Commonwealth Of Massachusetts Executive Office Of Health: Fill & Download for Free

Oh, shit…*deep breath*Let’s do this!The Free People’s Commonwealth of Amesburia, located in the former-State of Massachusetts, was established in the year 2150. The People’s Constitution of the Commonwealth of Amesburia, ratified and officiated in the year 2151, distributes to its Citizens essential humanistic rights in the mission to promote domestic, international, and a collaborative ideology of humble Diplomacy to its Residents and its Foreign Neighbors.Motto: “Donde irás debes comprometerse a difundir la paz.”English: “Wherever you go you must commit to spreading Peace.”Official Languages: None at the federal levelOfficial Plant: Cannabis IndicaCapital: LawrenceLargest City: Commonwealth CityPopulation: 11,532,098 (est. 2170, last Census)Currency: Ame (singular), Ames (plural)GDP: ~ames-10 trillion (est. 2149)GDP Per Capita: ~ames-71,000National Sport: KickboxingBill of Rights:Amesburians and Our Touristic Friends shall enjoy the freedom to express oneself toward others without the Free Government of Amesburia’s intervention in said affairs.The Care, utmost Wellbeing, and Maintenance of the Citizen is to be protected and attended by way of AmesburiaCare, the Federal Government Health System. Abortions are legal. Contraceptives are Free of Charge. All Surgeries, and all Remaining Generic Health Services, will result in No taxation or additional Surcharge shall be imposed on our Amesburians or Our Touristic Friends under any Circumstance.The Right to Assemble and Advocate and the Freedom of Press, and the Freedom ingest Cannabis shall not be infringed upon under any Circumstances.The Law shall prescribe Public Defense (attorney) to those who cannot afford a Private Defender.Political Parties are abolished. Only Candidates can represent themselves in all elections.The Right to Grow Marijuana shall be Protected under Law without the intervention of the Free Government of Amesburia.Public Education, from Pre-K to University, are Free of Charge for all Citizens of Amesburia.Each Municipality is Awarded a Local Police Force; a Local Militia Force; and a Local Special Ops Squad through the Protection of Amesburia Cities and Towns Act (2061), whereby all Cities, Towns—through the Approval of the Municipality—assign a Local Force on the dependence of the emergency through a Symbolized System assigned to each Local Force.All working Amesburians are Protected under the People’s Union League (PUL) and shall be awarded under circumstances of Unnecessary Discrimination cases.All Foods are non-modified and sold under its Natural conditions. Water is Free of Charge for all Amesburia citizens.Psychological and psychiatric evaluations must determine if an Amesburian Citizen is elegible to receive a Weapon.Prostitution is legal so long as either Participant utilize Birth Control. Access to Hotel or Motel rooms can only be acceptable if a Contract is signed by all Participants, demonstrating consent to utilizing Birth Control at all times.Governmental Structure:Legislative HouseUpper House of Municipal Governors: Governors of the various Municipalities shall meet with the Elected Officials of the Lower House of Representatives and discuss the concerns of its Citizens. Governors must be Certified Experts in at least two Academic studies, such as the Arts (Music, Composition, Songwriting, Painting, Photography, Poetry, Visual Art), Public Speaking, Political Studies, Law, Medicine, Agriculture, Computer Science, various Forms of Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Philosophy, Languages and Communication, History, Accounting, Economics, and Various Academic Fields attainable through a Certification prescribed by the Municipality, City, or Town and its Accredited University. All Governors cannot last longer than 8 years in Office.Lower House of Representatives: These Elected Officials are to represent their Cities and Towns, and Draft, Legislate, and Vote on Bills to enact on a Federal Level. These Lawmakers must be Certified Experts in at least two Academic studies, such as the Arts (Music, Composition, Songwriting, Painting, Photography, Poetry, Visual Art), Public Speaking, Political Studies, Law, Medicine, Agriculture, Computer Science, various Forms of Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Philosophy, Languages and Communication, History, Accounting, Economics, and Various Academic Fields attainable through a Certification prescribed by the Municipality, City, or Town and its Accredited University. All Lawmakers cannot last more than 10 years in Office.Executive HouseFree Leader: The Free Leader of the Commonwealth is Chosen through the votes of the Residents of Amesburian Cities and Towns. Municipality Governments do not vote. They count the votes received from the Cities and Towns. The Free Leader must be a Certified Expert in at least two Academic studies, such as the Arts (Music, Composition, Songwriting, Painting, Photography, Poetry, Visual Art), Public Speaking, Political Studies, Law, Medicine, Agriculture, Computer Science, various Forms of Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Philosophy, Languages and Communication, History, Accounting, Economics, and Various Academic Fields attainable through a Certification prescribed by the Municipality, City, or Town and its Accredited University. That Leader’s advisers are also Expected to Complete at least two Academic fields.If the Free Leader perishes, retires, resigns, or is convicted of a crime, the Citizens of Amesburia are to vote via a Special Electoral Session for another Candidate after a two-month Debate and Campaign period. The Acting Leader shall be chosen by the Municipality with the most Residents.The People’s Upper Court of Amesburia:All Vacant or those Judges replacing Outgoing Justices shall be voted on throughout the Cities and Towns of Amesburia. All Judges are to serve 8 Consecutive Years, but will be eligible to Serve should they be Elected by the Citizens.Salaries1. Governors shall make an active participation salary of ames-150,000 per annum with post-Governorship pensions of ames-95,000 for Life.2. Lawmakers at the Lower House of Representatives make an active participation salary of ames-100,000 per annum with post-Lawmaker Earnings Pensions of ames-85,000 for Life.3. Free Leader: Active Free Leader Salary shall be ames-450,000 per annum. Post-Leadership Role Pension shall be ames-250,000 for Life.Defense:Three Military Forces will exist: The Free Amesburian Army (FAA); Commonwealth Air Service (equivalent to the United States’ Navy SEALs); and the Amesbury Air Force (AAF). The Free People’s Commonwealth of Amesburia has never been involved in a war, so we maintain Defense expenses at a relatively low level.Climate:Amesburia’s climate is diverse. The wind mill system has been adopted since the inception of the Commonwealth, along with renewable energy, more Hybrid vehicles, and Public Transportation operates on Green Gas only. Fracking/drilling activities on all Amesburian lands are subject to prosecution and up to but possibly more than 30 years in Federal Prison. Solar panels are also mandated to meet all electrical needs throughout Amesburian Cities and Towns.Immigration:All Undocumented Persons are to be awarded Residency Cards within 3 years of Residency in any of the 50 Municipalities throughout the Commonwealth. High-skilled labor Visas are active for no more than Sixty months. Generic Visas are active for no more than Forty Eight Months. Undocumented Persons who commit murder, rape, or severely harm a fellow Citizen of the Commonwealth is hereby banned from the Commonwealth. Attempts to gain re-entry will result in immediate return to the home country of the Undocumented Person through Humble Diplomatic Means.Bull Moose Square:See it as the Amesburian Wall Street. Regulators throughout all facets of finance and banking (investment baking, stocks, mutual funds, ETFs, fiduciary firms, mortgage firms, financial advisory companies and firms, life insurance, etc., and all other relevant financial service businesses are subject to annual audits conducted on behalf of the Commonwealth Treasury Department in conjunction with the Amesburia Tax Service (ATS).Economy:Minimum wage will be ames-24.00/hour, minimum. The Amesburian Citizenry are able to invest in products needed, which will then result in more hiring on behalf of small businesses, generate more revenue through initiation of additional business services, and expand on securing benefits for all employees. Major exports are coffee, marijuana, uranium, sugar, spices, bananas, and technology. Major imports are corn, fabrics (clothes, jeans, shoes, etc.), high-skilled laborers, avocados, transportation, medicine, etc. Tourism accounts for about 43% of Amesburian revenue, with the rest of the yearly budget covered in excise and Municipal taxes.Taxes:Upper middle-class brackets (ames-70,000-ames-100,000/year): 40%Lower middle-class brackets (ames-30,000-ames-50,000)/year): 30%Upper class brackets (ames-250,000+/year): 48%Corporations: 61%Marginal taxes: 90%Property tax is federally recognized at 25%. However, Municipalities can choose their own property tax rates.Drugs:No Federal Agency for drug maintenance shall subsist. Municipalities are responsible for the execution of policy in respect to this subject. Heads of Municipal Drug Alliance groups are to have a Master’s Degree in Drug Policy or Psychiatry.Constitutional Amendments:All suggestions are to be sent to Local Officials of the Commonwealth via email. All Elected Officials are to send out email information to their Constituents within five days of being elected.(P.S.A: I not only suggest and encourage constructive criticism—I am also encouraging for all of you to let me whether or not certain categories don’t belong or need some tweaking. Thank you for reading! Long Live Amesburia!)

