Motion Before The Board Approve Amendment #1 Of Contract #Adhs12021336 With The Ariz: Fill & Download for Free

RULES AND REGULATIONS OF IDEAL LOK SABHA The rules of IDEAL Lok Sabha resemble as far as possible the rules and procedures of Lok Sabha. Chapter I 1. SEATING OF THE PARLIAMENTARY MEMBERS The side majority will form the Government. Ruling party will sit on the right side of the chair. Opposition and other alliances are to sit on the left side of the chair. 2. LANGUAGE Both Hindi and English are allowed in Parliament. Chapter II 3. PROCEDURE The procedure of the session of IDEAL Lok Sabha resembles as far as possible the procedure of the House (Lok Sabha). The following procedure shall take place during two day session of Mock Parliament. Note: An informal session or adjournment of maximum 15 minutes can be allotted to the house on the sole discretion of the chair. The chair person can discontinue any motion any time for the benefit of the debate. The chairperson has the authority to put into effect any order or procedure that the chairperson may feel is required for the proper functioning. For the benefit of debate, the chairperson has the right to start the second day directly from any point; however the same shall be informed at the end of day 1. The legislative business will be given preference but in case no bill introduced then the session will return to the discussion hours per the case may be. The chairperson may on the sole discretion amend or form any rule at any time for the benefit of the committee. “Like the practice obtaining in the Lok Sabha, the session of Youth Parliament will start with the arrival of the Speaker which is announced by the Marshal who first comes in the House to ascertain whether there is quorum in the House which should be at least 10 per cent of total membership of the House. As soon as the Speaker arrives in the Chamber, Marshal will announce his arrival with the words “Hon. Members, the Hon. Speaker” Thereafter the entire House stands up. The Speaker before taking his seat first bows to his left, then to his right and then in front of him. The Members from the respective sides also respectfully bow to the chair before taking their seats.” 4. OATH OR AFFIRMATION: The Speaker will take up the procedure of the House in the order in which it is printed in the list of procedure or may take oath collectively. A newly elected member of the House is required to make an Oath or affirmation at the commencement of a sitting of the House. The prescribed form of Oath or affirmation is: "I........., having been elected (or nominated) a member of (Youth Parliament) House of the People do swear in the name of God/solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established, that I will uphold the sovereignty and integrity of India and that I will faithfully discharge the duty upon which I am about to enter." 5. STATEMENTS FROM THE HOUSE a. After establishing quorum, the speaker will ask for statements from the members. A total of 8 members (4 each from government and opposition) are given time on the floor to make statements. b. The leader of the house is the default first speaker and the leader of opposition is the default last speaker. However they may pass on their chance to speak to whoever they wish to. c. The other 6 speakers are chosen by the discretion of the chair when the MPs are asked for statements. d. The maximum time allowed to make statements is two minutes. e. Agendas for discussion hour (explained in the next section) are allowed to be sent once first two speakers have given their statements. 6. DISCUSSION HOUR a. A discussion hour is the time allotted (maximum 40 minutes) for the discussion on a sub- agenda which the members feel should be discussed in front of the house. The total time of all the discussion shall be an hour. b. All agendas for discussion hour are supposed to be sent prior the commencement of discussion hour. c. Agendas for discussion hour are allowed to be sent once first two speakers have given their opening statements. d. The process of putting up agendas for a discussion is in writing and follows the given format: Name of the constituency Topic of the discussion Total Duration (not to exceed 40 minutes) Individual Speaker Time (not to exceed 90 seconds) e. The speaker shall keep the agendas in chronological order and first put the agenda to vote which is received first by the board. f. The chairperson may withdraw any agenda he/she feels has no relation to the agenda. However he/she has to notify the particular MP of the same on which the MP is allowed to send a chit explaining why the agenda should not be withdrawn. g. On receiving the agenda, the speaker will ask for seconds and oppositions, if no seconds, the motion fails and in case of seconds but no oppositions the agenda clearly passes. h. On receiving both seconds and oppositions the chairperson will put the agenda to vote and the result is decided by a simple majority of placard vote. i. An extension to a discussion hour may be obtained if the total time does not exceed 40 minutes or otherwise on the discretion of the chair. NOTE: The unstarred questions which are meant to be answered in written form can be asked to each other by members of the parliament during discussion hour. 7. QUESTION HOUR It is the one hour after the discussion hour where the members of the house are free to ask questions to each other on matters pertaining to agenda or on a national emergency provided that such a question is sent in writing to the said member via the speaker and with his due approval before the commencement of question hour. The question has been defined as an instrument by which a member can elicit information on any matter of public importance. Starred Questions: Meant for oral answers. Unstarred Questions: Meant for written answers The sender MP is allowed to ask a supplementary question, with the permission of the Chairperson, after the reply is obtained from the Minister concerned for starred questions. I. The chit on which the question is sent has to be properly marked/written as Starred or Unstarred to be in proper format. a. Any Starred question may be changed to unstarred on the discretion of the chair. The chair shall notify the sender of the same. b. Answers to Unstarred questions are mandatory and have to be sent to the recipient MP via the chairperson before the end of question hour. c. Not more than two starred questions are allowed to be asked to a member. In case a particular MP has already received his quota of two starred questions then the chairperson shall change the further incoming starred questions as unstarred and notify the sender MP of the same. d. Similarly not more than twenty (20) unstarred questions are allowed to be asked to a member. Incase 20 unstarred questions have already been sent to a particular MP the chairperson shall return the question to its sender. e. One can send maximum 2 starred questions. The right to ask a question is governed by the following conditions: a. It shall be clearly and precisely expressed and shall not be too general incapable of any specific answer or in the nature of a leading question b. If it contains a statement, the member shall make himself responsible for the accuracy of the statement c. It shall not contain arguments, inferences, ironical expressions, Imputations, epithets or defamatory statements d. It shall