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What technology can China currently build that Americans can't?The Chinese are proud of their country embarking on a correct development path: a pragmatic and focused path that can improve the lives of the Chinese people wholeheartedly. Today, the path the Chinese leaders have chosen has unknowingly produced a centripetal force for the world, and it has begun to attract more and more international outstanding scientific talents to come to China to work with the Chinese peers. The future of mankind is exploring the secrets of science. China is willing to invest money to support scientists in scientific research while European and American countries worry about too much information and cumbersome procedures. A large number of scientific talents have begun to flow into China.The United States today has long lost the spirit of hard work that it used to have. The United States, which is now accustomed to the status of the world’s leader, is just like the big belly and deep narcissism eagle in the movie "Angry Birds".The American politicians are indulged in all kinds of possibilities. In the trivial matters of showing one's own moral or political superiority, he no longer pursues progress at the overall level of the country. With regard to the rising China, the USA has only used the despicable and shameless practice of a scumbag to bully and suppress.Chinese companies have a great advantage in manufacturing extra large parts in extra large scale. Hydropower and UHV can be cited as the world's best two examples. These are actually not the original creation of Chinese companies, but in those two fields, the Chinese have achieved surpassing and leading.On January 12, 2019, the world's first Baihetan one million kilowatt boutique runner was officially completed at the Baihetan runner processing plant of Dongfang Electric Co., Ltd. of Dongfang Electric Group. The runner is the heart of the hydro-generator unit and is the core component with the most difficult research and development and most manufacturing problems in the unit. Compared with the turbine runners that have been put into operation in the world, the million-kilowatt turbine runner has achieved a historic leap in operating efficiency. China has made the only one such thing in the world.A single Baihetan million hydropower unit is more than 50 meters high and weighs more than 8,000 tons. A unit is equivalent to the weight of an Eiffel Tower. The overall design, hydraulic development, electromagnetic design, high-efficiency cooling technology, thrust bearing technology, high-voltage insulation technology, runner dynamic stress, research and application of high-strength materials, key component manufacturing technology are all world-class difficulty.Just to cite an example-in terms of the hydraulic research and development of the core technology of the unit. For the first time, Dongfang Electric applied the numerical simulation technology of the whole flow channel and the whole working condition to the engineering practice, innovatively developed the hydraulic evaluation standard and the blade thickening technology, and achieve the best match between the strength of the entire flow-through component and the hydraulic performance, the efficiency reaches more than 96%. In the well-known Three Gorges Project, the efficiency of the left bank runner is 94.5%, and the efficiency of the right bank runner is 94.63%.China can build hydropower stations with the largest unit capacity in the world.For human beings to develop, the following three problems: the speed of energy transmission, the speed of material exchange, and the speed of information dissemination must be solved. Why does China have a better future? China is the best in the world in solving those three problems. Compared with developed countries, China’s power grids are not only the largest in scale, but also highly reliable. Both Europe and the United States are regional power grids. Power generation in the region is used in that region only. There is no ultra-large-scale power dispatch like China. Even in Europe and North America, there will also often be large-scale blackouts in their grids.Power outages in Europe and the United States are all technical failures, while power outages in China are due to natural disasters. In addition, China’s population density is much greater than that of Europe and the United States. However, the number of people affected by power grid outages is much lower than that in Europe and the United States. This reflects extremely high technology and management level liabilty. Especially after the heavy snowstorm in 2008, China has further transformed the power grid, which greatly strengthened the monitoring capabilities of the entire network system, which can effectively predict the occurrence of accidents, and can realize that it does not affect other areas after the accident.China’s leadership in power grid technology not only provides a guarantee for the rapid improvement of China’s industry and residents’ living standards, but also created two world-class super companies: State Grid and China Southern Power Grid, which were ranked among the Forbes Global 500 in 2016. In the ranking, China's State Grid Corporation of China ranks second in the world, with revenues of up to 330 billion U.S. dollars and profits of up to 10.2 billion U.S. dollars. It is one of the world's profitable companies. State Grid is not only the second largest company in the world, but also the highest-income company in China. China Southern Power Grid ranks 95th in the world, with revenue of 74.7 billion US dollars and profit of 2.22 billion US dollars.The State Grid has contributed 28 global grid standards, among which the basic technology of the two international standard systems of smart grid and UHV transmission technology comes from the State Grid Corporation. This exceeds Huawei's right to speak in the formulation of communication technology standards.China can design, manufacture and commercialize ±1100 kV converter transformers and converter valves in the world. Among them, the converter transformer comes from TBEA.The distribution of energy resources and power loads in China is extremely uneven. More than 80% of energy resources are distributed in the west and north, while more than 70% of power consumption is concentrated in the east and central. UHV can fundamentally solve the problem of large-capacity and long-distance power transmission. When China Southern Power Grid proposed to study the ±800 kV DC transmission technology, there was a lot of doubt at home and abroad. Even Germany, the United States, South Korea and other power grid technology powers at that time could hardly be concerned about the world-class problem of 800 kV.In June 2006, the Yunnan-Guangdong ±800 kV UHV DC transmission demonstration project was established. It took only four years to get done. In 2010, the world's first UHV project, Yun-Guang UHV DC project was completed and put into production, creating 32 world class number one items.Since then, several large leading multinational companies have gradually faded out of China's high-voltage and UHV DC market, especially system research, development and design completely were withdrawn from the Chinese market. China is the only country in the world that has the technology and experience to build ultra-large-scale power grids under all complex