone. Having spent most of my life in the Federal government myself, I certainly don't relish the idea that the government would lie to us about the murder of our president. After all, what does that say about "our" government? What would it say about us?Most members of the “Shadow Government” — i.e., the intel agencies and related defense contractors — undoubtedly are essentially honest and very patriotic Americans dedicated to the defense of our Constitution and way of life. The compartmentalization of secrets can permit a situation to arise, however, where a small coterie of highly placed individuals can leverage, unchecked, vast resources in the pursuit of an unconstitutional or even treasonous agenda. In the age before the Internet, a Vice President who succeeded to the presidency through such plotting, could—and, I believe, did—orchestrate a far-reaching and effective coverup of the crime with the knowing support of just the FBI Director, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, leading elements of the CIA and Secret Service, and a few others.Many repeat the patronizing argument that those who question the Warren Report have a psychological inability to accept the notion that a great hero like JFK could be slain by a "maladjusted loser" like Oswald. That's ridiculous. I accepted the notion of Oswald's lone guilt for many years, as did most Americans. Later, when the pieces no longer fit, I first suspected the Mob. Only when I began to research the case more deeply in recent years did I finally realize LBJ's central role in the conspiracy.Kennedy was murdered by elements of his own government. It was, essentially, a palace coup. I’m ashamed that my naïveté blinded me from realizing it sooner. I am repulsed by my memory of greeting LBJ in person in 1964.The sad truth is that the government appears to have been stolen from us, and with it, the media. We now have fake news from a fake media serving the interests of those behind our fake government. Part of the proof is the fact that with the first opportunity in over a generation, investigating the reported ties to Cuba of the alleged assassin of the POTUS isn't even part of Washington's agenda. Oswald was supposed to be a Castro agent or sympathizer, remember? Murder and treason have no statute of limitations, Castro is dead, the USSR collapsed nearly 30 years ago, diplomatic relations with Cuba are fully normalized, and yet following up on the murder of the POTUS by an alleged Castro agent or sympathizer isn't even on the bilateral agenda?! A potential Cuban agent murders our POTUS, and the USG doesn't even want to follow up on any investigative leads?! Anyone who's ever worked for the USG should find that telling, very telling indeed.The last remaining Kennedy assassination records still under seal at the National Archives were finally supposed to be released in October 2017. But CIA pressured President Trump into blocking the release, using the threadbare excuse of “national security,” as if the sources and methods we used against the USSR over half a century ago still outweigh the public’s interest in knowing the truth about whether Dallas was, in fact, a coup. Pres. Trump allowed some files to be released but withheld others until 2021.No doubt the most incriminating records have long since been destroyed, but enough might remain to help even the more gullible among us finally come to see the true dimensions of the crime. Even long-time Warren Commission apologist Gerald Posner agrees that the records should be released.Whatever one thinks of the man or his policies, Donald Trump is the first overtly anti-Deep State president the United States has had since Kennedy. Perhaps it isn’t coincidental that 2021 would be the first year of a second Trump presidency. Let’s encourage him to release the records. Let the chips fall where they may. Are not truth and justice supposed to be part of the American Way? This may be our last, best chance to root out the treasonous influence of the Deep State, restore constitutional government, and bring the last surviving perpetrators of the assassination to justice. Follow me on Quora to be alerted to more such postings, and join me in demanding that American justice be done though the heavens fall.
What is the best way to start a business, and why?
Starting a business involves planning, making key financial decisions, and completing a series of legal activities. Find below my top 10 detailed steps and further reference in starting a business. It is my sole aim that you make it in the online space by building a resilient and profitable online business. Kindly check out the blog below to learn and build a solid business in an evergreen niche.PINTEREST FOR BUSINESS & BRANDSEverybody begins as fledglings eventually, and it takes tolerance, time, and consistency to turn into an expert.https://bit.ly/3myECloConduct market researchMarket research will tell you if there’s an opportunity to turn your idea into a successful business. It’s a way to gather information about potential customers and businesses already operating in your area. Use that information to find a competitive advantage for your business.Use market research to find customersMarket research blends consumer behavior and economic trends to confirm and improve your business. It’s crucial to understand your consumer base from the outset. Market research lets you reduce risks even while your business is still just a gleam in your eye.Gather demographic information to better understand opportunities and limitations for gaining customers. This could include population data on age, wealth, family, interests, or anything else that’s relevant for your business.Then answer these questions to get a good sense of your market.Demand: Is there a desire for your product or service?Market size: How many people would be interested in your offering?Economic indicators: What is the income range and employment rate?Location: Where do your customers live and where can your business reach?Market saturation: How many similar options are already available to consumers?Pricing: What do potential customers pay for these alternatives?You’ll also want to keep up with the latest small business trends. It’s important to gain a sense of the specific market share that will impact your profits.You can do market research using existing sources, or you can do the research yourself and go direct to consumers.Existing sources can save you a lot of time and energy, but the information might not be as specific to your audience as you’d like. Use it to answer questions that are both general and quantifiable, like industry trends, demographics, and household incomes. Asking consumers yourself can give you a nuanced understanding of your specific target audience. But, direct research can be time consuming and expensive. Use it to answer questions about your specific business or customers, like reactions to your logo, improvements you could make to buying experience, and where customers might go instead of your business.Here are a few methods you can use to do direct research:SurveysQuestionnairesFocus groupsIn-depth interviewsFor guidance on deciding which methods are worthwhile for your small business, the Small Business Administration provides counseling services.Use competitive analysis to find a market advantageCompetitive analysis helps you learn from businesses competing for your potential customers. This is key to defining a competitive edge that creates sustainable revenue.Your competitive analysis should identify your competition by product line or service and market segment. Assess the following characteristics of the competitive landscape:Market shareStrengths and weaknessesYour window of opportunity to enter the marketThe importance of your target market to your competitorsAny barriers that may hinder you as you enter the marketIndirect or secondary competitors who may impact your success Several industries might be competing to serve the same market you’re targeting. The Department of Justice provides a diagram of Porter’s Five Sources as one way you can differentiate your competitive analysis by industry. Important factors to consider include level of competition, threat of new competitors or services, and the effect of suppliers and customers on price.Write your business planYour business plan is the foundation of your business. It’s a roadmap for how to structure, run, and grow your new business. You’ll use it to convince people that working with you — or investing in your company — is a smart choice.Strategies help you maintain your businessA decent field-tested strategy guides you through each phase of beginning and dealing with your business. You'll utilize your strategy as a guide for how to design, run, and develop your new business. It's a method to thoroughly consider the vital components of your business.Marketable strategies can assist you with getting financing or welcome on new colleagues. Financial backers need to feel sure they'll see a profit from their speculation. Your field-tested strategy is the device you'll use to persuade individuals that working with you — or putting resources into your organization — is a keen decision.Pick a strategy design that works for youThere's no set in stone manner to compose a marketable strategy. What's significant is that your arrangement addresses your issues.Most marketable strategies can be categorized as one of two basic classes: conventional or lean startup.Conventional strategies are more normal, utilize a standard design, and urge you to really expound in each segment. They will in general require more work forthright and can be many pages long.Lean new company plans are more uncommon yet utilize a standard construction. They center around summing up just the main marks of the vital components of your arrangement. They can take just one hour to make and are normally just one page.Customary field-tested strategy designYou may incline toward a conventional marketable strategy design in case you're very conscientious, need an extensive arrangement, or plan to demand financing from customary sources.At the point when you compose your field-tested strategy, you don't need to adhere to the specific strategy layout. All things being equal, utilize the segments that bode well for your business and your necessities. Conventional field-tested strategies utilize a mix of these nine areas.Chief outlineMomentarily mention to your peruser what your organization is and why it will be fruitful. Incorporate your statement of purpose, your item or administration, and fundamental data about your organization's initiative group, representatives, and area. You ought to likewise incorporate monetary data and undeniable level development plans on the off chance that you intend to request financing.Organization depictionUtilize your organization depiction to give point by point data about your organization. Broadly expound on the issues your business settles. Be explicit, and rattle off the purchasers, association, or organizations your organization intends to serve.Clarify the upper hands that will make your business a triumph. Are there specialists in your group? Have you tracked down the ideal area for your store? Your organization portrayal is the spot to gloat about your qualities.Market investigationYou'll require a decent comprehension of your industry standpoint and target market. Serious examination will show you what different organizations are doing and what their qualities are. In your statistical surveying, search for patterns and topics. What do effective contenders do? For what reason does it work? Would you be able to improve? Presently's an ideal opportunity to address these inquiries.Association and the boardTell your peruser how