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Personally, I think the gulf is exaggerated. Certainly the next layer of universities below Oxbridge (Imperial, UCL, LSE, Edinburgh, Durham et al) all offer extremely high standards of education. But they cannot match the public cachet that Oxbridge has because Oxbridge sucks all of the oxygen from the room in terms of discussions of great universities. Some of that is undoubtedly on merit, but a lot of it is simply inherited by age and past reputation.In terms of actual teaching, Oxbridge has two key advantages: firstly, their reputation means that they get first pick of the best applicants (which is an advantage in terms of being surrounded by quality contemporaries, but it doesn’t make their education of those students any better in and of itself). Secondly, you get the vaunted Oxbridge tutorial system (which is an undoubted advantage).But there are also drawbacks. Oxbridge terms are 20% shorter than other universities. You actually spend more time on vacation than you do in university. Plus, because the terms are so short, they are notoriously intense. This makes the learning environment extremely stressful, and often causes marginal candidates to struggle.The other point that needs to be mentioned is that sometimes Oxbridge course are quite conservative in what they teach. For example, if you study law at Oxford you will find that there are still a lot of old courses which are taught as mandatory - including Roman law - which are of questionable relevance today, and you only get two elective modules that you pick from a list of 20. At most Red Bricks they have ditched the ancient traditional stuff and replaced them with more electives, and so you get to choose up to five electives, and you can choose more modern and relevant options, and you choose from a much larger selection - sometimes up to 100.There are a lot of benefits to the Oxbridge educational system. But it would be a mistake to assume that it is all gold and other institutions are all brass.

It could be that the UK is a little behind some other countries in establishing these centres of excellence - but they are well on the way to achieving competitiveness when it comes to educating and supporting young people in these areas.The following are from Welcome to GOV.UK sitesThe First Twelve Institutes of Technology AnnouncedNew employer-led Institutes of Technology to offer top-quality, higher level technical education to help close skills gaps in key STEM areas.From: Department for Education and The Rt Hon Damian Hinds MPPublished:10 April 2019Twelve Institutes of Technology will be set up across the country to boost young people’s skills and set them on a clear path to a high skilled, high wage career, Education Secretary Damian Hinds has announced today (10 April 2019).The Institutes will be unique collaborations between universities, Further Education colleges, and leading employers including top firms Nissan, Siemens and Microsoft. They will specialise in delivering quality higher level technical training (at Level 4 and 5) in STEM subjects, such as digital, advanced manufacturing and engineering that will provide employers with the skilled workforce they need.Institutes of Technology form a key part of the Government’s biggest shake up to technical education in a generation. This includes introducing new T Levels from 2020 – the technical equivalent to A Levels – and more high-quality apprenticeship opportunities.Prime Minister Theresa May said:I firmly believe that education is key to opening up opportunity for everyone - but to give our young people the skills they need to succeed, we need an education and training system which is more flexible and diverse than it is currently.New technologies are transforming the world of work, and to harness the opportunities on offer we must equip our future workforce with the technical skills they need to thrive, and that the economy needs to grow.These new Institutes will help end outdated perceptions that going to university is the only desirable route and build a system which harnesses the talents of our young people.In December 2018 the Education Secretary set out his 10 year ambition to upgrade the nation’s skills so more young people have the same high-quality training opportunities with clear pathways to skilled jobs as those in top performing technical education countries like Germany.Research shows that only around 7 per cent of people in England aged between 18 and 65 are undertaking training at Level 4 or 5 – one of the lowest rates in the OECD. Only around 190,000 people are currently studying for qualifications at this level compared with around 2 million studying across Level 3 (A Level or equivalent) and Level 6 (Degree level).Education Secretary Damian Hinds said:These new Institutes of Technology will be the pinnacle of technical training – new collaborations between universities, colleges and business to make sure young people have the skills they need to build a well-paid rewarding, career, while the economy gains the skilled workers it