C I T Y O F T O R R I N G T O N: Fill & Download for Free

I-S T-H-I-S E-N-O-U-G-H T-O C-O-M-M-U-N-I-C-A-T-E W-I-T-H Y-O-U? I A-M Q-U-I-T-E S-U-R-E T-H-A-T B-Y N-O-W Y-O-U A-R-E F-I-N-D-I-N-G T-H-I-S S-O-M-E-W-H-A-T A-N-N-O-Y-I-N-G. S-U-R-E, I-T I-S B-E-T-T-E-R T-H-A-N N-O-T-H-I-N-G A-N-D I-T W-I-L-L D-O O-N A S-H-O-R-T T-E-R-M B-A-S-I-S F-O-R S-H-O-R-T M-E-S-S-A-G-E-S B-U-T I-T W-I-L-L N-E-V-E-R B-E A-S S-A-T-I-S-F-A-C-T-O-R-Y A-S C-O-M-M-U-N-I-C-A-T-I-N-G I-N A N-A-T-U-R-A-L M-A-N-N-E-R S-U-C-H A-S I-N A N-A-T-U-R-A-L S-I-G-N-E-D L-A-N-G-U-A-G-E.

I happened to do some research on this matter for another answer, so I have the resources at hand to answer this one.The problem, however, is that there are SO many languages, and so much data, that it would be a really crazy task to put them all together.Sounds like a job for me then!I selected 27 of the most widely known and spoken languages that use common types of alphabets. The first row for each language represents order of frequency of all characters, accented ones separated, and the second row has the order of letter frequency when you group accented letters into their original letter, and when you split digraphs into their original letters (note: I made an exception with æ and œ and did not split them).Afrikaans:e a i n r s o t d l k g v m p u b w f h j c ê ë z öe a i n r s o t d l k g v m p u b w f h j c zAlbanian:ë e t z i a r n m u s x o k j sh y p l d b f h q g rr v dh gj ll nj th c çe t z i r a n m s u j x l o k h d y p g b f q v cCatalan:e a s r l t i n o u m d c p v b q g f h é x ó j è à ò í y ç k ú z ü w ïe a s r i l t n o u m d c p v b q g f h x j y k z wCzech:a e o n i t v s r l d k m u p í z j h ě y ý á b c ž š é č ř ůe i a o n s t v r l d k m u z y p j h c bDanish:e r n t a i d s l o g k m f v b u p h å ø æ j y c w z x qe r n a t i d s o l g k m f v b u p h æ j y c w z x qDutch:e n a t i r o d s l g v h k m u b p w j z c f x y qe n a t i r o d s l g v h k m u b p w j z c f x y qEnglish:e t a o i n s h r d l c u m w f g y p b v k j x q ze t a o i n s h r d l c u m w f g y p b v k j x q zEsperanto:a i e o n l s r t k j u d m p v g f b c ĝ ĉ ŭ z ŝ h ĵ ĥa i e o n s l r t k u j d m p v g c f b z hEstonian:i a e s t u o k l n d r g m v j h õ p b ü ä ö fi a e s t u o k l n d r g m v j h p b fFinnish:a i n t e s l o u k ä m r v j h p y d ö g b c f w z x qa i n t e s l o u k m r v j h p y d g b c f w z x qFrench:e s a i t n r u o l d c m p v é q f b g h j à x z è ê y ç w ù â k î ô œ ë ïe a s i t n r u o l d c m p v q f b g h j x z y w k œGerman:e n s r i a t d h u l g c o m w b f k z ü v p ä ö ß j y x qe n s a r i t u d h l o g c m w b f k z v p ß j y x qGreek:α o ε ι τ σ ν η ρ π υ k μ λ ω γ δ χ θ φ β ξ ζ ψα o ε ι τ σ ν η ρ π υ k μ λ ω γ δ χ θ φ β ξ ζ ψHawaiian:a k o i n e u h l m p wa k o i n e u h l m p wHungarian:e a t n l s k é i m o á g r z v b d sz j h gy ő ö ny ly ü ó f p í u cs ű c ú zse a t n l s o i k m z g r v b d j y h u f p cIcelandic:a r n i e s t u l ð g m k f v o h á d í þ j b ó y æ p ö é ú ý xa i r n e d s u t l g m o k f v h þ j y b æ p xIndonesian:a n e i t k d r u m s g l h b p y o j c w