your organization will be organized and who will run it.Depict the lawful construction of your business. State whether you have or expect to join your business as a C or a S enterprise, structure a general or restricted association, or in case you're a sole owner or LLC.Utilize a hierarchical outline to lay who's responsible for what in your organization. Show how every individual's exceptional experience will add to the achievement of your endeavor. Consider including resumes and CVs of key colleagues.Administration or product offeringPortray what you sell or what administration you offer. Clarify how it benefits your clients and what the item lifecycle resembles. Offer your arrangements for licensed innovation, similar to copyright or patent filings. In case you're doing innovative work for your administration or item, clarify it in detail.Advertising and dealsThere's no single method to move toward an advertising system. Your system ought to develop and change to accommodate your exceptional necessities.Your objective in this part is to portray how you'll pull in and hold clients. You'll additionally depict how a deal will really occur. You'll allude to this part later when you make monetary projections, so make a point to altogether depict your total promoting and deals systems.Subsidizing demandIn case you're requesting financing, this is the place where you'll layout your subsidizing necessities. You will probably unmistakably clarify how much subsidizing you'll require over the course of the following five years and what you'll utilize it for.Indicate whether you need obligation or value, the terms you'd like applied, and the time allotment your solicitation will cover. Give a point by point portrayal of how you'll utilize your assets. Determine in the event that you need assets to purchase gear or materials, pay rates, or cover explicit bills until income increments. Continuously incorporate a depiction of your future vital monetary plans, such as taking care of obligation or selling your business.Monetary projectionsSupplement your subsidizing demand with monetary projections. You will probably persuade the peruser that your business is steady and will be a monetary achievement.On the off chance that your business is as of now settled, incorporate pay articulations, accounting reports, and income explanations for the last three to five years. In the event that you have other security you could set against an advance, try to show it now.Give a planned monetary standpoint to the following five years. Incorporate determined pay proclamations, monetary records, income articulations, and capital consumption financial plans. For the principal year, be significantly more explicit and utilize quarterly — or even month to month — projections. Make a point to plainly clarify your projections, and match them to your subsidizing demands.Fund your businessYour business plan will help you figure out how much money you’ll need to start your business. If you don’t have that amount on hand, you’ll need to either raise or borrow the capital. Fortunately, there are more ways than ever to find the capital you need.Determine how much funding you'll needEvery business has different needs, and no financial solution is one size fits all. Your personal financial situation and vision for your business will shape the financial future of your business.Once you know how much startup fund you’ll need, it’s time to figure out how you’ll get it.Fund your business yourself with self-fundingOtherwise known as bootstrapping, self-funding lets you leverage your own financial resources to support your business. Self-funding can come in the form of turning to family and friends for capital, using your savings accounts, or even tapping into your 401k.With self-funding, you retain complete control over the business but you also take on all the risk yourself. Be careful not to spend more than you can afford, and be especially careful if you choose to use tap into retirement accounts early. You might face expensive fees or penalties, or damage your ability to retire on time — so you should check with your plan’s administrator and a personal financial advisor first.Get venture capital from investorsInvestors can give you funding to start your business in the form of venture capital investments. Venture capital is normally offered in exchange for an ownership share and active role in the company.Venture capital differs from traditional financing in a number of important ways. Venture capital typically:Focuses high-growth companiesInvests capital in return for equity, rather than debt (it’s not a loan)Takes higher risks in exchange for potential higher returnsHas a longer investment horizon than traditional financingAlmost all venture capitalists will, at a minimum, want a seat on the board of directors. So be prepared to give up some portion of both control and ownership of your company in exchange for funding.How to get venture capital fundingThere’s no guaranteed way to get venture capital, but the process generally follows a standard order of basic steps.Find an investorLook for individual investors — sometimes called “angel investors” — or venture capital firms. Be sure to do enough background research to know if the investor is reputable and has experience working with startup companies.Share your business planThe investor will review your business plan to make sure it meets their investing criteria. Most investment funds concentrate on an industry, geographic area, or stage of business development.Go through due diligence reviewThe investors will look at your company’s management team, market, products and services, corporate governance documents, and financial statements.Work out the termsIf they want to invest, the next step is to agree on a term sheet that describes the terms and conditions for the fund to make an investment.InvestmentOnce