needs to be more productive.I’m determined to properly establish higher technical training in this country – so that it’s recognised and sought after by employers and young people alike. These Institutes are a key part of delivering this. We are transforming technical education including introducing new T Levels from 2020 and more high-quality apprenticeship opportunities. But we want more young people to progress and get the higher level qualifications that lead to high skilled, more rewarding jobs.Institutes of Technology will help employers to get the skilled workforce they need, especially in much sought-after STEM skills and will offer young people a clear path to a great, well paid career.The twelve Institutes will be backed by £170 million of Government investment so they have access to state-of-the-art equipment and facilities and will tap into the latest research from their university partners to anticipate the skills needs of the future workplace. They will also benefit from additional support from local employers and partners, who will contribute valuable resources such as further investment, seconded teaching staff and equipment.Institutes will build on and complement the further and higher education on offer in the areas where they are located but will have their own distinct identity and physical presence. Some will be located in refurbished buildings, others will build new facilities on new or current sites.They will provide a natural progression route for young people taking T Levels or A Levels (Level 3) enabling them to take the next step up to higher level technical education and training (Level 4 or 5) – like Foundation Degrees and higher level apprenticeships in STEM subjects – helping to upskill the next generation and ensure employers can access a high-quality pipeline of talent.According to the CBI, the biggest growth in jobs in the years ahead is expected to be in management and professional and technical roles. These roles will require the specialist skills which a higher technical training course could provide.The Institutes include innovative collaborations such as: Milton Keynes College, Cranfield University and Microsoft Ltd; and New College Durham, Newcastle University and Nissan.Matthew Fell, CBI Chief UK Policy Director, said:Expanding high-quality technical education and training is a top priority for employers who will welcome this extra investment.Institutes of Technology help bridge the gap between A-Levels or T-Levels, and a bachelors or degree apprenticeship – providing higher-level skills, especially in STEM, that businesses tell us time and again they need to succeed. These new Institutes must also help ensure T-Levels are a long-lasting part of our education system and open the door to great careers or further training.David Hughes, Chief Executive of the Association of Colleges, said:It is pleasing to see this new investment in technical education and skills going to colleges and universities working together to meet local and regional skills needs. Our prosperity and success as a nation requires greater focus on boosting productivity and providing more opportunities for people to have skills which support them in the labour market. Colleges will play a significant part in every Institute by building on their track record of delivering higher technical education, ensuring the pipeline of people able to progress to higher level skills and through their strong relationships with employers.Ian Green, Senior Controller/Section Manager at Nissan said:This is great news for the region. Nissan Motor Manufacturing UK is pleased to be a leading partner in an initiative which will not only help to provide higher level skills for manufacturing companies, but also to inspire people of all ages to invest in their own skills and knowledge. Working with our partners in industry, business and education, our aim is to increase productivity, improve competitiveness and future proof the skills offering in our region. The Institute of Technology will be at the heart of a new skills revolution on the North East.Derrick McCourt, General Manager, Customer Success Unit at Microsoft said:In a world being transformed by technology, today’s students have a wealth of opportunity to create and solve problems through learning and applying computer science. The new Institute of Technology we are announcing today will help to provide a much-needed pathway for students to develop their digital skills and practical expertise, which are vital in bridging the shortage in digital skills across the nation.Microsoft’s collaborations with Milton Keynes College and Cranfield University are helping to develop the next generation of digital experts. This announcement is a hugely positive step forward in ensuring that students and employers are armed with the digital skills they want and need – both now and in the futureThe Government is carrying out a review of qualifications at Level 4 and 5 so that more people have access to a wider choice of high quality options as an alternative to a university degree. Initial