H & P 1: Fill & Download for Free

Well, first, let us talk about where the name “Jesus Christ” comes from. The name Jesus is an Anglicized form of the Latin name Iesus, which is in turn a Latinized form of the ancient Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoũs), which is, in turn, a Hellenized form of Jesus’s original name in ancient Palestinian Aramaic, which was יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšūă‘), a shortened form of the earlier Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (y'hoshuaʿ), which means “Yahweh is Salvation.”y'hoshuaʿ is the original Hebrew name of the hero Joshua, the central figure in the Book of Joshua in the Old Testament. Consequently, yēšūă‘ was one of the most common male given names in Judaea and Galilee during the early part of the first century AD when Jesus was alive. There are even multiple other people with the exact same name mentioned in the New Testament, including Jesus Barabbas in the Gospel of Mark and Jesus Justus, an apostle mentioned in the Book of Acts and in the Pauline Epistles.Although people today often treat the word Christ as though it is Jesus’s last name, it is actually not a name at all, but rather an epithet (i.e. a descriptive title). The English word Christ is an Anglicized form of the Latin word Christus, which is, in turn, a Latinized form of the ancient Greek word Χριστός (Christós), meaning “anointed one.” The word Χριστός is used in the New Testament as a Greek translation of the Hebrew title מָשִׁיחַ (māšîaḥ), which has roughly the same meaning.In antiquity, the title of māšîaḥ was not exclusively specific to any one particular person; instead, it was a generic title that could be applied to anyone who was regarded as fulfilling the role of God’s anointed. For instance, in Isaiah 45:1, the title is applied to Cyrus the Great, the shah-in-shah of the Achaemenid Empire, who freed the Jews from captivity in Babylon after he captured the city in 539 BC and allowed them to return home to rebuild their Temple in Jerusalem.Now that we have that covered, we can proceed to explain where the phrase “Jesus H. Christ” most likely comes from. Most Christians are familiar with the Chi Rho monogram. If you are not familiar with it, here it is:It is composed of the capital forms of the Greek letters chi ⟨Χ⟩ and rho ⟨Ρ⟩, the first two letters of the Greek word Χριστός, superimposed over each other. It is a sort of clever abbreviation that was used by early Christians to signify “Jesus” without having to write out his full name.There is, however, another monogram used to represent Jesus that many people are less familiar with: the IHϹ monogram. Here is one form of it:While the Chi Rho monogram is composed of the capital forms of the first two letters of the Greek word Χριστός, the IHϹ monogram is composed of the first three letters of Ἰησοῦς, which, if you recall, is the Greek spelling of the name Jesus.The first letter is the Greek letter iota ⟨I ι⟩, which looks like the Latin letter ⟨I⟩ and makes the [i] sound as in the word machine, or sometimes the consonantal [j] sound as in the word yellow. The second letter is the Greek letter eta ⟨H η⟩, which makes the long E sound, but which looks like the Latin letter ⟨H⟩. The third and final letter is the lunate sigma ⟨Ϲ ϲ⟩, a form of the Greek letter sigma which looks extremely similar to the Latin letter ⟨C⟩ and makes the [s] sound as in the word soft.These are the first three letters of the name Ἰησοῦς, the Greek spelling of the name Jesus used in the original Greek text of the New Testament. At some point, however, presumably sometime in the early nineteenth century, ignorant Americans who were accustomed to the Latin alphabet and who knew nothing of the Greek alphabet mistook the letters of the IHϹ monogram for the Latin letters J, H, and C. They concluded that the J must stand for “Jesus” and the C must stand for “Christ,” but then no one could figure out what the H stood for. Apparently, some people just concluded, “Hey, I guess H must be his middle initial!”Eventually, the phrase “Jesus H. Christ” became something of a joke and it began to be used as a mild expletive. In his autobiography, the American author Mark Twain (a.k.a. Samuel Langhorne Clemens; lived 1835–1910) observed that the phrase was already in common use when he was still a young lad. Twain tells a humorous anecdote of how, in around 1847, when he was apprenticed to a printer, the evangelical preacher Alexander Campbell, the leader of the “Restoration Movement,” ordered the printer to whom the young Samuel Clemens was apprenticed to print some pamphlets for one of his sermons.Unfortunately, the printer accidentally dropped a few words and, in order to avoid having to reset three whole pages of text, made space to fill in the missing words by abbreviating the name “Jesus Christ” to simply “J. C.” at one point in the text. The pious Reverend Campbell, however, insisted that the printer must not “diminish” the name of the Lord; he insisted that he needed to include the full name, even if it meant resetting three whole pages of already set text. The printer reset the text, but, because he was annoyed by the reverend, instead of changing the text of the pamphlet to say simply “Jesus Christ,” he changed it to say “Jesus H. Christ.”It is important to note that Mark Twain’s story is not the origin of the phrase, but it is an early piece of evidence of the phrase being used.ABOVE: Photograph of the American author Mark Twain taken in 1871 by Mathew BradyHere are the origins of some other humorous oaths:“By Jove!” Jove was a name for the Roman god Jupiter. This oath substitutes the name of a pagan god for the Christian one, the implication being that it was considered less offensive to swear by a deity perceived as being false than a deity perceived as being true.“For Pete’s sake!” The “Pete” that this oath refers to is Saint Simon Peter the Apostle. The oath substitutes Peter’s name for Christ’s to make it a lesser oath.“Gadsbud!” This seemingly nonsense phrase is most likely a contraction of either “God’s body” or “God’s blood,” referring to the body or blood of Christ respectively.“Gadzooks!” This seemingly nonsense phrase is actually a corruption of “God’s hooks,” referring to the nails used to pin Jesus to the cross during his crucifixion.“Holy mackerel!” This oath is of uncertain origin, but it may be a substitute for “Holy Mary,” referring to Mary, the mother of Jesus.“Zounds!” This seemingly nonsense phrase is actually a corruption of “God’s wounds,” referring to the wounds Jesus suffered during his crucifixion.POSTCRIPT ADDED ON 15 AUGUST 2019Since I originally published this article several months ago, several other articles have popped up on various websites, like this one, falsely claiming that the explanation I have presented here is some kind of “new theory” of my own. It is not, nor did I ever claim it was such a thing. This explanation is not “new,” nor is it rightfully mine; I read it in a book somewhere years ago. You can find plenty of older answers to this question that give basically the exact same answer I have just given. All I have done here is present the explanation in my own words.