you agree on a term sheet, you can get the investment! Once a venture fund has invested, it becomes actively involved in the company. Venture funds normally come in “rounds.” As the company meets milestones, further rounds of financing are made available, with adjustments in price as the company executes its plan.Pick your business locationYour business location is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. Whether you’re setting up a brick-and-mortar business or launching an online store, the choices you make could affect your taxes, legal requirements, and revenue.Determine the best spot to find your businessYou'll have to enroll your business, cover burdens, and get licenses and allows in the spot you decide to find your business.Where you find your business depends partially on the area of your objective market, colleagues, and your own inclinations. Moreover, you ought to think about the expenses, advantages, and limitations of various government organizations.Locale explicit operational expenseAt the point when you compute your startup costs, consider the manner in which various costs may cost pretty much relying upon your area.Costs that can change altogether by area incorporate standard pay rates, the lowest pay permitted by law laws, property estimations, rental rates, business protection rates, utilities, and government licenses and charges.Nearby drafting statutesIn the event that you purchase, lease, fabricate, or plan to work out of an actual property for your business, ensure it adjusts to neighborhood drafting necessities.Neighborhoods are by and large drafted for one or the other business or private use. Drafting laws can confine or completely prohibit explicit sorts of organizations from working in a space.You may have less drafting limitations in the event that you base your business out of your home, yet drafting statutes can in any case apply even to locally established organizations.Drafting laws are commonly controlled at the nearby level, so check with your division of city arranging, or comparable office, to get some answers concerning the drafting laws in your space.Choose a business structureThe legal structure you choose for your business will impact your business registration requirements, how much you pay in taxes, and your personal liability.Your business structure influences the amount you cover in charges, your capacity to fund-raise, the desk work you need to document, and your own obligation.You'll have to pick a business structure before you register your business with the state. Most organizations will likewise have to get an assessment ID number and document for the proper licenses and allows.Pick cautiously. While you may change over to an alternate business structure later on, there might be limitations dependent on your area. This could likewise bring about charge results and unintended disintegration, among different inconveniences.Talking with business guides, lawyers, and bookkeepers can demonstrate accommodating.Survey regular business structuresSole ownershipA sole ownership is not difficult to frame and gives you unlimited authority of your business. You're naturally viewed as a sole ownership in the event that you work together exercises however don't enroll as some other sort of business.Sole ownerships don't deliver a different business element. This implies your business resources and liabilities are not isolated from your own resources and liabilities. You can be expected actually to take responsibility for the obligations and commitments of the business. Sole owners are as yet ready to get a trademark. It can likewise be difficult to fund-raise since you can't sell stock, and banks are reluctant to loan to sole ownerships.Sole ownerships can be a decent decision for okay organizations and proprietors who need to test their business thought prior to framing a more proper business.AssociationAssociations are the least difficult construction for at least two individuals to claim a business together. There are two regular sorts of associations: restricted organizations (LP) and restricted obligation associations (LLP).Restricted associations have just one general cooperate with limitless risk, and any remaining accomplices have restricted obligation. The accomplices with restricted risk additionally will in general have restricted authority over the organization, which is reported in an association understanding. Benefits are gone through to individual assessment forms, and the overall accomplice — the accomplice without restricted risk — should likewise cover independent work charges.Restricted risk associations are like restricted organizations, yet give restricted obligation to each proprietor. A LLP shields each accomplice from obligations against the association, they will not be answerable for the activities of different accomplices.Associations can be a decent decision for organizations with numerous proprietors, proficient gatherings (like lawyers), and gatherings who need to test their business thought prior to shaping a more conventional business.Restricted risk organization (LLC)A LLC allows you to exploit the advantages of both the enterprise and association business structures.LLCs shield you from individual obligation in many occurrences, your own resources — like your vehicle, house, and investment accounts — will not be in danger in the event that your LLC faces insolvency or claims.Benefits and misfortunes can get gone through to your own pay without confronting corporate charges. Be that as it may, individuals from a LLC are viewed as independently employed and should pay independent work charge commitments towards Medicare and Social Security.LLCs can have a restricted life in numerous states. At the point when a part joins or leaves a LLC, a few states may require the LLC to be broken down and re-framed with new enrollment — except