Open-R Sdk Programmer'S Guide: Fill & Download for Free

There are many challenges for Java beginners, but I would pick just this one as my favorite:The sheer amount of understanding one needs, in order to do a simple thing.I still remember back in my early days, one of the first few tasks in learning Java is “to read and write to a file”, basic I/O stuff.Well, what would you do? Search for the answer, right?Tada, Google here I come.You furiously type this query: “How to read write to a file using Java?”. Half a second later, Google search results come back.110,000,000 results! (as of August 2018)Well, ain’t anybody have time to read all of that. Psst, of course you’d click on the first result: Java File: Reading and Writing Files in Java .And from there, you find the sample code:import java.io.*;  public class Test {  public static void main(String [] args) {   // The name of the file to open.  String fileName = "temp.txt";   // This will reference one line at a time  String line = null;   try {  // FileReader reads text files in the default encoding.  FileReader fileReader =   new FileReader(fileName);   // Always wrap FileReader in BufferedReader.  BufferedReader bufferedReader =   new BufferedReader(fileReader);   while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {  System.out.println(line);  }    // Always close files.  bufferedReader.close();   }  catch(FileNotFoundException ex) {  System.out.println(  "Unable to open file '" +   fileName + "'");   }  catch(IOException ex) {  System.out.println(  "Error reading file '"   + fileName + "'");   // Or we could just do this:   // ex.printStackTrace();  }  } } Good, the code works and you can copy and run it. But as a curious learner (and I would strongly recommend you to be), you want to learn more why you should use BufferedReader and FileReader.Well, the second link is pointing to the official SDK: Reading, Writing, and Creating Files.Good, you open that page.Look at that page, it is just mind-boggling for beginner. You’ll have myriads of questions to ask yourself: what is BufferedReader, what is IO Streams , what is Charset and so on.Now, I don’t say that the Java SDK is not well-organized, but I believe it is just overwhelming for beginners to consume these concepts in order to do a simple task.Now compare to Python (assume 2.x)with open("testfile.txt", "r") as f:  print(f.read()) 

You actually aren't showing most of the important stuff in there.From what I can see of the backside of the analog sticks, there are 2 potentiometers, and it would make sense that moving the stick in the x direction affects the voltage affects one potentiometer and moving it in the y direction affects the other one. Since there are 3 terminals for each potentiometer, I'd bet that the fixed ends have a fixed voltage applied, and the moving part is connected as an output, so the voltage output will change depending on the position of the stick.If the buttons are not pressure sensitive, then pushing a button simply makes an electrical connection between two points, and the resulting voltage is the signal for hitting the button. If they're pressure sensitive then I'd have to take a look at it to find out how it determines the pressure.There are only 4 wires coming out. One is the voltage/power in, one is the voltage return, or ground if you will (0 voltage reference for power), and the other two are a differential pair for the signal.There is an integrated circuit in the controller that connects to all the buttons, determines what everything is, then generates a serial code (a set of 1's and 0's) for the console to interpret what the controller is doing. That set of 1's and 0's is what travels along the differential pair.It's not programmable, but you can rearrange the buttons and analog sticks into whatever form you want. If you know how it is encoded, or if you have a software driver for it (in the case it's a USB output) then you can write some software that accepts inputs from the controller and interprets them in whatever way you wish.Additional info in response to new pictures:I still don't see the IC that ends up controlling the signal out, but I do see that the black goopy thing is covering an IC labeled "U1." U1 is an amplifier. More likely it's a set of 4 amplifiers acting as voltage buffers for the outputs from the analog sticks, all on the same package (such as a TI - LF347).It looks like the L/R buttons are on strain measuring variable resistors on a spring. Not surprising.They may have the IC completely covered by something else in order to avoid intrepid reverse engineers like yourselves.The buttons look just like the soft contact connections used in just about every keyboard I've taken apart. The D-pad ones look close enough to the same, probably just optimized for when the pressure isn't straight down.But even if you can't manage to figure out how to use the IC on the controller itself, you can still use all the components.Additional response to info in comments:Since it connects via USB, there may be a driver for a PC. There should also be a .dll file that associates with it, and there may be an SDK containing information on how to use it in programs. If that is the case, you can write your own arbitrary programs that use the controller for whatever you write for it.