conditions because there is no such high voltage power grid in foreign countries. The UHV transmission system made by State Grid leads the world from system to core components. It not only leads global standards, but is also the only company in the world to achieve large-scale exports. State Grid exports UHV technology and has no competitors in the market. The new ultra-high voltage DC (UHVDC) line built by Beijing-based State Grid Corporation of China can transmit up to 12 gigawatts.At present, China's UHV not only solves the problem of independence, but also is at the forefront of the world. It has been widely used by emerging countries such as India, Brazil, South Africa and other emerging countries to drive transnational power transmission and power trade, and promote the Chinese power equipment manufacturing industry for an annual growth of 500 billions RMB leading the global competition.The world's first 200,000 kilowatt high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear power plant demonstration project will be loaded in April, and the power generation will be officially put into commercial operation by the end of this year, 2021. The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor has the characteristics of good safety and high outlet temperature and has been recognized by the international nuclear energy community as one of the most promising advanced reactor types. The demonstration project adopts the traditional steam cycle, and the power generation efficiency can reach more than 40%, the highest power generation efficiency at present. The 600,000-kilowatt high-temperature gas-cooled reactor improved version project has completed the program design, and the supercritical version of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology research and development is expected to be completed in 2023.The pressure vessel of a nuclear power plant is one of the core components of a nuclear power plant, and the seal is a key component to prevent leakage. The pressure vessel of China's nuclear power plant has been produced nationwide, and the C-shaped seal is designed and manufactured by Zhejiang Tiansheng Sealing Company, one of China's largest static seal production companies.China's coal-to-liquid technology absolutely leads the world. One small part in this huge system is the one-way valve. There was originally only one German company making it. The small valve cost as much as 1.8 million yuan, and the longest life span is only 3 hours.China Hunan Sidi Technology Company developed the one-way valve. The price was only 200,000 yuan, and the life span was more than one year.In the 1990s, aircraft carbon-ceramic brake technology has just emerged in the world, and developed countries have invested heavily in research and development with little success. The development of this product originated from the joint efforts of the preparation technology of ceramic matrix composite materials awarded by Northwestern Polytechnical University National Science and Technology Invention First Prize in 2004 and Xi’an Brake, the core enterprise of the aircraft carbon brakes in China. After 12 years of research and tens of thousands of bench tests, a total of three key technologies have been broken through, 5 major technological inventions have been formed, and 19 nationally authorized invention patents have been obtained. The carbon-ceramic brake disc product jointly developed by Northwestern Polytechnical University and AVIC Xi’an Aviation Brake Technology Co., Ltd. has been equipped in 7 aircraft models in batches recently, making China the first country in the world to use carbon-ceramic brake discs. China's aircraft brake technology now ranks among the world's leading levels.Compared with the previous generation of brake discs, the carbon-ceramic brake disc has a static friction coefficient increased by 1-2 times, wet friction performance attenuation reduced by more than 60%, wear rate reduced by more than 50%, and service life increased by 1-2 times. The production cycle is reduced by 2/3, the production cost is reduced by 1/3, the energy consumption is reduced by 2/3, and the cost performance is increased by 2-3 times. The price is only equivalent to 50%-60% of similar foreign products. It is currently the only material found in the world that can not attenuate various physical properties under a high temperature environment of 1500℃. After the promotion and application, it can save about 300 million yuan in cost for the civil aviation passenger aircraft each year in China. The brake discs have been used in the civil aviation passenger planes such as Xinzhou 60, ARJ21 and C919 in China. ARJ21 has successfully flew 5,000 hours and withstood the initial test of the brake discs made in China.The gongs of symphony orchestras all over the world are hand-made by traditional Chinese craftsmanship. If you look closely, the gongs are crooked and untidy. Such an uneven and bumpy gong sounds the best. Those machine made round and flat ones are not up to the task.The crystal required for high-power ultraviolet lasers has been ahead of the world for about 20 years made in China. It took China 15 years and millions of dollars to develop the world’s first KBe2BO3F2（KBBF） crystal, which was manufactured by a research group led by Academician Chen Chuangtian of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (discovered in 1990). At first, the Chinese researchers were open to provide KBBF crystals worldwide. However, in 2009, China realized the strategic significance of this crystal and immediately stopped exporting.In February, 2016, the United States announced that it had broken through China’s 15-year blockade and produced KBBF crystals. The crystals are used in light emission electron microscopes, ultra-high-power lasers, and are also the core components of lithography machines, the core equipment for the production of CPU chips. The main reason for China's blockade of this technology is its military use. High-power crystals are the core technology of laser directed energy weapons. China is leading foreign countries by a large margin in this field, and its power output exceeds those foreign made by more than one order of magnitude. Because of China’s strict blockade of such technologies and prohibition of export, international research on condensed matter physics has been affected.China becomes the only country in the world that can manufacture practical deep-ultraviolet all-solid-state lasers. However, KBBF contains highly toxic beryllium and its crystal layered growth habit is serious.China has not waited for the United States to catch up in this area. In August, 2015, the Fujian Institute of Physics of China discovered a new type of beryllium-free deep ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal material LSBO. The newly discovered LSBO crystal is expected to become an excellent candidate material for the next generation of deep ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystals.Rubik's Cube was first invented by a professor in Hungary and later moved to China for production. However, several domestic companies later improved the Rubik’s Cube, such as fully enclosed, track, jamming, anti-flying edge, …, etc., all invented by the Chinese, and re-applied for patents, making the Rubik’s Cube rotate more smoothly and also it is precisely because of these revolutionary innovations that speed-screw players around