if there's as of now an arrangement set up inside the LLC for purchasing, selling, and moving proprietorship.LLCs can be a decent decision for medium-or higher-hazard organizations, proprietors with critical individual resources they need to be ensured, and proprietors who need to pay a lower charge rate than they would with an enterprise.PartnershipC corpA partnership, some of the time called a C corp, is a legitimate element that is independent from its proprietors. Companies can make a benefit, be burdened, and can be expected legitimately to take responsibility.Companies offer the most grounded assurance to its proprietors from individual risk, yet the expense to frame a company is higher than different designs. Organizations likewise require more broad record-keeping, operational cycles, and announcing.In contrast to sole owners, associations, and LLCs, partnerships pay annual assessment on their benefits. Sometimes, corporate benefits are burdened twice — first, when the organization makes a benefit, and again when profits are paid to investors on their own assessment forms.Enterprises have a totally autonomous life separate from its investors. In the event that an investor leaves the organization or sells their offers, the C corp can keep working together moderately undisturbed.Partnerships have a benefit with regards to raising capital since they can raise assets through the offer of stock, which can likewise be an advantage in pulling in representatives.Enterprises can be a decent decision for medium-or higher-hazard organizations, organizations that need to fund-raise, and organizations that arrangement to "open up to the world" or in the long run be sold.S corpA S organization, in some cases called a S corp, is an exceptional kind of enterprise that is intended to keep away from the twofold tax collection downside of customary C corps. S corps permit benefits, and a few misfortunes, to be gone through straightforwardly to proprietors' very own pay while never being dependent upon corporate duty rates.Not all states charge S corps similarly, however most remember them a similar way the national government does and burdens the investors likewise. A few states charge S corps on benefits over a predefined limit and different states don't perceive the S corp political race by any stretch of the imagination, essentially regarding the business as a C corp.S corps should record with the IRS to get S corp status, an alternate interaction from enrolling with their state.There are unique cutoff points on S corps. S corps can't have in excess of 100 investors, and all investors should be U.S. residents. You'll actually need to follow exacting documenting and operational cycles of a C corp.S corps additionally have a free life, actually like C corps. On the off chance that an investor leaves the organization or sells their offers, the S corp can keep working together moderately undisturbed.S corps can be a decent decision for an organizations that would somehow or another be a C corp, yet meet the measures to record as a S corp.B corpAn advantage enterprise, here and there called a B corp, is a revenue driven organization perceived by a greater part of U.S. states. B corps are not quite the same as C corps in reason, responsibility, and straightforwardness, however aren't distinctive by they way they're burdened.B corps are driven by both mission and benefit. Investors consider the organization responsible to deliver a type of public advantage notwithstanding a monetary benefit. A few states require B corps to submit yearly advantage reports that exhibit their commitment to the public great.There are a few outsider B corp confirmation administrations, yet none are needed for an organization to be legitimately viewed as a B corp in a state where the lawful status is accessible.Close partnershipClose partnerships look like B corps yet have a less customary corporate design. These shed numerous conventions that commonly administer partnerships and apply to more modest organizations.State rules change, however shares are normally banished from public exchanging. Close companies can be controlled by a little gathering of investors without a directorate.Not-for-profit organizationNot-for-profit organizations are coordinated to do good cause, training, strict, scholarly, or logical work. Since their work benefits general society, philanthropies can get charge absolved status, which means they don't pay state or government charges personal duties on any benefits it makes.Philanthropies should record with the IRS to get charge exclusion, an alternate interaction from enlisting with their state.Philanthropic enterprises need to keep hierarchical guidelines fundamentally the same as a customary C corp. They likewise need to keep uncommon principles about how they manage any benefits they procure. For instance, they can't disseminate benefits to individuals or political missions.Not-for-profits are frequently called 501(c)(3) organizations — a reference to the segment of the Internal Revenue Code that is most generally used to give charge absolved status.HelpfulAn agreeable is a business or association claimed by and worked to support those utilizing its administrations. Benefits and profit created by the agreeable are conveyed among the individuals, otherwise called client proprietors. Ordinarily, a chosen governing body and officials run the agreeable while customary individuals have casting a ballot ability to control the bearing of the helpful. Individuals can turn out to be essential for the helpful by buying shares, however the measure of offers they hold doesn't influence the heaviness of their vote.Consolidate diverse business structuresAssignments like S corp and philanthropic aren't rigorously business structures — they can likewise be perceived as an expense status. It's workable for a LLC to be burdened as a C