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Has evolution been experimentally observed? If not, could it be experimentally verified and how?

Has evolution been experimentally observed? If not, (how) could it be experimentally verified?Thanks for the A2A, I hope my answer helps. Feel free to click on any or all of the links below.Below, please find all of the evidence for creationism and (a small amount of) the evidence for evolution. From here, you can decide for yourself which is more compelling, is better proven and makes more sense to you…First here is all of the evidence that can be found for Creationism:A small amount of the evidence available for the Science of Evolution:Mount, D.M. (2004). Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis (2nd ed.). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press: Cold Spring Harbor, NY. ISBN 978-0-87969-608-5.Penny, David; Foulds, L. R.; Hendy, M. D. (1982). "Testing the theory of evolution by comparing phylogenetic trees constructed from five different protein sequences". Nature. 297 (5863): 197–200. Bibcode:1982Natur.297..197P. doi:10.1038/297197a0. PMID 7078635."Eukaryotes". Tree of Life Web Project. Retrieved 23 June 2018.Max, Edward (5 May 2003). "Plagiarized Errors and Molecular Genetics". The Talk Origins Archive. Retrieved 4 May 2018.Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd ed.). Sinauer Associates. pp. 108–110. ISBN 978-0-87893-189-7.Haszprunar (1995). "The mollusca: Coelomate turbellarians or mesenchymate annelids?". In Taylor (ed.). Origin and evolutionary radiation of the Mollusca : centenary symposium of the Malacological Society of London. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-854980-2.Kozmik, Z.; Daube, M.; Frei, E.; Norman, B.; Kos, L.; Dishaw, L.J.; Noll, M.; Piatigorsky, J. (2003). "Role of Pax genes in eye evolution: A cnidarian PaxB gene uniting Pax2 and Pax6 functions" (PDF). Developmental Cell. 5 (5): 773–785. doi:10.1016/S1534-5807(03)00325-3. PMID 14602077.Land, M.F. and Nilsson, D.-E., Animal Eyes, Oxford University Press, Oxford (2002) ISBN 0-19-850968-5.Chen, F.C.; Li, W.H. (2001). "Genomic Divergences between Humans and Other Hominoids and the Effective Population Size of the Common Ancestor of Humans and Chimpanzees". American Journal of Human Genetics. 68 (2): 444–56. doi:10.1086/318206. PMC 1235277. PMID 11170892.Cooper, G.M.; Brudno, M.; Green, E.D.; Batzoglou, S.; Sidow, A. (2003). "Quantitative Estimates of Sequence Divergence for Comparative Analyses of Mammalian Genomes". Genome Res. 13 (5): 813–20. doi:10.1101/gr.1064503. PMC 430923. PMID 12727901.The picture labeled "Human Chromosome 2 and its analogs in the apes" in the article Comparison of the Human and Great Ape Chromosomes as Evidence for Common Ancestry Archived 2011-08-20 at WebCite is literally a picture of a link in humans that links two separate chromosomes in the nonhuman apes creating a single chromosome in humans. Also, while the term originally referred to fossil evidence, this too is a trace from the past corresponding to some living beings that, when alive, physically embodied this link.The New York Times report Still Evolving, Human Genes Tell New Story, based on A Map of Recent Positive Selection in the Human Genome, states the International HapMap Project is "providing the strongest evidence yet that humans are still evolving" and details some of that evidence.Alberts, Bruce; Johnson, Alexander; Lewis, Julian; Raff, Martin; Roberts, Keith; Walter, Peter (March 2002). Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-0-8153-3218-3."Converging Evidence for Evolution." Archived 2010-12-01 at the Wayback Machine Phylointelligence: Evolution for Everyone. 26 November 2010.Petrov, D.A.; Hartl, D.L. (2000). "Pseudogene evolution and natural selection for a compact genome". The Journal of Heredity. 91 (3): 221–7. doi:10.1093/jhered/91.3.221. PMID 10833048.Xiao-Jie, Lu; Ai-Mei, Gao; Li-Juan, Ji; Jiang, Xu (1 January 2015). "Pseudogene in cancer: real functions and promising signature". Journal of Medical Genetics. 52 (1): 17–24. doi:10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102785. ISSN 0022-2593. PMID 25391452.Vanin, E F (1985). "Processed Pseudogenes: Characteristics and Evolution". Annual Review of Genetics. 