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A middle-school boy had very caring parents. His mother had auditioned and been hired for a small role on a TV game show and flew to California when she was needed. When she was home, she made up for being an absentee mother.Their son was bright but functioned below grade level. He was a sweet but unfocused student. In fact, his level of focus was one of the poorest I’ve ever seen in a student.I am not in favor of medicating every student who stares out of the window. In fact, my own son was diagnosed with ADHD and I didn’t permit him to be medicated. In the early 1980’s, I felt that the medical community did not know enough about the long-term repercussions of ritalin.But this was many years after that when long-term studies had been conducted and everyone felt more comfortable with prescribing them.And sometimes it’s the only way for a child to settle his “frantic” brain in order to learn.That was the case for this child. He was bright. His parents were highly successful, professional people and their son was functioning below grade level.He was in middle school. He had a bright future with supportive parents, but he needed to succeed in school in order to attend the college he often talked about attending.We discussed medication with the parents. I watched them agonize over this. I knew what that felt like, because I had agonized over it myself.In the end, they decided not to go the medication route. Sometimes, with the onset of puberty, a boy’s focus will improve. I could only hope that this would be the case for this boy.

Yes. I will explain what happened to GameStop stock using graphs and analysis. SEC information, professional side information, and it will be in layman’s terms or I will provide an easy to understand meaning of a stock market term.This will take some time so plan on reading this when you have time and can read it slowly and not rush through glancing at it rather than reading it carefully.I will begin with some facts that most readers are not aware of or they have never heard before.Facts to start this answer:There are 3 pieces of information that come from the exchanges for each stock transaction. The time the order was transacted aka filled aka completed. The lot size aka how many shares exchanged hands moving from one person OR entity to another. This is also known as volume. The price that the stock at that millisecond that completed the transaction. IF the price moved up, the volume and order are assigned to the UPSIDE or buyer, IF price moved down, the entire order and volume were assigned to the downside. This establishes whether the stock moved up or down in price for that single order.There are approximately 220 billion orders transacted on an average day on the US stock market venues. This includes public stock exchanges, Over the counter transactions between giant Institutions either buy side or sell side. Buy Side are Mutual funds and Pension funds, Sell side are what most of you think of as Wall Street, the money central banks and companies like Goldman Sachs.The SEC has the legal right to halt stock trading during extreme volatile conditions when price of a stock or group of stocks starts to run up or down at a speed that the SEC has determined undermines the integrity of the stock price or market. Also the SEC can temporarily halt trading of a stock when the balance between buyers and sellers is extreme, or other severe conditions exist, the SEC has the legal and lawful right to halt trading on any stock at any time. This is intended to protect the average investor from excessive risk. The halting of the trading of the stock timeframe is usually only a minute or few minutes and is determined by the SEC based on evaluation of the conditions of that stock’s buy or sell orders.The SEC has TWO methods of constant monitoring of the US stock market. MIDAS the SEC computer which monitors every transaction down to the millisecond scale trading by the professional side. This computer tracks every transaction for time, price, lot size, and buy or sell side execution meaning: did price move up or down for assignment. This is important as this determines how price charts are created. The SEC Midas is a technical analysis of the stock market. The MIDAS has charts you can study on the SEC website.The SEC has the Consolidated Audit Trail aka CAT system that identifies the person or entity on each side of every stock transaction. This is a new system that took many years to develop. Prior to the CAT it was exceedingly difficult to find out who caused a problem such as GameStop this week. With the CAT system which was formally online in late 2019, the SEC can quickly determine who created the volatility and determine if any illegal activity occurred. The SEC is already investigating the GameStop activity of this week using the CAT and Midas systems. As stated, the CAT is new and provides a much faster method of discovery when a serious conflict occurs in a stock price.The SEC has already charged Robinhood brokers for “repeated misstatements to its customers and failure to disclose the company’s receipt of payments from trading firms for routing of Robinhood;s customer orders. Also for failing to satisfy its duty to seek the best reasonably available terms to execute customer orders. Since the SEC wins this kind of case in court all the time, Robinhood agreed to pay 65 million to settle the charges.Whenever there is a a situation of extreme