the world can continuously refresh their fastest results. So far, China's Rubik's Cube industry has successfully counterattacked, and the high, middle and low ends are all controlled by Chinese companies, and there are no related industries abroad.The interactive electronic whiteboard was originally invented by a Canadian company in 1991 and used for classroom teaching. By 2005, there were no related production industries in China nor application. Two foreign companies, SmartBoard and Prometheus were the mainstream. The price was also a sky-high price, requiring tens of thousands of RMB to buy one. At the time, the two technologies used were pressure-sensitive and electromagnetic.Around 2005, Shenzhen Honghe Technology started the development of interactive electronic whiteboards. Unlike the two major international manufacturers, they took the route of infrared technology. Two years later, they launched their products. When it first came out, it could be described in one word, poor, and various failures continue, which is many times more difficult to use than the foreign ones.However, after another one or two years, the product began to stabilize, and more and more manufacturers joined, including iBoard (domestic manufacturers), Xiamen Yintian, Shenzhen Haiya, ...., etc. The prices have been getting cheaper to just more than one thousand yuan. The related industry chain has been becoming more and more complete. The domestic interactive electronic whiteboard technology competition has also kicked off, mainly for the technology of multipoint writing. In just one or two years, it has been overcome by many companies.Due to backward technology, SmartBoard and Prometheus have been in decline, and in the end they all asked the Chinese domestic companies for OEM production. The current interactive electronic whiteboard, technology and production are 100% controlled by the Chinese domestic manufacturers. This industry has also led to the development of two other related industries.The substrate of the infrared electronic whiteboard cannot be deformed and must have a certain degree of hardness. The Chinese domestic manufacturers initially used various materials and processes, such as wood, cardboard, steel, PVC, ..., etc. In the end, the aluminum honeycomb panels are used. The production of this substrate is currently only produced by the Chinese domestic manufacturers. Foreign companies neither need nor produce this kind of product.Companies that can produce infrared tubes are all over the world, but the infrared tubes used on interactive electronic whiteboards can only be produced in China. Unlike other infrared tubes, the infrared tubes on the infrared whiteboard have special requirements for parameters such as emission angles. Foreign infrared tube manufacturers have never had such a demand, and there is no such customer, even the world’s largest LED manufacturer, Taiwan's Everlight Electronics, also does not have an infrared pair of tubes used on electronic whiteboards.This is also due to the rise of the the Chinese domestic electronic whiteboard industry, domestic infrared tube manufacturers have also continued to compete with the development of this industry. In the end, the ones with the best technology and cost control survive. It is understood that these infrared tube manufacturers were small enterprises with only a few employees a few years ago. However, as China's electronic whiteboard industry dominates the world, these small enterprises have also begun to grow. It is precisely because of the development of related industrial chains that there is no foreign electronic whiteboard industry today and in the future.This industry not only provides a large number of low-end assembly positions in China, but also provides tens of thousands of software and electronic engineer positions, creating huge foreign exchange income for China. The most important thing is that the industry does not produce waste gas or water at all, and thus will not cause any negative impact on the environment.If the United States were to block this industry in China, it would not affect China’s interactive whiteboard industry at all. While this industry earns huge foreign exchange for China, it also makes outstanding contributions to the education development of the world, including American classrooms. All the interactive whiteboards made in China are used worldwide!Xuan paper, also known as Jingxian paper, was originally produced in Jing County, Xuancheng, Anhui Province. It was named after the government of Xuancheng, hence the name Xuan paper. Xuan paper is a high-grade artistic paper mainly used for Chinese brush painting and calligraphy, mounting, rubbing, and watermarking. Japan has tried to steal the trade secret in Xuan paper production since the Qing Dynasty, but still can’t make the copycat product at the same master level as the Chinese.The Chinese have established a super logistics system that can deliver 100 million packages in 3.5 days since 2016. China's JD and Alibaba are both world-class e-commerce companies with the best mobile payment systems making truly purchasing anytime and anywhere a reality. A strong and efficient logistics enterprise system includes major express companies with extremely high operational efficiency, as well as smart warehouses based on big data and automation. Alibaba's Cainiao Logistics has built a nationwide smart warehouse network. Cainiao’s logistics centers across the country have realized the connection with Tmall and Taobao’s big data on Alibaba Cloud, realizing a highly intelligent delivery system immediately after an order was placed.Once the materials and shipment are out of the warehouse, there must be a strong transportation infrastructure to transport them. This includes a nationwide airport network, a nationwide highway system, and a nationwide high-speed rail network. The material carrying capacity of the aircraft is completely incomparable with the high-speed rail. The Chinese high-speed railway, extremely-cold region railway, plateau railway, and heavy-haul railway technology have entered the world's advanced ranks. The construction technology of the super long and wide bridge and tunnel reaches the world advanced level. A group of the Chinese high-performance railway equipment and technologies with independent intellectual property rights represented by high-speed trains and high-power locomotives have reached the world's advanced level, and some have reached the world's leading level. The Chinese also own the world's leading technology for offshore deep-water port construction, giant estuary channel regulation technology, long river section channel system regulation technology, and large-scale airport engineering construction technology. The manufacturing technology of large-scale specialized terminal loading and unloading equipment, marine machinery special ships, and complete sets of container equipment is world-leading. Sorting technologies such as postal optical character recognition (OCR), video complement, and code address verification are at the world's leading level.China has the most complete domestic communication network in the world. The system built by three state-owned companies covers 99.7% of the national both rural and urban population.Consumer drones made in China are the top world class exceptional. In the top level of scientific research on consumer drones, the Chinese are also