not ask for an expression of opinion or the solution of an abstract legal question or of a hypothetical proposition e. It shall not ask as to the character or conduct of any person except in his official or public capacity f. It shall not ordinarily exceed 150 words g. It shall not relate to a matter which is not primarily the concern of the Government of India. h. It shall not reflect on the character or conduct of any person whose conduct can only be challenged on a substantive motion i. It shall not make or imply a charge of a personal character. j. It shall not raise questions of policy too large to be dealt with within the limits of an answer to a question k. It shall not repeat in substance questions already answered or to which an answer has been refused l. It shall not ask for information on trivial matters m. It shall not ordinarily ask for information on matters of past history n. It shall not raise matters under the control of bodies or persons not primarily responsible to the Government of India. o. It shall not ask or information on matter which is under adjudication by a court of law having jurisdiction in any part of India NOTE: The Speaker shall decide whether a question, or a part thereof, is or is not admissible under these rules and may disallow any question, or a part thereof, when in his opinion it is an abuse of the right of questioning or is calculated to obstruct or prejudicially affect the procedure of the House or is in contravention of these rules. 8. ZERO HOUR a. It starts immediately after the Question Hour. b. During the Zero Hour any question pertaining to agenda or a national emergency can be raised by a member without any prior written request. c. The Zero Hour can extend to any period of time depending upon the Speaker's direction. d. The Government is not obliged to answer any of the questions raised in the Zero Hour. However in the context of the debate it is highly expected from them to answer all the questions. e. The chairperson shall choose the MPs on his discretion. 9. CALLING ATTENTION NOTICE (OPTIONAL) a. The idea of Calling Attention Notice has originated in our country itself a combination of questions for answers with supplementary and brief comments on a matter of urgency and public importance. b. The calling attention notice has to be sent to in written to the chairperson who shall use the time between two procedural hours i.e. that is Discussion Hour and Question Hour or Question Hour & Question Hour and Zero Hour for the same. However the chairperson is allowed to allow calling attention notice at any time if the matter of emergency or has to be resolved urgently. c. The Opposition gets a chance to criticize the Government and its policies. Procedure: The Speaker calls the name of the member (or members) in whose name the item has been mentioned. On being called, the member raises in his/her seat and calls the attention of the Minister concerned and requests him/her to make a statement on the matter. The form, in which the member calls the attention, is as follows: I call the attention of the Minister...............................................to the following matter of public importance and I request that he/she may make a statement there on. d. The Minister then makes a statement of facts. The member or members, in whose name or names the notice has been issued, are permitted to ask questions seeking clarification arising out of the statement made by the Minister. e. The Minister after hearing all the questions raised by the Members will give a consolidated reply thereto and after that there would be no further discussion on the matter. 10. ADJOURNMENT MOTION (OPTIONAL) Any matter which is of urgent importance and which is so grave that it affects their interest and safety of the country can be raised through an adjournment motion. In order that the adjournment motion be admitted it must 1. Be related to a single specific issue, 2. be urgent, and 3. be of public importance. 11. NO-CONFIDENCE MOTION (OPTIONAL) a. There is an express constitutional provision which lays down that the Council of Ministers will be responsible to the Lok Sabha b. In a parliamentary democracy it means that the Ministers hold their offices so long as they enjoy the confidence of the Lok Sabha . The moment the Lok Sabha expresses its no-confidence in the Ministry the Prime Minister and his/her Ministers have to leave. Thus the Prime Minister and his/her Council of Ministers are collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. c. For the benefit of debate this motion shall not be allowed to be raised before the second day of youth parliament. d. The member who wishes to raise this particular motion shall take proper permission before raising this motion For moving this motion in the House, the member has to give before commencement of the sitting for that day, a written notice of his motion to the Secretary General. If the Speaker is of the opinion that the motion is in order, he calls upon the member to seek leave of the House. The member then moves the following motion”. “I beg for leave of the House to move the No-Confidence Motion”. The speaker reads the motion to the House and requests those members who are in favor of leave being granted to rise in their places and if not less than ten percent of the total membership of the house stands, the leave is granted by the House. However, in case less than 10 percent rise in their place, the leave is not granted by the House and the motion is not taken up for discussion. Where, however, leave has been granted for moving of the no-confidence motion the Speaker will announce the time at which the motion will be taken up for discussion. On the appointed time the Speaker will call the member who will move the motion in the following words: “That this House expresses its want of confidence in the council of Ministers”. After moving the motion, the mover will make a short speech followed by speeches by the other members of the House belonging to opposition as well as ruling parties. Discussion on No-Confidence Motion is not confined to any particular subject. It is open to any member to raise any matter or comment upon any policy and action of the Government during the course of discussion. Members from ruling as well as opposition parties participate in the discussion. After the members have spoken on the motion, the Prime Minister gives a reply to the charges leveled against his Government. Thereafter the mover of the motion is given chance to reply. e. The Speaker then puts the motion before the House and obtains the decision of the House by voice –vote. f. On receiving the agenda, the speaker will ask for support. For this motion to pass it shall require an affirmative vote of 1/6th members g. The Chairperson in this motion shall allow every question necessary to determine the decision of the House on the motion. h. The chairperson will allot specific time period for speeches and will allow as many speakers as possible in this particular motion. i. After the members have spoken on the motion, the Prime Minister gives a reply to the charges labeled against his/her government. The mover of the motion has the right to reply. j. When the chairperson feels there has been sufficient debate on the question he shall put forward the motion to vote. 12. PRIVILEGE MOTION a. It is a motion raised by a Member of Parliament. He charges the Minister with committing a breach of the privilege of the House by withholding or distorting facts. b. The motion can be raised at any time in the parliament c. The Minister is given a chance to reply and the MP who has raised the motion is allowed to ask supplementary questions. 