gambling, speculation rampant volatility, the SEC investigates. I am sure the investigation of GameStop’s massive rise from $17 to $500 in a few days will be thoroughly investigated. Someone may even go to prison if there is truly illegal activity.The SEC’s primary purpose is to protect the American investors. All of you need to visit their website, become familiar with what they do and why they are so important to YOU.Now for the Brokers:Brokers have legal rights and legal obligations to their customers. They have fiduciary responsibilities as well. The SEC is relentless in its monitoring of their activity. HOWEVER, even with Midas and CAT investigations take time. The SEC is known for being so thorough most companies, brokers and others simply settle rather than going to court and losing.Brokers can legally adjust their margin offered. Margin is the term used in the stock market when investors or traders borrow money from their broker to buy stocks. Margin can and does vary from broker to broker. One broker may offer 10% margin which is if you have $10,000 dollars in your broker account, then you can borrow $1000.00 plus interest. Margin is normally only used by retail day traders or swing traders and not by long term investors as it costs interest.IF a stock starts to implode, as GameStop did, and someone bought it at $400 with margin and it falls to $100 then the trader will owe their broker more money than they borrowed. The broker will then give their customer who lost all that money on a gamble, a margin call. A margin call is when a customer owes their broker more money than is in their broker account. Some brokers allow a high margin offering which can easily become a massive loss.Brokers in the past have gone bankrupt during sudden market crashes when they had too much margin out and a large group of investors were at margin call situations. When a broker has a many customers losing money on their investments or trades (gambling) the broker can be bankrupt in minutes. Therefore, a broker has the legal right to halt trading on a high risk stock when the stock is too volatile and the risk exceeds all common sense. The SEC WILL investigate every broker who halted the GameStop trading to ensure nothing illegal was done.Okay now I am going to show you the chart of GameStop and explain what I see in terms of what has been happening to this stock since June of last year.First, I want to show you the entire public life of GameStop in a graph. The stock IPO’d back in 2002. It is not a young IPO, nor has its stock price ever been more than about $62.00. Its chart is not impressive. It has not been a great long term stock. It has mostly underperformed for almost 2 decades.The black lines are lines I drew back in 2016 to explain to investors that GME was in a bear business cycle way back then. in 2019 the stock hith a low around $4.00 so long term investors had lost a lot of money on this stock if they bought it anytime since its IPO. It was a total loss for investors. The 2019 low was an all-time low. It dropped slightly lower in 2020. The something fundamentally changed………….I’ve written notes all over this graph chart. It is a monthly line chart. What that means is each segment of the black line is a total month of price activity. If the line goes up, then the stock price rose, if the line goes down the stock price fell for that month. This is a primary aka long term analysis of a stock used for long term investing. It gives us all the information about this company since it IPO’d in 2002.What we can tell is GME did not have good growth and had a longer than normal reinvention phase and declining revenues and earnings from 2013–2020. Then something happened. The pandemic and the lockdown of the economy spurred a growth in demand for its products.The Buy Side Institutions, aka mutual funds, pension funds, ETF developers were on top of this situation during the pandemic. They started accumulating more stock in June of 2020. Accumulation means a slow and steady buying over time that doesn’t disturb the price of that stock. The Buy Side Institutions do not disturb price. They use a special order not available to the retail groups. it is called Time Weighted at Average Price and it is automated. So the institutions who are LONG TERM investors started buying this stock slowly over the entire summer and into the fall long before wallstreetbets did any trading.Here is the daily chart with candlestick charts. a Candlestick chart is the most popular chart because it is easy to read like sheet music or charts used in medicine, science, and other areas. A white candle represents an up day and a black candle represents a down day. Very small candles represent very precise control of price which only a TWAP can do.The above chart clearly shows that Buy Side Institutions started accumulating this stock during the summer of 2020 and into the fall. Then sometime between October and December a Buy Side Institution or perhaps more than one, went to the corporation Gamestop and bought a Block ORDER of shares of stock. I would guess it was late December based upon what transpired recently. That is my opinion for the record.These transactions of a huge block of shares from a company increase the Percentage of Shares Held by Institutions aka PSHI fundamental indicator to over 100%. It was a massive block of stock. This was a long term investment. Some huge entity or a couple of institutions were eager to buy this stock. Block orders