world leaders.China currently can build rapidly a very large unprecedented world class high-speed railroad system with an extra large scale modern ticket system and signal control system that Americans can't.China has unveiled the prototype for its sleek new magnetic levitation (maglev) train. Its makers say it will be capable of traveling at speeds of 600km/h (about 372 miles/hour).China unveils 600km/h maglev train prototypeA new floating bullet train capable of hitting speeds of 600 kilometers per hour (about 372 miles/hour) is one step closer to reality in China.https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/china-highspeed-maglev-prototype/index.htmlChina's new maglev is all set to go into commercial production in 2021.The world's first quantum science experimental satellite named Micius was successfully sent to space by Chinese scientists on August 16, 2016, because this not only means that China is at the forefront of quantum physics, a discipline that can open the door to the new world, the future of mankind.Is China the Leader in Quantum Communications?Chinese scientists have built two major quantum infrastructure projects, and the race is on to take the next step. (Inside Science) -- On Sept. 29, 2017, in Beijing, as physicist Jian-Wei Pan laid his hand on a ceremonial glass globe, the first long-distance quantum communication landline came online, connecting the capital city of China with the coastal city of Shanghai over a distance of more than 1,200 miles. For quantum physicists and tech geeks around the world, it was a day for celebration. But China wasn’t done yet. On the same day in Vienna, Austria, Pan’s former doctoral advisor Anton Zeilinger received a video call from his colleagues in China. This was no ordinary Skype chat -- it was the first quantum-encrypted video call, made possible by the Chinese quantum communication satellite known as Micius. The two feats were hailed as major achievements by scientists and the news media around the world. To understand the importance, you first need to know: What exactly is quantum communication? The short answer is that it is a new and supersecure way to communicate or exchange data. It has been called a potential game-changer during a time when cybersecurity and privacy have become a constant concern for individuals, companies and governments. For the long answer, you’ll need to understand a little bit about a bizarre quantum phenomenon called entanglement first. Quantum communications for dummies Although so-called hack-proof quantum communication sounds like the stuff of science fiction, the operating principle has actually been known for quite some time. In 1982, the scientists William Wootters and Wojciech Zurek , and Dennis Dieks first articulated the "no-cloning theorem," which states that quantum information carried by particles such as photons cannot be replicated exactly. That means that if we can somehow transmit data as quantum information, there is no way for a hacker to secretly listen in. The idea works this way: In quantum communication, two users directly share pairs of particles in a so-called entangled state, meaning their quantum properties are linked. Think of the pairs, which are most often photons, as pairs of candies with matching flavors. The pairs are generated in a random order and the ones that are successfully shared between the sender and the receiver will then spell out a secret phrase -- lemon, cherry, grape, cherry -- used to encrypt a subsequent data transmission. Since the only way to "detect" the flavor of the candy is to eat it, any candies that have been "detected" by a hacker are automatically omitted from the key phase, making it impossible for a hacker to eavesdrop. People have long known that quantum communication was possible, but the Chinese were the first to actually build large scale infrastructure for the task, said Tim Spiller, the director for the U.K. Quantum Technology Hub for Quantum Communications, an ongoing multi-institutional program in the U.K. Indeed, smaller scale quantum communicatiohttps://www.insidescience.org/news/china-leader-quantum-communicationsIn the process of building an all-superconducting Tokamak Nuclear Fusion Experimental Device (EAST), the Chinese scientists and engineers have developed more than 60 key technologies. 90% of the required superconducting, low-temperature and other cutting-edge materials are researched on their own. It is trial-produced step by step in the workshop of the factory. From superconducting materials, superconducting joints, superconducting wiring to large-scale magnet systems, after about 20 years of continuous efforts, China now has the world's advanced superconducting technology.Not long ago, the Pole Field No. 6 coil (PF6) with an outer diameter of more than 11 meters and a total weight of more than 400 tons passed the final acceptance test at the site of the French International Thermonuclear Fusion Experimental Reactor. PF6, developed by the Hefei Institute of Material Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is currently the heaviest and most technically difficult superconducting magnet in the world. The Chinese have spent 6 years in independent research and development of PF6.The Chinese scientist named Wang Nianshuang is currently engaged in research in the United States. He designed the stabilization of the coronavirus spike protein (S-2P) by adding two proline mutations, which provides an important structural biology basis for the precise design of mRNA vaccines, and this technology is now widely used, including Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, Modena, Novavacs and many other companies in the development of new crown vaccines, may also be used in the development of more vaccines in the future.Wang Nianshuang first started studying the coronavirus in 2013, when he was still studying for a PhD in Tsinghua University. In September 2012, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) epidemic broke out with a fatality rate of more than 50%, causing widespread concern worldwide. He and his dissertation advisor, Professor Wang Xinquan, began to study the mechanism of MERS virus invading cells, and screened out antibodies that have high-efficiency neutralization ability against MERS virus RBD.In 2014, Wang Nianshuang, who graduated from Tsinghua University, joined the newly established laboratory of American scientist Jason McClellan at Dartmouth College. An important project of the laboratory is the cooperation with the vaccine research and development center of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to develop a vaccine against the new coronavirus, and Wang Nianshuang’s task is to find a way to stabilize the spike protein of the coronavirus, which is also a key target for vaccine development.However, what he did not expect was that after experiencing the extreme excitement of the successful experiment, this ground-breaking achievement did not receive the pre-expected favor at the time. Five top authoritative journals in the world even rejected to publish his paper.After obtaining the new coronavirus sequence in January, 2020, Wang Nianshuang and his colleagues quickly carried out further research on the basis of previous research. In February, 2020, they resolved the structure of the stabilized new coronavirus S protein at the fastest speed. For this reason, the development of new crown diagnostic