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Good Question By zahid Ahmed .Read the entire article carefully.Travel and tourism’s growthTourism is not only a growth engine but also an employment generator. According to the Economic Survey 2011-12, the sector has the capacity to create large scale employment both direct and indirect, for diverse sections in society, from the most specialized to unskilled workforce. It provides 6-7 per cent of the world'' s total jobs directly and millions more indirectly through the multiplier effect as per the UN''s World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).Completely skipping India because of so many incidents of rape and molestation that came to light last year,” he said. The travel companies were hoping that because of the rupee depreciation, inbound tourism would get a major boost in 2013. Figure 2 shows the Plummeting growth of Foreign Tourist Travels. However, as challenges persist, most are now pinning their hopes on 2014. “In the last one year, inbound tourism has not grown to our expectations due to sluggish economic climate in source markets. We believe this will change and Indian tour operators will reap the benefits of this revival. Another factor that will help India is the depreciation of the rupee by 12 per cent, which will boost inbound tourism in the 2014-15 seasons,” said Arup Sen, director (special projects), Cox & Kings. Figure 3 shows the decreasing trend of GDP as compared to2010-11.Foreign exchange earnings from tourism in 2013 grew 2.2 per cent to $18.1 billion, compared to a growth of seven percent in the previous yearsTravel and tourism’s contribution to GDPTravel and tourism play an important role in India’s economy; compared with other nations, India ranks 14th in the world in terms of its tourism sector’s contribution to the GDP. At time of publication, the World Travel and Tourism Council predict India will sustain the fifth largest amount of growth in the tourism sector of any country. Tourism can offer direct and indirect aid to a nation’s economy. Direct benefits include economic support for hotels, retail shops, transportation services, entertainment venues and attractions, while indirect benefits include government spending on related infrastructure, plus the domestic spending of Indians employed in the tourism sector. The share of Travel & Tourism spending or employment in the equivalent economy-wide concept in the published national income accounts or labour market statistics.Impacts of tourism on the economyTourism can bring many economic and social benefits, particularly in rural areas and developing countries, but mass tourism is also associated with negative effects. Tourism can only be sustainable if it is carefully managed so that potential negative effects on the host community and the environment are not permitted to outweigh the financial benefits. Tourism industry in India has several positive and negative impacts on the economy and society. These impacts are highlighted below.Positive impacts1. Generating Income and Employment: Tourism in India has emerged as an instrument of income and employment generation, poverty alleviation and sustainable human development. It contributes 6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% of the total employment in India. Almost 20 million people are now working in the India’s tourism industry.2. Source of Foreign Exchange Earnings: Tourism is an important source of foreign exchange earnings in India. This has favorable impact on the balance of payment of the country. The tourism industry in India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate.3. Preservation of National Heritage and Environment: Tourism helps preserve several places which are of historical importance by declaring them as heritage sites. For instance, the Taj Mahal, the Qutab Minar, Ajanta and Ellora temples, etc. would have been decayed and destroyed had it not been for the efforts taken by Tourism Department to preserve them. Likewise, tourism also helps in conserving the natural habitats of many endangered species.4. Developing Infrastructure: Tourism tends to encourage the development of multiple-use infrastructure that benefits the host community, including various means of transports, health care facilities, and sports centers, in addition to the hotels and high-end restaurants that cater to foreign visitors. The development of infrastructure has in turn induced the development of other directly productive activities.5. Promoting Peace and Stability: Honey and Gilpin suggests that the tourism industry can also help promote peace and stability in developing country like India by providing jobs, generating income, diversifying the economy, protecting the environment, and promoting cross-cultural awareness. However, key challenges like adoption of regulatory frameworks, mechanisms to reduce crime and corruption, etc, must be addressed if peace-enhancing benefits from this industry are to be realized.Negative impacts1. Undesirable Social and Cultural Change: Tourism sometimes led to the destruction of the social fabric of a community. The more tourists coming into a place, the more the perceived risk of that place losing its identity. A good example is Goa. From the late 60’s to the early 80’s when the Hippy culture was at its height Goa was a haven for such hippies. Here they came in thousands and changed the whole culture of the state leading to a rise in the use of drugs, prostitution and human trafficking. This had a ripple effect on the country.2. Increase Tension and Hostility: Tourism can increase tension, hostility, and suspicion between the tourists and the local communities when there is no respect and understanding for each other’s culture and way of life. This may further lead to violence and other crimes committed against the tourists. The recent crime committed against Russian tourist in Goa is a case in point.3. Creating a Sense of Antipathy: Tourism brought little benefit to the local community. In most all-inclusive package tours more than 80% of travelers’ fees go to the airlines, hotels and other international companies, not to local businessmen and workers. Moreover, large hotel chain restaurants often import food to satisfy foreign visitors and rarely employ local staff for senior management positions, preventing local farmers and workers from reaping the benefit of their presence. This has often created a sense of antipathy towards the tourists and the government.4. Adverse Effects on Environment and Ecology: One of the most important adverse effects of tourism on the environment is increased pressure on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem in each tourist locality. Increased transport and construction activities led to large scale deforestation and destabilization of natural landforms, while increased tourist flow led to increase in solid waste dumping as well as depletion of water and fuel resources. Flow of tourists to ecologically sensitive areas resulted in destruction of rare and endangered species due to trampling, killing, disturbance of breeding habitats. Noise pollution from vehicles and public address systems, water pollution, vehicular emissions, untreated sewage, etc. also have direct effects on bio-diversity, ambient environment and general profile of tourist spots.Environmental degradation, (Pollution) due to tourism should be taken into consideration while promoting tourism. Eco-friendly tourism should be promoted. Wildlife environment should be taken into consideration while promoting tourism. Because Wildlife viewing puts stress on animals and has changed their behavioral patterns. Noise and commotion created by tourists have adverse effect on their behavioral pattern. Litter, impact on tourism should be taken into consideration while promoting tourism. Because the most common impact of tourism is litter, and its effect is almost instant. By employing local people to help clean it up, making their lives slightly easier and more comfortable.Aggressive advertisement campaigns on the tourist destinations should be made to attract more and more tourist. Airport procedures should be simplified. In nutshell if one wants to enjoy nature one must preserve it, otherwise all the exotic destinations will become extinct and the world will not be a beautiful place to live in. Eco friendly tourism should be promoted all over the world and if marvels of nature should be preserved, tourism should take into account the principle and process of sustainable consumption.There are various definitions of tourism. Theobald (1994) suggested that etymologically, the word "tour" is derived from the Latin 'tornare' and the Greek'tornos,' meaning 'a lathe or circle; the movement around a central point or axis.' This meaning changed in modern English to represent 'one's turn.' The suffix -ism is defined as 'an action or process; typical behavior or quality' whereas the suffix -ist denotes one that performs a given action. When the word tour and the suffixes -ism and -ist are combined, they suggest the action of movement around a