13. ANTI-DEFECTION LAW/ ANTI-DEFECTION MOTION If a member of the parliament votes (or abstains) against the directives issued by his/her party, without the written permission of the said party, the member stands to be disqualified on grounds of defection if such a request is made to the speaker by the leader of the party in the house or in case of the leader standing on defection- any member of the house belonging to that party. In case of single-seat parties, the defection is to be decided at the discretion of the speaker. 14. LEGISLATIVE BUSINESS Law-making is a major function of Parliament and, therefore, in the Youth parliament the legislative business should form an important part. All legislative proposals are brought in the form of Bills before the Parliament. No Bill can become a law unless it has been passed by the parliament and has received assent of the President. The proposal is given the shape of a Bill and introduced in Parliament. Bills are either Government Bills which are sponsored by Ministers, or private members' bills which are sponsored by individual members other than ministers. Each Bill undergoes three Readings First Reading I. The First Reading means a motion for permission to introduce a Bill. ON the adoption of the motion the Bill is introduced. II. We will skip the first reading as it only seeks leave to introduce a bill. The Second Reading There are two stages in the Second Reading of the bill. In the first stage, the motion that the Bill be taken into consideration is adopted. [This is followed by discussion on the principles of the bill.] In the second stage, clause-by-clause consideration of the Bill is taken up. Notices of amendment are given any time after the introduction of a Bill. An amendment is admissible if it is within the scope of the bill. After the introduction of the bill, the minister concerned formally moves that the bill be taken up for consideration. The minister will say; "sir, I beg to move that the bill be taken into consideration." The Minister then makes a brief introductory speech outlining of the importance of the Bill. After this the Speaker formally places the motion before the house with the announcement that "The motion is that the ...... Bill to be taken into consideration." This is followed by a discussion in which the members from either side can take part after giving prior notice of their intention to the secretary-general. It may be noted that the discussion should be held on the general principles and provisions of the Bill. The Speaker asks members from both the Treasury and the Opposition benches to speak on the bill. After the discussion, the Minister concerned makes a closing speech and winds up the discussion. The motion for consideration is then put to the house. After it has been adopted, clause-by-clause discussion of the bill takes place. Amendments, if any, are permitted and voted upon. The Third Reading In the Third Reading the Minster concerned moves that the bill be passed. The Speaker then puts the question before the house in these words: The Question is that the ......Bill, 199... be passed. Those in favor will say "Aye, those against will be 'No.' after taking the voice vote, he/she declares thrice that Ayes (or Noes) have it. He will then say that 'the Bill is passed (not passed)", as the case may be. It may be noted that for passing an ordinary Bill a simple majority is required and for Bills pertaining to Constitutional Amendments two-thirds majority is necessary. 15. PRIVILEGES TO THE MPs These privileges in the form of permission or points are allowed at all times when a speaker is not speaking or immediately after the speaker has finished speaking. Point of Information is not allowed at certain times as mentioned above in relevant sections Permission to rise a motion is only allowed at certain time periods as previously mentioned along with the motions PERMISSION TO RAISE A MOTION: A MP at any time can raise his/her placard and seek permission from the chair to raise a motion. POINT OF INQUIRY: Enquiry about parliamentary procedures and conduct to the chair. POINT OF ORDER: This can be used in case of a factual error. RIGHT TO REPLY: If a particular member present feels that a grave (or false) statement has made by others towards that member, he/she may privilege the right of reply with the permission of the chair. POINT OF PERSONAL PRIVILEDGE: This may be used in order to remove a personal discomfort. POINT OF INFORMATION: This may be used to put up questions on a members’ statement. (Shall be in writing until and unless allowed) 16. CONSIDERATION FOR DRAWING UP THE MERIT LIST Although the executive board shall have its own criteria of deciding they shall keep in view the following points while assessing the performances of speakers: i. Discipline and Decorum. ii. Observance of Parliamentary procedures. iii. Selection of Subjects for Questions, and Supplementaries and Quality of Answers thereto. iv. Selection of Subjects for Debates ; Substantivity ; relevancy and legal basis. v. Delivery or Quality of Speeches delivered, Standard of Debate. vi. General Assessment of the Performance as a whole. Note: All the chits will be marked and will have significant weightage while deciding the final awards. Party Policy & Role Rehearsal will be one of the marking criteria. (The ratio of weightage of chits as to speeches will depend upon the decision of the Speaker depending upon the Size of committee and other factors as per the case may be.) 17. IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND a. Attire Indian/Western formals to be strictly followed. b. Indian Wear is encouraged. c. Laptops, mobile phones, tablets etc. are allowed but parliamentarians are not allowed to assess internet. d. No internet usage allowed inside the house. e. The participants should show utmost respect to the Chair. f. They should abide by the decisions of the Chair and should have faith in his impartiality and judgment. The participants are encouraged to tap desks in agreement. g. One may not argue on points which are nowhere related to the debate, this may fetch you negative marks. h. One may not use any unparliamentarily word while the house is in session. One may have to apologize (in oral or written) for the same or can be suspended from the session as per the case may be depending upon the decision of the chair. DISCLAIMER The Executive Board has tried its level best to draft the rules and regulations for the purpose of parliamentary session in accordance with the guide lines issued by ministry of parliamentary affairs, government of India (1998).The discrepancies between IDEAL Lok Sabha rules and the actual procedures are just to intensify the debate. We apologize in advance for any legal mistake that may have occurred from our side any contradiction to the government rules and regulations if found are unintentional.