reagents, vaccines and drugs has provided key information, and has been quickly applied to vaccine trials of pharmaceutical companies such as Pfizer, Modena, and Johnson & Johnson.In other words, the reason why Pfizer and other pharmaceutical companies' vaccines can be successfully developed and approved within a year is based on the hard work of scientists such as Wang Nianshuang in the past few years. China is a major vaccine country and the fastest growing country in the industry. New technology routes for vaccines such as mRNA and viral vectors have also been established. If continuous investment in basic research and development is possible in the future, China's overall vaccine technology is expected to be upgraded to a higher level, and it will be more confident to participate in international competition.After this new crown epidemic, China's vaccine may be further recognized by the international community. Especially in developing countries, the trust will be greatly improved. Wang Nianshuang hopes to return to China when he has a better accumulation and participate in the process of China's biomedicine industrialization.WebinarsStructure, Function, and Antigenicity of Cornonavirus S Proteins 冠状病毒S蛋白的结构，功能和抗原性 Sat, March 7, 2020 @ 9-10 pm, EST Sun, March 8, 2020 @ 10-11 am, Beijing Timehttps://chineseantibody-dev.org/webinar-test.htmlA country with the second highest level of technology in the world must have a large number of unique technologies; otherwise, how can it be the only country that is likely to challenge the United States? The partial story described above is meant to provide people a bit information on the Chinese achievemnets.More is available until next time.

WARNING: a very long one.Male, Indian.I have written CGL Tier 2 (also wrongly called mains) three times i.e. 2014, 2015 and 2016. Appearing this year also for 2017. So that makes it four times CGL Tier 2.A little background before we start. Yes, it is important.I am a B Tech graduate in computer science and engineering. October 2012, during 7th semester, a well known mass recruiter IT company visited our campus, let’s name it COMPANY. It was the first company in our college and I got placed. I felt like what most of student of my age would feel. My life is set now. And I started dreaming of spending my time in that company.August, 2013: Graduation was complete and I joined COMPANY. COMPANY has three months training. i.e. August to mid November. In October just before completion of training had a personal tragedy at home. It was devastating to say the least. It changed me a lot. This was the time when I started contemplating the meaning of life.January, 2014: Joined a project in the company. I started noticing the work-life style of our PL(project lead). I always saw him working. COMPANY assigned him a laptop and mobile internet so he can work 24/7 from anywhere, anytime. We used to get mails from PL like anytime of the day, whether it is 1AM, 5AM, 10PM .Now a little about PL, he has been a top performer in the company since he joined and he got three early promotion because of his talent. He was very young to be a project lead. This is when I realised that I can’t stay in this job for lifetime.Till this time I had no idea about SSC or SSC CGL whatever. Then I heard about SSC CGL from a senior and one of my graduation classmates. I just googled and saw previous year question paper. First thought after seeing the question, it will not be possible for me to clear this exam. February, 2014 application were being filled for CGL 2014. I didn’t apply because I was in suspense. Last date was gone. Then SSC extended the time to apply for CGL. This time I applied halfheartedly.Now how to prepare for SSC CGL, got many links on Google. Followed one particular link by name of mrunal. Read the whole preparation strategy.April, 2014: was in a long distance friendship, Got committed.May, 2014: decided to start with English. Ordered word power made easy(WPME). I followed a strict schedule. I would wake up around 5am. Practise yoga (which I was already doing from last 9 months) and morning walk. Around 6:30, I will start reading WMPE and try to complete three sessions daily. By 10AM I have to be in office, which was at a walking distance. I would be back to my room around 9PM, study for one hour and strictly be on bed by 10PM so that I can wake up at 5AM. Everyday I have work in the office for almost 10–12 hours. Weekends were holidays only in policy paper of the company. I used to work even on weekends in the office. It is normal in IT industry. In the office hours, sometimes I would just get some time and read “The Hindu”, editorials and also some other news of my interest. There came a time when I had to daily travel to office in another city 30KM away. It involved visiting client offices spread across in that city. In the meantime purchased “Quantum CAT” and started learning. BTW, I completed WPME in less than three months.September, 2014: Took month leave from office by giving some false reason to prepare for Tier 1. Gave almost 50 offline mock tests.October, 2014: One week before exam had a breakup. It was a tough time. 26 October, reached exam centre too early, realised I forgot to carry my identity proof and pen also. Came back 25KM reached exam centre again just 10 minutes before entry closing time. Wrote CGL 2014 tier 1. Cleared it with 110+ marks. Tier 2 was supposed to be in next two months. I didn’t have any hope of clearing it in such a short time span. Preparation was on but in a very slow manner.12 April, 2015: Wrote Tier 2, 160+ in English, 50+ in Maths. Tier 2 not cleared. In the mean time I applied for IBPS IT officer, didn’t appear for exam though.9 August, 2015: Heavy rain in Delhi since last night. Had problem jerk in the back, walking slower than tortoise, got completely drenched in the rain. Had wrapped my admit card already in polythene bag. so it was saved. Gave exam in this condition only. This time improved my score a little bit and cleared with 115+ marks.25 Oct, 2015: Wrote Tier 2, 160+ in English, 100+ in Maths. Tier 2 not cleared.Family supported me and I resigned from my job. Every one else advised me against doing it. It was not an easy decision. But I had to take.November, 2015: Shifted to Delhi to prepare full time for CGL. Joined a famous coaching institute here named “KD Campus” because two of my cousins have already been in Delhi so they suggested it to me. I was staying in a PG. If have been to PGs you know the struggles of staying here. Started my preparation in full swing. At this time I was giving mock every Sunday at the coaching institute.January, 2016: Become isolated from every thing. Feeling stressful due to following the same daily routine. Lost interest in EVERYTHING. I was in a relationship with another girl. I cut her off, and told her not to disturb me at all (I wish I hadn’t done that). BUT didn’t stop studying.April, 2016: My coaching was complete by now. I had a terrible handwriting since school time. I have got very bad marks due to this even in college time. So, decided to work upon it. I had regained my enthusiasm by then. CGL 2016 Tier 1 was supposed to be held in May, 2016 but it was postponed and also Tier 3 (descriptive exam) was added in place of interview. By now, I have become even more dedicated towards my preparation. I started abstaining myself from masturbating and it’s continuing till today. Once you become