circle. One can argue that a circle represents a starting point, which ultimately returns back to its beginning. Therefore, like a circle, a tour represents a journey that is a round trip, i.e., the act of leaving and then returning to the original starting point, and therefore, one who takes such a journey can be called a touristThe Macmillan Dictionary defines tourism as the business of providing services for people who are travelling for their holiday. Wikipedia defines it as travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The OECD glossary of statistical terms defined tourism as the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited.Over the decades, tourism has experienced continued growth and deepening ?diversification to become one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world. Tourism has become a thriving global industry with the power to shape developing countries in both positive and negative ways. No doubt it has become the fourth largest industry in the global economy.Similarly, in developing countries like India tourism has become one of the major sectors of the economy, contributing to a large proportion of the National Income and generating huge employment opportunities. It has become the fastest growing service industry in the country with great potentials for its further expansion and diversification. However, there are pros and cons involved with the development of tourism industry in the country. Let us discuss the development as well as the negative and positive impacts of tourism industry in India.DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN INDIAEarly DevelopmentThe first conscious and organized efforts to promote tourism in India were made in 1945 when a committee was set up by the Government under the Chairmanship of Sir John Sargent, the then Educational Adviser to the Government of India (Krishna, A.G., 1993). Thereafter, the development of tourism was taken up in a planned manner in 1956 coinciding with the Second Five Year Plan. The approach has evolved from isolated planning of single unit facilities in the Second and Third Five Year Plans. The Sixth Plan marked the beginning of a new era when tourism began to be considered a major instrument for social integration and economic development.But it was only after the 80’s that tourism activity gained momentum. The Government took several significant steps. A National Policy on tourism was announced in 1982. Later in 1988, the National Committee on Tourism formulated a comprehensive plan for achieving a sustainable growth in tourism. In 1992, a National Action Plan was prepared and in 1996 the National Strategy for Promotion of Tourism was drafted. In 1997, the New Tourism Policyrecognises the roles of Central and State governments, public sector undertakings and the private sector in the development of tourism were. The need for involvement of Panchayati Raj institutions, local bodies, non-governmental organisations and the local youth in the creation of tourism facilities has also been recognised.Present Situation and Features of Tourism in IndiaToday tourism is the largest service industry in India, with a contribution of 6.23% to the national GDP and providing 8.78% of the total employment. Indiawitnesses more than 5 million annual foreign tourist arrivals and 562 million domestic tourism visits. The tourism industry in India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. The Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency for the development and promotion of tourism in Indiaand maintains the "Incredible India" campaign.According to World Travel and Tourism Council, Indiawill be a tourism hotspot from 2009-2018, having the highest 10-year growth potential. As per the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2009 by the World Economic Forum, India is ranked 11th in the Asia Pacific region and 62nd overall, moving up three places on the list of the world's attractive destinations. It is ranked the 14th best tourist destination for its natural resources and 24th for its cultural resources, with many World Heritage Sites, both natural and cultural, rich fauna, and strong creative industries in the country. India also bagged 37th rank for its air transport network. The India travel and tourism industry ranked 5th in the long-term (10-year) growth and is expected to be the second largest employer in the world by 2019. The 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi are expected to significantly boost tourism in India further.Moreover, India has been ranked the "best country brand for value-for-money" in the Country Brand Index (CBI) survey conducted by Future Brand, a leading global brand consultancy. India also claimed the second place in CBI's "best country brand for history", as well as appears among the top 5 in the best country brand for authenticity and art & culture, and the fourth best new country for business. India made it to the list of "rising stars" or the countries that are likely to become major tourist destinations in the next five years, led by the United Arab Emirates, China.Tourist Attractions in India: India is a country known for its lavish treatment to all visitors, no matter where they come from. Its visitor-friendly traditions, varied life styles and cultural heritage and colourful fairs and festivals held abiding attractions for the tourists. The other attractions include beautiful beaches, forests and wild life and landscapes for eco-tourism; snow, river and mountain peaks for adventure tourism; technological parks and science museums for science tourism; centres of pilgrimage for spiritual tourism; heritage, trains and hotels for heritage tourism. Yoga, ayurveda and natural health resorts and hill stations also attract tourists.The Indian handicrafts particularly, jewellery, carpets, leather goods, ivory and brass work are the main shopping items of foreign tourists. It is estimated through survey that nearly forty per cent of the tourist expenditure on shopping is spent on such items.Despite the economic slowdown, medical tourism inIndia is the fastest growing segment of tourism industry, according to the market research report “Booming Medical Tourism in India”. The report adds that India offers a great potential in the medical tourism industry. Factors such as low cost, scale and range of treatments provided in the country add to its attractiveness as a medical tourism destination.Initiatives to Boost Tourism: Some of the recent initiatives taken by the Government to boost tourism include grant of export house status to the tourism sector and incentives for promoting private investment in the form of Income Tax exemptions, interest subsidy and reduced import duty. The hotel and tourism-related industry has been declared a high priority industry for foreign investment which entails automatic approval of direct investment up to 51 per cent of foreign equity and allowing 100 per cent non-resident Indian investment and simplifying rules regarding the grant of approval to travel agents, tour operators and tourist transport operators.The first-ever Indian Tourism Day was celebrated on January 25, 1998. The Year 1999 was celebrated asExplore India Millennium Year by presenting a spectacular tableau on the cultural heritage of India at the Republic Day Parade and organising India Tourism Expo in New Delhi and Khajuraho. Moreover, the campaign ‘Visit India Year 2009’ was launched at the International Tourism Exchange in Berlin, aimed to project India as an attractive destination for holidaymakers. The government joined hands with leading airlines, hoteliers, holiday resorts and tour operators, and offered them a wide range of incentives and bonuses during the period between April and December, 2009.Future Prospects: According to the latest Tourism Satellite Accounting (TSA) research, released by the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) and its strategic partner Oxford Economics in March 2009:The demand for travel and tourism in India is expected to grow by 8.2 per cent between 2010 and 2019 and will place India at the third position in the world.India's travel and tourism sector is expected to be the second largest employer in the world, employing 40,037,000 by 2019.Capital investment in India's travel and tourism sector is expected to grow at 8.8 per cent between 2010 and 2019.The report forecasts India to get capital investment worth US$ 94.5 billion in the travel and tourism sector in 2019.India is projected to become the fifth fastest growing business travel destination from 2010-2019 with an estimated real growth rate of 7.6 per cent.Constraints: The major constraint in the development of tourism in India is the non-availability of adequate infrastructure including adequate air seat capacity, accessibility to tourist destinations, accommodation and trained manpower in sufficient number.Poor visitor experience, particularly, due to inadequate infrastructural facilities, poor hygienic conditions and incidents of touting and harassment of tourists in some places are factors that contribute to poor visitor experience.IMPACT OF TOURISM IN INDIATourism industry in India has several positive and negative impacts on the economy and society. These impacts are highlighted below.POSITIVE IMPACTS1. Generating Income and Employment: Tourism in India has emerged as an instrument of income and employment generation, poverty alleviation and sustainable human development. It contributes 6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% of the total employment in India. Almost 20 million people are now working in the India’s tourism industry.3. Source of Foreign Exchange Earnings: Tourism is an important source of foreign exchange earnings in India. This has favourable impact on the balance of payment of the country. The tourism industry in India generated about US$100 billion in 2008 and that is expected to increase to US$275.