corp, S corp, or a philanthropic. These plans are undeniably more uncommon and can be more hard to arrangement. In case you're thinking about one of these non-standard designs, you ought to talk with a business guide or a lawyer to help you choose.Choose your business nameIt’s not easy to pick the perfect name. You’ll want one that reflects your brand and captures your spirit. You’ll also want to make sure your business name isn’t already being used by someone else.Register your business name to protect itYou’ll want to choose a business name that reflects your brand identity and doesn’t clash with the types of goods and services you offer.Once you settle on a name you like, you need to protect it. There are four different ways to register your business name. Each way of registering your name serves a different purpose, and some may be legally required depending on your business structure and location.Entity name protects you at state levelTrademark protects you at a federal levelDoing Business As (DBA) doesn’t give legal protection, but might be legally requiredDomain name protects your business website addressEach of these name registrations are legally independent. Most small businesses try to use the same name for each kind of registration, but you’re not normally required to.4 different ways to register your business nameEntity nameAn entity name can protect the name of your business at a state level. Depending on your business structure and location, the state may require you to register a legal entity name.Your entity name is how the state identifies your business. Each state may have different rules about what your entity name can be and usage of company suffixes. Most states don’t allow you to register a name that’s already been registered by someone else, and some states require your entity name to reflect the kind of business it represents in most cases, your entity name registration protects your business and prevents anyone else in the state from operating under the same entity name. However, there are exceptions pertaining to state and business structure.Check with your state for rules about how to register your business name.TrademarkA trademark can protect the name of your business, goods, and services at a national level. Trademarks prevent others in the same (or similar) industry in the U.S. from using your trademarked names.For example, if you were an electronics company and wanted to call your business Springfield Electronic Accessories and one of your products Screen Cover 5000, trademarking those names would prevent other electronics businesses or similar products from using those same names.Businesses in every state are subject to trademark infringement lawsuits, which can prove costly. That’s why you should check your prospective business, product, and service names against the official trademark database,Doing Business As (DBA) nameYou might need to register your DBA — also known as a trade name, fictitious name, or assumed name — with the state, county, or city your business is located in. Registering your DBA name doesn’t provide legal protection by itself, but most states require you to register your DBA if you use one. Some business structure require you to use a DBA.Even if you’re not required to register a DBA, you might want to anyway. A DBA lets you conduct business under a different identity from your own personal name or your formal business entity name. As an added bonus, getting a DBA and fedreal tax ID number (EIN) allows you to open a business bank account.Multiple businesses can go by the same DBA in one state, so you’re less restricted in what you can choose. There’s also more leeway in the clarity of business function. For example, a small business owner could use Springfield Electronic Accessories for their entity name but use TechBuddy for their DBA. Just remember that trademark infringement laws will still apply.Determine your DBA requirements based on your specific location. Requirements vary by business structure as well as by state, county, and municipality, so check with local government offices and websites.Domain nameIf you want an online presence for your business, start by registering a domain name — also known as your website address, or URL.Once you register your domain name, no one else can use it for as long as you continue to own it. It’s a good way to protect your brand presence online.If someone else has already registered the domain you wanted to use, that’s okay. Your domain name doesn’t actually need to be the same as your legal business name, trademark, or DBA. For example, Springfield Electronic Accessories could register the domain name z4fir. You’ll register your domain name through a registrar service. Consult a directory of accredited registrars to determine which ones are safe to use, and then pick one that offers you the best combination of price and customer service. You’ll need to renew your domain registration on a regular basis.Register your businessOnce you’ve picked the perfect business name, it’s time to make it legal and protect your brand. If you’re doing business under a name different than your own, you’ll need to register with the federal government, and maybe your state government, too.See whether you need to enroll your businessYour area and business structure decide how you'll have to enroll your business. Decide those components first, and enlistment turns out to be exceptionally clear.For most private ventures, enlisting your business is pretty much as basic as enrolling your business name with state and neighborhood governments.Now and again, you don't have to enlist by any stretch of the imagination. On the off chance that you direct business as yourself utilizing your legitimate name, you will not have to enroll anyplace. In any case, recall, on the off chance that you don't enroll your business, you could pass up close