dedicated in your preparation you will understand what are the distractions which are wasting your time and energy.August, 2016: wrote CGL 16 Tier 1, cleared it with 165+ marks. Had work seemed to be paying off. Started preparing for Tier 2 with double the energy.November, 2016: we broke up, issues being, caste differences and my unemployment too. It was “2 states” kind of situation (She got married next year i.e. 2017, which I attended). Cried my heart out. I was jobless and loveless too. It was a dull period. But I didn’t stopped studying. My roommate and other neighbour boys in our PG used to call me a “psycho”. I was studying like anything. I was like I am studying then sleeping for two hours then suddenly my roommate finds me writing mock test at midnight or early morning. I have even taken six mock tests in a single day many a times. Because I had nothing else better to do. I had no study or sleeping schedule. It was all mixed up. But it was always either one of them. Either I am studying or sleeping. Doing only just what was needed!. I had no friends in my PG and I never spoke to anyone in my PG, even with my roommate. Calling home only on Sundays, that too hardly two minutes. So, yeah, I justified the tag, “Psycho”. I hardly every visited my home, mostly it was on Holi and Diwali.I have grown physically weaker by now. 6 feet height and 60Kg weight, so you can imagine. One of my cousins visited me once and he was terrified to see my condition.During these four years of my preparation I have attended only four marriage functions and those too very selective ones.Whenever I had to travel outside of my room, I had my study material back up loaded as PDFs and “Career Pathshala” app in my mobile. I studied anywhere, everywhere be it in metro, bus, train, park or at farms. I was never off the preparation.12 January, 2017: Wrote Tier 2, 160+ in English, 160+ in Maths. I cleared Tier 2 exam in my 3rd attempt. Started preparing for Tier 3.19 March, 2017: wrote Tier 3. Tier 4 (DEST and CPT + Document Verification) was held in May 2017.5 August, 2017: Results were announced. My hands were trembling while opening the result PDF. Ranked in top 1000. Got a respectable 4600 grade pay job. Dialed my home number and informed them. It was the moment! Wrote CGL 17 Tier 1. Got a very high score, my best till now.February, 2018: Writing two-three mocks everyday for CGL 17 Tier 2.Result is still under litigation. So as of 12 Feb, 2018, I am sitting here waiting for my joining letter. But I am hopeful. And this period is not as hard as what I have already gone through. It’s nothing. Sooner or later I will be there!In the mean time I have also appeared for IBPS IT officer, and SBI IT officer, railway NTPC. But I never prepared separately for these exams and hence could not clear.To conclude, It may not look much hard. But, I believe I have prepared to the best of my ability. I gave it all I had!

Let’s start by going through what is actually known about all of this. (For the sake of not having to keep repeating footnotes throughout the whole thing, I’m just going to put them all here:) [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12][13] [14]The Clinton campaign and the DNC retained the law firm Perkins Coie for the 2016 election. It is normal to have lawyers specializing in election law working in conjunction with a campaign for a variety of reasons, including campaign finance compliance and preparing for possible litigation around election irregularities.Fusion GPS was started in 2011 as a commercial research and strategic intelligence firm. Glenn Simpson, Peter Fritsch, and Thomas Catan, three former journalists for the Wall Street Journal, founded the company. It does expert research and analysis, often for law firms in litigation. This is legal.Fusion GPS is not a branch of the U.S. government nor any other government. It is a private intelligence-gathering and analysis business. They cultivate sources around the world and hire experts for their business. Again, this is legal.Fusion GPS explicitly uses only publicly available information and does not obtain information from sources such as government operatives or intelligence agencies.Fusion GPS was well-known for this kind of work. The firm conducted opposition research into Mitt Romney in 2012. The firm also investigated undercover videos of Planned Parenthood and determined them to be heavily edited.Fusion GPS originally started doing opposition research into Trump in October of 2015, when the Washington Free Beacon, a conservative publication, hired them for this purpose. When Trump secured the nomination in early May of 2016, the Free Beacon gave up on this.The Free Beacon’s opposition research was largely funded by a couple of wealthy Republican donors and the Rubio campaign.In March of 2016, Fusion GPS approached Marc Elias about continuing to fund the opposition research into Trump when it became apparent that the Free Beacon and Republican sources were likely to stop as Trump gained ground and would secure the Republican nomination. Elias and Perkins Coie agreed to fund the research in April 2016 on behalf of the Clinton campaign and DNC. The campaign and DNC did not direct Elias or Perkins Coie to do this.Perkins Coie did not know what sources Fusion GPS would use to get information, nor directed them to use any particular sources.The Clinton Campaign and DNC did not know what sources Perkins Coie or Fusion GPS would use to get information.In June 2016, Fusion GPS hired the United Kingdom company Orbis Business Intelligence to help conduct this research. Orbis subcontracted the work to one of its co-founders, Christopher Steele, a former UK intelligence agent now working in the private sector.Steele is not the agent of a foreign nation and does not work on behalf of a foreign nation. He is a private citizen.Steele had worked with Fusion GPS previously and was (and still is) considered a fairly reliable and respectable source.Steele did not know who had hired Fusion GPS for this research, who paid for it, or even for what purpose he was gathering this information.In June 2016, the DNC’s email system was hacked by what would turn out to be a Russian-connected operative using the handle Guccifer 2.0. These documents were released through Wikileaks under the direction of Julian Assange with the intent to disrupt the 2016 election.Assange was also given other detrimental materials about various governments, including Russia, which he did not publish.According to the Mueller Report, Assange knowingly worked with the Russians because he did not like Hillary Clinton personally. He purposefully aided Guccifer 2.0 in hacking the DNC.