Sustaining Knowledge Building As A Principle-Based Innovation At: Fill & Download for Free

Before I write an answer for this question, I want to give some context.After four years of my education in Architecture, I have realized that people have very ambiguous idea of a 'well architected' building. The sad thing is, the common public mistakes 'beauty' and 'aesthetics' as the only thing that Architecture deals with. A fancy weirdly shaped building is mistaken for an 'Architectural Marvel'. I call bullshit on that.Source: WikipediaThe "Walt Disney Concert Hall – Los Angeles" was revealed in 2003 and over the years neighbors complained about it. This was due to the fact that the panels on it were so shiny that sunlight was being reflected directly into their apartment. This caused the temperature to rise by around 15 degrees Fahrenheit and so residents had to use air conditioning more. The team behind the design covered the panels with cloth in 2005. This, is an example of a bad architected space.It is easy to call the whole field of Architecture 'subjective' just because like art, every building will be liked or hated by people. But actually, people don't know how should they be judging buildings. They like or hate them based on whether they like the form, colors, shape, lighting, etc which really is the superficial stuff that an Architect has in his/her mind.The Statue of Liberty and the Eiffel Tower, for example are not even 'Architectures'. They are sculpture and structure respectively. Architecture is more than 'pretty thing to look at' objects. Architecture is experienced, used and lived, not just looked.What should an Architect be doing?You see, a civil engineer designs walls, floors, columns and beams. They need to ensure that the building envelope stands and is safe over a period of time. To them, a building is a system, a structure that needs to be firm and stable.An architect designs space. If cement, sand, metal and bricks are raw materials for a Civil Engineer, 'Space' is the raw material for an architect.We try creating places from spaces (Ashris Choudhury (আশ্রীশ চৌধুরী)'s answer to What is difference between 'space' and 'place' in architecture? Can we make a space into place? ) that people enjoy to live in.The architect prioritizes what the user 'needs': so while an architect designing a residence will value 'comfort', a museum/memorial design will try to get 'awe', 'fascination' evoked in the space, and in a mall design, architect will have 'ambiance' and 'functionality' in mind. Its these 'core' values that the space evokes is what the 'soul' of the design is.A good design can mold its users into happy and efficient people, while bad Architecture can make people stressed, unhappy and unfocused.http://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/public-health-architecture-impact-wellbeingFor example, if a bad architect would design an office, they would do it very easily by designating spaces after they decide the column structure. They would 'allocate' spaces area wise around a central space and have toilets around the corner and be done. This is a poorly 'Architectured' space which sadly most conventional offices are. Such spaces don't encourage conversations and openness. Humans are treated like machines as if all they need is an 'allotted' chamber because we assume everybody wants 'privacy'. People start feeling alienated, bored and less efficient. A good office understands how important good architecture is, to make the space livelier and people more efficient.With this in mind, here's my pick for 'Architect-ured spaces I like'. I will be picking these buildings 'category-wise' because there is no end to good designs.1. Holocaust Memorial Museum, BerlinMemorial | MuseumI speak for this space because I have personally experienced how powerfully architectural design can be used as a narrative to simulate experience. The non uniform blocks symbolizing graves through which the museum is entered offer a subtle context to the space. The blocks grow in size as you pass through them making the overwhelming sense of claustrophobia grow as you reach the entrance. The museum is experienced through an audio-guide using microphones that narrates the incidents of the Holocaust, personalizing stories from the victims of Auschwitz. The use of lighting is done excellently to simulate depression, hope, pain and joy in the spaces. Visitors are left teary eyed and full of emotions as they leave the space with deep sympathies and connection with the victims of Holocaust.The museum achieves its objective perfectly and this remains to me, the best Architectured