Python is a general-purpose language, which means it isn’t used for just one purpose such as Web development. Rather, it’s used in many different industries, and the industry in which you choose to work will determine how you actually learn the language.For example, if you’re hired to write apps that interact with operating systems and monitor devices, you might not need to know how to use the Python modules for scientific and numerical programming. In a similar fashion, if you’re hired to write Python code that interacts with a “MySQL"database, then you won’t need to master how it works with couchDB.Therefore, I’m going to suggest that there are three levels to learning the basics of Python:Learn the core language itself, such as the syntax and basic types; learn the difference between Python 2 and Python 3.Learn the commonly used modules, and familiarize yourself with other modules.Learn the bigger picture of software development with Python, such as including Python in a build process, using the pip package manager, and so on. This involves learning about different databases and other technology, depending on where you want to work.True BeginnersAt a basic level, Python is an easy language to learn and use. You can quickly learn how to create variables and loops, for example, and expand beyond that to tuples, lists, and dictionaries. Any Python newbie needs to know which types are immutable, which means an object of that type can’t be changed (answer: tuples and strings). With immutable types, the object’s value itself can’t change, but the variable containing the object can:a = 'abc'a = a.upper()In the above example, the original string “abc” did not change, as strings can’t change; instead, we calculated a brand new string, “ABC,” and stored that back into the original variable. Knowing that sort of thing should be second nature to anyone who seeks to understand how Python works.In addition, anyone learning Python should know how the language deals with object-oriented programming, and how to create classes and instantiate objects. It’s also important to know how to use exceptions and exception handlers, ,”and how modules interact. (For key insights, I recommend you read and understand the “Python Language Reference”; if you’re ever unsure about syntax or how the language works, or are arguing with a coworker, that website will have the final word.)The Python beginner must also know “how Python 2 and Python 3 are different”. Python 3 has been out for quite some time, but there are still a lot of projects that rely on Python 2. If you’re interviewing for a position, you’ll want to ask which Python they’re using; if you’re knowledgeable, you can then speak about the differences.Slightly More AdvancedOnce you’ve mastered some basic concepts, you can move on to slightly more advanced concepts. If you’re familiar with languages such as JavaScript, Python’s strong typing might surprise you; for example, you can’t just add “hello” to “10” to get “hello10.” (You’ll get an exception.) This is meant to prevent bugs in your code, and it means you’ll need to become very familiar with dynamic typing, strong typing, duck typing, and how Python implements all three.C++ programmers coming to Python might be surprised that you don’t need to provide an interface for a parameter in a function; if the object passed in has the required methods, you’re good to go. This makes polymorphism easy.From there, it’s important to know about closures and “first class objects.” Python supports both, which leads to a concept called decorators “which this article explains very well”. Here’s an interesting example of closures, modified from one offered in the linked article; this is entered from the interactive shell:>>> def outer(x):... y = x * 2... def inner(z):... return y + z... return inner...>>> q = outer(5)>>> r = outer(6)>>> q(2)12>>> q(3)13>>> r(2)14>>> r(3)15>>>The function outer creates a closure with the variable called y, and returns a new function that you can call. I called the outer function twice to create two such functions; then I called those two functions each twice.Last but certainly not least: Read “The Zen of Python” which is funny and real, and check out “this thread on Stack Overflow” for some great suggestions about how to master the language. Go to GitHub and find any of the many popular Python projects; study the code as much as you can.Side Note: Learn the ModulesThe modules are your libraries, your helpers. “Know what’s available in the standard library” ; you don’t have to memorize every member of every class, and every class of every module, but you do want to know what’s available so that when you need something, you don’t go rewrite one from scratch.Familiarize yourself with each module. Many, such as file I/O, have access in almost every application; know these inside and out. For example, know how to open a file with different access, how to read a file, how to write a file, and how to determine if a file or directory exists. Know how to use the os.path module for file-path joining and normalization, rather than writing your own string routines to handle file paths. Finally, understand the cross-platform implications.Next: Learn Software Development With PythonThere are many tools for integrating Python into a software development cycle. If you want to master the language in a real-world context, learn how to “obtain Python packages using pip”. You should also learn how to do unit testing, which is fundamental to software development in Python; many people get turned down for Python-related jobs because they can’t answer interview questions in this area. (“The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Python” includes some great information on unit testing.)You should also know how to “package up Python programs for distribution”, and know your way around both the Windows command prompt and Linux bash shell. Any developer worth their salt can use the tools for general software development, from editors and IDEs to git for source-code control.Targeting an Industry or TechnologyOnce you’re familiar with all the above, you can begin to move into industry-specific knowledge.If writing C or C++ extensions to Python interests you, “check out this resource”. If Web development tickles your fancy, you’ll need to understand the difference between a Web server written in Python that you can extend, and a Web framework that allows you to write your own server software in Python. If you go the Web route, you’ll need to become proficient in Web technologies—not only other languages such as JavaScript, but how to develop Web-scalable software.There’s also some crossover between specializations. For example, if you’re building Web server software in Python that runs on a cloud, you might need to know how to build cloud-monitoring and management tools (possibly in Python as well). Those tools include “Amazon AWS” SDK for Python, or the “OpenStack’s” official clients, which are also written in Python.If you want to land a job in a scientific industry, you’ll need to know the various scientific and numerical modules inside and out, and have strong skills in writing tight algorithms. For jobs in high-performance computing, you need skills such as concurrent algorithms, SIMD vectorization and multicore programming. For a full list of how to use Python in a work context, “check out the dedicated page for applications for the language”.