In my opinion, some of the most respected scholars in Pakistan include:Shaukat Aziz, MBA : An economist and financier who, after serving as Executive Vice President of CitiBank in 1999, also served as Finance Minister of Pakistan from 1999-2007 and as Prime Minister of Pakistan from 2004-2007. For the first time in Pakistan's history, all goals and revenue collection targets were met in his tenure, and allocation for development has increased by about 40%. Moreover, despite a series of internal and external distresses, the economic situation of Pakistan improved significantly and reserves increased to US$ 10.5 billion on 30 June 2004, compared to US$ 1.2 billion in October 1999. In terms improving Pakistan's economic landscape and bringing in a very talented support staff, it is hard to say that any Prime Minister has done even a fraction of what Mr. Shaukat Aziz was able to accomplish.Dr. Abdul Hafeez Shaikh :An economist of international repute with over 30 years of experience in economic policy-making, management and implementation. He earned his doctorate from Boston University and later went on to become a Professot at Harvard University.His work experience includes:World BankMinister for Finance, Planning and Development, SindhMember of the Senate of PakistanFederal Minister for Investment and Privatization, PakistanGeneral Partner, international investment fundAfter leaving the Government, Dr. Shaikh was General Partner of an international investment company, headquartered in New York, which set up a $1.38 Billion fund for investments in Asia.Atta-ur-Rahman, FRS, D.Phil.,(King's College, Cambridge) TI, SI HI, NI, : a leading scientist and scholar in the field of organic chemistry, especially renowned for his research in the various areas relating to natural product chemistry. With over 909 publications in the field of his expertise including 116 books largely published by leading publishers in Europe and USA and 27 patents, he is also credited for reviving the higher education and research practices in Pakistan.Positions heldProfessor at H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry at Karachi UniversityFederal Minister of Science & Technology (2000–2002)Federal Minister of Education (2002)Former Federal Minister/Chairman, Higher Education Commission, Pakistan (resigned due to govt issues)(2002–2008)Advisor to the Prime Minister of Pakistan on Science and Technology(2002–2008)Honorary Life Fellow, Kings College, Cambridge University (2007–present)Member Board of Governors, Commonwealth of Learning, Vancouver, Canada (2010–present)Distinguished National Professor International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences at Karachi University (2011–for Life)Professor Emeritus, University of Karachi (2011- for Life)Patron-in-Chief International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences at Karachi University (2009–present)Dr Prof. Anwar Nasim : a molecular geneticist and molecular biologist. Anwar Nasim is a scientist in the field of biochemical genetics and genetic engineering. Nasim published more than one hundred Scientific papers in prestigious international Journals World wide since 1965.Nasim started his career as a Lecturer in Govt. College, Multan and then Government College, Lahore. In 1962 he got scholarship and went to Glasgow, Scotland. In 1966 he got Ph.D in Biochemical Genetics from University of Edinburgh. From 1966 to 1973 he was a Research Officer in Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. From 1973 to 1989 he was Senior Research Officer in National Research Council of Canada. During this period he passed a Sabbatical year (1978–79) at Max Planck Institute, Tübingen, Germany, and the Biology Department of Stanford University. From 1983 to 1989 he taught as Adjunct Professor in Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa and from 1984 to 1989 as Adjunct Professor in Department of Biology Carleton University, Ottawa. From 1989 to 1993 he worked as Principal Scientist and Head, Molecular Genetics Group, Biology and Medical Research Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.From 1994 to 1996 he was Executive Secretary in Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad. In August 1996 he was appointed as Adviser Science, COMSTECH, IslamabadJavaid Laghari, PhD ( University at Buffalo, The State University of New York), An electrical engineer and science administrator who is currently serving as the chairperson