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate.4. Preservation of National Heritage and Environment: Tourism helps preserve several places which are of historical importance by declaring them as heritage sites. For instance, the Taj Mahal, the Qutab Minar, Ajanta and Ellora temples, etc, would have been decayed and destroyed had it not been for the efforts taken by Tourism Department to preserve them. Likewise, tourism also helps in conserving the natural habitats of many endangered species.5. Developing Infrastructure: Tourism tends to encourage the development of multiple-use infrastructure that benefits the host community, including various means of transports, health care facilities, and sports centers, in addition to the hotels and high-end restaurants that cater to foreign visitors. The development of infrastructure has in turn induced the development of other directly productive activities.6. Promoting Peace and Stability: Honey and Gilpin (2009) suggests that the tourism industry can also help promote peace and stability in developing country like India by providing jobs, generating income, diversifying the economy, protecting the environment, and promoting cross-cultural awareness. However, key challenges like adoption of regulatory frameworks, mechanisms to reduce crime and corruption, etc, must be addressed if peace-enhancing benefits from this industry are to be realized.NEGATIVE IMPACTS1. Undesirable Social and Cultural Change: Tourism sometimes led to the destruction of the social fabric of a community. The more tourists coming into a place, the more the perceived risk of that place losing its identity. A good example is Goa. From the late 60's to the early 80's when the Hippy culture was at its height, Goa was a haven for such hippies. Here they came in thousands and changed the whole culture of the state leading to a rise in the use of drugs, prostitution and human trafficking. This had a ripple effect on the country.2. Increase Tension and Hostility: Tourism can increase tension, hostility, and suspicion between the tourists and the local communities when there is no respect and understanding for each other’s culture and way of life. This may further lead to violence and other crimes committed against the tourists. The recent crime committed against Russian tourist inGoa is a case in point.3. Creating a Sense of Antipathy: Tourism brought little benefit to the local community. In most all-inclusive package tours more than 80% of travelers’ fees go to the airlines, hotels and other international companies, not to local businessmen and workers. Moreover, large hotel chain restaurants often import food to satisfy foreign visitors and rarely employ local staff for senior management positions, preventing local farmers and workers from reaping the benefit of their presence. This has often created a sense of antipathy towards the tourists and the government.4. Adverse Effects on Environment and Ecology: One of the most important adverse effects of tourism on the environment is increased pressure on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem in each tourist locality. Increased transport and construction activities led to large scale deforestation and destabilisation of natural landforms, while increased tourist flow led to increase in solid waste dumping as well as depletion of water and fuel resources. Flow of tourists to ecologically sensitive areas resulted in destruction of rare and endangered species due to trampling, killing, disturbance of breeding habitats. Noise pollution from vehicles and public address systems, water pollution, vehicular emissions, untreated sewage, etc. also have direct effects on bio-diversity, ambient environment and general profile of tourist spots.ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF TOURISM IN INDIAThe tourism industry in India can have several positive and negative impact on the environment which are discuss below.POSITIVE IMPACTS1. Direct Financial ContributionsTourism can contribute directly to the conservation of sensitive areas and habitat. Revenue from park-entrance fees and similar sources can be allocated specifically to pay for the protection and management of environmentally sensitive areas. Special fees for park operations or conservation activities can be collected from tourists or tour operators.2. Contributions to Government RevenuesThe Indian government through the tourism department also collect money in more far-reaching and indirect ways that are not linked to specific parks or conservation areas. User fees, income taxes, taxes on sales or rental of recreation equipment, and license fees for activities such as rafting and fishing can provide governments with the funds needed to manage natural resources. Such funds can be used for overall conservation programs and activities, such as park ranger salaries and park maintenance.3. Improved Environmental Management and PlanningSound environmental management of tourism facilities and especially hotels can increase the benefits to natural environment. By planning early for tourism development, damaging and expensive mistakes can be prevented, avoiding the gradual deterioration of environmental assets significant to tourism. The development of tourism has moved the Indian government towards this direction leading to improved environmental management.4. Raising Environmental AwarenessTourism has the potential to increase public appreciation of the environment and to spread awareness of environmental problems when it brings people into closer contact with nature and the environment. This confrontation heightens awareness of the value of nature among the community and lead to environmentally conscious behavior and activities to preserve the environment.6. Protection and Preservation of EnvironmentTourism can significantly contribute to environmental protection, conservation and restoration of biological diversity and sustainable use of natural resources. Because of their attractiveness, pristine sites and natural areas are identified as valuable and the need to keep the attraction alive can lead to creation of national parks and wildlife parks.In India, new laws and regulations have been enacted to preserve the forest and to protect native species. The coral reefs around the coastal areas and the marine life that depend on them for survival are also protected.Negative Impacts1. Depletion of Natural Resources: Tourism development can put pressure on natural resources when it increases consumption in areas where resources are already scarce.(i) Water resources: Water, especially fresh water, is one of the most critical natural resources. The tourism industry generally overuses water resources for hotels, swimming pools, golf courses and personal use of water by tourists. This can result in water shortages and degradation of water supplies, as well as generating a greater volume of waste water. (Environmental Impacts of Tourism). In dryer regions like Rajasthan, the issue of water scarcity is of particular concern.(ii) Local resources: Tourism can create great pressure on local resources like energy, food, and other raw materials that may already be in short supply. Greater extraction and transport of these resources exacerbates the physical impacts associated with their exploitation. Because of the seasonal character of the industry, many destinations have ten times more inhabitants in the high season as in the low season. A high demand is placed upon these resources to meet the high expectations tourists often have (proper heating, hot water, etc.).(iii) Land degradation: Important land resources include minerals, fossil fuels, fertile soil, forests, wetland and wildlife. Increased construction of tourism and recreational facilities has increased the pressure on these resources and on scenic landscapes. Direct impact on natural resources, both renewable and nonrenewable, in the provision of tourist facilities is caused by the use of land for accommodation and other infrastructure provision, and the use of building materials (Environmental Impacts of Tourism)Forests often suffer negative impacts of tourism in the form of deforestation caused by fuel wood collection and land clearing e.g. the trekking in the Himalayan region, Sikkim and Assam.2. PollutionTourism can cause the same forms of pollution as any other industry: air emissions, noise, solid waste and littering, releases of sewage, oil and chemicals, even architectural/visual pollution .