Space that I have visited.2. Bahai Temple (Lotus Temple), New DelhiReligiousThe space like many temples is designed to create the awe and amazement that a religious space is supposed to evoke. But unlike most temples, where Art dominates over Architecture through sculptures and paintings, the Lotus Temple has a very contemporary design, freeing itself from the semantic grammar of all other religions, which it was precisely designed to do so: create a new 'style' for the Baha'i religion. Its scale, symmetry, surreal ambiance and its landscaping makes it one of the best religious spaces, architecture-wise.3. Fallingwater, PennsylvaniaResidenceFallingwater by Architect Frank Lloyd Wright remains one of the most classic examples of 'Good Architecture'. The house has water flowing right underneath it, blending the space with the nature and merging landscape and built environment together. The natural materials makes the space comforting and relaxing.4. Google Office(s)OfficeGoogle believes in the power of Design as it is evident through the very comforting and inspiring they have in their offices that invigorates creativity and counters stress. Informal spaces are shown to reduce boredom and enhance productivity in workplaces.5. Menara Airport | Mumbai AirportAirportsMumbai:-Airports are mega-systems. They require efficient circulation of people, goods, security, management, and scheduling. Apart from this, Airports also are cultural icons of a country. The first impression an international visitor makes of a country is from the Airport. So, judging by the ability to create an unique impression, I'd pick Mumbai and Menara Airports for the sheer brilliance of fusing contemporary and traditional elements into the design. While Menara Airport displays the fine Islamic jali into the design that creates gives the space a very mosque-like ambiance, Mumbai Airport has Indian elements inspired from peacocks and Indian mandalas. Both spaces create a unique impression.6. Grillagh Water House by Patrick BradleyInnovationThis is a personal favorite. This building is made up of four stacked shipping containers. The entire project is a statement of bravery and confidence of the Architect to convert an already beautiful landscape into a residence for himself using shipping containers, a rather poor choice of material as what some might remark.Here's an overall documentation of how it was done that I'd recommend to any architecture fan.7. Indian Institute of Management, AhmedabadEducationalThe old campus of IIM Ahmedabad is an architectural masterpiece by Louis I. Kahn. The architect used local material in the design which is a homage to Indian vernacular architecture. The voids created in the overpowering brick mass are purely geometrical and form as cooling vents for the entire structure. Also, they act as interaction spaces for the students. There is ample consideration to lighten up the space naturally and ventilate it as well. Kahn's visionary design along with a group of ambitious industrialists has today made the institute one of the most elite, influential and sought after Business Schools in the world.8. Jawahar Kala Kendra, JaipurArt CenterThe Kalakendra by Late Ar. Charles Correa is a standing example of sophisticated Architecture that is deeply spiritual and humane. The plan was prepared by the noted architect Charles Correa in 1986 and the building was ready in 1991. The plan is inspired by the original city plan of Jaipur, consisting of nine squares with central square left open. The Jawahar Kala Kendra adapts and applies concepts from ancient architectural principles called the Vastu Vidya. I personally like the space for its embodiment of local culture, materials and style of architecture.Conclusion:This is, by no means a comprehensive list or even an unbiased one, for I have just scratched the surface and this list is very personal, limited to my knowledge. However, my purpose was not to enlist many buildings but explain how 'Good Architecture' is not millions of dollars pooled together to create shiny boxes of concrete and glass like its being done in Dubai now, but a celebration of human spirit, creativity and innovation. The very premise why Architecture departed from pure 'Engineering' was because it promised to stay humane and not treat buildings as machines to be repaired or configured but spaces to feel and live. While I appreciate the influx of Computational Design, Parametric Architecture, BIM Integrated Construction Project Management, and Sustainable Green Building Technology; Architecture, in my opinion, needs to preserve its core values that it started with.