of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.Laghari previously worked in the United States as a researcher at NASA, the Air Force Research Laboratory of AFOSR, the Office of Naval Research, the Naval Research Lab, the Defense Nuclear Agency, the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization, the Strategic Defense Initiative, Hughes Aircraft and the Boeing Aerospace Company. He was Chairman of the 1992 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and has organized numerous International Conferences and chaired a large number of Sessions and Workshops in the United States.Shahid H. Bokhari, PhD (University of Massachusetts Amherst) : a highly cited researcher in the field of parallel and distributed computing. He is a fellow of both IEEE and ACM.Ishfaq Ahmad, PhD, A nuclear physicist, associate professor of high-energy physics at the National Center for Physics, and formerly as science advisor to the Government of PakistanSyed Nawab Haider Naqvi, PhD is a noted of Pakistani economist and scholar (MA Economics at Yale University, PhD in Economics at Princeton University and post doctoral studies at Harvard University)Ishrat Husain, PhD (Boston University) : A banker and economist, who is the Dean and Director of the Institute of Business Administration, KarachiDr. Hafiz Ahmed Pasha (Stanford University) is a distinguished economist of Pakistan who is a member of the country's Panel of Economists, an independent advisory committee for the government.Dr. Sania Nishtar (PHD - King's College, London/ MMBS - Khyber Medical College) - In April 2013, Nishtar was sworn in as Pakistan's Federal Minister for Science and Technology, Information Technology, and Education and Training.In 1999 Nishtar left a lucrative career as Pakistan’s first woman cardiologist to establish the NGO think-tank, Heartfile, which today is a health policy voice and catalyst for health reform in Pakistan.[4] Nishtar is also the founder of Pakistan’s Health Policy Forum and Heartfile Health Financing, a Heartfile program to protect people against health impoverishment.Nishtar is a member of many Expert Working Groups and Task Forces of the World Health Organisation, a member of the board of the International Union for Health Promotion, the Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council on Well-being and Mental Health, and the Ministerial Leadership Initiative for Global Health.Nishtar is also the chair of the Aman ki Asha health committee (a bilateral peace effort between Pakistan and India) and is chair of GAVI’s Evaluation Advisory Committee.Nishtar is the author of Pakistan’s first health reform plan, Pakistan’s first compendium of health statistics,and the country’s first national public health plan for non-communicable diseases. She signed three MoUs with Pakistan’s Ministry of Health, committing her time pro bono to write these documents.Nishtar's book Choked Pipes, an analysis of Pakistan’s health systems, became the blue print for the country’s health policy.Nishtar is the author of 6 books, more than 100 peer review articles and around the same number of op-eds. Her latest, Choked Pipes, was published by Oxford University Press in 2010.Dr. Tariq Rahman (University of Sheffield) - He is an academic, columnist and intellectual.Educated at Burn Hall School (now Army Burn Hall College), he joined the army as an armored corps officer in 1971. However, he decided to leave the army—on the grounds of being a conscientious objector to the military action in East Pakistan, now Bangladesh. He finally resigned his commission in 1978.Meanwhile, he had obtained three master's degrees as a private candidate. In 1979, he won a British Council scholarship, enabling him to obtain master's and doctoral degrees from the University of Sheffield in England. He joined the academia as an associate professor in the English Department of Peshawar University in 1985. In 1987, he became professor and head of the English Department in the University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir in Muzaffarabad where he introduced linguistics.In 1989, he also got an M.Litt in linguistics from the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow. In 1990, he joined the National Institute of Pakistan Studies. In 2004, he was given the title of National Distinguished Professor by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. In the same year he was awarded the Pride of Performance for research.He