(i) Air and Noise Pollution: Transport by air, road, and rail is continuously increasing in response to the rising number of tourist activities in India. Transport emissions and emissions from energy production and use are linked to acid rain, global warming and photochemical pollution. Air pollution from tourist transportation has impacts on the global level, especially from carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions related to transportation energy use. And it can contribute to severe local air pollution. Some of these impacts are quite specific to tourist activities where the sites are in remote areas like Ajanta and Ellora temples. For example, tour buses often leave their motors running for hours while the tourists go out for an excursion because they want to return to a comfortably air-conditioned bus.Noise pollution from airplanes, cars, and buses, as well as recreational vehicles is an ever-growing problem of modern life. In addition to causing annoyance, stress, and even hearing loss for humans, it causes distress to wildlife, especially in sensitive areas .(ii) Solid waste and littering: In areas with high concentrations of tourist activities and appealing natural attractions, waste disposal is a serious problem and improper disposal can be a major despoiler of the natural environment - rivers, scenic areas, and roadsides.In mountain areas of the Himalayas and Darjeeling, trekking tourists generate a great deal of waste. Tourists on expedition leave behind their garbage, oxygen cylinders and even camping equipment. Such practices degrade the environment particularly in remote areas because they have few garbage collection or disposal facilities .(iii) Sewage: Construction of hotels, recreation and other facilities often leads to increased sewage pollution. Wastewater has polluted seas and lakes surrounding tourist attractions, damaging the flora and fauna. Sewage runoff causes serious damage to coral reefs because it stimulates the growth of algae, which cover the filter-feeding corals, hindering their ability to survive. Changes in salinity and siltation can have wide-ranging impacts on coastal environments. And sewage pollution can threaten the health of humans and animals. Examples of such pollution can be seen in the coastal states of Goa, Kerela,Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, etc.3. Destruction and Alteration of EcosystemAn ecosystem is a geographic area including all the living organisms (people, plants, animals, and micro-organisms), their physical surroundings (such as soil, water, and air), and the natural cycles that sustain them. Attractive landscape sites, such as sandy beaches in Goa, Maharashtra, Kerela, Tamil Nadu; lakes, riversides, and mountain tops and slopes, are often transitional zones, characterized by species-rich ecosystems. The threats to and pressures on these ecosystems are often severe because such places are very attractive to both tourists and developers. Examples may be cited from Krushedei Island near Rameswaram. What was once called paradise for marine biologists has been abandoned due to massive destruction of coral and other marine life. Another area of concern which emerged at Jaisalmer is regarding the deterioration of the desert ecology due to increased tourist activities in the desert.Moreover, habitat can be degraded by tourism leisure activities. For example, wildlife viewing can bring about stress for the animals and alter their natural behavior when tourists come too close. Safaris and wildlife watching activities have a degrading effect on habitat as they often are accompanied by the noise and commotion created by tourists.CONCLUSIONIndia could be a country with varied culture and traditions. The natural fantastic thing about India, festivals, dresses, heritage sites of India area unit extremely popular among tourists. Kerala, Darjeeling, Goa, Kashmir, Shimla (I am simply having few names) and Manali area unit best scenic places in India. Commercial enterprise business in India has large potential for generating employment and earning great amount of interchange besides giving a positive stimulus to the country’s overall economic and social development. Promotion of touristy ought to be done in order that commercial enterprise in India helps in protective and sustaining the variety of the India’s natural and cultural environments. commercial enterprise in India ought to be developed in such means how some way the way the simplest way} that it accommodates and entertains guests in an exceedingly way that’s minimally intrusive or harmful to the setting and sustains & supports the native cultures within the locations it’s operational in. commercial enterprise could be a multi-dimensional activity, and essentially an industry. All wings of the Central and State governments, non-public sector and voluntary organizations ought to become active partners within the endeavour to realize property growth in commercial enterprise if India is to become a world player within the commercial enterprise business.Tourism industry in India is growing and it has vast potential for generating employment and earning large amount of foreign exchange besides giving a fillip to the country’s overall economic and social development. But much more remains to be done. Eco-tourism needs to be promoted so that tourism in India helps in preserving and sustaining the diversity of the India's natural and cultural environments. Tourism in India should be developed in such a way that it accommodates and entertains visitors in a way that is minimally intrusive or destructive to the environment and sustains & supports the native cultures in the locations it is operating in. Moreover, since tourism is a multi-dimensional activity, and basically a service industry, it would be necessary that all wings of the Central and State governments, private sector and voluntary organisations become active partners in the endeavour to attain sustainable growth in tourism if India is to become a world player in the tourism industry.Good Luck!G. M. R

From the elevating of microchips mere millimeters for inspection, to conveying multi-ton machinery dozens of feet in the air, the raising of loads is reaching all new levels of sophistication.By Elisabeth EitelVertically elevating loads is a ubiquitous task in engineering, but prevailing over gravity while maintaining safety and accuracy calls for myriad approaches. Leveraging mechatronics for failsafe backups is one trend; trimming consumption and recapturing energy is another. As in many other motion applications, sensors and microprocessors are proliferating. However, this technological renaissance is particularly dramatic with regard to elevator, lift, and hoist designs, due to their initial costs.A perfect example is the adoption of variable frequency drives (VFDs) in cranes and elevators: Hoisting speeds have skyrocketed, and for cranes, capacities exceed 1,000 tons. Explains Jeffrey Iacco, president of overhead-crane manufacturer and distributor IWI Inc., Cleveland, “A lot of older cranes have dated dc controls, but during strategic retrofitting, we fit these with new, more reliable motors and VFDs — the latter allowing for more flexibility in setup and speeds.”Iacco adds that his company has been converting cranes to VFDs for the last decade, because the change allows plants to consolidate operations onto ac power — a far more universal power supply than dc.Common nonload brake hoists (which leverage motor torque rather than a mechanical lock to lower, hoist, or suspend loads) employ VFDs in either open or closed-loop vector control, depending on the lift's mechanical design and class. Load-brake hoisting is operated in open-loop vector control — which accurately controls torque over a wide speed range, just like dc drive control.The lack of shaft position feedback necessitates rotor tracking by other means, but eliminating the feedback device, VFD input, and cabling can offset the slight motor-performance loss. This setup requires no dynamic braking (which dissipates energy via the VFD out to resistors) as the load brake controls the rate of decline and absorbs the descending load's potential energy.