findings from the review have revealed that these qualifications could be the key to unlocking the skills demanded by employers and lead to rewarding, well-paid jobs. The benefits of studying a qualification at Level 4 or 5, include increased earning potential and employability and a growing demand for qualifications at this level from employers in key sectors such as Engineering.The Level 4 and 5 review will complement the Government’s review of post-18 education and funding to ensure the system is joined up, accessible to all and encourages the development of the skills the country needs. This is central to the Government’s modern Industrial Strategy, which aims to make sure everyone is equipped for the jobs of the future.Today’s announcement signals the end of a rigorous two stage competition. The pre-award stage will now commence where the detail of each Institute’s licence agreement and capital funding will be agreed. Following this, Institutes of Technology will receive their licence to operate and start to access their capital funding so that they can develop the buildings and facilities needed. The first Institutes are expected to open from September 2019.Institutes of technologyNew employer-led institutes of technology will offer higher level technical education to help close skills gaps in key STEM areas.From:Department for EducationThe Department for Education is responsible for children’s services and education, including early years, schools, higher and further education policy, apprenticeships and wider skills in England. DfE is a ministerial department, supported by 17 agencies and public bodies .https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-educationPublished:4 July 2019Last updated:5 March 2020, see all updatesDocumentsInstitutes of technology: details of providers, employers and specialismsBarking and Dagenham College Barking and Dagenham College Huawei, Saint Gobain, Transport for London Construction and infrastructure, advanced engineering and robotics, creative and digital Dudley College of Technology Dudley College of Technology, In-Comm Training & Business Services Ltd Thomas Dudley Ltd, Fulcro COINS, The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Marches Centre for Manufacturing # Manufacturing, construction, medical technology New College Durham New College Durham, NA College Trust, Middlesbrough College, Sunderland College, Tyne Coast College, East Durham College, Newcastle University Nissan Motor Company Ltd, ESH Group Ltd Digital advanced manufacturing, Construction and the built environment University of Exeter Bridgwater and Taunton College, City College Plymouth, Exeter College, Petroc, Truro and Penwith College, University of Exeter, University of Plymouth Babcock, Met Office, Oxygen House, TDK Lambda Digital, engineering, manufacturing Harrow College and Uxbridge College (HCUC) HCUC, Brunel University London Heathrow, Fujitsu, West London Business Engineering technologies (digital, cyber security, ICT). Related: construction, professional and business services, creative industries University of Lincoln Grimsby Institute of Further and Higher Education, DN Colleges Group (North Lindsey College), Lincoln College, Boston College, Grantham College, Bishop Burton (Riseholme College), Lincoln UTC, University of Lincoln Siemens, Bakkavor Ltd, Olympus Automation Limited Agri-tech, food manufacturing, energy, digital, engineering Queen Mary University of London Newham College, Queen Mary University of London Siemens, Port of London Authority, London and Regional Properties Transport, engineering, infrastructure, energy, digital Milton Keynes College Milton Keynes College, Activate Learning Cranfield University Microsoft Ltd, KPMG, Evidence Talks, McAfee, (Volkswagen Financial Services (VWFS) Cyber security, digital sector, fintech, ICT Solihull College and University Centre Solihull College and University Centre, South and City College Birmingham, Birmingham Metropolitan College (BMet), Aston University, Birmingham City University, University of Birmingham, University College Birmingham Bosch Thermotechnology Ltd, Salts Healthcare Manufacturing, engineering Swindon College Swindon College, New College Swindon, University of Gloucester Nationwide, Catalent Pharma Solutions, Excalibur Communications Ltd, BMW Group, Appsbroker Consulting Ltd, Hartham Park, Recycling Technologies, Render, Create Studios Advanced engineering and high value manufacturing, digital and information and communications technology, creative industries, health and life sciences Weston College of Further and Higher Education Weston College of Further and Higher Education, Bath College, Gloucester College, Yeovil College, University of the West of England (UWE Bristol) Airbus, GE Aviation, GKN Aerospace, JISC, National Composites Centre, North Somerset Council, Mayhttps://www.gov.uk/government/publications/institutes-of-technology--2/institutes-of-technology-details-of-providers-employers-and-specialismsHTMLDetailsThe government is establishing high-quality institutes of technology (IoTs). The first IoTs