19 (1): 253–272. doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.19.120185.001345. ISSN 0066-4197. PMID 3909943.Gerstein, Mark (2006). "Pseudogenes in the ENCODE Regions: Consensus Annotation, Analysis of Transcription and Evolution" (PDF). Gerstein Lab. Retrieved 23 June 2018."What is Junk DNA?". Medical News | Medical Articles. 7 May 2010. Retrieved 23 June 2018.Okamoto, N.; Inouye, I. (2005). "A secondary symbiosis in progress". Science. 310 (5746): 287. doi:10.1126/science.1116125. PMID 16224014.Okamoto, N.; Inouye, I. (2006). "Hatena arenicola gen. et sp. nov., a katablepharid undergoing probable plastid acquisition". Protist. 157 (4): 401–19. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2006.05.011. PMID 16891155.MacAndrew, Alec. Human Chromosome 2 is a fusion of two ancestral chromosomes. Accessed 18 May 2006.Evidence of Common Ancestry: Human Chromosome 2 (video) 2007Yunis, J.J.; Prakash, O. (1982). "The origin of man: a chromosomal pictorial legacy". Science. 215 (4539): 1525–1530. Bibcode:1982Sci...215.1525Y. doi:10.1126/science.7063861. PMID 7063861.Human and Ape Chromosomes Archived 2011-08-20 at WebCite; accessed 8 September 2007.Avarello, Rosamaria; Pedicini, A; Caiulo, A; Zuffardi, O; Fraccaro, M (1992). "Evidence for an ancestral alphoid domain on the long arm of human chromosome 2". Human Genetics. 89 (2): 247–9. doi:10.1007/BF00217134. PMID 1587535.Ijdo, J. W.; Baldini, A; Ward, DC; Reeders, ST; Wells, RA (1991). "Origin of human chromosome 2: an ancestral telomere-telomere fusion". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 88 (20): 9051–5. Bibcode:1991PNAS...88.9051I. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.20.9051. PMC 52649. PMID 1924367.Amino acid sequences in cytochrome c proteins from different species, adapted from Strahler, Arthur; Science and Earth History, 1997. page 348.Lurquin, P.F.; Stone, L. (2006). Genes, Culture, and Human Evolution: A Synthesis. Blackwell Publishing, Incorporated. p. 79. ISBN 978-1-4051-5089-7.Theobald, Douglas (2004). "29+ Evidences for Macroevolution; Protein functional redundancy]". The Talk Origins Archive.Castresana, J. (2001). "Cytochrome b Phylogeny and the Taxonomy of Great Apes and Mammals". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 18 (4): 465–471. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003825. PMID 11264397.Van Der Kuyl, A.C.; Dekker, J.T.; Goudsmit, J. (1999). "Discovery of a New Endogenous Type C Retrovirus (FcEV) in Cats: Evidence for RD-114 Being an FcEVGag-Pol/Baboon Endogenous Virus BaEVEnv Recombinant". Journal of Virology. 73 (10): 7994–8002. PMC 112814. PMID 10482547.Sverdlov, E.D. (February 2000). "Retroviruses and primate evolution". BioEssays. 22 (2): 161–71. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(200002)22:2<161::AID-BIES7>3.0.CO;2-X. PMID 10655035.Belshaw, R.; Pereira, V.; Katzourakis, A.; et al. (April 2004). "Long-term reinfection of the human genome by endogenous retroviruses". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (14): 4894–9. Bibcode:2004PNAS..101.4894B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0307800101. PMC 387345. PMID 15044706.Bonner, T.I.; O'Connell, C.; Cohen, M. (August 1982). "Cloned endogenous retroviral sequences from human DNA". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 79 (15): 4709–13. Bibcode:1982PNAS...79.4709B. doi:10.1073/pnas.79.15.4709. PMC 346746. PMID 6181510.Johnson, Welkin E.; Coffin, John M. (31 August 1999). "Constructing primate phylogenies from ancient retrovirus sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 96 (18): 10254–10260. Bibcode:1999PNAS...9610254J. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.18.10254. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 17875. PMID 10468595.Pallen, Mark (2009). Rough Guide to Evolution. Rough Guides. pp. 200–206. ISBN 978-1-85828-946-5.Tanaka, G.; Hou, X.; Ma, X.; Edgecombe, G.D.; Strausfeld, N.J. (October 2013). "Chelicerate neural ground pattern in a Cambrian great appendage arthropod". Nature. 