**allegedly; this is still under indictment.Throughout the 2016 election cycle, beginning in late 2015 and continuing up to the election, an arm of the Russian military intelligence agency known as the Internet Research Agency created thousands of fake social media accounts purporting to be Americans.These accounts were used to distribute disinformation and literal fake news stories and sow distrust and discord into the campaign.The goal of this effort was to boost support for Donald Trump and discourage likely Clinton voters. It also targeted disaffected Bernie Sanders supporters through bolstering the narrative that Clinton had “stolen” the Democratic nomination through party chicanery in an attempt to discourage those voters from remaining with Clinton, either by not voting or voting third-party.Several U.S. allies reported this interference to the U.S., but the U.S. intelligence agencies were slow to respond due to the fact that it is actually quite difficult by law to surveil U.S. citizens with warrants, and they are not that easy to get. It was not until late August of 2016 that intelligence agencies briefed Congress on these developments.Between June and December of 2016, Steele compiled a number of memoranda and gave them to Fusion GPS explicitly as raw, unconfirmed intelligence requiring further analysis and corroboration, and maybe 80% accurate. This is not out of the ordinary for raw, un-analyzed, unvetted intelligence.Fusion GPS turned this information over to Marc Elias, the head election lawyer in Perkins Coie. Elias was deeply alarmed by the allegations in the memoranda. He immediately turned the information over to the FBI. He did not forward the information to the DNC or Clinton campaign.Additionally, Steele himself was so alarmed by some of what he discovered that he personally turned his research over to British and American intelligence agencies. This information was delivered to the FBI for follow-up.The FBI was deeply alarmed by some of what Steele discovered because it corroborated things they were already investigating before Steele had even started his research.Two individuals under surveillance previously were Carter Page and George Papadopoulos.Papadopoulos was under investigation after a tip from the Australian government because Papadopoulos, while drinking heavily, told the Australian High Commissioner to the UK that he knew that Russia had dirt on Clinton.This is because several weeks before, Papadopoulos had been contacted by a Russian operative who stated that the Russian government had incriminating emails about Clinton.Papadopoulos was asked about this contact by federal investigators and lied about it. This is what he pleaded guilty to.Neither Papadopoulos, nor anyone in the Trump campaign, ever alerted any authorities that Papadopoulos had been contacted by a Russian operative.Page had been under surveillance previously due to suspicion that he was being groomed by Russian intelligence operatives as an unknowing asset. Steele’s research suggested much the same thing. The FBI obtained an additional FISA warrant to follow up on this and determine whether Page was still being groomed or being actively used by the Russian government as an asset.Another individual already under investigation was Trump’s campaign manager at the time, Paul Manafort. Steele’s research also suggested that Manafort may have been involved in setting up connections with the Russian government.Manafort would later be indicted and convicted in connection with failure to register as a foreign agent and had substantial connections with the Russian government and pro-Russian Ukrainian individuals.Steele was a well-known source for the FBI, and they considered him to have been reliable in previous matters. This was all disclosed to the FISA court, along with the unverified nature of what Steele had found.At the time of the election, the existence of this dossier of memos was still just rumor. Journalistic outlets were scrambling to confirm their existence.Importantly to note, then, neither the Clinton campaign nor the DNC attempted to use the allegations in the memo or release any of the information publicly. Everyone along the chain of custody of this information had turned that information over to the appropriate authorities instead.After the election, the late Senator John McCain, a Republican representing Arizona, was able to receive a copy of Steele’s work through a colleague and former State Department employee. He was so alarmed by the content that he went to James Comey at the FBI with it, not knowing that the FBI already had this information.The existence of Steele’s work was only finally truly confirmed by really anyone in mid-January of 2017 when the U.S. intelligence agencies released a summary of the memoranda along with their report on Russian cyberattacks with the 2016 election.Shortly after President Trump was inaugurated and began assembling his cabinet, a number of appointees failed to report contacts with Russian individuals, including then-Senator Jeff Sessions, who was being tapped for Attorney General, and retired general Mike Flynn, who was being brought on as National Security Advisor.Acting Attorney General Sally Yates specifically warned then White House Counsel Don McGahn that there was evidence that Flynn was possibly subject to blackmail by Russians and was not truthful with federal agents on his SF86 security clearance form and subsequent interview about contacts with the Russian ambassador, Sergey Kislyak. It is a felony to lie on these applications.Flynn also lied to Vice-President Pence about these contacts. Shortly after this was made public, Flynn resigned. He later pleaded guilty to lying to federal investigators and has not yet been sentenced.The reason that anyone knew that Flynn and others were lying about contacts with Russians is because of the investigation into the election interference and subsequent surveillance of contacts with Russian agents and officials.In early May of 2017, President Trump fired FBI director James Comey after Comey refused to cease investigating the possibility of Russian interference into the 2016 election and whether Americans might have conspired with the Russian government in that process.Trump surrogates and advisors initially tried to claim that Comey was fired for mishandling the investigation into Hillary Clinton’s use of a private email server during her time as Secretary of State.Trump then went on nationally broadcast television and undermined his staff’s explanation, stating that he fired Comey because of “that Russia thing.”Trump also told Russian ambassador Kislyak that Comey was a “nut job” and that he fired Comey to relieve political pressure from the investigation.This set off a firestorm of bipartisan criticism leading to the appointment of a special counsel, former FBI director Robert Mueller, to investigate Russian interference into the 2016 election, whether any Americans might have conspired if such interference existed, and whether Trump may have obstructed the already present investigation into these matters.For the next two years, Trump will refer to this repeatedly as a “witch hunt,” and claim that he is being harassed. He repeatedly publicly implies that he might fire the special counsel, and tried to have his staff move to do so several times in private.As part of his narrative, Trump repeatedly claims that the sole origin of this investigation was the Steele dossier and that it was solicited and paid for by the Clinton campaign and DNC to attack him.In late January 2018, Rep. Devin Nunes (R-Cal) authors a House Intelligence Committee memorandum alleging abuses of the FISA process and claiming that Steele’s dossier was the sole basis of the investigations. After a week or so of speculation, this memo is partially declassified and released.Nunes’ own memo turns out to actually confirm the sequence of events above with Papadopoulos and that the FBI had disclosed any reliance on Steele’s work to the FISA court, contrary to Nunes’ accusations of FISA abuse to harass or spy on the campaign.In May of 2019, the Mueller Report and subsequent final press conference by the special counsel’s office