“We notice cyclical swings in the percentage of retrofit versus new crane builds, and lately, 80% of business has been new build — likely due to the improving economy,” Iacco mentions. New units are used in myriad applications. Currently, IWI is executing an installation for a packaging company that produces salad bowls and trays; they are also fitting a crane for a hydraulic-cylinder manufacturer. “However, new builds are fit with ac drives at the onset,” Iacco concludes.Elevators are enjoying technological gains as well. “Elevator controls, which for decades were technologically behind the curve, are now pretty close to the curve in turns of their modernity,” explains David Fried, vice president of Van Deusen & Associates (VDA), New York and Livingston, N.J. Originally, elevator drives were either ac or dc rheostatic — or used variable voltage with a motor generator set, what was called the Ward Leonardsystem. Increasingly, newer elevators and high-speed varieties for high-rise buildings run on ac power instead of dc. “It's true that some large dc machines are driven by semiconductor-controlled rectifiers (SCRs) of various sorts instead of motor generator sets,” says Fried. Relay-logic controls are superseded by solid-state components. “Even so, though SCRs are a fairly recent addition to the lineup of elevator componentry — only appearing within the last 20 or so years — we're already seeing them superseded by Power Factor 1 types of drives that are even more efficient.”Most modern high-speed elevators found in high-rises sport motors powered via variable-voltage/variable-frequency ac (VVVFAC) drives. Says Fried, “Until recently, VVVFAC drives could only drive at about 50 hp at relatively slow speeds of around 350 fpm, but now the newest units can power 200-hp machines moving elevators at up to 2,000 fpm in the highest-rise buildings.”Mechanical considerationsOn cranes, the mechanical gears, wheels, and bearings can last decades — even if the runways or trolleys require replacement. According to Iacco, where cranes are repurposed, their relocation from one bay to another typically requires a resizing of spans — which can require on-site reconfiguration, welding, and so forth. Even so, older trolleys with cast-iron frames, drums, and gear cases can be replaced with modern, compact units, and in many cases, boost crane capacity with trolley-weight reduction alone. Modern precision gearing can also reduce vibration, wear, and noise common in older cranes, while flux vector control boosts functionality. However, Iacco advises, “Plant engineers leading a repurposing or new crane purchase must have a reasonably accurate estimation of what the crane's duty cycle will be. Will the crane be used infrequently, or will it function as part of a production line operating 24 hours a day?”Swing during liftsWhere motor-driven systems abound in permanent installations, free-range forklifts often make use of hydraulic drives for hoisting, and rack and pinions for concurrent guiding. How is accuracy maintained? In one case, Novotechnik U.S. Inc., Southborough, Mass., supplies RSM2800-Series multiturn angle sensors to The Raymond Corp., Greene, N.Y., for its 9000 Series Swing-Reach rotating forklifts. Unlike normal varieties, for which forks swing around when an operator turns the lift, the 9000's forks swivel to point forward or sideways. This feature lets the forklift squeeze into narrower storage aisles (even down to 66-in.) and lift 3,000-lb loads by 45 ft.For controls, the 9000 uses Raymond's Intellispeed control and ACR system, which coordinates axes' speeds based on load, and smoothes lift-and-lower speeds. The lifting forks vertically travel on a mast with hydraulic cylinders and steel rails. However, Raymond engineer Dan Driscall explains, “This system swivels and travels back and forth, so for stability we must track the center crossing and approaches to end points. The mast and forks move with rack-and-pinion steering, requiring multiturn measurement.”To this end, the noncontact RSM2800 sensor measures angles to 5,760° for position and dynamic tracking, even down to 0.078 in. The sensor can also track position and turn counts without power using giant magnetoresistance. Here, when magnetic layers inside the unit are parallel, resistance drops; as they turn out of this alignment, resistance increases — as does its value used to measure position. One detector measures rotation angle (converted to voltage output by controls), while another counts turns.Lifting dangerous loads a tadIn another heavy-load application — nuclear-fuel transport — lifting capabilities for finessing objects into place is more important than compactness. Consider this: Transnuclear Inc., Columbia, Md., has developed what one might call prefabricated long-term housing for the storage of spent nuclear fuel. Called NUHOMS, these concrete abodes incorporate layers of lead, steel, and helium in cylinder-shaped docks that accommodate spent-fuel casks.How are the casks inserted into their final resting places? Wheelift Systems of guided-vehicle manufacturer Doerfer TDS Automation group, Waverly, Iowa, makes cars for these casks, and the company's Self-Propelled Modular Transporter can even augment or eliminate heavy lifting equipment such as cranes. Much like the Raymond 9000 forklift, this vehicle is a multitasker: Omnidirectional steering from the Wheelift coupled with a 10-in. lifting capability allows one remotely located operator to align casks being deposited in NUHOMS docks to within 1/32 in., and eliminates independent leveling and alignment.Constellation Energy's Ginna Nuclear Power Plant in New York is the first to use Wheelift transporters in their NUHOMS spent-fuel storage operations.Protecting peopleGranted, escalators aren't as hazardous as spent nuclear fuel — unless you believe the warnings put on pairs of a certain popular rubber clog. Even so, the reliability of people lifts is paramount. For old units being retrofitted, most developers, property managers, and engineers upgrade when an elevator's downtime, repair costs, and complaints increase. As John Powers of Century Elevator Inc., Quincy, Mass., explains, frequent repairs can lead to a feeling — real or imagined — that safety is being compromised. “We also get upgrade calls if there's electrical noise — mainly a nuisance to those working nearby — or vibration, which can damage the structure itself,” adds Powers.Sometimes, historical elevator upgrades require creativity. Last year, when a Boston nightclub owner wanted to refurbish a glitzy elevator, the Century Elevator team overhauled the circa-1900 unit with a custom redesign of mechanical and electrical inner workings. “However, the older a unit, the more chance we may need to jury-rig parts from other sources,” Powers explains. More typical projects involve standard repairs and regular installations in offices, residential complexes, retail sites, and warehouses.ASME dictates the national safety code for the United States — A17.1 — for new elevators and escalators. “Local city and state jurisdictions adopt that code with modifications — such as New York City's Appendix K, for example — which ensures that elevators adhere to both ASME and the city's building-code requirements,” adds Fried of Van Deusen & Associates.Page 3 of 5In addition, ASME 17.3 for existing elevators and escalators establishes retroactive safety requirements and inspection schedules. According to a representative of Schindler Elevator Corp., Morristown, N.J., common traction or “roped” elevators require one low-speed, no-load test each year, and a full-load, full-speed test every five.Standards do not change with technology. To the contrary, codes and safety requirements are performance based. ASME guidelines are phrased, “A means will be provided to control the speed of the car” or “A means will be provided to remove power from the car in the event of overspeed,” but these standards do not dictate minute details of an elevator's inner workings — or the means and methods to execute these functions.Now, the sophistication of newer equipment allows for diagnostics, remote monitoring, and overall troubleshooting capabilities, which can contribute to higher safety for elevators; reliability has also improved significantly.“By the same token, for safety and to satisfy ASME requirements, all elevators must have a friction brake able to hold 125% of the load on a passenger unit, and the car must level and stop in each direction, even when carrying 125% of rated load,” explains Fried.He adds that on modern equipment, these brakes are normally just holding brakes, and not a means for slowing — so they're applied only after the elevator has stopped. The only elevators that use brakes for slowing are old single-speed ac or dc rheostatic cars found in legacy apartment houses or loft buildings, for example — and their leveling capability is marginal.While regional directives apply to regular passenger elevators, application-specific requirements apply to specialty lifts and hoists. Consider DIN 56950, a European entertainment-technology safety directive. This standard spells out requirements when stage lifts are constructed for international sale.As Ann Marie Fortunate of Serapid Inc. explains, “On full-stage lift systems with platforms, additional safety precautions are taken — including installation of an astragal safety edge, which has sensors for obstructions in the lift's path. Controls are also programmed with deadman switches on remote pendants. With these, the pendant button must be held by the operator, and if released, the system stops.” Often, Serapid also designs interlocks into the controls, preventing stage lifters from moving if access doors are open, and locking these same doors if the platform isn't in a safe