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I love this question because there is just so much to talk about. There are literally thousands of technologies that can be traced back to the military funding or military necessity that we now use daily in our everyday lives. That said, I scavenged around the internet for a list of the some my favorite uses that come from direct military research. For that reason, I take no responsibility or credit for writing any of the sections (besides vaccines and refrigerators. You can blame me there if you disagree.) I'm just delivering the information to new readers. You can see all my sources for more information at the bottom.The InternetProbably the most visible product of military research is what you’re using to read this very article. The research, protocols, and basic hardware that became the foundation of the Internet were all developed by primarily military government agencies, beginning with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency’s 1962 mandate to connect the computers of the Pentagon, the Strategic Air Command, and the bombproof defense command centers buried deep below Cheyenne Mountain.In August 1962, JCR Licklider’s paper entitled “On-Line Man Computer Communication” described a connected global network, and by October he’d been appointed director of the new Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) at ARPA, as it was called back then. His brief was to create a network to connect Department of Defense computers at three disparate locations. It wasn’t until another internet pioneer, Robert Taylor, took over as the head of IPTO and brought in Larry Roberts from MIT that work on building the network began. The first host-to-host connection between PCs on the new Arpanet was established at 10.30pm on 29 October 1969, creating the world’s first fully operational packet-switching network. By December, a four-node network was up and running, the first email was sent across it in 1972, and people started referring to it as the internet in 1973.DARPA research teams came up with the fundamental technologies that made computer networking possible, and when the military computers were successfully linked, the government made the technology available to America’s college system, where it was further refined until it became the preferred distribution channel for all the world’s news, entertainment, and pornography.Although there are many individuals to whom the development of the net can be attributed, without DARPA it simply wouldn’t exist.Internet anonymityI know right? Privacy, anonymity and government agencies aren’t natural bedfellows, but bear with us. Those who care about online privacy will probably have heard of the Tor privacy service, which, when used in conjunction with the Tor private browser, offers possibly the most anonymous method of being on the internet.The core principle behind Tor – namely, “onion routing” – was originally funded by the US Office of Naval Research in 1995, and the development of the technology was helped along by DARPA in 1997. Three years later, the Tor network emerged as a direct result of the earlier DARPA-funded work.So, what is an onion network? It involves adding a layer of encryption for each router node along the path that your data travels, each encryption layer being peeled back one at a time by routers along the way.Each router unpeels a single layer to get instructions on where to send the data packets next, but can’t see where the data packets have come from. None of these nodes knows the origin of those packets, nor the ultimate destination, nor does it have access to the contents of your data transfer.VaccinesModern vaccines probably date back to practices developed during the American Revolutionary War and can probably be traced back even further to ancient Africa. While in Valley Forge, the Colonial army suffered a hard winter. Among problems such as no food, poor clothing and the freezing winter, Valley Forge was wrought with the diseases that run in such camps. Among them a smallpox epidemic.It was seen in those days that one population of Americans had a surprising resistance to various diseases such as Smallpox. This group was the slaves brought over from Africa. According to them, the slaves owed their resilience to a strange practice brought over by the slaves that was said to protect them from the disease. This practice would appear to regular people like you and me to be barbaric at best and to many, looks much more like dark arts and evil magic. This practice involved a practitioner to pierce with a knife the puss ridden whelps of an animal diseased with Cowpox, a relative of the Smallpox virus. With the knife now contaminated with the bovine's infected puss, the practitioner would then wipe the puss against an open wound on the patient's body. This wound was usually a large cut and usually self inflicted for the purposes of the procedure. Now let's go back a few hundred years before our understanding of modern microbiology. This sounds completely stupid. Honestly I have no idea how anyone would have ever thought to do this, or why any doctor in his right might would go for it, but for the Africans it seemed to noticeably work. Perhaps pushed by desperation or lack of knowing any better, Colonial doctors tried something revolutionary, or at least very stupid by conventional wisdom of the day. The Americans gave it a stab.The immediate results were devastating. About 1 in 10 came down with a severe outbreak of a disease similar to the Smallpox virus. Many died. Yet this was a win for the men of Valley Forge. How? Because 1 in 10 is much better than the 1 in 4 that would have been expected to die given no protection from the virus. Considering where we were in history of medicine, this amounted to a medical miracle.Since that time we have come a long way in how we understand diseases and how we make and use vaccines. So much so that diseases like one of the world's deadliest diseases in history, Smallpox has been eradicated completely. Polio went from being a disease that could still take down one of the wealthiest and most powerful people in the world in the 1920's (Franklin D. Roosevelt) to almost non-existent in the 2020's. Thousands of diseases are loosing the battle for our lives and now millions of people who wouldn't be here are. Still there is an important lesson to know from how it all got started and how that applies today. When vaccines were first used in practice that we know of, it came with a 1 in 10 casualty rating. This was seen as blessing because of the very real threat that the disease posed. the 10% chance of getting sick to Cowpox was far better than the 25% chance of dying to Smallpox. That is what we today have to accept. No good thing comes without some risk, but with vaccines the risk of not putting your faith in them is far, far greater than if you do.The Global Positioning SystemWhen you rely on the GPS app on that Android phone to keep yourself from getting lost, you’re using the same Global Positioning System satellites set up by the U.S. Department of Defense starting in 1979. At President Clinton’s behest, the system became available to civilian users in 1996.The GPS, or global positioning system, was originally developed for Air Force and Navy use. Ground-based radio systems like LORAN had been a vital part of sea and air navigation since the Thirties, but the tumult of World War II had shown that a system dependent on terrestrial antennas and command centers was vulnerable to enemy attack. The United States Navy, in great need of an all-weather navigation system practically invulnerable from enemy action, commissioned the “Transit/NAVSTAR” satellite system in the Sixties as an aid to their Polaris-class nuclear missile subs, and the navigational system soon spread to the rest of the American military establishment.Transit was so useful that NATO adopted and enlarged it to form a navigational network named “Navstar-GPS,” a system that the Reagan administration released to the public shortly after a Korean airliner strayed into Russian airspace and was shot down.Between 1973 and 1978, Dr. Bradford Parkinson worked with both military branches to develop the Navstar GPS system, which relies on numerous satellites positioned at staggered points around the earth. The system uses multiple satellites to triangulate users' location and help navigate. It can be very accurate any time of day, anywhere in the world. It is accurate enough for the military, which uses it to guide missiles and track aircraft and vessels. In The technology can now be found in many commercial applications, including airlines, cars and smartphones. In the late 1980s and early '90s, the United States launched a second generation of satellites, which are more accurate than the first. The European Union and China have begun to develop their own independent networks.Today, the technology is so ubiquitous that it’s hard to buy a cellphone that doesn’t have a GPS antenna built into it.Freeze DryingDippin’ Dots, anyone? The technology that’s now used to make freeze-dried ice cream was first used widely during World War II as a way of preserving medical supplies that otherwise required refrigeration.EpipenEpiPens, the auto-injecting syringes that allow you to give yourself a quick shot of epinephrine to stave off an allergic reaction, sprung from a similar device designed to protect soldiers from nerve agents and chemical weapons.In fact, I still remember the rhyme my HAZMAT specialist taught me.ANTROPENETWO-PANCLORIDEDANTROPENETWO-PANCLORIDEDAlright it doesn't rhyme. The military doesn't do good at rhyming, just remember the "TWO". It goes in second, or you die.Cargo PantsBritish soldiers began sporting cargo pants in the 1930s because they offered a convenient way to carry vital military gear like ammunition. American troops adopted them just a few years later, and the general public began to wear them in the 1990s.Duct TapeIn 1942, duct tape was invented for the military as a way to seal ammunition cases so that water couldn’t get in. Soldiers during WWII quickly realized that it worked well for fixing army gear, too. In World War II, Johnson & Johnson’s Revolite Permacell division developed the widely purposable tape most Americans recognize as duct, or “duck” tape. The tape’s ease of use, durability and water-resistance made it useful to seal containers and fix windows and equipment during the war. The basic components of the product is medical tape with polyethylene backing. When used in the army, it was typically green, but after the war, it was used in civilian applications such as construction and repair and became recognizable for its silver-gray color. Several companies now manufacture duct tape, including Scotch and Duck-brand.Gas CansYou know those canisters you use in order to get gasoline to put in your lawnmower? They were initially developed for the German military in the 1930s.JeepThe Jeep has come a long way since it was first manufactured for American troops to use on reconnaissance missions in WWII. Now celebrating its 70th anniversary, some new models of the world’s oldest SUV come equipped with luxuries such as leather-wrapped steering wheels, DVD players, and touchscreen media consoles.Four-wheel-drive technology actually had been around since the turn of the 20th century. By the 1930s, the military needed a scout car that could have speed and versatility in addition to hauling power and all-terrain capacity. The problem was that these two features were mutually exclusive from an engineering standpoint. The first Jeep that made it to battle, the Willys-Overland MB, provided the answer as the perfect army scout vehicle. Its performance