Hi,Though all of these are big names in education and have good reputation for curating the tech programs. But since we all know that he Covid-19 has hit the economy hard, and there are paradigm shifts happening in how the business is being done, I think the curators which are highly innovative and adaptable to new scenario and technology fast will have more future. For example LPU which relies on innovation !Its automobile graduate program comes with the outcomes like:Engineering knowledge : Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.Problem analysis : Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.Design/development of solutions : Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.Conduct investigations of complex problems : Use research-based knowledge and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.Modern tool usage : Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the limitationsThe engineer and society : Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.Environment and sustainability : Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.Ethics : Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.Individual and team work : Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.Communication : Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.Project management and finance : Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering, management principles and apply the same to one’s own work, as a member or a leader in a team, manage projects efficiently in respective disciplines and multidisciplinary environments after consideration of economic and financial factors.Life-long learning : Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.Competitive Skills : Ability to compete in national and international technical events and building the competitive spiritAbility to comprehend the systems in the field of IC Engines, Automobile, Vehicle dynamics, vehicle testing and Chassis Design.Propose solution build on understanding of Thermodynamics, Automotive suspension systems, Homologation and Pollution Control, Automotive component Design, Computer aided vehicle design and computer aided manufacturing for the solutions to real world problems.Demonstrate the ability to propose cost effective optimized solutions for automobile sector using simulated environment of Computer aided Vehicle design, computer aided manufacturing and computer aided engineering.Effectively build and communicate the solutions crafted using learnings from basic automobile engineering, basic sciences, mathematics and computational skills and tools.The experiential learning pedagogy used by LPU is the mainstay of the program, no wonder a large number of companies come to recruit from the campus.ThanksDVD

There are two terms Norwegians often speak about but are not well understood: the 'straight jacket' or 'sleeping pillow' that oil is for Norway. I will define it a bit and then go on.About 20 percent of Norwegian net exports are economically complex goods. Denmark and Swedens net exports of complex goods are about 45 to 55. atlas.media.mit.eduBetween 1990 and 2011 Norway's manufacturing base declined by half to 19 percent of GDP. Increasingly, what industry is left is serving the oil industry. IMF Report, 2013.Norwegian business culture awards the Gazelle Prize. Of the last 10 winners only 3 had any mention-able export potential and 2 of those were sold to foreign competitors.The Sovereign Wealth Fund will peak in value at about 2030 (about 265 percent of Norwegian mainland GDP). While the elderly population will double by 2060. Norway, is not doing much that is effective in terms of replacing this income or preparing for increasing costs of the welfare system.The combined efforts of the research council of Norway, Norwegian Industry and Business Policy, and Innovation Norway are not setting a clear vision for Norway nor executing clear policy to get towards the currently undefined vision. The report MADE IN NORWAY? details this fairly well.The main causes of the problems are: large companies are primarily STI research related (science, technology, innovation), think triple helix of university, government, industry. 75 percent or so of innovation funding goes to a few long established industries which employ only about 15 percent of the population.Many small companies are solving process problems for the large companies via DUI based research (doing, using, interacting) via creating products, solutions, or services. These companies are busy feeding the already established industries. Most of these DUI companies win their business by a combination of innovation, quality of service, but political and business networks also play an important role domestically, and that political and business network currency is not easily exchanged in foreign markets.For there to be new industries to arise, by the way Norway is taking a passive approach to selecting those industries, significant investments will need to be made, which are not being made. Either by adding or changing roles of the large STI industries or funding new small industries that can rapidly scale up and innovate at the STI level and are able to convince DUI actors to serve them.Norway is also dealing with other emerging issues, right at the top of the list is: sustainable transformations, which can take 40 years or more from start to finish. An example, would be Malmo, Sweden where the western harbor was transformed to become Europe's first carbon neutral neighborhood.Norway's transformation could be rooted by starting at a philosophical level and framing the ideas from the Brundtland Report and Arne Næs into a cohesive vision for creating an environmentally sustainable society.From that philosophy and vision then Norway sets itself to be a global showcase of sustainability via partnering with actors from around the globe to demonstrate what world class sustainability solutions look like. To ensure that societal and economic sustainability follow suit the living lab method is applied..this will help to attract researchers at the forefront of sustainability issues and help to ensure best practices in co-creative design principles.One scenario...Norway builds its new economy by negotiating effectively with green technology leaders from around the globe, but the configuration of the technology solutions is driven by the social sciences. From that foundation, Norway can then start to add value to already existing solutions by having leaders in technology from around the globe in its