f v z x é qa n e i t k d r u m s g l h b p y o j c w f v z x qItalian:e a i o n l r t s c d p u m v g z f b h à q è ù w ì y j ka e i o n l r t s c d u p m v g z f b h q w y j kLatin:i e a u t s r n o m c l p d b q g v f h x y zi e a u t s r n o m c l p d b q g v f h x y zNorwegian:e n t r a i s d l o g k m v h u p f å b j ø y c w æ z x qe n t r a i s d l o g k m v h u p f b j y c w æ z x qPolish:a i e o n w r s z c d y k l m t p ł u j b g ó ę h ś ć ż ą ń f ź v xa i e o n s w z r l c d y k m t p u j b g h f v xPortuguese:a e o s r i d m n t c u l p v g q b f h ã ô â ç z ê j é ó x ú í á à w ü k ya e o s r i d m n c t u l p v g q b f h z j x w k yRomanian:a i e l u r t n c o s m p d v f î ș b ă g z ț j h xa i e l u r t n c o s m p d v f b g z j h xRussian:о е а и н т с л в р к м д п ы у б я ь г з ч й ж х ш ю ц э щ ф ё ъо е и а н т с л в р к м д п ы у б я ь г з ч й ж х ш ю ц э щ ф ъSpanish:e a o s r n i d l t c m u p b g v y q ó í h f á j z é ñ x ú w ü ke a o s n i r d l t c m u p b g v y q h f j z x w kSwedish:e a n r t s i l d o m k g v h f u p ä b c å ö y j x w z qa e n r t s i o l d m k g v h f u p b c y j x w z qTurkish:a e i n r l k d ı m y t u s o b ü ş z c g h ç ğ v p ö f ji a e n r l k d u s o m y t b c g z h v p f jHere's how the whole thing looks put together. The numbers represent the ranking of the letter. Click on the image if you want to see the non-blurry version.A few interesting notes and observations:Nordic languages seem to have more consonant weight, compared to most of the other languages.Hungarian doesn't have the letter y by itself, only in the "gy", "ny", and "ly" digraphs.The lowest ranking for the letter a is in Albanian (6th).The lowest ranking for the letter e is 5th (Icelandic, Finnish)The ranking of the letter c ranges from 9th (Romanian) to 25th (Albanian)Estonian is almost the only language that doesn't use the letter f, except in loan words. Strange, huh?English has an unusually high ranking for the letter h (8th) - the average for the other languages is 18th and the second highest is 13th. No wonder though, considering words such as the, hello, hi, he/him/his, she/her/hers, when, how, what, where, who, which, why.The usage of the letter k varies from sixth place (Indonesian) to last (Spanish, Italian)On average, o is somewhere around 8th, but it varies from 3rd (Spanish, Portuguese) to 18th (Indonesian)Latin and French have the highest use of the letter q (16th).The letter t is also very variable, from second (Albanian, English), to 16th (Polish).The same goes with u, which ranks as high as 4th in Latin, and as low as 20th in Hungarian.Czech uses the letter v a lot more than all other languages. It's the 8th most used, as compared to the overall average of 20.A similar thing happens with w in Polish, where it's 7th, while the overall average is 22ndAlbanian wins at the usage of the letter z, it ranks 3rd, very far from the overall average of 21st (although Polish is not too far away with z ranked 8th).And the last interesting bit of info: if you add together the weight of each letter for all languages, you get the overall weight of every