to home risk assurance, lawful advantages, and tax breaks.Register with government officesMost organizations don't have to enlist with the national government to turn into a legitimate substance, other than just recording to get an administrative assessment ID. Independent companies in some cases register with the central government for brand name assurance or assessment excluded status.On the off chance that you need to reserve your business, image or item name, document with the United States Patent and Trademark office whenever you've shaped your business.In the event that you need charge excluded status for a charitable organization, register your business as an assessment absolved substance with the IRS.To make a S corp, you'll need to document structure 2553 with the IRS.Register with state officesIn the event that your business is a LLC, organization, association, or charitable enterprise, you'll likely have to enroll with any state where you direct business exercises.Commonly, you're viewed as leading business exercises in a state when:Your business has an actual presence in the stateYou regularly have face to face gatherings with customers in the stateA critical bit of your organization's income comes from the stateAny of your representatives work in the stateA few states permit you to enroll on the web, and a few states make you record paper archives face to face or through the mail.Most states expect you to enlist with the Secretary of State's office, a Business Bureau, or a Business Agency.Get a registration agentIn the event that your business is a LLC, enterprise, association, or charitable company, you'll need an enrolled specialist in your state before you record.An enlisted specialist gets official papers and authoritative archives for the benefit of your organization. The enlisted specialist should be situated in the state where you register.Numerous entrepreneurs like to utilize an enrolled specialist administration as opposed to do this job themselves.Document for unfamiliar capabilityIn the event that your LLC, enterprise, association, or charitable company conducts business exercises in more than one state, you may have to shape your business in one state and afterward document for unfamiliar capability in different states where your business is dynamic.The state where you structure your business will believe your business to be homegrown, while each and every other state will see your business as unfamiliar. Unfamiliar capability advises the express that an unfamiliar business is dynamic there.Unfamiliar qualified organizations ordinarily need to settle charges and yearly report expenses in both their condition of arrangement and states where they're unfamiliar qualified.To unfamiliar qualify, record a Certificate of Authority with the state. Numerous states likewise require a Certificate of Good Standing from your condition of arrangement. Each state charges a documenting expense, yet the sum differs by state and business structure.Look at with state workplaces to discover unfamiliar capability prerequisites and charges.Record state archives and chargesMuch of the time, the absolute expense to enroll your business will be under $300, yet charges shift contingent upon your state and business structure.The data you'll require commonly incorporates:Business nameBusiness areaProprietorship, the board construction, or chiefsEnlisted specialist dataNumber and estimation of offers (in case you're a company)The archives you need — and what goes in them — will fluctuate dependent on your state and business structure.Get federal and state tax IDsYou’ll use your employer identification number (EIN) for important steps to start and grow your business, like opening a bank account and paying taxes. It’s like a social security number for your business. Some — but not all — states require you to get a tax ID as well.Get a government charge ID numberYour Employer Identification Number (EIN) is your government charge ID. You need it to cover government charges, enlist representatives, open a financial balance, and apply for permits to operate and allows.It's allowed to apply for an EIN, and you ought to get it done just after you register your business.Your business needs a government charge ID number in the event that it does any of the accompanying:Pays workersWorks as a company of organizationDocuments expense forms for work, extract, or liquor, tobacco, and gunsRetains charges on pay, other than compensation, paid to a non-occupant outsiderUtilizations a Keogh Plan (an assessment conceded annuity plan)Works with specific kinds of associationsApply for an EIN with the IRS help instrument. It will manage you through questions and request your name, government backed retirement number, address, and your "Working together As" (DBA) name. Your nine-digit government charge ID opens up promptly upon check.Change or supplant your EINOn the off chance that you as of now have an EIN, you may need to change or supplant it with another one if certain progressions have happened with your business.Kinds of business changes that may expect you to change or supplant your EIN are:Name changeAddress changeChanges in proprietorshipChanges in administrationChange in charge statusYour necessities will rely upon your business structure and the sort of progress that happened. Check with the IRS to decide precisely whether you need to change or supplant your EIN.Get a state charge ID numberThe requirement for a state charge ID number ties straightforwardly to whether your business should settle state charges. Once in a while, you can utilize state charge ID numbers for different capacities, similar to insurance against data fraud for sole owners.Duty commitments vary at the state and nearby levels, so you'll have to check with your state's sites.To know whether you need a state charge ID, investigate and comprehend your state's