were selected through a government-led competition and are due to open from September 2019.IoTs are collaborations between further education (FE) providers, universities and employers. They will specialise in delivering higher technical education (at Levels 4 and 5) with a focus onSTEM(science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects, such as:engineeringdigitalconstructionIoTs will focus on the specific technical skills needs required in their area. They will provide employers with a skilled workforce and students with a clear route to technical employment.IoTs will appeal to:young people taking T levels or A levels who want to progress to higher technical educationadult learners who want access to further trainingpeople in employment who want to develop new skillsOutcome of the IoT competitionOn 10 April 2019 the government announced that 12 IoTs will be set up across the country.They will be backed by £170 million of government investment to fund industry-standard facilities and equipment.The lead applicants for the 12 successful IoTs are:Barking and Dagenham CollegeDudley College of TechnologyNew College DurhamUniversity of ExeterHarrow College and Uxbridge College (HCUC)University of LincolnQueen Mary University of LondonMilton Keynes CollegeSolihull College and University CentreSwindon CollegeWeston College of Further and Higher EducationYork College

Yes, the “politically-engaged trade associations, independent third-party organizations and other tax-exempt groups” as shown on their transparency page, specifically the PDF Membership Organizations and Third Party OrganizationsIt’s more correct to say that Google has been donating to, sponsoring and otherwise involved with a large number of other entities, among them some who have opinions on a great number of things, including climate change, that are not in line with a more catastrophic take on the situation.As the story quotes Google, “We’ve been extremely clear that Google’s sponsorship doesn’t mean that we endorse that organisation’s entire agenda – we may disagree strongly on some issues. Our position on climate change is similarly clear. Since 2007, we have operated as a carbon neutral company and for the second year in a row, we reached 100% renewable energy for our global operations.”The Guardian does link to the PDF showing these “hundreds of groups the company has listed on its website as beneficiaries of its political giving” and the transparency page while mentioning such as CEI, SPN, Cato, Mercatus, Heritage and some of their activities, as well as some of the activities of some of the people involved with those groups and by extension other groups not on the PDF.To call it funding climate change disinformation is not quite accurate. To act like it’s new or surprising that within hundreds of entities, some of them are more conservative and less enthusiastic about certain subjects, seems a bit melodramatic. To mention a few entities out of hundreds.Which to list them● Ad Council ● Advertising Research Foundation ● American Association of Advertising Agencies ● American Advertising Federation ● American Council On Renewable Energy ● Application Developers Alliance ● Association of National Advertisers ● Associated Industries of Massachusetts ● Bay Area Council ● Boulder Chamber of Commerce ● Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce ● Business Council for International Understanding ● Business Forward ● California Chambers of Commerce ● California Association of Competitive Telecommunications Companies ● Cambridge Chamber of Commerce ● Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce ● Coalition of Service Industries ● Colorado Technology Association ● Central Carolina Economic Development Alliance ● Center for Strategic and International Studies ● Coalition for Better Ads ● Chamber of Commerce Mountain View ● Consumer Technology Association ● Computer & Communications Industry Association ● Compete America ● Consortium for School Networking ● Data & Marketing Association ● Digital Advertising Alliance ● Digital Due Process Coalition ● Digital Media Association ● Direct Marketing Association ● Dynamic Spectrum Alliance ● Fiber Broadband Association, formerly Fiber to the Home Council ● Financial Innovation Now ● Food Marketing Institute ● Greater Austin Chamber of Commerce ● Greater Boston Chamber of Commerce ● Greater Durham Chamber of Commerce ● Greater Kirkland Chamber of Commerce ● Greater Raleigh Chamber of Commerce ● Greater Reston Chamber of Commerce ● Greater Seattle Business Association ● Greater Seattle Chamber of Commerce ● High Tech Inventors Alliance ● Illinois Manufacturers Association ● Internet Infrastructure Coalition ● Information Technology Industry Council ● Interactive Advertising Bureau ● International Advertising Association ● International Chamber of Commerce ● Internet Coalition ● Internet Commerce Coalition ● Irvine Chamber of Commerce ● Joint Venture Silicon Valley ● Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce ● Magazine Publishers Association ● Mobile Marketing Association ● Network Advertising Initiative ● National Foreign Trade Council ● National Cyber Security Alliance ● New York Technology Council ● Partnership for New York City ● Redwood City Chamber of Commerce ● Reform Government Surveillance Coalition ● Renewable Energy Buyers Alliance ● San Bruno Chamber of Commerce ● San Francisco Chamber of Commerce ● San Jose Silicon Valley Chamber of Commerce ● San Francisco Citizens Initiative for Technology & Innovation ● San Mateo County Economic Development Association ● Schools, Health and Libraries Broadband Coalition ● Search Engine Marketing Professionals Organization ● Silicon Valley Leadership Group ● Silicon Valley Organization ● Software & Information Industry Association ● State Privacy and Security Coalition ● Sunnyvale Silicon Valley Chamber of Commerce ● CompTIA ● TechNet ● Tech:NYC ● Texas Association of Business ● The Internet Association ● The New England Council ● U.S. Chamber of Commerce ● U.S. Council for International Business ● U.S. Global Leadership Coalition ● United States ITU Association ● United for Patent Reform ● Venice Chamber of Commerce ● Washington Technology Industry Alliance ● WiFi Forward ● World Business Organization ● Word of Mouth Marketing Association ● 4th Amendment Advisory Committee ● Access Now ● African American Community Service Agency ● Alliance of North Carolina Black Elected Officials ● Alvin Ailey Dance Foundation ● American Action Forum ● American Antitrust Institute ● American Association of People with Disabilities ● American Conservative Union ● American Constitution Society ● American Council of the Blind ● American Council of Young Political Leaders ● American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research ● American Foundation for the Blind ● American Hotel Lodging Association ● American Library Association ● Americans for Tax Reform ● American Security Project ● American University ● Arbor Day Foundation ● Asian Americans Advancing Justice ● Asian Pacific American Institute for Congressional Studies ● Asian/Pacific Islander American Chamber of Commerce & Entrepreneurship ● Asian Pacific Islander Legislative Caucus Foundation ● Asian Trade Center ● Aspen Institute ● ASU Foundation ● Atlantic Council ● Austin Area Urban League ● Austin Community Foundation ● Austin Public Library Friends Foundation ● Autism Speaks ● Berkley Center for Law & Technology ● Breakthrough Greater Boston ● The Brookings Institution ● Business Leaders for Michigan ● Californians Dedicated to Education Foundation ● California State University Northridge Foundation ● Cambridge Forums ● Capital Factory ● Cato Institute ● Center for a New American Security ● Center for American Progress ● Center for Democracy and Technology ● Center for Employment Training ● Center for Global Policy Solutions ● Center for Strategic and International Studies ● Chicago Parks Foundation ● Citizens Committee for New York City ● Civic Nation ● Clinton Foundation ● Collective Impact ● Committee to Protect Journalists ● Community Change ● Community Initiatives ● Community Services Agency of Mountain View and Los Altos ● Competitive Enterprise Institute ● Computer History Museum ● Conference of Western Attorneys Generals ● Conference on Asian Pacific American Leadership ● Congressional Black Caucus Foundation ● Congressional Black Caucus Institute ● Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute ● Congressional Hispanic Leadership Institute ● Congressional Institute ● ConnectSafely ● The Constitution Project ● Consumer Action ● Consumer Federation of America ● Copia Institute ● Council of Better Business Bureaus Inc. ● Council of Korean Americans ● Cross-Border Data Forum ● Dallas Children’s Advocacy Center ● Democratic Attorneys General Association ● Democratic Governors Association ● Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee ● Digital 4th Coalition ● Digital Content Next ● Dolores Huerta Foundation ● Downtown Boulder Foundation ● Electronic Frontier Foundation ● Engine Advocacy ● Entrepreneurship for All ● Entrepreneurs Foundation of Central Texas ● Esperanza Education Fund ● Family Online Safety Institute ● Federal Communications Bar Association ● Federalist Society ● Foundation for American Science and Technology ● Freedom House ● Friends and Family of PS11 ● Friends of Mountain View Library ● Future Founders Foundation ● Future of Music Coalition ● Future of Privacy Forum ● GLBT Historical Society ● Georgetown Center for Business and Public Policy ● Georgia Tech Foundation ● George Mason University Foundation ● George Mason University Law School Law and Economics Center ● German Marshall Fund of the United States ● Global Entrepreneurship Network ● Global Network Initiative ● Global Voices ● Greater Kansas City Chamber of Commerce ● Habitat for Humanity ● Harvard Kennedy School Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs ● Healthcare Coalition ● Heritage Action ● Heritage Foundation ● Hispanic Foundation of Silicon Valley ● Hispanic Heritage Foundation ● Howard University - Institute for Intellectual Property and Social Justice ● Human