was also the first incumbent of the Pakistan Chair at the University of California, Berkeley in 2004-5. In 2007, he was appointed the director of the National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, and in 2010 he was made professor emeritus there. In September 2011—after the end of his tenure as director of the NIPS at Quaid-e-Azam University—he accepted the deanship of the School of Education at the Beaconhouse National University in Lahore.In November 2011, he was awarded the Humboldt Research Award for his research—being the first Pakistani to get the research award—though many Pakistanis had been given the Humboldt fellowship earlier. In the award ceremony on June 20, 2012, Professor Dr. Helmut Schwarz, president of the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung said: 'I am delighted to welcome our first research award winner from Pakistan, Professor Tariq Rahman.' This award was conferred on him for his books such as Pakistani English (1990), A History of Pakistani Literature in English (1991), Language and Politics in Pakistan (1996), Language, Education and Culture (1999), Language, Ideology and Power: Language Learning Among the Muslims of Pakistan and North India (2002), Denizens of Alien Worlds: A Study of Education and Polarization in Pakistan (2004) and From Hindi to Urdu: A Social and Political History (2011) besides a large number of scholarly papers, conference presentations, book reviews and citations to his work in scholarly writing.

The answer to your question can be complex. People are “jailed” for several reasons.There is a difference between a jail and prison.A jail houses individuals who are being detained while awaiting arraignment, pre-trial and/or trial; being detained for a probation or a parole violation; being detained while awaiting transfer on an immigration detainer; or having been sentenced for a misdemeanor or lesser crime which is punishable by either 1 year (in most jurisdictions) or up to 2 1/2 years (e.g. in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts) in the jail.Prisons house individuals who commit more serious crimes (felonies) once the defendant (the person being charged) has been tried, convicted and sentenced. An individual may be incarcerated in a prison (usually a state or federal, depending on where the crime and what type of crime was committed), for a period of 1 year (or in those states that have a 2 1/2 year threshold) through life (or until execution in those states with the death penalty).An individual can receive a trial by jury, a trial by judge, or may acquiesce to a plea arrangement with the prosecutor usually for a reduced sentence by avoiding a trial. That being said, even with “the evidence on your side”, the judge or jury may not consider the evidence in the same way that you might, which could then result in a guilty finding, sentencing and incarceration, either in a jail or prison.The standard of proof in a criminal trial is “beyond a reasonable doubt to a moral certainty.” Plea bargains usually occur when there is difficulty in meeting that burden if proof, and the prosecutor will elect to charge a lesser included offense for a lower sentence (example - second degree murder instead of first degree murder, or manslaughter instead of second degree murder), but therby save the state time and money for a lengthy trial. Defendants may elect to take a plea for a lesser crime and a lesser sentence because a major felony (like murder in the first may result in 25 years to life), and they are willing to get a break rather then a major slap. It is a risk benefit equation which has to be carefully examined.The justice system is imperfect. There are many people who try to ensure justice, but there are always things that can go wrong. It creates real pain and hardship for defendants (and sometimes victims and victim's families) and it is a terrible tragedy when it occurs.Always if you can, try and secure a reliable defense attorney to be your advocate. Get recommendations from people you know and who actually know good criminal lawyers. And don't assume all public defenders are substandard - to be sure, some may be but certainly not all and there are good advocates out there who will work with you and fight for you. Good luck!Bob Dumond, in mental and criminal justice since 1970, working in state prison, jails, prosecutor's office with victims, court, mental health court with juveniles, detainees, inmates and offenders