conclusively and categorically state that the Russian government intentionally interfered with the 2016 election to sow as much discord as possible and undermine confidence in the election, and to elect Trump in that process.This is part of what Steele suggested was happening in his memoranda as of June through the fall of 2016.As of June 13, 2019, nothing in Steele’s work has yet been affirmatively proved to be untrue. Much of it remains unconfirmed. At least seven allegations raised by Steele’s research have been verified to be true. At least eight allegations are partially or somewhat supported. Most of it simply has no evidence either for or against it.Again, Steele himself stated that this was purely raw intelligence and was probably at best 80% accurate.With all of that factually established, did the DNC listen to dirt from the Steele dossier on Trump?No.Neither the DNC nor the Clinton campaign ever used the opposition research conducted by Elias and Perkins Coie, did not directly solicit it, and all individuals involved turned the alarming evidence of illegality over to the appropriate authorities. Neither the DNC nor the Clinton campaign published or sought this information. That’s enough to conclusively say that they did not listen to dirt from the Steele dossier on Trump.So, how is that situation different from what Trump said in his ABC interview?Trump said that he might not turn over that kind of information to the appropriate authorities, or even report the contacts with a foreign government offering to provide it.Trump said, "I think you might want to listen, there isn't anything wrong with listening. . . . If somebody called from a country, Norway, [and said] ‘we have information on your opponent' -- oh, I think I'd want to hear it."It is illegal to solicit or accept anything of value from a foreign country as part of a campaign.[15]FBI director Christopher Wray (appointed by Trump) has stated that going to the authorities with this kind of stuff is precisely what someone ought to do. When George Stephanopoulos pointed out that statement to Trump, Trump replied, “The FBI director is wrong, because frankly it doesn't happen like that in life. . . . Now maybe it will start happening, maybe today you'd think differently."Trump disputed the idea that a foreign government offering damaging information to one candidate is even interference in the election in the first place.This is not taken out of context. ABC released a transcript of the full, unedited interview.[16] Trump doubled down on the statement this morning, claiming that he talks with foreign leaders all the time and doesn’t call the FBI, and blaming the media.The President of the United States said in an open interview that he would at least consider breaking federal law so long as it benefited him, because he thinks it is not foreign intervention in an election to do so.These are the times we live in where that statement alone would not be sufficient to warrant immediate impeachment.How is all of this different from the DNC’s involvement in the 2016 election?First, when faced with evidence of illegal conduct, everyone involved in the Steele research turned their evidence over to the proper authorities. Immediately. Without waffling about it. Without wondering if it would be better to hold on to it to damage an opponent.Second, even if the Clinton campaign had directly hired Fusion GPS for this research (which they didn’t, but let’s just even say that for the sake of argument,) nobody was soliciting or accepting information from agents of foreign governments. Fusion GPS is very specific about using only publicly available information or publicly available sources. It does not use government intelligence agencies or agents or individuals who are working in close connection to governments, foreign or domestic, for its work.In contrast, Trump stated that even if he knew that it was directly coming from a foreign and potentially hostile government, he would still take it.Third, the DNC and Clinton campaigns, Perkins Coie, Fusion GPS, and Steele himself have been consistent throughout this whole process, and their story has been backed up repeatedly by disclosures from government agencies reviewing and investigating these events.In contrast, the Trump campaign first denied that the Trump Tower meeting ever happened. Then, when it became abundantly clear that it had happened, they claimed that it was about adoption only and that Clinton never came up. Then, when it became abundantly clear that the reason for the meeting was dirt on Clinton and adoption was what Vesilnitskya actually wanted to talk about, the Trump campaign switched it up to say, “Well, yeah… but… I mean… that’s okay. People get dirt all the time!”The actions of the DNC, Clinton campaign, and even Perkins Coie are substantially different from Trump’s suggestion that he would at least consider accepting damaging information about an opponent from a potentially hostile foreign power and not even reporting the contact.This was long and at best depressing, if not outright horrifying. Here, calm down with a kitten hanging out with some baby ducks.Mostly Standard Addendum and Disclaimer: read this before you comment.I welcome rational, reasoned debate on the merits with reliable, credible sources.But coming on here and calling me names, pissing and moaning about how biased I am, et cetera and BNBR violation and so forth, will result in a swift one-way frogmarch out the airlock. Doing the same to others will result in the same treatment.Essentially, act like an adult and don’t be a dick about it.Getting cute with me about my commenting rules and how my answer doesn’t follow my rules and blah, blah, whine, blah is getting old. Stay on topic or you’ll get to watch the debate from the outside.If you want to argue and you’re not sure how to not be a dick about it, just post a picture of a cute baby animal instead, all right? Your displeasure and disagreement will be duly noted. Pinkie swear.Because of the nature of this one, I will probably be quicker to just shut down the comments on this one entirely if it gets out of control.If you have to consider whether or not you’re over the line, the answer is most likely yes. I’ll just delete your comment and probably block you, and frankly, I won’t lose a minute of sleep over it.Debate responsibly.Footnotes[1] How a Sensational, Unverified Dossier Became a Crisis for Donald Trump[2] The Trump Dossier: What We Know and Who Paid for It[3] What You Need To Know About The Russia Investigations: The Dossier[4] https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/04/24/what-steele-dossier-said-vs-what-mueller-report-said/[5] https://www.justice.gov/storage/report.pdf[6] https://www.justice.gov/file/1007346/download[7] Full text: Nunes memo on FBI surveillance[8] Nunes Memo: What's In It And What's Not[9] Watch Lester Holt's Extended Interview With President Trump[10] British spies were first to spot Trump team's links with Russia[11] A timeline of Yates' warnings to the White House about Mike Flynn[12] Report: Trump Told Russians He Fired 'Nut Job' Comey Because Of Investigation[13] Wikileaks' Julian Assange reportedly turned down a trove of documents related to the Russian government[14] WikiLeaks Turned Down Leaks on Russian Government During U.S. Presidential Campaign[15] Who can and can't contribute - FEC.gov[16] ABC News' Oval Office interview with President Trump