in the war was so outstanding that Dwight D. Eisenhower said, “America could not have won World War II without it.” With war hero status, the military buggy had no trouble transitioning into a civilian car, with Americans appreciating the new light utility vehicles. Now, the Jeep brand continues to market itself on military toughness, going as far as joining with the Call of Duty video game franchise to promote its vehicles.ComputersENIAC, the first electronic computer that was capable of being programmed to serve many different purposes, was designed for the U.S. military during WWII. The army paid for the computer to be built so they could use it in their Ballistic Research Laboratory.Microwave OvensOne of the most dramatic technological advantages to come out of WWII was the power and sophistication of radar: beginning the war in the form of giant antenna installations that couldn’t measure distance, altitude, and bearing at the same time and ending it in applications small enough to fit in some of the world’s first guided missiles. While you’re not likely to be using a lot of guided missiles in your everyday life, you’re almost certain to use an accidental byproduct of radar research—the microwave oven.The technology behind the microwave oven was developed during World War II. At the time, the U.S. and British militaries engineered the magnetron, which was the result of research conducted on radio transmission and radar detection. The magnetron produced much smaller radio waves, known as microwaves, and was small and powerful enough to be used in airplanes. Its detection capabilities helped solve the persistent problem of accurately bombing towns. Microwaves' ability to heat food was discovered accidentally after the war in 1945. An American scientist realized that the radar transmitters used by the U.S. Army throughout WWII actually released enough heat—in the form of “microwaves”—that they could cook food. Percy Lebaron Spencer, who was employed at the time by the American defense contractor Raytheon Company, realized at work one day that radar waves had melted a candy bar in his pocket. After confirming that he himself had not also melted and presumably getting a new coat, Spencer determined that the microwave radiation was responsible for heating the candy bar but not the wrapper, and proposed to use this phenomenon to cook foods. This technology was used to construct the first microwave oven within the next 2 years. Eight years later, Raytheon produced the gigantic 1161 Radarange for commercial and institutional use; a further thirteen years of tweaking and tinkering shrank the Radarange’s size and price tag down to civilian levels, selling the new model under Raytheon’s domestic badge Amana. Raytheon produced the first commercially available microwave oven in 1954. Today, microwaves are used in a variety of applications, including in detecting speed, sending telephone and television communications, curing plywood, treating muscle soreness and of course in microwave ovens.RefrigeratorsRefrigeration has existed for many years. At any point where you could stick a block of ice inside a box, you had a working refrigerator unit. It wasn't until World War II that there came a great need to ship massive amounts of food goods overseas for long voyages and, preferably, keep them fresh. With this came the advent of the Freon. The introduction of Freon in the 1920s expanded the refrigerator market during the 1930s and provided a safer, low-toxicity alternative to previously used refrigerants. Separate freezers became common during the 1940s, the popular term at the time for the unit was a deep freeze. These devices, or appliances, did not go into mass production for use in the home until after World War II.Freon usage in refrigeration units also led the way for modern air conditioning.Digital CamerasMajor governments have launched sophisticated spy satellites with super-high-resolution cameras into orbit since the late fifties in order to sneak a peek on each others’ troop concentrations and industrial developments. While the photos from these satellites were priceless in intelligence terms, there was one major technical snag that made relying on them a pain in the ass: the only way to get at these pictures was to grab the undeveloped film canisters that the satellite would periodically poop out, a complicated operation that involved a mid-air snagging of the canister’s tiny parachute as it drifted through the atmosphere.Almost a third of the results of America’s otherwise successful “Keyhole” spy satellite program were lost due to this tricky retrieval program, but the NASA/USAF KH-11 “Kennan” satellite of 1976 put an end to the problem with the use of a revolutionary electro-optical camera that transmitted images in encoded digital format. The fundamentals of the technology are still in use in modern digital cameras, and the updated form of the KH-11 is still a major part of American surveillance technology.AntibioticsPenicillin was first isolated in a usable anti-bacterial agent in 1928 by Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming, but its medical usefulness wasn’t apparent until the beginning of the Second World War. The rots and infectious diseases that plagued the wounded soldiers of World War One were largely eliminated by early antibiotic treatments like sulfonamide and benzylpenicillin. After the war, these antibiotics became a common part of Western medicine, so much so that the overuse of these medicines is now a major health problem.Canned FoodBack when France was an unstoppable military superpower instead of a tired joke about cheese eating, the French government under Napoleon offered an astonishing 12,000 franc reward to any inventor that could create a way to preserve and store lots of cheap crappy food. At the time, France was busy kicking ass throughout almost all of Europe and was seriously considering launching an assault on a completely new and different continent, so the French military was extremely interested in any new developments in feeding a huge number of people as cheaply as possible.Chef and brewer Nicolas Appert happened to notice that food cooked in sealed jars never seemed to spoil, and his discovery was soon adapted to the use of tin cans for preservation. Unfortunately for French soldiers, the invention of the can-opener came a full thirty years after the invention of the can, so troops in the field had to make do with bayonets, entrenchment tools, and sharp rocks in order to eat the carefully-preserved foods within the can.Ambulance ServicesA refinement of the traditional process of carting away the dead and dying to someplace where they would stink less, the ambulance first made an appearance in the Spanish army of the late 15th century. The “ambulancias” more properly referred to the portable military hospitals that followed the troops around, but came to be attached to the wagons and litters that would remove the wounded from the battlefield after the fight had been won.The “flying ambulance” of Napoleon’s army is closer to our modern conception of the ambulance—a two or four-wheeled carriage that would venture out into enemy fire to rescue the wounded and provide basic first aid until the patient reached the hospital camp.The ambulance cart became standard issue for Union troops during the Civil War, and in 1869 former Army surgeon Edward Dalton introduced the first large-scale ambulance service to the Commercial Hospital of Cincinnati. By the end of the following year, the service had answered 1401 emergency calls.SunglassesAviators soon became inextricably linked in the public mind with the classic cool of the victorious American Air Force, as well as the grandiose swaggering of General Douglas MacArthur, who was rarely seen without his aviators. The characteristically dark shades of the aviator sunglasses were at one time necessary for test pilots pushing the limits of the airplane. Today almost exclusively sported by ironic hipsters and extremely un-ironic cops, the classic “aviator” style of sunglasses was invented by the Ray-Ban corporation to protect pilots’ eyes from glints and glares.At high altitudes, a pilot’s eyes could either be severely damaged by the extremely bright light in the upper atmosphere, or they could freeze in temperatures approaching -80 degrees Fahrenheit. In such conditions, goggles with dark lenses and a tear-drop shape were ideal. A design that prevented as much sunlight as possible from reaching the eye led to Ray-Ban Aviator sunglasses, which became standard gear for men enlisted in the military during World War II. Covering as much of the eye as possible and tempered to block up to 80% of incoming light, the original Aviators were essential equipment for fighter pilots and bomber crews who always had to keep an eye out for enemy planes coming out of the angle of the sun.Since the war, Ray-Bans have made prominent appearances in movies such as Taxi Driver and Top Gun, and were famously worn by celebrities such as Michael Jackson.Safety RazorsMany believe that King Camp Gillette was the originator of the so-called “razor and blades” business model (sometimes expressed as “give ‘em the razor, sell ‘em the blades”) as a fundamental part of the disposable “safety” razor concept he had developed in 1903. In fact, Gillette screwed up his launch, pricing blade refills much higher than the public was willing to pay for, and when his patents lapsed copycat companies adopted the sold nearly identical designs at much cheaper rates—a lower profit margin but a steady source of income.Gillette regrouped and started pricing his stuff smarter, but he really hit it big when he snared the contract to supply every American soldier in WWI with a Gillette shaving kit. Practically overnight, the safety razor became an indispensable part of a man’s grooming kit, assuring the success of the Gillette brand up to this day.Tampons, Pads and other Feminine Hygiene ProductsThe biggest problem with war is that it tends to put holes in people, thus encouraging blood to take a scenic stroll through places it's not supposed to visit. Especially during World War I, when the dead and wounded toll hit the double-digit millions. And especially when a cotton shortage made the bandaging of dying soldiers a pain in the neck.In 1914, Kimberly-Clark was a paper mill company that realized you could do more with wood pulp besides just make it into paper. In fact, by carefully mixing and forming the right combination of pulp, you could get a material that was five times more absorbent than cotton, yet significantly cheaper to produce. Kimberly-Clark began selling their new “cellulocotton” to the military at cost, providing the Allied soldiers of WWI with an excellent new material to use for bandaging and sealing wounds, but then nurses began using it also during their menstrual cycle.After the war, Kimberly-Clark found itself in possession of a number of huge factories dedicated to producing cellulocotton, but not nearly as much demand from civilian doctors and surgeons. It looked like a lot of plants would have to close, at the cost of hundreds of jobs and millions of dollars, when one Kimberly-Clark executive came across an odd rumor concerning the Army nurses that had served at or near the front lines of the war.At the time, women’s menstrual pads were cumbersome cloth flaps that had to be washed and re-worn. Many women felt embarrassed by these “sanitary napkins,” partly because it was considered outstandingly rude to talk about anything period-related in public and partly because these early pads were more similar to diapers than the little numbers of today.The war nurses, being practical women, soon ditched their pads (which