position.For industrial hoists and cranes, two groups establish safety standards for lifts and hoists. Iacco of IWI explains, “It is the manufacturer's responsibility to ensure that machinery meets applicable codes — namely, those of the Crane Manufacturers Association of America (CMAA) and Hoist Manufacturers Institute (HMI). Components must be sized to safely raise, lower, and hold loads. A design's drive and motor must output adequate shaft torque for the mechanical design and CMAA/HMI service class.” Typical guidelines require at least two means of braking for most setups.Electromechanical hoists often prevent overspeed and travel with open-loop drives paired with mechanical safeties, or encoders output shaft speed feedback to warn the VFD of overspeed. Dynamic braking is often counted as a brake.Give your crane a (modern) brakeWhile we're discussing brakes for safety, consider this: Eliminating inefficient holding and friction brakes can actually improve performance while reducing wear and allow gearing and other components to operate more coolly. Aaron Kureck at Magnetek Inc. underscores that modernizing, retrofitting, and repairing cranes requires the replacement of outdated or unserviceable crane brakes. Here's why:Boosting escalator efficiencyNew brake performance is improved, and brake linings last longer, particularly when used in conjunction with ac adjustable frequency controls or digital dc controls. In many cases, their pivot-arm journal bearings are replaced with self-lubricating composite bearings, which resist shock, contaminants, and corrosion.Some newer brakes even adjust automatically to compensate for lining wear and balanced brake pad wear — for extended brake life.Old hydraulic brake systems, which tend to leak, can be replaced with modern brake-by-wire packages incorporating foot-pedal-operated ac thruster brakes that still “feel” like hydraulic brakes to operators.Kureck also points out that complete “drop-in” brake packages meet performance and dimension characteristics of original-equipment brakes — often at a lower cost than replacement components — with significantly shorter lead times. They can operate with existing brake wheels and avoid costly brake-support modifications.Heavy-duty caliper disc brakes with ratings from 50 to 30,000 ft-lb can replace existing brakes in high-duty-cycle, high-speed, or high-torque stopping ac or dc applications.Potential energy: Use it if you got itFinally, low-cost ac thruster brakes often replace aging dc drum brakes. These eliminate the need for ac-dc rectifier panels, and some support stepless, externally adjustable time delays for both brake setting and release; external torque springs permit maintenance personnel to dial-in just the right amount of stopping torque for traverse motions; and automatic adjustment and automatic equalization reduce maintenance costs.Power Efficiency Corp., Las Vegas, takes another tack to improving lifting applications: You guessed it, efficiency. The company designs and sells motor controllers that reduce energy consumption in ac-induction motors.Page 4 of 5When induction motors are lightly or variably loaded, they tend to be inefficient, because they're designed to run most efficiently at high loads — and motors in escalators are no exception. These big units are designed for heaviest-case scenarios, in which passengers populate every single step, but this rarely happens (except, for example, at closing time during a McCormick Place, Chicago, tradeshow) so the motor is usually lightly loaded and wasting electricity. In fact, most normally run at under 40% of full load — squandering millions of dollars annually to run lifts and elevators at hotels, airports, transit stations, and even industrial mining and plastics facilities.Power Efficiency's answer to the problem — E-Save Technology — is a three-phase motor controller that is more like a soft-start (that continually monitors load, not just at startup) than a VFD. How? VFDs control motor speed by changing voltage and frequency. In contrast, Power Efficiency's controller maintains line-voltage frequency and speed while shaping input power.More specifically, its algorithms monitor motors and provide just enough power to perform a given mechanical task. In short, voltage to the motor is reduced under light loading with a dip in magnetizing current (and iron losses) during each ac half cycle. This also cuts the power's inductive component to increase the power factor. Meanwhile, a fast-response algorithm stands ready to apply full power to the motor in case of sudden load increases. The units reduce energy use by up to 35% in constant-speed applications, and large escalator and elevator motors benefit. On 40-hp escalators at Caesars Palace Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, for example, Power Efficiency's motor controller lowers average kW use from 6 to about 4.In fact, Powers of Century Elevator concurs on the value of efficiency. After safety, facility engineers' second most common reason for initiating elevator upgrades with his company is to reduce energy costs. Here, he argues that a new unit is usually more efficient. However, there's a caveat: On newer buildings, elevators become obsolete more quickly, because according to Powers, new solid-state gear and microprocessors have shorter life spans than older relay-logic equipment.Wedges in smaller liftsIt's not just finessed input that can reduce energy expenditures for lifting and hoisting; regenerative braking in these vertical applications makes use of gravity to wring some of the unused output from a system.As in horizontally oriented motion designs, regeneration occurs in vertical lifts and hoists when the load overhauls its driving motor and causes it to function as a generator — typically, when the load descends. Then, the motor generates electricity that flows back to the inverter dc bus, causing its voltage to rise.Reconsider the Raymond Corp. forklift discussed earlier — a sophisticated version of an otherwise workaday vehicle. The design iteration recovers energy as it lowers loads, just as most nonload brake hoists can regenerate.Here's the catch: If the energy from a motor being overhauled by the load is not removed, the inverter overvoltages. Dynamic braking is one option that removes regenerated energy with resistors. Another more efficient option is the integration of a regenerative drive that recaptures this energy by turning it into three-phase 60-Hz power that's re-fed to the power supply to reduce total electricity use.A series of such regenerative drives is used at the fully automatic logistics center of B&R Industrial Automation Corp., Roswell, Ga., at its global headquarters in Eggelsberg, Austria. Ultra-modern storage and retrieval machines leverage control, visualization, and drive technology from B&R to cover total warehouse space of 6,600 mMachine Design courtesy

Founded in Hong Kong in 1974, a large-scale blow molding machine manufacturer, a high-tech enterprise specialized in the development and sales of blow molding industrial equipment and molds/products.Akei Group was founded by Dr. Tan Bingli, a well-known Hong Kong entrepreneur. It has been more than 40 years since its establishment in 1974. It is a high-tech enterprise that specializes in the development and sales of blow molding industrial equipment, molds and products. It is a member of the American Plastics Association. .Headquartered in Hong Kong, Akei Group is the group’s overall development plan, international market expansion and production center. The group began to set up a blowing production plant in Shenzhen in 1991. At the end of 1998, it invested more than 100 million yuan to establish Akei Industrial Park in Kaiping City, Guangdong. It covers an area of ​​210 acres and 140,000 square meters, including blow molding machinery, blow molds, precision injection molds, blow molding product development and production bases. The group has more than 1,200 employees, and has created a management team and technology research and development team with excellent comprehensive quality, strong business ability and high technical level. Among them, middle and senior managers and middle and senior technical titles account for more than 30% of the total number of employees. .For more than 40 years, under the leadership of the chairman of the group, Dr. Tan Bingli, Akei Group has worked hard to overcome the high-quality bottle blowing machinery and technology developed. Its high output, good quality, stable performance, and excellent functions have been praised by customers at home and abroad. It has won dozens of awards in the technical field, a number of invention patents are of high technical level, and the products are sold well in more than 30 countries and regions. The group provides good and complete customer service and technical support, and its sales and service network spreads all over the world. Akei Group is currently one of the largest blow molding machine manufacturers in the world.JinJun Machinery is the recognized leader in high-speed monolayer and multilayer extrusion blow