Imagine you’re President of the United States.The first step toward becoming a dictator is to capitalize on a crisis.“Never let a good crisis go to waste.” — Winston ChurchillHistorically a crisis is usually caused by an economic depression. As humans we are are often willing to look past abstract concepts like freedom and fairness if it means food on the table.“Peace, Land, Bread” — Bolshevik sloganLet’s set the dominos in motion by going before the nation and announcing, A War on Inequality.I wrote a speech for you…Ladies and Gentlemen, for too long we have been declaring wars all around the world. We have been spending trillions for foreign fights meanwhile here at home people are fighting for their lives! There are good hardworking Americans who don’t know where their next meal will come from! {insert emotional story about struggling single mother}. I am her president and I am your president! I cannot in good conscious hide the truth from you… Washington is corrupt! While you are struggling to eat, we have lobbyists eating, backslapping, and securing deals with your countries highest supposed public officials. It’s this corruption that has allowed the rich to get richer while you foot the bill! {insert statistics about rising inequality}. The war, my friends, is not abroad. It’s here. The enemy is corruption. Our enemy is inequality! {pound podium, stare into the distance}Congratulations, the media is behind you.You pass an executive order directing the I.R.S. to focus all its energy on the Fortune 500 companies. This will teach them for supporting your opponent in the previous election! And the law has become so convoluted and vague (politicians often don’t even read the bills they pass) that you just need to get these companies on 1 or 2 archaic laws to start freezing assets, fining, and imprisoning board members.When Americans turn on the news you want them to see CEOs being dragged in to testify before congress (even if they’re innocent the imagery will be powerful).You also want them to see CEOs and celebrities standing alongside you during your massive rallies. And even if these CEOs and celebrities have a few reservations they’ll still stand by your side because they see how popular opinion is turning against the rich and so they don’t want their business or celebrity taking a hit. The rich and powerful are often the first to tow the line because they have the most to lose.You call up Mark Zuckerberg. You tell him he needs to publicly accuse his competitors of being monopolies. If he refuses then you say how you’d hate to make an example out of him by breaking up his company and possibly putting him behind bars for negligent use of people’s private data.BREAKING NEWS: Zuckerberg takes a jab at Google, Amazon, Microsoft and Apple. Declares MONOPOLY!With this as the breaking news story you go before the nation to announce the U.S. Justice Department will be studying these companies operations to determine if they should qualify as a monopoly under the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.Theodore Roosevelt used the Anti-Trust Act to eventually breakup the largest and most powerful company in world history, The Standard Oil Company.It’s so easy nowadays to reward your friends and punish your enemies. If you want to become a dictator you’ll use every loophole and vagary of the law to your utmost advantage. In American politics 40% of the population will virtually support you no matter what anyway. You just need to give them a half-baked excuse for them to start regurgitating it around the dinner table.And also by directing the I.R.S. to only focus its energy on the top 1% you just gave 99% of the American public a de facto tax rate of 0%. That’s right ladies and gentlemen, you no longer have to pay your taxes because we will not come after you if you don’t!Barrack Obama did something similar with DACA. His argument was we only have a limited amount of enforcement resources therefore we should only focus it on problem areas thereby giving de facto amnesty to millions of people who were in the country illegally.“In the absence of any immigration action from Congress to fix our broken immigration system, what we’ve tried to do is focus our immigration enforcement resources in the right places. This is a temporary stopgap measure that lets us focus our resources wisely while giving a degree of relief and hope to talented, driven, patriotic young people.” — Barrack ObamaIn your case your argument is that we only have a limited amount of enforcement resources therefore we should only focus the I.R.S. on the problem area of inequality thereby giving a de facto tax break to nearly every American.Politically this has ensured your reelection because you can tell the American public that if they don’t vote for you that your opponent’s government will start going after them!Once you’ve won reelection we’ll pass a tax bill called the EQUALITY ACT. The bill will hike up taxes on corporations and the wealthiest 1%. Then to gain some republican support you’ll also increase military spending, which will significantly raise the salaries of our military and retirement benefits for our vets. Most people are too ignorant to realize though that you just passed a pseudo universal income because in the drafting of the bill you expanded the meaning of “military” to include anyone indirectly associated with it such as hospital workers, park grounds keepers, and teachers at your new military schools. Your goal is get as many people dependent on you for their sole source of income.Congratulations, the average American is behind you.Our master plan is coming along nicely, the economy starts to tank. Businesses shut down. People are losing jobs. Prices are rising. The 1% get the blame because they’re relocating out of the country to avoid paying their “fair share”.You go before the nation to give your second presidential inauguration address…We are winning the war on inequality! {applause} And now that we are winning, the corrupt ones are fleeing the battlefield! They are running off with your American dollars, which you earned with your hands! We live in perilous times. We cannot afford to let them take food out of your mouth! I am requesting Congress to freeze the bank accounts of anyone who tries to move more than 1 million dollars out of the country without written approval. We will also hike up the national tariff on all imported goods to further discourage off-shoring.Your biggest supporters are poor Americans. You need more poor Americans! You pass the OPPORTUNITY ACT. “We are a nation of immigrants” you remind the American public. You frame the debate as either you are for open-border mass immigration or you are an anti-immigrant racist! With this new act the United States sees millions of people from the poorest regions of the world flood into the country. This is fantastic because they’ll vote for you since you’re so pro-immigrant! They are also fleeing from cultures that didn’t have much respect for the rule of law, which means the legalistic constitutional arguments your opponents will bring up in the next debate will fall on relatively deaf ears.You’re now nearing the end of your 8 years. This is problematic for you because the 22nd Amendment doesn’t allow you to run for a 3rd term. You must repeal the 22nd Amendment.Ronald Reagan flirted with the idea of trying to repeal it, but decided against it after his health continued to fail and let his Vice President, George H.W. Bush, take the job instead.You also remind the American Public that Franklin Roosevelt was into his 3rd term when he delivered the famous lines, “A