were a nightmare to keep clean in battlefield conditions) and cut themselves snips of cellulocotton, allowing them greater freedom of movement and comfort. When K-C found this out, they immediately launched the “Cellunap” sanitary napkin and eventually the Kotex (for “cotton textile”) women’s hygiene brand. Initially, according to the company, it struggled to market Kotex due to social taboos. In an effort to sell more of its wadding, the company, using a slightly altered ingredient blend, began producing Kleenex tissues. Kotex ads were unusually upfront about the taboo subject of periods, and often made mention of the product’s military roots and close connection to the military nurses. With a quick re-branding that actually capitalized on their product's origin, and that those nurses LOVED using their bandages during their periods.Meanwhile, cellulocotton has typically been replaced in both field dressings and tampons by newer synthetics like Curlex, although medics today have been known to plunder the female hygiene sections of PXes and supply cars when they’re running short of purpose-designed bandages.A Bunch of Classic ToysIn 1943, naval engineer Richard James was working on a doozy of a problem. Delicate equipment aboard battleships had this way of getting knocked the hell around during high seas. So James was messing around with springs to support the phonogram machines or whatever, when what do you know? He dropped one of the springs. And instead of just sitting there like a punk, the little spring kind of stepped away in a very slinky-like manner.Knowing that there was nothing kids loved more than coiled metal, James figured he just might have invented the world's greatest toy ever. Within two years, James found the perfect metal for his toy idea and scored a $500 loan to build his first batch, which he sold in 90 minutes.While the Slinky was discovered by accident, tons of government dollars worth of research were poured into Silly Putty. Silly Putty was born out of desperation during World War II. In 1943, the wartime rubber shortage was so bad that the government asked private companies to create a synthetic rubber substitute. Japanese forces had invaded rubber producing nations, limiting American access to the material. As a result, the U.S. military requested the private sector to create an alternative for the rubber used in boots and tires. General Electric had a whole team of scientists throw together every chemical they could think of in hopes that it would create something rubber-like. In 1943, James Wright, an engineer with General Electric, developed the putty from boric acid and silicone oil. This squishy mixture proved to have surprising qualities: It bounced and stretched, it would not stick and it only melted at very high temperatures. Things were looking up until someone pointed out that you can't make tires out of something with the malleability of wet chewing gum, even if it can totally copy the newspaper.While the material had no practical uses, it caught-on very quickly as a novelty. It was so useless at replacing rubber that GE tried to send it to scientists around the world in hopes that someone, anyone, could figure out something to do with it. Eventually, a toy manufacturer mentioned that little kids will pretty much play with anything you give them. Silly Putty became particularly popular after Peter Hodgson, who had first marketed the putty for a store in New Haven, recognized that people liked the goo for its unique properties -- it stretches and bounces but can be easily snapped into pieces. Hodgson began targeting children in the Silly Putty ads and selling it in the now-famous egg-shaped container. The rest is history.Finally, there's Walter "Fred" Morrison, the patron saint of hipsters.Fred, like most other college kids in the 1930s, spent a great deal of time throwing around pie pans from the Frisbie Baking Company. But it wasn't until he joined the Air Force that he learned about aerodynamics and he realized he was doing science during those pan-flinging sessions.So, Fred took what he learned about basic aerodynamics from the Air Force and made a prototype of a better flying disc, that didn't have bits of pie crust stuck to it. And instead of tin, he went with plastic. He dubbed his creation the "Pluto Platter," which was ultimately renamed the "Frisbee" and went on to provide hardcore leaping motivation for extreme college kids everywhere.Super GlueDate invented: 1951Super Glue was inadvertently first created by Harry Coover and Fred Joyner, Tennessee-based employees of Eastman Kodak, in 1951. At the time, they were looking to find a substance that could be used as a heat-resistant coating for jet cockpits. But not until seven years later, in 1958, did Super Glue, which did not need heat or pressure for the adhesive to work, hit the market. The product never made its acknowledged inventor, Coover, wealthy. The product eventually had both medical and military uses — it could be used in medical procedures and was used to treat wounded troops during the Vietnam War.***Edit to reflect someone who blocked me's comments which don't really make a lot of sense, especially given that so many answers were already written over a month ago.Are the products worth what the military spends developing it? It depends. Are you talking about Slinkies or the Internet? Are you talking about panty hose or modern aviation? Are you talking about vaccines or antibiotics? Oops. Guess both those last two were worth it. If you think about this rationally, some percentage of everything fails. Even successful projects don't meet their creators best expectations. For example, I heard today that there are places on the internet where you can see naked ladies. I hope no one discovers that. Going beyond that, there are regular failures where projects need to be scrapped and wasted. If you think that private sector somehow doesn't do this, you should check out the Silicon Valley boneyard of startups that flopped, wasting billions of investor capital.Could that money be put to better use? There is no way to answer that. People value different things. You may value healthcare so you would argue that it could have been spent on giving you free stuff. Others may value science, engineering, jobs, technology, or a better world through increases in funding to virtually every field, so they would argue that a person wanting only a few handouts and luxuries doesn't quite a clear set of priorities.Could the private sector have developed it more efficiently? This point shows such a fundamental misunderstand of how the world works. The private sector are who makes all these technologies. The government, whether Department of Defense, Department of Homeland Security, or Department of Agriculture don't do anything as far as directly creating these technologies. They only communicate a need to industries so that those interested try to put out bids to get contracts. The military just provides the necessary start-up funding for projects and incentive for those companies to grow. If not for them, there would be no known need for things like nuclear energy research which led to so much more important things than a bomb.My Sources:Famous Products Invented for the Military10 brilliant DARPA inventions5 Inventions You Won't Believe Came From War10 Everyday Items We Can Thank the Military for Inventing9 Things Invented For Military Use That You Now Encounter In Everyday LifeMilitary inventions hit the civilian marketFamous Products Invented for the MilitaryThanks for reading!For more answers like this check out On War by Jon Davis and follow my blog War Elephant for more new content. Everything I write is completely independent research and is supported by fan and follower pledges. Please consider showing your support directly by checking out my Patreon support page here: Jon Davis on Patreon: Help support in writing Military Novels, Articles, and Essays.

Yes, President Donald John Trump will be re-elected. A growing economy, lowest unemployment rates, lower illegal entries at the southern border, more drugs seized at the southern border,withdrawn from disastrous trade deals, withdrawn from the catastrophic Paris climate accord,more regulations slashed, more conservative federal judges installed, prison reform,finally a pay raise for our US military members, finally a pay raise for our senior citizens on social security, improvements to Medicare and Medicaid coverages for senior citizens, improvements to Veterans Affairs coverages and veterans care,reopened more national forests, national park, national recreation areas, national monuments, national wilderness areas to public access public use and public enjoyment,clean coal initiative to open and build more clean coal power plants, build and open more natural gas power plants, build new and more petroleum refinement facilities, build new and more nuclear power plants based on thorium,revitalized and improve the US space program, revitalize and improve the US military capabilities,improve the US solar observatory program satellites, funding earth science, and climate research by Professor Valentina Zharkova and her presentation of how the Earth’s Natural Climate Cycles are controlled and determined by the Natural Solar Cycles (Solar Maximums, Grand Solar Maximums, Solar Minimums, Grand Solar Minimums),funding earth science and climate research by John L. Casey, author of the books, “‎Upheaval, Dark Winter, Cold Sun” and a climate researcher who has independently proven the Natural Solar Cycles of Solar Maximums, Grand Solar Maximums, Solar Minimums, Grand Solar Minimums, which in turn, controls and directly causes the Earth’s Natural Climate Cycles,funding earth science and climate research by other well-respected scientists who have been fired or threatened with dismissal if they do not stop talking about Natural Solar Cycles of Solar Maximums, Grand Solar Maximums, Solar Minimums, Grand Solar Minimums, which in turn, controls and directly causes the Earth’s Natural Climate Cycles,Here are more earth science and climate research the Trump Administration has funded on Natural Solar Cycles of Solar Maximums, Grand Solar Maximums, Solar Minimums, Grand Solar Minimums, which in turn, controls and directly causes the Earth’s Natural Climate Cycles.