letter. That would arrange the (most common) alphabet into:e a i n r t s o l d u m k g c p v h b z f j y w q xSo in the end, as it was clearly obvious and visilble, E takes the lead, followed closely by A, while U is the least popular vowel. Sorry U.At the same time, N is the most frequently used consonant. Huh. I did not see that coming.Sources from where I dug up the letter frequencies (which you can blame for any errors, I mean, I'm not completely sold on z being the third most used letter in Albanian, but hey):WikipediaCryptogramSttmediaLater edit: For fun, I decided to test the letter frequencies of a lengthy answer. So I went into my feed and picked the longest one I could find with a quick search. Did the letter counts, and the results are below!e (378) / t (323) / a (291) / i (251) / o (247) / n (233) / s (223)r (171) / h (149) / l (130) / c (112) / u (110) / d (108) / w (81)m (77) / y (72) / f (63) / g (59) / b (44) / p (41) / k (37)v (36) / j (9) / x (7) / q (3) / z (2)And here it is (first line), in comparison with the general reorganized English alphabet (second line):e t a i o n s r h l c u d w m y f g b p k v j x q ze t a o i n s h r d l c u m w f g y p b v k j x q zQuite similar!Second edit: I know there are a few mistakes regarding some letters, but unfortunately I deleted the file I used to calculate the frequencies, and it would be a huge pain to re-create it. Maybe some day.

This ray-tracing code#include <stdlib.h> // card > aek.ppm  #include <stdio.h>  #include <math.h>  typedef int i;typedef float f;struct v{  f x,y,z;v operator+(v r){return v(x+r.x  ,y+r.y,z+r.z);}v operator*(f r){return  v(x*r,y*r,z*r);}f operator%(v r){return  x*r.x+y*r.y+z*r.z;}v(){}v operator^(v r  ){return v(y*r.z-z*r.y,z*r.x-x*r.z,x*r.  y-y*r.x);}v(f a,f b,f c){x=a;y=b;z=c;}v  operator!(){return*this*(1/sqrt(*this%*  this));}};i G[]={247570,280596,280600,  249748,18578,18577,231184,16,16};f R(){  return(f)rand()/RAND_MAX;}i T(v o,v d,f  &t,v&n){t=1e9;i m=0;f p=-o.z/d.z;if(.01  <p)t=p,n=v(0,0,1),m=1;for(i k=19;k--;)  for(i j=9;j--;)if(G[j]&1<<k){v p=o+v(-k  ,0,-j-4);f b=p%d,c=p%p-1,q=b*b-c;if(q>0  ){f s=-b-sqrt(q);if(s<t&&s>.01)t=s,n=!(  p+d*t),m=2;}}return m;}v S(v o,v d){f t  ;v n;i m=T(o,d,t,n);if(!m)return v(.7,  .6,1)*pow(1-d.z,4);v h=o+d*t,l=!(v(9+R(  ),9+R(),16)+h*-1),r=d+n*(n%d*-2);f b=l%  n;if(b<0||T(h,l,t,n))b=0;f p=pow(l%r*(b  >0),99);if(m&1){h=h*.2;return((i)(ceil(  h.x)+ceil(h.y))&1?v(3,1,1):v(3,3,3))*(b  *.2+.1);}return v(p,p,p)+S(h,r)*.5;}i  main(){printf("P6 512 512 255 ");v g=!v  (-6,-16,0),a=!(v(0,0,1)^g)*.002,b=!(g^a  )*.002,c=(a+b)*-256+g;for(i y=512;y--;)  for(i x=512;x--;){v p(13,13,13);for(i r  =64;r--;){v t=a*(R()-.5)*99+b*(R()-.5)*  99;p=S(v(17,16,8)+t,!(t*-1+(a*(R()+x)+b  *(y+R())+c)*16))*3.5+p;}printf("%c%c%c"  ,(i)p.x,(i)p.y,(i)p.z);}} and its resultit places reflective-spheres in a scene and shoots light rays and traces them to draw this image, with 512x512 resolution.Even though the variable naming is too bad(leading to zero readability), its just 35 lines of codes. The most unreadable yet impressive code.Its explanation is here: Raytracing