molding machines and systems in the China. Producing the highest quality containers for a broad range of applications, container sizes and production requirements, JinJun Machinery’s all-electric* blow molding systems have been engineered to exceed capacities, cost and bottle quality previously thought to be unreachable.JinJun’s Extrusion blow molding machine is the most famous in the world. their machine is widely used on Cosmetics, chemical containers, daily detergents, milk industry. Especially, In PETG blow molding, JinJun have achieved the advantage of leading in China and in the world. So far, only heir machine in the world can make PETG bottles so beautiful.With nearly a thousand users and more than 2,000 successful cases running around the world day and night. Since 1999, “super” blow molding machines have been exported to more than 20 countries including Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Brazil, Venezuela, Peru, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Australia, the United States, Mexico, Russia, Cuba, South Africa, Kenya and Egypt. Welcome friends all over the world to come to visit.Founded in 1987, focusing on the field of plastic hollow molding, an intelligent mechanical equipment company integrating mechanical design/R&D/production/sales and serviceGuangdong Leshan Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd. is a company listed on the New OTC Market. Its stock abbreviation is Leshan Intelligent, and its stock code is 871695. The company was established in August 1995 and is located in Wusha Industrial Zone, Daliang, Shunde District, Foshan City. It covers an area of ​​about 37,570 square meters and has more than 350 employees. It has developed into a company focusing on the field of "plastic hollow molding", integrating mechanical design, research and development. , Production, sales and service of intelligent machinery and equipment company.The company's main products include bottle blowing machine series, precision molds, motor series, auxiliary machine series, key engineering design and construction, etc. Among them, the bottle blowing machine products are produced in accordance with international standards and have the CE qualification of the EU mandatory certification.Leshan Intelligent is one of the drafters of China's bottle blowing machine industry standards and a national high-tech enterprise. Over the years, the company has undertaken to complete 4 national projects, 12 provincial projects, and more than 10 regional projects. It has achieved 3 scientific and technological achievements, formulated 3 enterprise standards, has 43 nationally authorized utility model patents, 10 invention patents, and 27 patents in transit, including 13 utility model patents and 14 invention patents. It has 9 domestic registered trademarks, 5 trademarks in transit; 7 international registered trademarks, namely: Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Russia, Egypt, Australia, Vietnam, and 3 trademarks in transit. He has won the third prize of Guangdong Science and Technology Progress Award, the second prize of Foshan Science and Technology Progress Award, and the first prize of Shunde District Science and Technology Progress Award.Leshan Intelligent has a remote after-sales service system for equipment, a global after-sales technical support and personnel training, and a mobile spare parts warehouse. Leshan is a Chinese manufacturer that provides users with all-round blow molding machine technical training for free, and is also a supplier of comprehensively planned blow molding production lines (key engineering). At present, the company has established a WeChat installation report system to facilitate customers to report for repairs at any time.After nearly 20 years of development, Leshan Intelligent has grown into one of the companies with strong R&D strength, strong technological innovation ability and large-scale production capacity in the bottle blowing machine equipment industry, with an annual production scale of more than 500 sets of bottle blowing machines. The company has also reached a good cooperative relationship with many world-renowned companies and China’s top 500 companies, such as Unilever, P&G, Walch, Mobil, Danone, Bp, Uni-President, Shell, PetroChina, Wahaha, Liby, Mengniu, Yili, Nasdaq. Many well-known companies such as Ace, Mobil, Haocaitou, June Yao Group, etc.Established in Germany in 1935, a well-known enterprise in the global extrusion blow molding equipment market, has developed intelligent production solutions for many value-added products in the extrusion blow molding fieldKautex Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. has developed intelligent production solutions for many value-added products in the field of extrusion blow molding. However, the company's goal is to work with customers and business partners to become a leader in creating value-added in the changing times.The past makes the future. Kautex Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. was born in Germany in 1935. Today, as one of the leading companies in the global extrusion blow molding equipment market, it has approximately 600 employees worldwide, and has established production bases in Germany and China, with more than 150 sales and service personnel spread across all continents of the world.Kautex's innovation history began with a commercial blow molding machine. To this day, it still has leading expertise and knowledge in many fields, the company is fast, flexible and diverse, and operates globally. More than 100 employees have always focused on work in the field of innovation, such as the research and development of the digital twin system for extrusion blow molding machines. In addition, greatly reducing the weight of products, exploring the processing methods of saving materials or recycled materials, and using recycling systems to promote the recycling of plastics are all part of the company's genes.Under the Huawang Industrial Group, an enterprise specializing in the design/manufacturing and sales of blow molding processing equipment, with blow molding machines/blow molding machines as its main productsZhangjiagang Wangpai Machinery Co., Ltd. is an enterprise specializing in the design, manufacture and sales of blow molding processing equipment within Huawang Industrial Group. Based on 38 years of experience in high-quality machinery design and manufacturing in Taiwan, the company relies on the group's abundant human resources and standardized management system, and cooperates with many well-known parts suppliers around the world, diligently and continuously, and is committed to providing customers with cost-effective Excellent blow molding machine equipment. It has a sales and service network radiating all provinces and cities across the country, with Shenzhen in the south, Harbin in the north, and Urumqi in the west.Zhangjiagang Huafeng Heavy Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. manufactures and sells blow molding machines and blow molding machines with the registered trademark of "Ace". At the same time, it also engages in other products of the group (injection molding machines, hollow molding machines and auxiliary equipment). The products cover the entire plastic field. In addition to satisfying the domestic market, it is also exported to Europe, the United States, Japan, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Russia.Zhangjiagang Huafeng Heavy Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. not only provides customers with high-quality processing equipment, but also provides customers with system services of whole plant planning, investment analysis, equipment selection, process guidance and personnel training.Founded in 1999, it is a scientific and technological enterprise integrating R&D, production and sales of plastic hollow molding machinery. Its products are mainly plastic extrusion hollow productsEstablished in 1999, Tongda Machinery is a high-tech enterprise integrating R&D, production and sales of plastic hollow molding machinery. Tongda covers an area of more than 70 acres and has two production bases in Fenghuang and Tangqiao. There are more than 200 employees and many innovative R&D engineers.In recent years, the company has taken innovation as the leading factor, followed the trend of the world's plastic machine innovation, and continued to innovate independently. The company's products are mainly plastic extrusion hollow products, especially the high-efficiency high-speed extrusion hollow production line catching up with the international technology level. It has been widely recognized and highly praised in the production process of many well-known domestic and foreign companies, and more than 40% of the products are exported. It is exported to 75 countries and regions in Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America.Established in 1987, a large film equipment manufacturer, a film equipment supplier integrating R&D/design/production and salesGuangdong Jinming Precision Machinery Co., Ltd. (stock code: 300281) was established in 1987. It is a