#GlobalWarming #JohnColeman #TheWeatherChannelFounder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming!109,918 views • Published on Mar 20, 2008The John Birch SocietyPart 1: Founder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming! (Founder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming!)Part 2: Founder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming! (Part 2) (Founder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming! (Part 2))Part 3: Founder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming! (Part 3) (Founder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming! (Part 3))Part 4: Founder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming! (Part 4) (Founder of The Weather Channel Slams Global Warming! (Part 4))___________________________________________________________________________________The Last Time the Globe WarmedTry CuriosityStream today: http://curiositystream.com/eons (http://curiositystream.com/eons)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ldLBoErAhz4Viewers like you help make PBS (Thank you 😃) . Support your local PBS Member Station here: PBS: Donate (PBS: Donate)Imagine an enormous, lush rainforest teeming with life...in the Arctic. Well, there was a time -- and not too long ago -- when the world warmed more than any human has ever seen. (So far)Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios.com (http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios.com)Special thanks to Nobumichi Tamura for allowing us to use his work:Spinops (Spinops)Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?Facebook - Log In or Sign Up to View (Log In or Sign Up to View)Twitter - Eons (@EonsShow) | Twitter (Eons (@EonsShow) | Twitter)Instagram - Eons (@eonsshow) • Instagram photos and videos (Eons (@eonsshow) • Instagram photos and videos)References:CU Boulder Today (CU Boulder Today)Science Advances (Science Advances)Geology | GeoScienceWorld (Geology | GeoScienceWorld)Science, health and medical journals, full-text articles and books. (Science, health and medical journals, full-text articles and books.)Science (Science)130 million publications on ResearchGate (130 million publications on ResearchGate)Archive of all online content (Archive of all online content)http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/ (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/)https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth (https://www.e-education.psu.edu/earth)NASA Earth Observatory - Home (NASA Earth Observatory - Home)Palaeontology [online] (Palaeontology [online])http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/ (http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/)http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/ (http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/)Index of /FTP (Index of /FTP)https://www.sciencealert.com/carbon-emergency (https://www.sciencealert.com/carbon-emergency)https://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/ (https://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/)https://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/pressrelease (https://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/pressrelease)NASA Earth Observatory - Home (NASA Earth Observatory - Home)http://www.ei.lehigh.edu/eli/cc/resource (http://www.ei.lehigh.edu/eli/cc/resource)http://people.earth.yale.edu/paleocenane (http://people.earth.yale.edu/paleocenane)Thomas Kammer, West Virginia University (Thomas Kammer, West Virginia University)Eocene (Eocene)http://all-geo.org/highlyallochthonou (http://all-geo.org/highlyallochthonou)...http://academic.evergreen.edu/z/zita/ (http://academic.evergreen.edu/z/zita/)...http://naturalhistory.si.edu/ete/ETE_ (http://naturalhistory.si.edu/ete/ETE_)...https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti)...National Geographic Magazine (National Geographic Magazine)...Science, health and medical journals, full-text articles and books. (Science, health and medical journals, full-text articles and books.)...https://www.livescience.com/15597-pri (https://www.livescience.com/15597-pri)...https://news.nationalgeographic.com/n (https://news.nationalgeographic.com/n)...http://electronic-earth.net/3/19/2008 (http://electronic-earth.net/3/19/2008)...The Geological Society of London (https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Geoscienti)...https://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo1 (https://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo1)...http://www.whoi.edu/fileserver.do?id= (http://www.whoi.edu/fileserver.do?id=)...Caption authors (Spanish)Juan de Dios Ayala GonzálezMariana Sánchez TapiaRodrigo Valenzuela ShawcroftCategory: Science & Technology___________________________________________________________________________________Is an Ice Age Coming? | Space Time | PBS Digital Studios2,894,274 views•Published on May 25, 2016https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztninkgZ0wsSpoiler: no (and climate change has nothing to do with this).Get your own Space Time t­shirt at http://bit.ly/1QlzoBi (http://bit.ly/1QlzoBi)Tweet at us! @pbsspacetimeFacebook: PBS SpaceTime (http://facebook.com/pbsspacetime)Email us! [email protected] (mailto:[email protected])Comment on Reddit: PBS Space Time • r/pbsspacetime (http://www.reddit.com/r/pbsspacetime)Support us on Patreon! PBS Space Time is creating Astrophysics Videos | Patreon (http://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime)Help translate our videos! http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_cs_p (http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_cs_p)...We’re living in a brief window of time where our planet isn’t frozen underneath a giant layer of glaciers. How much longer will the moderate climate that we’ve come to know as “normal” continue? What causes these dramatic shifts in temperature that thaw our planet and then throw it back into a state of deep freeze? This episode looks at how the changes in our planet’s orbit and rotation impacts our climate.Written and hosted by Matt O’DowdMade by Kornhaber Brown (Home | kornhaberbrown (http://www.kornhaberbrown.com))Comments: 4798alexander4798https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwYSW...Ryan Lidsterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwYSW...Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryanskyhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UwYSW...Other Links:Physics Girl: Is Energy Always Conserved?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHCc9...PBS Idea Channel: Is Math a Feature of the Universe or a Feature of Human Creation?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbNym...Caption authors (Turkish)Uzak EvrenlerMelih Rustu CALIKOGLUCategory: Education___________________________________________________________________________________How Volcanoes Froze the Earth (Twice)675,313 views•Published on Jul 17, 2019https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ONwQV26L-kOver 600 million years ago, sheets of ice coated our planet on both land and sea. How did this happen? And most importantly for us, why did the planet eventually thaw again? The evidence for Snowball Earth is written on every continent today.Thanks to Julio Lacerda and Franz Anthony from Studio 252mya for their wonderful illustrations. You can find more of their work here: Studio 252MYA (https://252mya.com/)Special thanks to Judy Pu for answering our questions about Snowball Earth.Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: PBS Digital Studios (http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios)Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, MissyElliottSmith, The Scintillating Spencer, AA, Zachary Spencer, Stefan Weber, Ilya Murashov, Charles Kahle, Robert Amling, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Alex Yan.If you'd like to support the channel, head over to http://patreon.com/eons (http://patreon.com/eons), and pledge for some cool rewards!Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet?Facebook - Log In or Sign Up to View (Log In or Sign Up to View)Twitter - Eons (@EonsShow) | Twitter (Eons (@EonsShow) | Twitter)Instagram - Eons (@eonsshow) • Instagram photos and videos (Eons (@eonsshow) • Instagram photos and videos)References: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1d (https://docs.google.com/document/d/1d)...Category: Science & Technology___________________________________________________________________________________The Power of Volcanoes Pt. 1: Years without Summer | Full Documentary1,009,637 views•Published on Jun 3, 2017https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D7fR2Z880z8In the 6th century AD, large parts of the world were affected by mysterious weather events causing temperature drop, crop failures and famines. The series’ first episode analyzes how one single volcano probably caused “The Years Without Summer”, also known as Little Ice Age.The Power of Volcanoes Pt. 2: In the Shade of burning Mountains | Full Documentary702,558 views•Published on Jun 17, 2017https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gzJ5oy-DBoABig Volcanic eruptions are very rare compared to the duration of human life. Only indications of passed catastrophes can give us a clue what could happen in the future. An epidemic in Europe, Sulphur sediments found in the ice of Greenland and a forever disappeared nation – could a volcano connect all these things? Scientists reconstruct passed catastrophes and explain the power of the stone giants.Category: Science & Technology___________________________________________________________________________________How Much Does the Sun Affect Earth's Climate?90,045 views•Published on Jul 10, 2018https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JlYgFM9ndd4The sun is obviously a big factor in the earth's weather, but changes in the solar cycle don't always affect our climate in straightforward ways.Host: Caitlin HofmeisterFor special, curated artifacts of this universe, check out https://scishowfinds.com/ (https://scishowfinds.com/)Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow (https://www.patreon.com/scishow)Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters:Lazarus G, Sam Lutfi, Nicholas Smith, D.A. Noe, سلطان الخليفي, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, Tim Curwick, Charles George, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters. Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow (http://dftba.com/scishow)Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet?Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow (http://www.facebook.com/scishow)Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow (http://www.twitter.com/scishow)Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com (http://scishow.tumblr.com)Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow (http://instagram.com/thescishow)Sources:https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/no (https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/no)...https://arxiv.org/pdf/1204.4449.pdf (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1204.4449.pdf)https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.c (https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.c)...https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/su (https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/su)...https://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/br (https://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/br)...https://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming (https://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming)...https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Fea (https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Fea)...https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/e (https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/e)...https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/global-warm (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/global-warm)...http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/1 (http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/1)...https://phys.org/news/2017-03-sun-imp (https://phys.org/news/2017-03-sun-imp)...https://www.scientificamerican.com/ar (https://www.scientificamerican.com/ar)...https://www.space.com/19280-solar-act (https://www.space.com/19280-solar-act)...http://science.sciencemag.org/content (http://science.sciencemag.org/content)...http://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/ (http://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/)...Images:https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/tr (https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/tr)...https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/th (https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/th)...https://images.nasa.gov/details-GSFC_ (https://images.nasa.gov/details-GSFC_)...https://www.videoblocks.com/video/sno (https://www.videoblocks.com/video/sno)...https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/wi (https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/wi)...https://images.nasa.gov/details-PIA18 (https://images.nasa.gov/details-PIA18)...https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10804 (https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10804)https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4551 (https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4551)https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/ea (https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/ea)...Category: Education___________________________________________________________________________________Solar Variability and Climate - Joanna D. Haigh11,385 views•Published on Jul 12, 2017https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1MPQYN6fnQSerious Science - http://serious-science.org (http://serious-science.org)Joanna D. Haigh on the ‘little ice age’, solar radiation, and global warminghttp://serious-science.org/solar-vari (http://serious-science.org/solar-vari)...Category: Science & Technology___________________________________________________________________________________Dan Britt - Orbits and Ice Ages: The History of ClimateDr. Britt does a fantastic job at explaining how the earth’s non-linear orbits around the sun, the swinging magnetic poles, the oscillating spin, and planetary ocean heating and cooling cycles, and the solar cycles are all major factors in normal climate change.However, in the last 1/3 of the film, Dr. Britt does jump on liberal bandwagon, blaming human use of agriculture and fossil fuels as the major contributors of higher CO2 and Methane releases as the reason for the delayed normal galactical formation into the next Ice Age.330,564 views•Published on Feb 8, 2012Another lecture in IHMC's award-winning lecture series. http://www.ihmc.us (http://www.ihmc.us)Climate change has become a major political issue, but few understand how climate has changed in the past and the forces that drive climate. Most people don't know that fifty million years ago there were breadfruit trees and crocodiles on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, or that 18,000 years ago there was a mile-thick glacier on Manhattan and a continuous belt of winter sea ice extending south to Cape Hatteras. The History of Climate provides the context of our current climate debate and fundamental insight into how the climate works.Dr. Daniel Britt is a Professor of Astronomy and Planetary Sciences at the Department of Physics, University of Central Florida. He was educated at the University of Washington and Brown University, receiving a Ph.D. from Brown in 1991. He has had a varied career including service in the US Air Force as an ICBM missile launch officer and an economist for Boeing before going into planetary sciences. He has served on the science teams of two NASA missions, Mars Pathfinder and Deep Space 1. He was the project manager for the camera on Mars Pathfinder and has built hardware for all the NASA Mars landers.Britt currently does research on the physical properties and mineralogy of asteroids, comets, the Moon, and Mars under several NASA grants. Honors include 5 NASA Achievement Awards, election as a Fellow of the Meteoritical Society, and an asteroid named after him; 4395 Dan Britt. He is currently President of the Division for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society. He lives in Orlando with his wife, Judith. They have two sons, ages 16 and 21.Category: Science & Technology___________________________________________________________________________________Princeton's William Happer rebuts myth of carbon pollution128,059 viewshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8iEEO2UIbADr. William Happer, professor of physics at Princeton University, summarizes his arguments about the myth of carbon pollution. It's that myth that underlies global warming alarmists' key arguments. Happer offered these comments during a Sept. 8, 2014, speech for the John Locke Foundation's Shaftesbury Society.Category: News & Politics___________________________________________________________________________________Global Warming: Fact or Fiction? Featuring Physicists Willie Soon and Elliott Bloom241,166 views•Published on Aug 16, 2019https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zrejG-WI3UIs global warming real? Have any such predictions been established scientifically? Would massive “carbon” taxes and other controls put America and the world—especially the poor—at great risk? “Especially the “Green New Deal” will have a catastrophic financial effect on all nations, especially with the poverty and working class peoples.”At this special event, a geoscientist and astrophysicist Willie Soon separates fact from fiction in the global warming debate. He explains why the forecasts from CO2 climate models have been so wrong—and why solar influences on clouds, oceans, and wind drive climate change, not CO2 emissions. Stanford University physicist Elliott Bloom then comments.“The whole point of science is to question accepted dogmas. For that reason, I respect Willie Soon as a good scientist and a courageous citizen.”—Freeman J. Dyson, Professor Emeritus of Physics, Institute for Advanced Study; Templeton Prize Laureate“I am writing to express my deep admiration and respect for Dr. Willie Soon, a fine astrophysicist and human being... As Willie has shown in many ways, observational facts do not fit the CO2 dogma, and an enormous amount of evidence points to the Sun as a much more important driver of climate... Willie was right—whatever the cause of changing temperature, the main driver cannot be the concentration of atmospheric CO2.”—William Happer, Chairman, Presidential Committee on Climate Security; Cyrus Fogg Brackett Professor of Physics Emeritus, Princeton University; Member, National Academy of SciencesWillie Soon is a geophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. He received his Ph.D. (with distinction) in aeronautical engineering from the University of Southern California, and he has been Astronomer at the Mount Wilson Observatory; Senior Scientist at the George C. Marshall Institute; Senior Visiting Fellow at the State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science at Xiamen University; and Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Putra Malaysia. The author of 90 scientific papers, he has IEEE received the Nuclear & Plasma Sciences Society Award, Rockwell Dennis Hunt Award, Smithsonian Institution Award, Courage in Defense of Science Award, Petr Beckmann Award for Courage and Achievement in Defense of Scientific Truth and Freedom, and Frederick Seitz Memorial Award.Elliott D. Bloom is Professor Emeritus in the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC) at Stanford University and a Fellow of the American Physical Society. He was a member of the SLAC team with Jerome I. Friedman, Henry W. Kendall and Richard E. Taylor who received the Nobel Prize in Physics. He received his Ph.D. in physics from the California Institute of Technology, he is the author of numerous scientific papers, and he is the recipient of the Senior Scientist Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.For further information on and to order copies of the Independent Institute book, "Hot Talk, Cold Science: Global Warming's Unfinished Debate," by geophysicist S. Fred Singer, please go here:http://www.independent.org/store/book (http://www.independent.org/store/book)...The Independent Institute is a non-profit, non-partisan, public-policy research and educational organization that shapes ideas into profound and lasting impact. The mission of Independent is to advance peaceful, prosperous boldly, and free societies grounded in a commitment to human worth and dignity. Applying independent thinking to issues that matter, the Independent Institute creates transformational ideas for today’s most pressing social and economic challenges. The results of this work are published as books, the quarterly journal, "The Independent Review," and other publications and form the basis for numerous conference and media programs. By connecting these ideas with other organizations and networks, Independent seeks to inspire action that can unleash an era of unparalleled human flourishing at home and around the globe.Independent Institute:http://www.independent.org/ (http://www.independent.org/)“The Independent Review: A Journal of Political Economy” (Quarterly Journal):http://www.independent.org/publicatio (http://www.independent.org/publicatio)...Independent Institute Books:http://www.independent.org/store/inde (http://www.independent.org/store/inde)...FREE Email Updates from the Independent Institute:http://www.independent.org/register/s (http://www.independent.org/register/s)...Become a Member of the Independent Institute and receive a FREE gift:https://secure.independent.org/donate/ (https://secure.independent.org/donate/)Category: Education___________________________________________________________________________________A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Global Warming717,286 views•Published on Nov 11, 2014https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZlICdawHRASteven F. Hayward, Pepperdine UniversityThis lecture is part of Hillsdale College's 2014 CCA series. To learn more about Hillsdale College and the CCA programs, visit http://www.hillsdale.edu/outreach/cca (http://www.hillsdale.edu/outreach/cca)Category: EducationCreated using YouTube Video EditorSource videos View attributions___________________________________________________________________________________Climate Change Reconsidered: Science the U.N. Will Exclude from Its Next Climate Report54,486 views•Published on Sep 24, 2013https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jaVL1Ham-4A"Climate Change Reconsidered II: Physical Science" -- produced by a team of 40 scientists -- is the newest volume in the Climate Change Reconsidered series produced by The Heartland Institute and members of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC). As in previous reports, thousands of peer-reviewed articles are cited to determine the current state-of-the-art of climate science. This newest volume's findings challenge the alarmist reports of the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), whose next report is due out later this month. NIPCC authors paid special attention to contributions that were overlooked by the IPCC or that presented data, discussion, or implications, arguing against the IPCC's claim that dangerous global warming is occurring, or will occur, from human-related greenhouse gas emissions.Category: News & Politics___________________________________________________________________________________Dr Willie Soon demolishes the extreme weather panic and other hysterical arguments20,701 views•Published on Aug 23, 2019Dr. Willie Soon covers a range of issues including extreme weather, climate models, and possible alternative explanations for the observed variation.For more info, see http://swarnabharat.in/climate (http://swarnabharat.in/climate)Category: News & Politics___________________________________________________________________________________These are just a handful of the dozens of videos and pieces of science-based information which can be used to COMPLETELY DESTROY the PARIS “Climate Change” and the “Global Warming” conspiracy theories. These are the scientists who have proven, Al Gore is a LIAR!Please, think before simply believing everything the mainstream news media keeps cramming into your cranium. The US mainstream news media and US social media platforms are all corporately owned, professional spin doctors. The news anchors all look similar to the over-dressed Hunger Games Hosts or Sleazy