date which will live in infamy” (The 22nd Amendment was passed after F.D.R.’s presidency).You are still so popular with the American public and have built enough distrust of the moneyed elite that the average American believes you are one of the few powerful people they can still trust.But if you’re like most tyrants then you’re probably a little paranoid and insecure therefore to increase your chances of getting the 22nd Amendment repealed you start a foreign war…First you issue an executive order directing the C.I.A. and F.B.I. to focus all its resources on money laundering, drugs, and guns. In doing so you just made the United States more susceptible to a terrorist attack. The intelligence community stops hundreds of terrorist attacks every year. Now that they won’t be actively trying to stop them we just have to wait…BOOM.Hundreds of people died in a bombing. You go before the nation and declare a war on some group or ideology and implore the congress to repeal the 22nd Amendment because during a time of war, “It’s not good to switch horses midstream.”You then pass the SAFETY ACT. As humans we are also often willing to give up freedom for safety. The SAFETY ACT allows you to ramp up national surveillance and restrict the media.The 22nd Amendment is easily repealed. You run for a third term and win. Congratulations you’re a de facto dictator!Now that you can hold office for life, congress increasingly gets in line. With each passing year you begin to ramp up state control of people’s income, healthcare, transportation, education, and thoughts. You increasingly use the law to reward your friends and punish your enemies. You appoint more and more judges to the bench who will interpret the law in the broadest way possible, basically using the Commerce Clause and Equal Protection Clause to justify any federal action.The economy is stagnant, but fortunately due to innovation people aren’t starving as they would have been in the 20th century. Everyone in America gets a small concrete apartment with enough basic income to enjoy their creature comforts. Americans increasingly feel depressed and isolated. You make sure your government-run healthcare system is prescribing enough drugs to sedate their bland existence. You’ve sufficiently squashed the human spirit. And for the few who try to make a little too much noise you’ve got a dozen ways to silence them (get them kicked off social media for hate speech, take away their basic income, make the culture so ignorant and intolerant that they’ll be drowned out by the newest Kardashian story).Congratulations, the American people’s loyalty firmly belongs to you. In the past spouses, friends, and family depended on each other during tough times, but that’s too unfair because that means people who don’t have spouses, friends, or family fall threw the cracks. Now everyone depends on you during these tough times! There loyalty belongs with you, the president who has given them everything and who can take it all away.Due to the advancement of medicine you will also live for a very, very long time winning each new “election” with bigger and bigger margins. Congratulations dictator! It was hard work, but you did it. You deserve a trip to the Cayman Islands.Thanks for reading! Regardless of your political affiliation we should all be concerned with the growing centralization of power. Upvote to save the republic!

A lot of laws are old and outdated. What’s one law you think needs to be changed or added?There is one law I can think of.I was pulled over for a traffic ticket.When you get pulled over, they always ask for three things.Drivers licenseRegistrationProof of Financial Responsibilities (aka Car insurance card)The CA Highway patrol asked me for all three things but on the Registration, I had a copied one and not the original. He demanded the “original” not the copy. I said you don’t need the original. We went back and forth like this 3 times. Then, His “smart-ass” response was, “I’ll just write you a ticket for that also”. I said, “fine do it.”He pulled me over for crossing the double yellow lines, into the carpool HOV lane. I had another passenger so we met the criteria for 2 or more people plus my car was a brand new 2018 Nissan LEAF EV which was allowed in the carpool lane even with 1 person because it’s an EV.Anyway, Well he walked back to his CHP motorcycle and was there for the longest time searching for the code in his CVC (California Vehicle Code) book to write me up. He couldn’t find it so when he came back I only received the ticket for crossing the two double lines.Well, I have a J.D. law degree and one of my skills is to help people fight traffic tickets.So I wrote up my complaint. My argument was as follows.See LA is in Cal-Trans District 7. San Francisco is in Cal-trans District 11. Orange County (OC) is in Cal-trans District 12.In San Fran and OC Cal-Trans permits you to go in and out of the carpool HOV lane anywhere. In LA you can only enter / exit at the broken lines, not the solid double lines.My argument was I had just left OC and entered LA and there was no marker to show where each county line ended and was delineated. Thus I was free to enter the carpool lane since I believed I was still in OC territory. I also said I had a 2nd passenger, my 15-year-old son, AND my car was an approved EV that could travel in the carpool HOV lane even if I was by myself.The traffic court bought my argument and the ticket was dismissed.==============================================Okay here’s the tricky part on where the law is “outdated” and should be removed.It was the part where he insisted I had to have the original registration in the car, in my car instead of a copy.I researched and showed the court that that law was invented in the days “BEFORE” or “PRIOR” to computers in police units and “BEFORE” or “PRIOR” to they had CB radios in police units and before they had copiers or XEROX copy machines.So, back then the police had to see an ORIGINAL registration.My argument to the court was this COP / CA HIGHWAY PATROL was corrupt and wanted to write me a BOGUS ticket on top of the carpool lane violation for not having ORIGINAL registration in my car.I stated to the court that my car had not one, not two, but THREE car video cameras that caught everything he did and everything he said. I had TWO video cameras facing forward, and ONE facing the rear.So my video cameras caught him walk back, get his VC Vehicle codebook and look through it for a good 10–12 minutes before he gave up and never wrote me for the 2nd ticket infraction.My video camera’s audio also caught him lying and saying the ORIGINAL registration was required and not a copy.Years back I had taken a Traffic school class, and it was being taught by a who else? A California Highway Patrol officer. He taught classes to make extra side money.And he taught us, NEVER, NEVER EVER put the original registration in your car. Just make a copy.The reason is “if your car gets towed”. You need the ORIGINAL Registration to get your car out of the Tow Yard or Storage yard. THEY or THAT TOW Facility will “not” take a copy of the Registration only the Original.So now whenever I renew my tags and my wife’s, I always put the tag on the car license plates, then make a photocopy of the registration and put the copy in our 3 cars.I told the court all this.Then I further told the court that back in the day they didn’t have