are over 1 million and can be as high as perhaps even 20 million shares. We will know as soon as the next release of outstanding adjusts out this anomaly as the shares outstanding will rise when the new reports are out very soon.It is legal for a Buy Side Institution to go directly to the company to buy a Block of millions of shares. It happens fairly regularly on small outstanding shares company stock.Thus something was happening early but this is not speculation and it is not volatility. It is a very controlled purchase price.NASDAQ com has fundamental data you can study for this stock or any stock. I always encourage my followers to use a Primary Data Source Provider rather than a financial news website. Primary Data Source Providers are usually non-biased and the data has been cleansed, sorted and checked for accuracy. This is not the case with many popular websites for investors were I find frequent errors in data and mega misinformation.Always use a Primary Data Source Provider for fundamental data.What happened next??Well I have a lot of questions myself.Who is the leader of wallstreetbets? Is he a retail guru, or famous person, or just somebody who has suddenly emerged to influence a huge group of retail traders and investors? What are his credentials? I am sure the SEC has asked the same questions and is investigating.WHY did this guru with his huge group of followers decide to use GME to force price upward in a manipulative manner? Why GME? It is nothing special. NASDAQ doesn’t even have current fundamentals available which is strange, very odd.I can clearly see pro traders foot prints on the chart after the Buy Side Institutions completed their accumulation and block order. This is normal. Professional floor traders often buy a stock for a swing style momentum run after the Buy Side Institutions have made their long term buying and concluded that lengthy process.Pro traders tend to do setups which trigger HFTs. High Frequency Trading Firms are paid by the exchanges to create liquidity in stocks. HFTs also trade for profit from short term trades. When a stock gaps at open, that is not a well known, high profile stock like GME used to be, then HFTs are usually the reason. HFTs fill the premarket queues with a high number of orders which creates an imbalance in buy and sell orders. The Market Making Computers then adjust price to rebalance the orders forcing price up. This is what causes most gaps, especially big gaps at market open or the first few minutes of the trading day. HFTS are pre market to 5 minutes average first of day automated orders. The triggers are fully automated and there is no human intervention. HFTs use news, Social Media chatter, Dark Data Mining (comes from chatrooms etc of the retail side) technical indicators such as RSI a price and time indicator that is very popular right now with retail traders.The first big move of GME happened in Friday January 22nd. There was no gap that day. The week’s price activity had been a inconsistent consolidation pattern with many smaller lots along with professional traders. Then Friday the stock runs up without a gap. This was speculation but NOT before the market opened. Professionals were aware of something before it was broadcast generally to the retail groups.This is not a high enough price to warrant any big name hedge fund or sell short company to try and sell this stock short. It would not be worth their while to do so. IF there was selling short, it was unlikely a big hedge fund. More likely it was retail.However, on Monday the stock became volatile. See the long line above the black candle body? That is the high for the day and that happened quickly during the first few minutes after open. The open is the high of the black candle. The stock gapped from the Friday close of $65.01 to a open price of $97. 56. That is a huge gap and it is very ODD to occur on a little stock that had been doing nothing for 2 decades. Is is very strange.The gap was 32.55 points. That alone should have alerted any professional or well educated, highly experienced Elite Retail Trader that something was amiss.I do not participate in any social media. It is not of interest to me personally. So I do not have empirical data about what was said or not said on Facebook, Reddit, or wherever. But what I do know with all certainty based on facts, is you can’t trust what is said. Just because someone says something doesn’t make it true. There is more misinformation than facts. I heard that there were “many retail traders bragging about making huge profits on GME.” Whether these traders actually SOLD and took profits OR that was just UNREALIZED trading gains no one knows for certain.What is certain is GME suddenly became the “hot stock of the week: for the retail groups. Robinhood broker suffered a crash of its system. This is not good for any broker and it certainly alerts the SEC.The next 3 days of this week, Tuesday, Wednesday, and yesterday, GME gapped even more. There were claims that wallstreetbets group had forced the price upward to squeeze out hedge funds selling short.Okay, here is my question: If the SEC needs to spend several years developing CAT the Consolidated Audit Trail so they can figure out who bought what and why prices were volatile for a stock or the market—-then how can wallstreetbets know who was selling short?? Or if there were even short sellers and when they were selling short? The SEC hasn’t yet gathered all that data.So how did a group of