Televangelists strutting around in their glitzy glammed up studios. All of the US mainstream news media and social media are purely ultra-leftists biased, special interest groups influenced, completely funded by ultra-wealthy multi-billionaire and muti-trillionaire families.Remember, the US mainstream news media and US social media platforms are completely compliant and subservient to the Globalist agenda of the CIA, NSA, MI5, and Mossad. The news media and social media news are only allowed to crank out the Globalist filth through Operation Mockingbird, the CIA, NSA, MI5, and Mossad Global news media control network. The big problem is, now that Operation Mockingbird has been “outed” the CIA, NSA, MI5, and Mossad has begun to use other more sophisticated covert mainstream news media manipulation operations, entertainment industry manipulation operations, and social media manipulation operations. These newer and more sophisticated covert mainstream news media manipulation operations, covert entertainment industry manipulation operations, and covert social media manipulation operations are specifically designed to “feed” directly to the global populations only the information, entertainment, and social media interaction they (CIA, NSA, MI5, Mossad) have chosen for the US, UK, EU, Israel, and basically the majority of the world’s populations to read, hear, see, and believe. If you doubt me, go ahead and click on these links, read for yourself, these credible news networks, who are now reporting on Operation Mockingbird, after a blizzard of Freedom of Information Act applications were filed by US Citizens, UK Citizens, French Citizens, German Citizens, Russian Citizens, Canadian Citizens, Italian Citizens, Australian Citizens, and Israeli Citizens. Operation Mockingbird | Operation, Outcome, Facts & Summary Notes (Operation Mockingbird | Operation, Outcome, Facts & Summary Notes) // User Clip: Operation Mockingbird exposed on C-Span (User Clip: Operation Mockingbird exposed on C-Span) // Underground Knowledge - A discussion group (Underground Knowledge - A discussion group) / Carl Bernstein (Carl Bernstein) // Operation Mockingbird: New York Times confesses to role in subverting First Amendment (Operation Mockingbird: New York Times confesses to role in subverting First Amendment)Project Echelon is the CIA, NSA, MI5, and Mossad information and intelligence gathering program to sweep up all telecommunications, cellular, internet, social media, cable television subscriptions, cable television viewing habits, satellite television subscriptions, satellite television viewing habits, law enforcement fire-rescue and ambulance radio communications and location tracking, CB radio communications and location tracking, HAM radio communications and location tracking, all other electronic communications and location tracking. Ex-Snoop Confirms Echelon Network (Ex-Snoop Confirms Echelon Network)Project Nightingale is the CIA, NSA, MI5, and Mossad mission to collect, store, and constantly update DNA samples and detailed health information on as many people around the globe as they can. Fortunately, one of their front companies, Google, got caught collecting detailed health information on US Citizens. WSJ News Exclusive | Google’s ‘Project Nightingale’ Triggers Federal Inquiry (WSJ News Exclusive | Google’s ‘Project Nightingale’ Triggers Federal Inquiry)Some of these videos are frequently deleted from YouTube, then resubmitted in an edited format, until the college or original posting educational program files a civil suit against YouTube. YouTube then relents and allows the original video and presentation to be posted in an unedited format.Might the actions of YouTube clue you into the political camp YouTube chooses to side with? It would seem the ultra-liberal camp has taken a firm hold of YouTube. YouTube’s ultra-liberal self-appointed sensors, at will, sensors the substance of all videos, comments, accounts, and users on YouTube, without any oversite. The sad thing is, these videos are available some days, gone or highly edited a few days, then back on a few days later.Respectfully,Randy Jay Pine

Future of Embedded systems and career optionsWith growth and advancements in the field of electronics, wireless communications, networking, cognitive and effective computing and robotics, devices around you communicate in more ways than you ever imagined. Those times are not very distant when every object around us will have a small processor/sensor embedded within itself, invisible to us but still communicating with all other devices around, making our lives more connected and accessible than ever before.FUTURE OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND CAREER OPTIONSEmbedded systems have come a long way since their inception. Today, some toilets and toasters can tweet about what they’re upto. From smart clothing to smart banking, embedded systems have accentuated technology’s growth by manifoldWith growth and advancements in the field of electronics, wireless communications, networking, cognitive and affective computing and robotics, devices around you communicate in more ways than you ever imagined. Those times are not very distant when every object around us will have a small processor/sensor embedded within itself, invisible to us but still communicating with all other devices around, making our lives more connected and accessible than ever before.The future of embedded systems lies in the advancement of technologies that enable faster communications, heavy data storage capacities and highly interwoven connections among the devices. Before diving into the enormous number of applications of embedded systems, let’s discuss the seven buzzwords that will define the future of embedded systems.Ubiquitous computingUbiquitous Computing is a branch of computing that focuses on interconnected and communicating devices carefully integrated into the objects we interact with in our daily lives. These objects can be anything right from your clothes to your toasters and coffee mugs. Smartphones and tablets are currently the obvious targets for applications aiming at ubiquitous computing, but in the future, don’t be surprised if your game console talks to your smartphone’s calendar about how “busy” you are today. The term Ubiquitous Computing (Ubicomp), also known as Pervasive Computing, was coined around 1988 by Mark Weiser when he was heading the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC).Sentient Computing is another form of ubiquitous computing which involves using various kinds of sensors to sense the environment and react accordingly. All over the world, research institutions and universities are working on Ubicomp’s possibilities, bringing us more and more applications of everyday devices communicating with each other. With advancement in cloud computing, applications of ubiquitous computing got a real boost. Apple’s iCloud is a very basic implementation of ubiquitous computing which integrates all your Apple devices seamlessly and maintains unified data among all those devices.Intelligent devicesIntelligent devices are devices that have the ability to think, or simply put are “things that think”. These devices use a combination of technology, algorithms and embedded hardware to replicate what was once thought to be an activity exclusive to living beings with brains. Today, there are machines that can do your thinking for you. MIT Media Lab is working on this “Things that think” idea and aims at creating environments that enable this way of thinking. Whether it’s a simple device such as iLumi (an intelligent light bulb that can be operated via an Android app to create different lighting environments) or a device as complex as PETMAN (an anthropomorphic robot that can detect any chemical leaks in its costume – useful for testing chemical protection clothing), intelligent devices will soon be everywhere. This ultra-high level of intelligence in machines poses concerns of security and privacy.Internet of ThingsThe Internet of Things is a technology revolution that began just a few years ago. It’s gradually sneaking into our lives and will soon be a reality. Introduced by Kevin Ashton from Procter & Gamble in 1989, Internet of Things or IoT is a concept that involves connecting the internet to physical devices such as home appliances and manufacturing machines. With cloud computing and increasing access to fastspeed internet everywhere around the world, the Internet of Things will soon be more than just a concept. IOT is no more a discussion with platforms such as Cosm that allow data and devices to be connected in all new ways and OSes such as Contiki that are dedicated to developing apps that realise the concept.Your smartphone communicates with your chair about your sitting posture, with satellite receivers to know the right temperature and your cooking gas to know whether the dish you left to simmer on it is burning; in case of a fire hazard, it will communicate with the respective fire control agency in your zone. Businesses have realised the importance of IoT and there are consultancy firms already that specialise in helping you apply IoT at your organisation.Cyber physical systemsCyber physical systems form an important part of Internet of Things. These systems are backed by powerful computation and fast communication and aim at integrating the physical and cyber world into one. Cyber physical systems can be used for precision-based tasks such as in the implementation of robotic arms, exploration-based tasks in areas inaccessible to humans, creating and deploying energy efficient systems as well as for easing daily life activities.These systems have also found application in exploring outer space. Mars exploration rover, Curiousity employs an intelligent cyber physical system to automatically navigate the surface of Mars and changes its location according to lighting and weather conditions. Cyber physical systems are challenging to implement as they involve a combination of advanced hardware and software needs. These systems come across issues relating to privacy, security and flexibility due to their high level of complexity.Context-aware devicesContext awareness, in terms of computing, was introduced by Bill Schilit in 1994. Anind Dey from Carnegie Mellon University defines context as any information related to the situation of an object at an instant of time. Context awareness is an added layer of intelligence to ubiquitous computing and aims at making devices more aware of their surrounding environments.Context-aware devices provide ways by which businesses can understand their customers better by facilitating an observable context, knowledge about the world around and social values. Sensing is a crucial phenomenon associated with context awareness. Sensing can be external where visual tracking and location systems are used to collect context or internal wherein sensors are embedded within the user devices and generate context-rich information. Consider a scenario where a doctor has a device that senses its proximity to a particular patient and shows the patient records automatically, saving time for search and retrieval of such information. Or a device that automatically alerts you when it’s about to rain and covers your clothes drying in the sun by a shade using humidity sensors. Or a device that detects your mood and changes the lighting of your room accordingly. Great minds are somewhere working in a lab to make all this possible for you.Automatic contextual reconfigurationAutomatic Contextual Reconfiguration involves sensing the context and reacting in terms of either triggering a task or tweaking the settings of an existing system. Context-aware devices aim at