copiers, CB radios, and car or motorcycle computers.PLUS, PLUS, PLUS, he could CLEARLY SEE, that my car was BRAND SPANKING NEW, NEW, NEW. I just just bought the car on March 10th of 2018. It was a 2018 NISSAN LEAF EV. I got the ticket in April of 2018. The very next month.So he (the CHP) COULD clearly see my tags were brand new, then why would he even need to see my registration? Except to harass me and give me a hard time.Furthermore, he could have any time called it in to dispatch to verify it.Note: Also in California, we have had something called TBWD; that’s Trial-By-Written-Declaration; that means you write up your arguments (aka type it up on a computer) as a Trial Pleading or a Brief; albiet they call it your “Declaration” and submit your “verbal arguments on paper”.That’s what I did; that’s what I do for the people I help with traffic tickets. Here’s another Quora answer I gave on how-to-do-that on Trial type Pleading template or format paper available in Microsoft Word or Word Perfect.Stanley Hutchinson's answer to I got a ticket for going 45 mph in a 35 mph when the speed limit was just about to change to 45 mph. Should I just pay the fine or take it to court?Also here is an actual excerpt from my TBWD on this case that I submitted to the court; with all pertinent identifiers removed. Enjoy! I copied and pasted it so all the Indentations are messed up. But read it for the Content. I put a lot of time into these TBWD.“SUPERIOR COURT of CALIFORNIACOUNTY OF LOS ANGELESEL MONTE COURTHOUSE11234 VALLEY BLVD.EL MONTE, CA 91731RE: Citation # HQxxxxDefendant: John Doe | Case: Citation #HQxxxx1vs. California Highway Patrol (CRANE #20988) (name illegible on citation) || Motion for Subpoena: CR-125/JV-525| Subpoena/Subpoena Duces Tecum (order to attend court or| provide documents (Facts not in evidence)| Motion for Pitchess SB1421| Motion to Compel an answer| Motion to Dismiss| Motion to Impeach for Perjury (CA PC141)DECLARATION OF JOHN DOEI, John Doe, declare as follows:1. I am the Defendant in this above-entitled matter. I makeThis declaration in support of my contention that I was wrongfully cited for VC21655. I have personal knowledge of the facts of the matters stated herein.On said day and date of the said citation, 1:05 pm Wednesday 04-14-18. I was wrongfully ticketed by CA Highway Patrol, where this corrupt California Highway patrol officer CRANE (name illegible on citation) cited the driver of the vehicle under VC21655.MOTION FOR SUBPOENA of FACTS to be Entered into Evidence (ASSUMES FACTS NOT IN EVIDENCE)Under the 5th Amendment, I am not under any duty to testify nor provide any neither culpable nor exculpable evidence for the prosecution for this “Strict Liability” citation.I am “Presumed Not Guilty”. Motion to dismiss the ticket is entered.The prosecution has the burden of proof and the prosecution must meet this burden beyond a “reasonable doubt”, not me. I have the right to confront my accuser (Crane) and examined under Direct examination or cross-examined. (Exhibit A. Attachment form CR-125/JV-525.)CALIFORNIA EVIDENCE LAWCA EVIDENCE CODE 115. Except where otherwise provided by law the burden of proof shall be by the preponderance of the evidence. Furthermore, the burden of proof is on the accuser. Here the accuser is the CA State Government witness California Highway Patrol officer Crane (Crane). Motion for Production and subpoena are entered (supra.)(infra.). (EXHIBIT A. Attachment form CR-125/JV-525.)CALIFORNIA CAL TRABS DISTRICTS 12 Orange County and DISTRICTS 4 Alameda Counties HOV rulesCalifornia Highway Patrol’s ARE aware or should be aware that Caltrans Tran Districts 4 and 12 permit ingress and egress from the HOV (High Occupancy Vehicle) aka Carpool lanes at any point. EXHIBIT B (copy of citation)2003 California Vehicle Code (CVC) Visit the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) website, see Appendix A-7 and A-8: http://www.dmv.ca.gov/pubs/vctop/vc/vctoc.htm. Most of the HOV related vehicle code sections are located in Division 11 of the CVC.♦ Section 21460 Double Lines♦ Section 21654 Slow-Moving Vehicles♦ Section 21655 Designated Lanes for Certain Vehicles♦ Section 21655.3 Permanent High-Occupancy Vehicle Lanes♦ Section 21655.5 Exclusive- or Preferential- Use Lane for High-OccupancyVehicles♦ Section 21655.5(b) Mass Transit and Para Transit Vehicles may use HOV lanes regardless of occupancy♦ Section 21655.6 Approval of Joint Transportation Planning Agency or CTC♦ Section 21655.7 Use of Highway: Public Mass Transit Guideway♦ Section 21655.8(a) Entering or Exiting Preferential- Use Lanes♦ Section 21655.9 HOV Lanes: Use by Ultra-Low Emission Vehicles♦ Section 21714 Three-Wheeled Vehicles: Operation in HOV Lanes♦ Section 22364 Lane Speed Limits♦ Section 22406 Maximum Speed for Designated VehiclesUNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL LAW – 14th AMENDMENTUnder the 14th Amendment Right to Due Process and Right of Confrontation. A defendant has no duty to testify, nor any duty to provide Exculpatory evidence where there is a presumption of a negative. That negative is a presumption of ‘not guilty’.Also, under the 14th amendment, I have a right to confront any accuser herein Government witness(s) and demand proof and evidence to meet the burden of proof of what evidence the Government witness has against the defendant.Where there is a failure to provide such evidence to corroborate the allegations by the Government witness a motion to dismiss must be granted by the court for lack of evidence to prosecute. That Motion to dismiss is hereby entered in the interest of justice where the California Highway Patrol office fails to provide the requested motion for production underCR-125/JV-525 Subpoena/Subpoena Duces Tecum (order to attend court or provide documents (Facts not in evidence) as ordered by the Subpoena.)In the interest of justice Motion to Dismiss is hereby entered.QUESTIONS FOR THE TRIAL COURT COMMISSIONERVC 21655The definition of law enforcement includes VC21655–Section 21655 Designated Lanes for Certain Vehicles Allows the Department of Transportation or local authorities to designate specific lanes for vehicles required to drive at reduced speeds. Requires vehicles driving at reduced speeds to use the farthest right lanes.My vehicle is a 2018 Nissan LEAF Electric Vehicle (EV) not a hybrid, But rather a FULL EV. Thus I am permitted to travel in the HOV lane. Furthermore, on that date, I had a passenger in the front seat of my vehicle making my car “ELIGIBLE” to be in the HOV lane. This evidence is self-evident on the citation itself as it lists the Year, Make, and Model of my Nissan LEAF EV.A complaint was also filed with CA Highway Patrol HQ in Sacramento vs. CRANE. (EXHIBIT D) for this violation.MOTION TO IMPEACH FOR PERJURY (CA PC141)Motion for CRANE to be Impeached and charged with Perjury under PC141.AB 1909, Lopez. Falsifying evidence. Approved by Governor on September 30, 2016. Filed with Secretary of state on September 30, 2016.SECTION 1. Section 141 of the Penal Code is amended to read:141 (b) A peace officer who knowingly, willfully, intentionally, and wrongfully alters, modifies, plants, places, manufactures, conceals, or moves any physical matter, digital image, or video recording, with the specific intent that the action will result in a person being charged with a crime or with the specific intent that the physical matter, digital