backyard.......Why social sciences leading the way? Generally, only the most natural science/ engineering focused universities find success with the triple helix or cluster model. Key thinking, transformations are about inputs and outputs and changing behaviors... technology innovation alone is not the most efficient route towards sustainable transformations (Read Gregory Trencher's dissertation for more info).At worst Norway will produce a more efficient, automated, cleaner economy that can compete better on the international stage. At best, Norway becomes a beacon of light for the rest of the world on sustainability issues.Unfortunately, it feels like Norwegian politicians have been brainwashed by neo-liberal values and the Norwegian people are becoming increasingly individualistic and consumer oriented (Norwegians are at all time records of personal debt for example). Norwegians, now are more like Americans, they wave the flag, wear the bunad, follow the traditions but lose the meaning of the foundations of the culture...Norway has had one of the most unique cultures on this planet that is well worth preserving. If its too late, that is hard to say, as the sleeping pillow effect has also distorted Norwegian culture by attempting to freeze and isolate itself from a changing world. Within the innovation field, this can be demonstrated by Norwegian companies participating significantly less with foreign industry to innovate then compared to Sweden or Denmark.If you search for Mariana Mazzucato, Norway after Oil, she states the case quite well in a different light. Well, you can also read Naomi Klein's shock doctrine, Norway did not resist, it went happily along with American and NATO foreign (energy) policy and against its own interests of selling its national treasure cheaply. Although, much credit should be given to Norwegian concession policy, which long predated the oil industry, as being the key reason why Norway preserved so much of its oil wealth. On the other-hand, lost so much of the potential wealth by exporting a lot of unrefined petroleum products. Remember the movie the graduate? Plastics, its the future, Norway should have listened closer. Plastics have the environmental advantage of being able to be recycled, as opposed to fossil fuels going up in smoke.Where does competitive advantage come from? For a niche player such as Norway it should come from uniqueness. Norway is not likely to follow the Asian model of becoming very good at copying and eventually making better products then the west. The further Norway moves from its core values the further it dilutes its competitive advantage, as in Norway's case authenticity matters. Read Gilmore and Pines, Authenticity for more on that.Since Norway has the smallest farms on average in Europe, long travel distances over rough terrain between cities, and expensive labor costs it should have been working on automation long ago and combining that automation with organic industrial agriculture, automated transport, additive manufacturing, etc., etc. Instead, Norway was caught up in some very deeply rooted cognitive and normative barriers such as the enshrinement of labor and protecting the relatively traditional farmer (fine protect the farmer, but make them productive as possible via technology and policy).So, what is required is a vision of Norway 2214 not Norway 1814. Looking towards the future rather than trying to hold on to a past which never existed. The future of Norway is complex, its a wicked problem, there are many avenues of approach, wicked problems are the hardest problems to solve but are well worth it. Even if the problem is not solved, likely the knowledge learned trying to solve it will reduce the problem somewhat and lead to the solving of other problems.Much of what I am talking about comes from the work of many very talented professors much more intelligent then me. Fagerberg, Fitjar, Wicken, Onsager, Castellacci, McCormick, Evans, Geels, Coenen, Lindhqvist, etc., etc.A key problem is Norwegian politicians make decisions largely based on opinion the further away a given policy diverges from well known and understood methods of decision making. The future is one of the greatest unknown-unknowns and the academics have a better view of it then most. However, the academics do not have the same influence as other lobbyists and so complacency and maintaining the status quo are likely to dominate Norway's vision of the future in terms of results for some time...and even when Norway decides to change it has not invested in the infrastructure on how to change.This is not 1969, Norway's building of the oil industry had solid policy standing behind it from hydro and other resource industries. Also, oil extraction was a well understood industry even if new to Norway in the 1960's. In a country where the voters have long voted for the welfare state and safety its hard to foster the development of taking big and bold risks.Having said all of this, increasingly leadership is cognizant of the challenges...the sort of transformation Norway needs to go through takes a significant amount of time at the formation stage before even nascent policies and solutions begin to emerge.Remember when TH!NK was getting off the ground? They had plans for a 4 seater. Ford bought them, rolled back the battery technology while Ford (and other automotive lawyers) fought the Zero Emission Laws in California and New York state. The lawyers won and soon after TH!NK was sold to a Swiss holding company for ONE DOLLAR. Ford murdered TH!NK.Norway could have been a leader in EV's, in charger technology, instead the fantastic EV policy here is used to import foreign cars and charging stations. An EV industry would have helped to launch other sustainable industries..There are associated cultural markers that undermine Norway transforming to a sustainable country exporting high value added products. Some major newspapers were referring to a 'master's sickness' of overly educated youth unable to find jobs. Surely some of those degrees did not have a market need however, one point that should stick is 'how educated does a person have to be to import stuff and sell it to his fellow countrymen? well, a lot less educated then one needs to be to make things and sell it to people in other countries'. So, what was labeled a master's sickness should have been labelled an innovation and lack of attractive exportable goods sickness.Of course Norway I want to provoke you to prove me wrong...Please start doing so now, I am glad to help.