imbibing a strong automatic contextual reconfiguration system. This phenomenon has a wide range of applications. Imagine how amazing it would be if your smartphone could sense when you’re entering a meeting room/ICU and automatically put your phone on silent mode.Context reconfiguration is also very handy in security systems such as an application that disables cameras on all devices in a No Photography Zone. Another usage of context reconfiguration is in manufacturing industries to regulate the operation of machines. One such application is in the paper and pulp industry, where the lime kilns need continuous manual monitoring and adjustment of temperature for higher productivity. With embedded temperature sensors that automatically regulate temperature inside the kiln, it’s possible to increase productivity and improve quality of the product by reducing manual intervention to check temperature.Organic computingOrganic Computing adds an extra layer to context awareness and aims at developing intelligent systems that have self-X properties and systems that react to both, changes in itself (endogenous) and changes in the outside world (exogenous). Self-X properties of such systems include self-optimisation, self-protection, self-healing, self-support, self-configuration etc. Such devices behave independent of manual intervention as they can and use machine learning algorithms to strengthen their properties. Examples include fault tolerant robots and vehicles that are sent to difficult terrains and outer space.These devices are engineered to react to new situations and reconfigure themselves accordingly. Boston Dynamics created a four-legged robot called Big Dog, which can take decisions while navigating terrains. Also, there’s a robot called Chembot which has shape shifting features which allow it inflate and deflate according to terrains it is navigating. Organic computing is alleged with ethical and security concerns stating that fact that such levels of self-X properties can lead to destructive intelligence.ApplicationsWith advancements in technology trends discussed in the previous sections, future of embedded systems will come with a lot of cool stuff in it’s bag. We discuss the applications of future embedded systems in different verticals below:Smart agricultureAgriculture is one of the primary fields that requires assistance of something awesome like Embedded systems. There are a lot of complexities involved in the process – a farmer has to understand the climatic conditions, sometimes predict the conditions and change the farming practices accordingly. The farming practices also change according the soil conditions of that specific plot and hence some computational assistance can help a lot.With this in mind, scientists have come up with what they call as Precision Farming/Precision Agriculture which basically optimises the whole farm management by maximising the output while keeping the input minimum. Precision Farming is presently being implemented in Kerala by Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) and International Centre for Free and Open Source Software (ICFOSS), where they are trying to setup a technology-assisted system named “Smart Agriculture” which would provide real-time data about the soil with the help of sensors to a cloud-based platform.This cloud platform would also take information from satellites and suggest farming practices accordingly after proper data interpretation. The system also aims at giving the farmers – market information, post-harvest advices and value addition options. This system in the far future also aims at removing the labour issues by setting up robotic farm equipments like sensor-based sprinklers that would do the farming practices that a labour generally does.Distributed Robotic GardenIn many major countries also, Precision farming has gained a lot of traction. In Holland, presently Driverless tractors are being developed using Real Time Kinematic and GPS. It is proven to be quite effective and cost efficient for large farmlands Researchers at MIT have setup a Distributed Robot Garden, which is a garden consisting of Tomato plants that are nurtured by Robots.The robots here water the plants, provide nutrients regularly studying the plants condition and harvest the tomatoes optimally. Each plant is equipped with sensors that update the robots about the plant’s status; the whole garden has sensors that give the map and respective positions of the plants to the robots and these robots move around and act according to the plant’s condition. Robots right now are able to predict the state of the fruit, as in, when it would ripe and be ready for harvest and when the plant would require the next round of nutrients. Presently, the garden is open for students to conduct research and make this system better and make it commercially usable by Farmers.Embedded systems can be also used to manage cattle in a better way. For ages now, managing cattle has been done with the help of fences that bind the cattle in a fixed area. However, this is very restrictive and these are physical fences and generally require a lot of money to be put up. Dr. Anderson (U.S. Dept. of Agriculture) came up with an idea of having virtual fences, instead of actually setting up real ones. This can be possible by using the Directional Virtual Fencing System, which works by equipping the cattle with a pair of GPS enabled headphones that gives the exact location of the cow to a central location.The system also gives information about the landscape pattern, as to where the grass is green and where not. So, the person monitoring the cow can give leverage to the distance the cow travels making the boundary more flexible and virtual. But, if the cow is going completely out of range, it’ss direction can be corrected – first by emitting a gentle noise, and then followed with a louder noise if the cow doesn’t listen, and finally a mild shock to reign in really naughty livestock.In future, this system would also maintain records of the health status of the cattle and also a record of the reactions of each cow to the stimulus given through the system.Intelligent transport systemsImagine transport systems that are smart enough to understand the situation they are in and act accordingly. Reminds you of some sci-fi movie from the 90s? Well, it’s not sci-fi anymore. Organisations such as Google, Audi and Toyota are into R&D of intelligent transport systems that can increase the safety and comfort of drivers and are in the plans of releasing them for commercial purposes in near future.New technologies are also used in Aeroplanes these days, which send data about how each component in the aircraft is doing to a central computer for better tracking and management.BigDog RobotAutonomous vehicles are designed to drive on their own by understanding their surrounding and act accordingly. Implemented with technologies like GPS, advanced Computer Vision, lidar; these vehicles can identify the correct paths and lanes in a city and navigate without colliding obstacles and follow proper traffic rules. BMW has been doing R&D since 2005 and is all set to release an autonomous vehicle in 2013- 2014. Google has already released some videos of the driverless car system that they have been working on since 2005 and has got some positive reviews.Autonomous vehicleThese autonomous vehicles are also equipped with Anti-Lock Braking System which are triggered when the vehicle is in a potentially dangerous situation. Inter- Vehicular Networks are being established which maintains communication between the vehicles. This reduces the risk of potential accidents, as generally accidents happen due to humans not being aware of road context like on “Blind Turns” and on “Steep roads”. So, the objective is to ultimately make a Context aware Information System (CAIS) which maintains information about the context of roads and paths. These systems will definitely help in the reduction of accident rates as the systems are aimed to have an increased reliability and lower reaction time when compared to humans.Institutions in India are also using Embedded systems to solve traffic related issues. Due to the increase in population and congestion and the increase in awareness about vehicular pollution, people now prefer public transport systems over driving their own vehicles especially in Metro cities.IIT Hyderabad is presently researching over a Smart Public Transport Notification System (SPTNS) which helps commuters in choosing buses and routes and notifies them with information such as the expected journey time and traffic jams on routes. Freerange Cooperative Ltd, a New Zealand-based cooperative is presently developing “InfroStructure:A transport Research Project” that basically is trying to explore how digital media technologies can change the way people use public transport systems. This system provides commuters with real-time information about the estimated travel time in the form of mobile games. For this system to work, the whole building has to be seamlessly integrated with new age digital technologies; hence, the floors and walls would consist of sensors and other kind of chips. This system also boasts of a “Shame Detection SubSystem” that helps the transport administration to find out who is travelling without a ticket. Anyone who is in the building without a ticket would be recognised with the help of Radio Frequency Identification Detectors on the floor and a red light will be flagged below the person!Future Intelligent Transport System ModelMIT is also developing a system named “CarTel” where cars and taxis act as ubiquitous mobile sensors, communicate with each other and avoid traffic hassles. Presently, maintaining traffic and road data is generally done by helicopters or updates from news; CarTel in a way would revolutionise this. It is presently implemented in some cars in Boston that help drivers avoid junctions with traffic and also alert them if there are any potential problems in the engine. CarTel also can maintain a database of where all the car traveled in a day which can be quite useful for taxi provider organisations.The Internet of Things can also improve the car-sharing systems that are provided by organisations such as ZipShare. But, presently these carsharing services are majorly organised around where the car owner lives and not where the car is majorly parked. Majority of the car owners park their cars in their office parking lots or may be in airports and if someone needs a ride from around that spot, the present car-sharing services won’t be able to identify that. But, with real-time motion sensors embedded in the car, it would be easier to track cars and also connect them to potential renters.Smart healthcare systemsHaving smart healthcare systems might be one of the most important applications of future embedded systems. It can revolutionise the way medication is done right now - Doctors can provide remote medication to people living in rural areas which is estimated to reduce more than 15 per cent of medical expenditure in the country and needless to mention the number of lives that would be saved.Recently, telemedicine has gained a lot of importance and is practically being implemented in countries like France, Spain. But, till now Telemedicine is done in a ‘store and forward’ process where the reports of the patient are sent to doctors who are far away and they advise medication based on the reports.Visi ArchitectureBut with the development of Remote Patient Monitoring, telemedicine will take a step forward. With advanced mobile technology, a doctor can monitor the status of a patient, get real-time reports on his/her medical status like Heart Rate, Blood Pressure. Even