Take a look at this code#include "stdio.h" #define e 3 #define g (e/e) #define h ((g+e)/2) #define f (e-g-h) #define j (e*e-g) #define k (j-h) #define l(x) tab2[x]/h #define m(n,a) ((n&(a))==(a))  long tab1[]={ 989L,5L,26L,0L,88319L,123L,0L,9367L }; int tab2[]={ 4,6,10,14,22,26,34,38,46,58,62,74,82,86 };  main(m1,s) char *s; {  int a,b,c,d,o[k],n=(int)s;  if(m1==1){ char b[2*j+f-g]; main(l(h+e)+h+e,b); printf(b); }  else switch(m1-=h){  case f:  a=(b=(c=(d=g)<<g)<<g)<<g;  return(m(n,a|c)|m(n,b)|m(n,a|d)|m(n,c|d));  case h:  for(a=f;a<j;++a)if(tab1[a]&&!(tab1[a]%((long)l(n))))return(a);  case g:  if(n<h)return(g);  if(n<j){n-=g;c='D';o[f]=h;o[g]=f;}  else{c='\r'-'\b';n-=j-g;o[f]=o[g]=g;}  if((b=n)>=e)for(b=g<<g;b<n;++b)o[b]=o[b-h]+o[b-g]+c;  return(o[b-g]%n+k-h);  default:  if(m1-=e) main(m1-g+e+h,s+g); else *(s+g)=f;  for(*s=a=f;a<e;) *s=(*s<<e)|main(h+a++,(char *)m1);  } } Now what is interesting about this is that the person who wrote this code was the winner of The International Obfuscated C Code Contest, a competition to write the most confusing code possible.Now those who are wondering what this code does, simply it prints outhello world!

MiG-29 UPG- 2,446km/hMirage 2000-2,336 km/hDassault Rafale-2,223 km/hMiG-21 bison -2,230 km/hHAL Tejas-2,205km/hSu-30 MKI- 2,120 km/hMiG-27 Bahadur-1,885 km/h (will be decommissioned by December 2019)Sepecat Jaguar-1,700 km/hBut if we ask the fastest aircraft ever operated by India, It’ll beMiG-25 Foxbat -3,494 km/h