thin film equipment supplier integrating R&D, design, production and sales. It is also one of the few in the industry that has the strength to provide a full range of thin film equipment and solutions. Brand, Jinming products cover film blowing units, film casting units and film stretching units. As of 2016, Jinming has provided thousands of sets of professional equipment and services to users in more than 40 countries and regions around the world, making Jinming one of the largest film equipment manufacturers in the world.After 30 years of development, Jinming has a wide range of applications in food packaging, daily necessities packaging, agricultural film, medical packaging, automotive film, electronic protective film, construction and special applications with its technical advantages and rich experience.Jin Ming also actively seeks cooperation in the upstream and downstream industrial chains, and provides high value-added products and services to company customers to promote the development of the film equipment industry.Founded in 1992, a large-scale packaging equipment manufacturing base, a listed company focusing on the R&D, manufacturing and sales of smart packaging equipment and unmanned retail equipmentHangzhou Zhongya Machinery Co., Ltd. was founded in 1992 and is a listed company on the main board of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (stock code: 300512). It mainly focuses on the R&D, manufacturing and sales of smart packaging equipment and unmanned retail equipment. The company currently has more than 1,200 employees, with a modern assembly workshop, precision parts manufacturing workshop, R&D, operation, and training center totaling 200,000 square meters, of which the Hangzhou headquarters has a construction area of ​​more than 80,000 square meters, and the Hangzhou Qingshan Lake new base covers an area of ​​more than 120,000 square meters. , Is one of the largest packaging equipment manufacturing bases in China.As of the end of 2019, the company presided over the drafting or participated in the formulation of one national standard and six industry standards. A total of 542 national patents were declared, including 520 authorized patents (185 invention patents and 133 utility model patents) and 5 international invention patents.Quality is the foundation for the survival of an enterprise. The company regards it as the core element of the long-term development of the enterprise. Every detail of the product is our focus. Based on the comprehensive implementation of the three major systems of ISO9001, ISO14000 and ISO12000, every equipment All are designed, manufactured, assembled, tested, packaged, installed and debugged under strict control until they are delivered to the final customer. At the same time, the company has advanced CNC processing and testing equipment, unmanned flexible processing production lines, large gantry five-sided machine tools, five-axis linkage compound machine tools, turning and milling compound machine tools, high-speed laser cutting machine tools, machining centers, CNC lathes, three-coordinate measuring instruments and Equipment such as spectrum analyzers are imported from Germany, Japan, the United States, Switzerland and other countries, which is another strong support for quality assurance.Central Asia has more than 100 types of equipment in 11 categories, including blow molding machinery, filling machinery, and subsequent intelligent packaging production lines, which are widely used in dairy, beverage, daily chemical, medical and health, oil, food, condiment and other industries At the same time, the company also provides customers with overall solutions for production line planning, design, engineering installation, and equipment life cycle maintenance. Central Asia’s products have covered 55 countries and regions and 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, including COFCO, China National Grain Reserves, Yili Group, Mengniu Dairy, Bright Dairy, Wahaha, Master Kong, Uni-President, Want Want, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical, Shuanghe Pharmaceutical, etc. Domestic well-known companies, as well as famous multinational companies such as Nestlé, Danone, Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Unilever, Yihai Kerry, General Mills, New Zealand Fonterra, Holland Friesland Dairy, and Japan Meiji, are corporate customers.Founded in 1999, it is a listed company that provides global customers with comprehensive packaging solutions for beverage factories, focusing on the development and production of equipment for high-speed automated beverage production linesGuangzhou Tech-Long Packaging Machinery Co., Ltd. was established in Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone in 1999. From becoming a listed company with a R&D center in the beverage packaging machinery industry in China, to developing and applying robotics technology to provide automation solutions for manufacturing companies, To the application of a new generation of information technology to provide manufacturing companies with smart workshop and smart factory solutions, Tech-Long has always been adhering to the concept of "for you" and moving forward with the times.Over the years, Tech-Long has accumulated a lot of experience in the process of serving customers and is familiar with every industrial production process. Based on this technology, combined with the company's continuous R&D investment, it can provide customers around the world with water treatment, beverage pretreatment systems, PET bottle blowing series, filling series, bottled water series, blowing and filling series, labeling series, conveying series, secondary packaging equipment series and other liquid product packaging lines and stand-alone equipment, automated production lines, smart workshops, smart factories Top-level planning and design, software and hardware equipment, and product process improvement, to provide customers with comprehensive solutions to meet customer service needs in all aspects of the value chain of product development, procurement, manufacturing, packaging, warehousing, logistics, distribution, and consumption.Today, Tech-Long has nine wholly-owned subsidiaries: Tech-Long North America Co., Ltd. (wholly-owned subsidiary: Tech-Long Europe), Dongguan Tech-Long Water Treatment Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan Baolong Packaging Technology Development Co., Ltd., Xinjiang Baolong Packaging Technology Development Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Tech-Long Packaging Technology Co., Ltd., Zhuhai Baolong Preform Co., Ltd., Tianjin Baolong Packaging Technology Development Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Tech-Long Packaging Machinery Industrial Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Tech-Long Industrial Co., Ltd. and shareholding companies Guangzhou Easy Loan Financial Information Service Co., Ltd. Tech-Long's service network covers more than 80 countries and regions in the world, and product applications cover the entire manufacturing industry.Vice-chairman unit of Plastic Machinery Industry Association, leading products include plastic extrusion foaming equipment / wood plastic extrusion equipment / plastic pipe equipment / plastic mesh equipment / plastic packaging equipment, etc.Shandong Tongjia Machinery Co., Ltd. is located in Jining National High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Shandong. It is a comprehensive enterprise group integrating science, industry and trade. It is the vice chairman unit of China Plastic Machinery Industry Association and the vice chairman unit of China Plastics Processing Industry Association. , High-tech enterprises, Chinese patent star enterprises.The company has passed ISO9001, ISO14000, OHSAS18000 international management system certification, has "Intelligent Plastic Foaming Machinery Research Center" and "Shandong Advantage Enterprise Technology Center", has continuously developed plastic machinery equipment production lines of different specifications, and passed the EU CE certification. The company’s leading products include: CO2 foaming XPS extruded board equipment, intelligent EPE foaming equipment, high-speed intelligent geogrid equipment, large-caliber carat pipe equipment, plastic extrusion mesh equipment, green wood-plastic equipment, super large two Various specifications of intelligent green and environmentally friendly plastic machinery new products such as plate injection molding machines and fully automatic hollow molding machines, many of which have served China's high-speed rail, nuclear power, new energy vehicles and other fields, which are the conversion and sustainability of the industry’s new and old kinetic energy The development and transformation of circular economy provides new equipment. The company's main products are listed as projects of the National Torch Program, National Technology Innovation Fund projects, etc. The market is sold throughout the country and more than 80 countries and regions in the world, and the "TONGJIA" trademark is registered in 46 countries and regions.