image, or video recording will be concealed or destroyed, or fraudulently represented as the original evidence upon a trial, proceeding, or inquiry, is guilty of a felony punishable by two, three, or five years in the state prison.Submitting a traffic citation for prosecution without evidence and without corroborating evidence satisfies this statute signed into law by Governor Brown on September 30th, 2016, and filed with the Secretary of State effective immediately on the same said date September 30th, 2016.On the said date of this citation Defendant, Doe was traveling from Orange County via SR57 freeway HOV lane northbound and Transitioned to SR60 freeway HOV lane Westbound. The defendant was traveling in an Eligible EV vehicle and had a passenger THUS was qualified to enter the SR60 HOV westbound.Orange county district 12 permits entry of HOV lanes “anywhere”. And there is no marker to show where the Orange county line and Los Angeles County line separate.Defendant Doe was wrongfully cited.While stopped Defendant produced:1. A current and valid CA DL# Cxxxxxxx2. A current and valid Registration on a brand new 2018 Nissan LEAF EV. (only 1 month old from the date of purchase)3. A current and valid “proof of financial responsibility” aka “proof of insurance” via 21st Century insurances.4. These are ‘not’ disputed facts.However, corrupt CHP patrolman CRANE, refused to accept the Current and valid registration saying it was a copy, and not an original and he was going to issue me a citation for not having the original IN ADDITION to the VC21655.I verbally disputed that CRANE WAS INCORRECT. The law only requires valid registration. It does not specify the original or a copy.FACTS:FACTS: Defendant was informed by another CHP that the Original Registration should never be kept with the car.FACTS: There is no law that requires the Original Registration should be kept with the car.REASON: If and where the vehicle ever gets “towed” the tow yard will require the “original registration” to get the vehicle out of impound.Vehicle License FeesAn annual license fee is "imposed for the privilege of operating [a vehicle] upon the public highways in this state...." (Rev. & Tax. Code, § 10751.)[6] The amount of this fee "shall be a sum equal to 2 percent of the market value of the vehicle as determined by the [DMV]." (§ 10752.)As originally enacted in the year 1941, section 10753 directed the DMV annually to "compile and publish a list showing the market values... of each class 768*768 of the vehicle subject to the license fee...." (Stats. 1941, ch. 40, § 1, pp. 605-606.) Upon registration, the DMV would use the information in this "rate book" to assign to the vehicle a classification code from which its market value would be determined for the year of the sale and all subsequent years, regardless of any change in ownership. The DMV did not differentiate between vehicles originally sold within California and those originally sold outside the state.In year 1948, section 10753 was amended to require the DMV to determine the market value of vehicles "upon the basis of California delivered prices as established by the manufacturers or distributors in their selling agreements with authorized dealers as of the time the particular make and year model is first offered for sale in California...." (Stats. 1948, ch. 26, § 2, p. 129.) Manufacturers informed the DMV of the "delivered price" on each model, and the DMV entered this information in its rate book. Using a method described in section 10753.2 (enacted in 1948), the market value of each vehicle was determined from this "delivered price" according to a depreciation schedule set forth in the statute.[7] As before, the same classification code was assigned to the vehicle and the same tax was imposed, whether the vehicle was purchased in California or elsewhere.The DMV, however, urged the Legislature to alter the method for determining the vehicle license fee, because manufacturers objected to supplying information regarding prices, thereby causing delays at the beginning of each model year in updating the rate book. In the year 1967, the Legislature amended section 10753 to require the DMV to determine the market value of vehicles by reference to "California suggested base price" (§ 10753, subd. (a)), which was defined as "the retail price of the vehicle suggested by the manufacturer ... as reflected on the price listing affixed to the vehicle pursuant to the Federal Automobile Information Disclosure Act of 1958...." (§ 10753, subd. (g), as amended by Stats. 1967, ch. 435, § 1, pp. 1647-1648.) The "price listing" is commonly referred to as the "sticker price" of the vehicle.[8] Section 10753 defined California suggested base price to include "destination charge[s]" and the cost of statutorily required 769*769 "emission control devices," but not the cost of factory-installed "accessor[ies]" or "optional equipment."[9] (§ 10753, subd. (g).) The statute further provided: "In the event the [DMV] is unable to ascertain California suggested base price as herein defined ..., the [DMV] shall determine the market value upon the basis of the cost price to the purchaser of the vehicle as evidenced by a certificate of cost...." (§ 10753, subd. (c).)The years stated in the citation supra. Are respectively:1941, 1948, 1958, 1967.These were years “before” the invention of police vehicle radios and computers.Thus on April 14th, 2018, CRANE could clearly see defendants' tags and license plates were brand new and barely 1 month old and CRANE could have also used his radio and motorcycle mobile computer to ascertain the valid and current registration of the defendants brand new NISSAN LEAF EV Vehicle. My vehicle was brand new, purchased on March 10th, 2018, about 1 month and 4 days prior to April 14th, 2018.Yet, on the pretense of ‘not’ having the “original” registration in my car CRANE THREATENED AND INTIMIDATED defendant with an additional citation for not having that original registration.Defendant and passenger observed CRANE walk back to his vehicle and look through the CA VC book for 15 minutes. But he failed to find that code to cite the defendant. When CRANE returned there was no mention of the “failure to have registration” on the citation.Further corroborating evidence the defendant has. Defendants 2018 NISSAN LEAF has not 1, not 2 but 3 audio/video cameras installed for his safety.Two of these cameras face forward and one camera faces to the rear.All three cameras recorded audio and video interaction between Defendant and CRANE. These audio/videos can be produced at trial-de-novo to Impeach CRANE on the Motions stated herein and below.MOTIONS:Motion to Impeach this CRANE for “obstruction of justice” the defendant also has a right to justice.Motion to Impeach this CRANE for “conspiracy” to falsify charges.Motion to Impeach this CRANE for “perjury” PC 118.1 for misquoting the law and threats to falsely issue a citation under color of authority.Motion for Pitchess rule to disclose any other dishonesty or corruption by CRANE to be presented to the court for adjudication. Under SB1421 permitting discovery of Law Enforcement personnel files.Motion to Impeach under Penal Code Section 141 as amended by AB 1909 on 9-30-2016. Signed into law by then-Governor Jerry Brown and recorded immediately by CA State Secretary. (see Citation below)California Penal Code Section 141CA Penal Code § 141 (2017)(a) Except as provided in subdivisions (b) and (c), a person who knowingly, willfully, intentionally, and wrongfully alters, modifies, plants, places, manufactures, conceals, or moves any physical matter, digital image, or video recording, with the specific intent that the action will result in a person being charged with a crime or with the specific intent that the physical matter will be wrongfully produced as genuine or true upon a trial, proceeding, or inquiry, is guilty of a misdemeanor.