internal-body examinations can be done with the help of pill-shaped micro cameras that can travel inside the digestive system and can send images which helps in better diagnosis. One such system is ViSi Mobile that provides a complete solution to remote patient monitoring and is developed by Sotera Wireless.The next step to remote patient controlling is “remote patient coaching”. Aoyama Morikawa Lab of University of Tokyo is presently developing a wearable computing outfit called “e caching”, which provides coaching to the patients using them. The outfit first runs different tests on the body externally and takes reading and accordingly generates real-time coaching messages.Embedded systems are also used to create artificial human organs. Even though the thought of putting something artificial inside your body might seem a little scary, artificial organs have a lot of applications. Apart from the fact that they can be replaced if anybody-organ is malfunctioned, these artificial organs can be used to test drugs and medicine, which is presently done on animal organs.A lot of organisations are into research and development of artificial organs; a San-Diego based company already has a working “mini-liver” which almost functions like the real one.Smart architectureWith highly context aware and connected systems, Smart Homes have become a reality. These homes have electronic circuits and sensors embedded into their walls and floors and everywhere else and they allow you to operate your entire house from just a one point contact such as a smartphone/tablet app. These days many companies are working on assistive homes that can help elderly and disabled people lead a quality life without the help of institutional care. These homes are equipped with a set of wireless systems connected with central context aware systems for monitoring daily schedules of the elderly people and using machine learning algorithms to learn and recognise behavioral patterns.This enables such systems to detect abnormal activities and react to emergencies relating to medical conditions. Offices are also using the Embedded systems technologies. These days many organisations have Smart Offices that have floors with load sensing systems. These load sensing systems can detect any unusual load and notify the authorities.The concept of context aware devices is also used to design Green or Zero Net Energy Buildings (ZNEB). These buildings use intelligent energy management systems using a set of sensors and actuators such as heat sensors, light intensity sensors and magnetic door sensors. These systems automatically lower down your energy usages by detecting the context information such as whether a device is being used or not, whether you are in the room or not etc. One such model is being designed by General Electric.Personal assistantsFuture embedded systems will see a wide range of applications in the area of personal assistance devices. Google already is working on GLASS, a glass shaped head mounted display that is just a hands-free ubiquitous computer that lets you interact itself using voice commands such as “Glass, Where am I?” and “Glass, Take a picture”. Such devices act as smart and intelligent personal assistants. EMIEW 2 is an office assistant robot developed by Hitachi. It acts as your workmate and follows you voice instructions such as “follow me”. Whenever it sees an object, it takes its picture and compares it with an online database of images.Swiss scientists at the Artificial Lab of the University of Zurich are working on the most advanced humanoid personal assistant or service robot Roboy. Roboy is funded by a Kickstarter campaign and is a hugely anticipated robot.Accessibility applicationsFuturistic embedded systems facilitate numerous accessibility applications for navigating terrains that are rough and difficult to access. Scientists are working on swarm and insect size bots that can navigate vast areas and collect information quickly. At MIT media lab, researchers are working on a flying robot that is trained to track undersea objects such as whales and other marine organisms. Such robots can also be used to clean up toxic waste in chemical industries where it is harmful for human labor.Boston Dynamics created a robot called RHex, a six-legged robot with high mobility and ability to climb rock fields, sand, stairs, water, grass, and other difficult terrains etc. It has IR cameras that enable the operator to control it from far distances.Smart retailToday smart phones allow consumers to be connected to the brand and communicate with it in variety of ways. Today it has become imperative for consumer brands to understand the importance of Internet of Things concept and context awareness and apply them in business. With social media applications such as twitter and facebook, consumers stay connected to Brands all the time. Huggies launched an app called TweetPee that helps parents keep track of stock of diapers for their child and order online when needed. Using location meta -data, many brands are working on dynamic pricing of their products.With context aware systems, Brands can create competitive advantages that no other system can give them. The are certain billboards in Japan which instantly alter their displayed messages based on the profile of the consumer set looking at the billboard. This is made possible through image and video processing. Companies such as Tesco in South Korea are working on systems that will define the future of retail shopping.They created virtual stores with products integrated with QR (Quick Response) codes in subways where the busy Korean consumers could just use their smart phones to scan the product QR code and the product will be delivered to their doorstep.Security and defenseSince long, one major application and research area for embedded systems has been security and defense, and even in future some of the most promising developments will be seen in this area. On simple application, “Capture Resistant Environment” is being developed at UbiComp lab in University of Washington.This prevents unauthorised photography/videography by using projectors and cameras that make any such photo/video blurred. This enhances the security of areas which don’t allow photography. Complex embedded systems are used to develop high-end reliable devices for the use of military and defense department. US Marine Corps use a robotic system called Gladiator that can perform functions ranging from surveillance to assault and minimises the risk of marines in threat situations. Today governments are shifting from drones to small sized bots that can easily navigate. Recently, UK Ministry announced Black Hornet, world’s first “nano-sized” surveillance system which is a toy sized helicopter that can fly unmanned over an area for about 30 minutes on battery charge. US army is also working on the idea of combining a number of robot snakes to form a tentacle system that has the ability to operate like a human hand and can be used for life-threatening tasks such as Bomb Disposal.Careers in embedded systemsAfter 10-20 years, Embedded systems are going to be everywhere – On every floor, every wall, your coffee mug, public transports, cars, homes, offices, aeroplanes. Looking at the numerous possible applications it has and the awesome projects that are already in pipeline, it is safe to say that Embedded Systems will be one of the most sought after fields of study and hence would require a lot of talented minds.And it is also important to note that as an Embedded systems Engineer, one would be dealing with some of the most advanced and complicated technologies while working on systems that would revolutionise the way we look and feel this world. So, choosing this field as a career option now would be a smart option to people who always were interested in Electronics and Electrical Engineering.Study and pre-requisitesEmbedded systems is more like an amalgamation of almost all cool tech of today - Software Programming, Digital Electronics, Mobile Computing, Wearable Computing, Augmented Reality and hence would require a base knowledge of all the above mentioned fields, especially Digital Electronics.Top Universities around the globe including MIT, Carnegie Mellon, Stanford, Cornell, University of Tokyo, University of Cambridge provide both Undergraduate and Postgraduate courses on Embedded systems. In India, major technological institutions like IITs, NITs, and IIITs provide Post- Graduate courses on Embedded systems with a pre-requisite knowledge/ degree in Digital Electronics/ Electrical Engineering. These Institutions provide top-notch facilities, research laboratories and have a lot of on-going projects which can give a deep insight into the study of this field.A lot of Institutions also provide short-term Certification courses in Embedded systems such as Sastra University, University of pune, CDAC, IGNOU and a lot of training Institutions like Vector, Miracle Technologies and Thinklabs. But, these obviously lack the research facilities and environment as they are short term courses/certifications.SpecialisationsEven though Embedded Systems itself is a specialisation in Electronics/ Electrical Engineering, you can also work on your specific area of interest. Some of the options include Robotics, Automobiles, Mobile Technology, Wearable Computing, Augmented Reality. Although, there are no specialisation courses (like Embedded Systems in Robotics) in the above mentioned fields, one can do research/self-projects in these fields and quote it as their Area of interest and apply in the respective organisations.Career pathsUnlike the IT industry, the entry barriers in this field is quite high, due to the high level of expertise and experience required. Many of the current Embedded systems Engineers in India confess that the first major practical learning they had was in their first job. So, it is important that you end up in an organisation that has a work environment where you have the Opportunity to work on cutting edge technology. For this, you need to have an open mind to learn and be very passionate about technology and innovation. It is also needless to say that one has to be equipped with the right knowledge of both hardware and software, which is not that easy taking into account the variety of technology platforms in use. Some good research/self-projects while graduation might help students secure a better job opportunity.Embedded systems are used in almost every Industry today. Organisations varying from automobile manufacturing to mobile manufacturing need Embedded systems Engineers and Designers and it are hence fairly easy to switch between various companies and even industries.MIT Robot LabA fresh college graduate has options of generally ending up as an Embedded Systems Engineer with an average salary of Rs. 4,00,000 - Rs. 8,00,000 and has a similar growth curve as the Engineers in IT Industry – Engineers to Senior Engineers to Designers to Project Leads.Companies that majorly recruit Embedded systems Engineers are Samsung, LG, HCL, IBM, National Instruments, and Texas Instruments.These companies also facilitate cutting edge research labs. Many technology consulting firms like Persistent technologies also recruit Embedded systems Engineers at entry and senior levels.So if you are planning to pursue Embedded systems as your career, get geared up to be part of a team that is working on a cool pocket robot or a complex mars rover. The field has endless opportunities in terms of growth and research and as the parallel technologies such as wireless communication and Artificial Intelligence keep growing, Embedded Systems will witness a complete overhaul in coming years.For more information: Click Here