retail traders discover who was selling short AND that there was a huge loss??? Did a hedge fund admit to that loss? I seriously doubt it. But I am willing to concede IF anyone can prove these accusations and statements. Proof not social media chatter.Who would go up against a hedge fund that has billions to trade? Why would the a group of retail traders decide to go after short sellers and attempt a squeeze against companies that have quadruple the money? Why risk it?There are more questions than answers right now because the SEC hasn’t yet had time to find the answers. However, everybody on social media and the retail news are screaming foul play. Maybe there is.The retail brokers paused trading NOT because they don’t want their customers to make profits. On the contrary. I assure you that retail brokers WANT traders to NOT go bankrupt gambling on margin.Retail brokers halted trading for ONE REASON ONLY:To protect their company from the rising risk that many of their customers buying GME on margin would default and then the broker would be at risk of bankruptcy. This sounds impossible but if you study the history of the stock market brokers can easily be bankrupt rapidly. It was the cause of the 1987 crash and other crashes. That is why brokers limit margin percentages.So the halt was a selfish act of self-preservation and not because they are trying to cheat their customers.Who needs to be investigated:Retail brokers so ensure no laws or regulations were broken. Also retail brokers if they fill from their own inventory of stock, they could be taking a huge loss.Wallstreebets: who is the leader. Who controls this group and why are they going after hedge funds? Why are they trying to do short squeezes?? Why not just trade, take profits and be happy?? Why do what seems to be revenge or whatever???Was there a hedge fund involved?? Is the actual data proving a sell short position lost huge amounts of money?? Or is this just more social media hype?The answers must be found and the facts must be empirical. The SEC WILL investigate and I will read their reports because I know for a fact that the SEC is going to research and investigate to the full extent of the law. I trust the SEC for their accuracy of reports. I never trust the retail news as it is manipulated, inflated rhetoric to sell ads not to accurately inform.GME went ballistic. The why is not known. Many assume they know but they do not have empirical evidence. Nobody does, YET.Martha Stokes, CMT is the Co-Founder and CEO of TechniTraderStock Market Trading Courses for Beginners to Advanced Traders

Bill Ackman. This is arguably Herbalife's key short term risk. This is a guy who just won't quit. He has strong conviction that Herbalife is overvalued. And he is smart and manages a lot of money at Pershing Square. He also has political influence. He got Senator Markey to send letters about Herbalife to its CEO, to the FTC and to the SEC. Ackman's the key reason Markey, SEC, FTC, cares.Pyramid scheme risk. Under US law, Herbalife might be considered a pyramid scheme if less than half of its revenues come from sales to end customers, as opposed to payments from distributors. Is buying product at a discount with the intent to distributeFTC, SEC, states AG, legislative and other governmental actionCivil suits, including class actionSenator Markey - trying to step out of Elizabeth Warren's shadow?Non-US regulatory actionAction in other countries. Just because you're considered legal in the US doesn't mean other countries will have the same laws, facts and interpretations. Will there be more Belgiums?MAALDEF, other powerful Hispanic and Latino groups sue or demand action. In the US Herbalife is exploding among poor Latinos. This is a PR and political nightmare because you do not want to piss off one of the most important, sought after and fastest growing group of voters in America.Contagion Risk. If regulators continue to probe other MLM companies like China is doing with Nu Skin, that could cause Herbalife stock to drop as the risk of regulatory action to Herbalife arguably grows.Accounting Risk. I think this is low. Both KPMB and PwC audited. There were no material amendments to the most recent SEC filing.Poor shareholder conviction. Last year, Herbalife was arguably a mo-mo stock that rose a lot through drafting and copycat buying and not because of strong convictions. I'm interested to see how many Herbalife shareholders are happy buying and not checking the stock price for at least 367 days, much less the 10 years Buffett likes to do. I see Soros, Icahn, Loeb and other heavyweights who are long Herbalife bailing when the going gets too tough. I predict they will sell out most of their positions at some point this year or at the very least next year.Weak R&D. Product line needs to stay freshMLM scheme inefficient/limited life span. Run out of downstream distributors and customers. No one I know likes being approached by MLM folks from World Financial Group, etc., etc.Bad long term business model. The weak R&D and the limits to MLM make this not a great long term business model.From S&P:At this time, I'd like to thank Andrei Kolodovski and many other Quorans for providing some really good content about Herbalife in other parts of this site.Additional disclaimer: I have a position in Herbalife and an order to get out completely. I may change my position on Herbalife without notice. Do your own research. This is not advice of any kind. I am not recommending anything.