(b) A peace officer who knowingly, willfully, intentionally, and wrongfully alters, modifies, plants, places, manufactures, conceals, or moves any physical matter, digital image, or video recording, with the specific intent that the action will result in a person being charged with a crime or with the specific intent that the physical matter, digital image, or video recording will be concealed or destroyed, or fraudulently represented as the original evidence upon a trial, proceeding, or inquiry, is guilty of a felony punishable by two, three, or five years in the state prison.(c) A prosecuting attorney who intentionally and in bad faith alters, modifies, or withholds any physical matter, digital image, video recording, or relevant exculpatory material or information, knowing that it is relevant and material to the outcome of the case, with the specific intent that the physical matter, digital image, video recording, or relevant exculpatory material or information will be concealed or destroyed, or fraudulently represented as the original evidence upon a trial, proceeding, or inquiry, is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months, or two or three years.(d) This section does not preclude prosecution under both this section and any other law.(Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 879, Sec. 1. (AB 1909) Effective January 1, 2017.)MOTION TO SHOW CAUSE FOR THE TRIAL COURT COMMISSIONERWhere the Commissioner fails to honor these arguments and finds the defendant guilty of this illegal traffic infraction, Objection is hereby entered for purposes of Appeal. Motion to show cause is hereby entered. Defendant Doe request written explanation for cause for purposes of Appeal.MOTION TO SHOW BASIS or PRECEDENT FOR THE TRIAL COURT COMMISSIONERWhere the Commissioner fails to honor these arguments and finds the defendant guilty of this illegal traffic infraction, Motion to show Basis or Precedent that supersedes the citations quoted in arguments herein - is hereby entered. Otherwise, Objection is hereby entered for purposes of Appeal. Defendant Doe requests a written explanation for Basis for purposes of Appeal.CONCLUSIONNotwithstanding and for all the arguments and reasons stated above and incorporated by reference; I, therefore contend there is more than reasonable doubt as to the authenticity and veracity of the citation and the government record as argued and cited here in.. There reasonable doubt for the reasons, and case law and statutes as cited for dismissing the ticket. In the interest of Justice, I respectfully request that the said citation herein against DEFENDANT DOE be dismissed and the Motion to Dismiss be granted.I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the foregoing statements are true and correct.Sincerely,JOHN DOEExecuted at:9545 Main StAll American City, CA 90001Dated: January 24th, 2019_________________JOHN DOEAPPENDIX A:http://www.dot.ca.gov/trafficops/tm/docs/HOV_Guidelines-English-Edition-Jan2018.pdf♦ HOV Guidelines, 2016 English Edition Appendix A♦ 7 ADDITIONAL HOV INFORMATIONCalifornia Vehicle Code sections relating to HOV lanes: To view the 2003 California Vehicle Code (CVC), visit the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) website: http://www.dmv.ca.gov/pubs/vctop/vc/vctoc.htm .Most of the HOV related vehicle code sections summarized below are located in Division 11 of the CVC. Section titles in BOLD indicate official title names as shown in the CVC. The section title in the regular font was included for clarity in describing the HOV related issue.Section 21460 Double Lines The purpose of the solid-white single line on the inside of the double yellow lines on buffered HOV lanes is to permit vehicles to legally drive to the left of the double yellow lines as defined in the provisions of this section. Section 21654 Slow-Moving Vehicles This section requires vehicles, such as those with 3-or-more-axles or vehicles with trailers as defined in Section 22406, to use the farthest right freeway lanes. Therefore, these vehicles cannot use the HOV lanes. Section 21655 Designated Lanes for Certain Vehicles Allows the Department of Transportation or local authorities to designate specific lanes for vehicles required to drive at reduced speeds. Requires vehicles driving at reduced speeds to use the farthest right lanes.Section 21655.3 Permanent High-Occupancy Vehicle Lanes After 1/1/87, but before 12/31/87 all permanently designated HOV lanes operating 24 hours a day shall be separated from general use highway lanes by a minimum 4 feet wide buffer.Section 21655.5 Exclusive- or Preferential- Use lanes for High-Occupancy Vehicles Allows the Department of Transportation and local authorities to designate specific lanes for HOV preferential use upon completion of competent engineering estimates made of the effects of the lanes on safety, congestion, and highway capacity.Section 21655.5(b) Mass transit and Para Transit Vehicles Enactment of SB 236 on January 1, 1998, permits mass Transit vehicles to use the HOV lanes without meeting the occupancy requirement. Enactment of AB 2582 on January 1, 2003, permits clearly marked para Transit vehicles to use the HOV lanes without meeting the occupancy requirement. This section also requires that HOV lane-use comply with posted signs designating the minimum occupancy requirement.Section 21655.6 Approval of Transportation Planning Agency or County Transportation Commission Requires the Department of Transportation to have the approval of the county Transportation commission prior to establishing new HOV lanes.Section 21655.7 Use of Highway: Public Mass Transit Guideway Allows for any portion of a highway to be designated for exclusive public mass Transit use.Section 21655.8(a) Entering or Exiting Preferential-Use Lanes A citation for violation of the provisions of this section, commonly called a buffer violation, carry a minimum fine of $271. APPENDIX A♦ HOV Guidelines, 2016 English Edition Appendix A♦ 8Section 21655.9 HOV Lanes: Use by Ultra – Low Emission Vehicles Website for list of vehicles that meet federal requirements and qualify as ultra-low emission vehicles (ULEV) and super ultra-low-emission vehicles (SULEV) in Assembly Bill 71, enacted July 1, 2000: California Air Resources BoardSection 21714 Three-Wheeled Vehicles: Operation in HOV Lanes Prohibits three-wheeled vehicles from using the HOV lanes.Section 22364 Lane Speed Limits Allows the Department of Transportation to post the appropriate speed for designated lanes.Section 22406 Maximum Speed for Designated Vehicles By definition in this section, trucks with three or more axles, or vehicles with trailers, are not allowed to use the HOV lanes because they cannot drive the maximum legal speed limit posted on HOV lanes in California. Provisions ofSection 21654 (above) then apply.If you like this answer, feel free to look at some of my other interesting answers.