laws with respect to personal duties and work burdens, the two most regular types of state charges for private companies.The interaction to get a state charge ID number is like getting a government charge ID number, however it will fluctuate by state. You'll need to check with your state government for explicit advances.State pay and work charges for organizationsSeven states have no personal duty, and another two just force charge on pay from profits. States that do burden pay will decide figures dependent on business structure.Assessments additionally differ by state on business protection and laborers' pay protection. Comprehend these and different ramifications in figuring startup costs and picking a business structure.Visit your state's site to distinguish whether you need to get a state charge ID number to settle state charges.Apply for licenses and permitsKeep your business running smoothly by staying legally compliant. The licenses and permits you need for your business will vary by industry, state, location, and other factors.Federal licenses and permitsYou'll need to get a federal license or permit if your business activities are regulated by a federal agency.Check to see if any of your business activities are listed here, and then check with the right federal agency to see how to apply.Requirements and fees depend on your business activity and the agency issuing the license or permit. It's best to check with the issuing agency for details on the business license cost.State licenses and permitsThe licenses and permits you need from the state, county, or city will depend on your business activities and business location. Your business license fees will also vary.States tend to regulate a broader range of activities than the federal government. For example, business activities that are commonly regulated locally include auctions, construction, and dry cleaning, farming, plumbing, restaurants, retail, and vending machines.Some licenses and permits expire after a set period of time. Keep close track of when you need to renew them — it's often easier to renew than it is to apply for a new one.You'll have to research your own state, county, and city regulations. Industry requirements often vary by state. Visit your state's website to find out which permits and licenses you need.Open a business bank accountA small business checking account can help you handle legal, tax, and day-to-day issues. The good news is it’s easy to set one up if you have the right registrations and paperwork ready.Benefits of business bank accountsAs soon as you start accepting or spending money as your business, you should open a business bank account. Common business accounts include a checking account, savings account, credit card account, and a merchant services account. Merchant services accounts allow you to accept credit and debit card transactions from your customers.You can open a business bank account once you've gotten your Federal EIN. Most business bank accounts offer perks that don't come with a standard personal bank account. Protection. Business banking offers limited personal liability protection by keeping your business funds separate from your personal funds. Merchant services also offer purchase protection for your customers and ensures that their personal information is secure. Professionalism. Customers will be able to pay you with credit cards and make checks out to your business instead of directly to you. Plus, you'll be able to authorize employees to handle day-to-day banking tasks on behalf of the business.Preparedness. Business banking usually comes with the option for a line of credit for the company. This can be used in the event of an emergency, or if your business needs new equipment.Purchasing power. Credit card accounts can help your business make large startup purchases and help establish a credit history for your business.Find an account with low fees and good benefitsSome business owners open a business account at the same bank they use for their personal accounts. Rates, fees, and options vary from bank to bank, so you should shop around to make sure you find the lowest fees and the best benefits.Here are things to consider when you're opening a business checking or savings account:Introductory offersInterest rates for savings and checkingInterest rates for lines of creditTransaction feesEarly termination feesMinimum account balance feesHere are things to consider when you're opening a merchant services account:Discount rate: The percentage charged for every transaction processed. Transaction fees: The amount charged for every credit card transaction.Address Verification Service (AVS) fees.ACH daily batch fees: Fees charged when you settle credit card transactions for that day. Monthly minimum fees: Fees charged if your business doesn't meet the minimum required transactions. Payment processing companies are an increasingly popular alternative to traditional merchant services accounts. Payment processing companies sometimes provide extra functionality, like accessories that let you use your phone to accept credit card payments. The fee categories that you need to consider will be similar to merchant services account fees. If you find a payment processor that you like, remember that you'll still need to connect it to a business checking account to receive payments.Get documents you need to open a business bank accountOpening a business bank account is easy once you've picked your bank. Simply go online or to a local branch to begin the process. Here are some of the most common documents banks ask for when you open a business bank account. Some banks may ask for more. Employer Identification Number (EIN)(or a Social Security number, if you're a sole proprietorship)Your business's formation documents, Ownership agreements and business license.
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