502 (7471): 364–367. Bibcode:2013Natur.502..364T. doi:10.1038/nature12520. PMID 24132294.Andrews, Roy Chapman (3 June 1921). "A Remarkable Case of External Hind Limbs in a Humpback Whale" (PDF). American Museum Novitates.Hall, Brian K. (1995), "Atavisms and atavistic mutations", Nature Genetics, 10 (2): 126–127, doi:10.1038/ng0695-126, PMID 7663504hall, Brian K. (1984), "Developmental mechanisms underlying the atavisms", Biological Reviews, 59 (1): 89–124, doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1984.tb00402.x, PMID 6367843Lambert, Katie. (2007-10-29) HowStuffWorks "How Atavisms Work". Animals. Retrieved on 2011-12-06.Tomić, Nenad; et al. 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"The two faces of Alba: the evolutionary connection between proteins participating in chromatin structure and RNA metabolism". Genome Biology. 4 (10): R64. doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-10-r64. PMC 328453. PMID 14519199.Brochu, C. A.; Wagner, J. R.; Jouve, S.; Sumrall, C. D.; Densmore, L. D. (2009). "A correction corrected:Consensus over the meaning of Crocodylia and why it matters" (PDF). Syst. Biol. 58 (5): 537–543. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp053. PMID 20525607. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013.Bock, W. J. (2007). "Explanations in evolutionary theory" (PDF). J Zool Syst Evol Res. 45 (2): 89–103. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2007.00412.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 May 2012.Kluge 1999Laurin 2000Fitzhugh 2006, p. 31Kluge 1999, p. 432Slifkin, Natan (2006). The Challenge of Creation…. Zoo Torah. pp. 258–9. ISBN 978-1-933143-15-6.Senter, Phil; et al. (2015), "Vestigial Biological Structures: A Classroom-Applicable Test of Creationist Hypotheses", The American Biology Teacher, 77 (2): 99–106, doi:10.1525/abt.2015.77.2.4Attila Regoes; et al. (2005), "Protein Import, Replication, and Inheritance of a Vestigial Mitochondrion", The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280 (34): 30557–30563, doi:10.1074/jbc.M500787200, PMID 15985435Sekiguchi, Hiroshi; et al. (2002), "Vestigial chloroplasts in heterotrophic stramenopiles Pteridomonas danica and Ciliophrys infusionum (Dictyochophyceae)", Protist, 153 (2): 157–167, doi:10.1078/1434-4610-00094, PMID 12125757Paula J. Rudall; et al. (2002), "Floral Anatomy and Systematics of Alliaceae with Particular Reference to Gilliesia, A Presumed Insect Mimic with Strongly Zygomorphic Flowers", American Journal of Botany, 89 (12): 1867–1883, doi:10.3732/ajb.89.12.1867, PMID 21665616Strittmatter, Lara I.; et al. (2002), "Subdioecy in Consolea Spinosissima (Cactaceae): Breeding System and Embryological Studies", American Journal of Botany, 89 (9): 1373–1387, doi:10.3732/ajb.89.9.1373, PMID 21665739Ashman, Tia-Lynn (2003), "Constraints on the Evolution of Males and Sexual Dimorphism: Field Estimates of Genetic Architecture of Reproductive Traits in Three Populations of Gynodioecious Fragaria virginiana", Evolution, 57 (9): 2012–2025, doi:10.1554/02-493Golonka, Annette M.; et al. (2005), "Wind Pollination, Sexual Dimorphism, and Changes in Floral Traits of Schiedea (Caryophyllaceae)", American Journal of Botany, 92 (9): 1492–1502, doi:10.3732/ajb.92.9.1492, PMID 21646167Walker-Larsen, J.; Harder, L. D. (2001), "Vestigial organs as opportunities for functional innovation: the example of the Penstemon staminode", Evolution, 55 (3): 477–487, doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00782.xGomez, Nadilla N.; Shaw, Ruth G. (2006), "Inbreeding Effect on Male and Female Fertility and Inheritance of Male Sterility in Nemophila menziesii (Hydrophyllaceae)", American Journal of Botany, 93 (5): 739–746, doi:10.3732/ajb.93.5.739, PMID 21642137Bejder, Lars; Hall, Brian K. (2002), "Limbs in Whales and Limblessness in Other Vertebrates: Mechanisms ofEvolutionary and Developmental Transformation and Loss", Evolution and Development, 4 (6): 445–458, doi:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2002.02033.x, PMID 12492145Coyne, Jerry A. (2009). Why Evolution Is True. Viking. pp. 60. ISBN 978-0-670-02053-9.West-Eberhard, Mary Jane (2003). Developmental plasticity and evolution. Oxford University Press. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-19-512234-3.P. C. Simões-Lopes; C. S. Gutstein (2004), "Notes on the anatomy, positioning and homology of the pelvic bones in small cetaceans (Cetacea, Delphinidae, Pontoporiidae)", LAJAM, 3 (2): 157–162, doi:10.5597/lajam00060"Example 1: Living whales and dolphins found with hindlimbs". Douglas Theobald. 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