Rights Campaign ● Identity Theft Resource Center ● Independent Women’s forum ● Information Technology and Innovation Foundation ● Inter-American Dialogue ● Inter-american Press Association ● International Center for Law and Economics ● International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children ● International Council on Disability ● International Republican Institute ● Internet Education Foundation ● iKeepSafe ● IT Caucus TX ● Jobs for the Future ● Johns Hopkins University - School of Advanced International Studies ● Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies ● Joint Venture Silicon Valley Network ● Key Tech Labs ● Kirkland Parks Foundation ● Lawyers Committee For Civil Rights Under Law ● The Latino Coalition ● LBGT Victory Institute ● Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights ● League of United Latin American Citizens ● Lincoln Network ● Llambda Legal ● Los Altos Community Foundation ● Mason Attorneys General Education Program ● Massachusetts Institute of Technology ● Mercatus Center ● Meridian International Center ● Mission Economic Development Agency ● Mission Housing Development Corporation ● Mothers Against Drunk Driving ● Mountain View-Los Altos High School Foundation ● Mountain View Chamber of Commerce ● National Action Network ● National Association of Attorneys General ● National Association of Chief Information Officers ● National Association for the Advancement of Colored People ● National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials ● National Association of the Deaf ● National Association of State Boards of Education ● National Association of Telecommunications Officers and Advisors ● National Center for Missing & Exploited Children ● National Center for Transgender Equality ● National Conference for State Legislators Foundation ● National Consumers League ● National Congress of American Indians ● National Council for Independent Living ● National Cyber Security Alliance ● National Democratic Institute for International Affairs ● National Federation of the Blind ● National Governors Association ● National Hispanic Media Coalition ● National Hispanic Foundation for the Arts ● National Network for Youth ● National Network to End Domestic Violence ● National Organization of Black Elected Officials ● National Parent Teacher Association ● National Partnership for Women and Families ● National Review Institute ● National Speakers Conference ● National Taxpayers Union ● National Urban League ● Net Safety Collaborative ● Net Choice ● Netroots Nation ● New America Foundation ● New Deal ● New Leaders Council ● New Venture Fund ● Niskanen Center ● Non-profit Housing Association of Northern California ● North Carolina Center for Nonprofit Organizations ● North Carolina Metropolitan Mayors Coalition ● Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ● Partnership for a New American Economy ● PATH ● PEN America ● Polaris Project ● Privacy Law Salon ● Progressive Change Campaign Committee ● Progressive Policy Institute ● Public Knowledge ● Re:Create Coalition ● Religion Newswriters Foundation ● Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press ● Republican Attorneys General Association ● Republican Governors Association ● Republican Legislative Campaign Committee ● Reporters Without Borders ● Ripon Society ● Roger Baldwin Foundation ● R Street Institute ● San Bruno Community Foundation ● San Francisco Chamber of Commerce ● San Francisco Citizens Initiative ● San Francisco Parks Alliance ● San Francisco Public Health Foundation ● San Jose Museum of Art ● Shoal Creek Conservancy ● Silicon Valley At Home ● Silicon Valley Community Foundation ● Silicon Valley Housing Trust ● Silicon Valley Leadership Group ● Silicon Flatirons - University of Colorado ● Small Business Majority ● State Government Affairs Council ● State Legislative Leadership Foundation ● Sunnyvale Education Foundation ● Sustainable Silicon Valley ● Technology Access Foundation ● TechFreedom ● Technology Policy Institute ● Telecommunications for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing ● Third Way ● Trustworthy Accountability Group ● UCLA Foundation ● UnidosUS ● United for Patent Reform ● United Nations Foundation ● United Church of Christ Inc. ● United We Dream Network ● The Urban Institute ● U.S. Black Chamber Inc. ● U.S. Conference of Mayors ● U.S. Hispanic Chamber of Commerce ● U.S. Telecom Training Institute ● USO of Metropolitan Washington - Baltimore ● Vital Voices ● Voto Latino ● Walkers Legacy ● Washington International Trade Association ● Washington Legal Foundation ● Washington Resource Council ● Women's High Tech Coalition ● World Affairs Council ● World Privacy Forum ● World Wide Web Foundation ● YMCA of Silicon Valley ● Young Transatlantic Leaders Initiative .What to do about it? One set of options might be to get rid of any Android phones or tablets, stop using such as analytics and ad-sense and stop doing any business with companies that use them, stop using gmail and calendar and search, etc. Another option is nothing. Then there’s everything in between the two.