Balloon Note: Fill & Download for Free

To answer that type of question firstly you should know about equation of motionsv=u+atv^2=u^2+2*a*ss=u*t+0.5*a*t^2where u is initial velocity and v is a final velocity and a is acceleration and t is a time and last s is distance .to solve this question we should imagine that stone is in the balloon.when it is released from balloon than it will go upward direction because of initial velocity of 10m/s which is given by balloon and one thing is note there it is going upward direction than there is negative gravitational force working on the stone .time taken by stone to reach in rest position .u=10,v=0,a=-10(assuming that g=10m/s^2)use first equation :: 0=10–10*t1t1=1 secnow take how much distance travel by stone to become in rest position.take second equation ::0^2=10^2–2*10*ss=5 mthan stone have to travel totally 500+5 meter to come to ground at the high pointu=0,than use third equation of motion505=0^2+0.5*10*t2^2t2=10.05 secthan total time taken by stone to come in the ground isT=t1+t2T=10.05+1T=11.05 secHope you have got your answer

Before discussing please note the meaning of ProtodiastoleProto(means 1st)+ Diastole(relaxation) =so protodiastole is nothing but the 1st phase of ventricular relaxation.Consider the ventricles as a balloon with two openings1-One opening is guarded by the Semilunar valves2-2nd opening is guarded by the AV valves.Now after the ventricles had pushed the blood into the great vessels it needs to get filed again with blood.After all the blood had been pushed into the great vessels(i.e after ventricular systole) the pressure inside ventricle fall rapidly..This is the period of protodiastole which lasts for 0.004 sec.Though the pressure in the ventricle has fallen but the pressure in the vessels are still high thanks to their tunica media layer..So these distended arteries (Aorta and Pulmonary artery) immediately pushes the blood back toward the ventricles which snaps the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves closes.This is the major component in generating 2nd heart sound (closure of semilunar valve).So protodiastole is the phase after which we hear the "dubb" or the second heart sound...Hope my answer helped.ByeCheers to life

It is 53 times more costly to send 120 people to Venus than it is to send them to Mars with current Raptor Engine technology.Figures of Merit for RocketRocket Exhaust Velocity: 3.7 km/secStructure Fraction: 8.5%Going to Mars From EarthEarth Escape Velocity: 11.18 km/secHyperbolic Excess Velocity: 3.9 km/secAir Drag & Gravity Loss: 1.4 km/secLaunch from Surface of Earthsqrt(11.18^2+3.9^2)+1.4 = 13.24 km/sec.Journey to Mars270 days — 0.76 km/sec — course correctionLand on MarsAerobrake and land - 0.50 km/secWaiting on Mars for Earth to Get in Right Position400 daysGoing to Earth from MarsMars Escape Velocity: 5.03 km/secHyperbolic Excess: 2.9 km/secAir Drag & Gravity Loss: 0.5 km/secsqrt(5.03^2+2.9^2)+0.5 = 6.31 km/secJourney Back to Earth270 days — 0.69 km/sec — course correctionLand on EarthAerobrake and Land — 0.50 km/secTotals13.24+0.76+0.50+6.31+0.69+0.50 = 22 km/secStages22/3.7 = 5.946 ~ 6 stages1 metric tons per person supplies 120 people 120 ton payload22/6 = 3.67 km/sec — stage delta vee for optimal performanceTsiolkovsky Rocket Equationu = 1–1/exp(3.67/3.70) = 0.6292s = 0.085p = 1–0.6292–0.085 = 0.2858120/0.2858^6 = 220,195.2 tonnes take off weight.NOTES: This all doesn’t have to be in one rocket. This could be multiple rockets refilling rockets with tankers and the like. Even so, the total won’t be less than this figure to send 120 people to Mars and back. Furthermore, you can make propellant on Mars, and refill tankers there. This reduces your total on Earth but this last figure — total take off weight of a single multi-stage rocket gives you the SCALE OF THE PROBLEM.VENUSGoing to Venus From EarthEarth Escape Velocity: 11.18 km/secHyperbolic Excess Velocity: 3.9 km/secAir Drag & Gravity Loss: 1.4 km/secLaunch from Surface of Earthsqrt(11.18^2+3.9^2)+1.4 = 13.24 km/sec.Journey to Venus140 days — 0.76 km/sec — course correctionLand on VenusAerobrake and land - 0.50 km/sec (deploy balloon to float at 50 m)Waiting on Venus for Earth to Get in Right Position76 daysGoing to Earth from VenusVenus Escape Velocity: 8.96 km/secHyperbolic Excess: 4.2 km/secAir Drag & Gravity Loss: 3.5 km/secsqrt(8.95^2+4.2^2)+3.5 = 13.39 km/secA fully loaded SpaceX rocket with zero boil off cryogens survive entry into Venus’ atmosphere and sustain the long duration storage in the Venus environment. This rocket also needs the Heavy Boost Stage to get to Venus orbit, and then refilled by orbiting tankers overhead. You DO NOT recovery or refill the Heavy. So its a total loss per trip.The scale of the booster gives the scale of the balloon. You would likely try this once or twice successfully unmanned, before sending people. Send one and launch it back to orbit. Then send one with people in it.Journey Back to Earth149 days — 0.61 km/sec — course correctionLand on EarthAerobrake and Land — 0.50 km/secTotals13.24+0.76+0.50+13.39+0.61+0.50 = 29 km/secStages29/3.7 = 7.837 ~ 8 stages5 metric tons per person supplies 120 people 600 ton payload (we need an immediately deployable balloon to hang our remaining stages from and they need to be filled during descent — we cannot land — we can carry a submarine type setup that cables down to surface, this all adds to the weight.29/8 = 3.625 km/sec — stage delta vee for optimal performanceTsiolkovsky Rocket Equationu = 1–1/exp(3.625/3.70) = 0.6246s = 0.085p = 1–0.6246–0.085 = 0.2904600/0.2904^8 = 11,862,558.2 tonnes take off weight.NOTES: This all doesn’t have to be in one rocket. This could be multiple rockets refilling rockets with tankers and the like. Even so, the total won’t be less than this figure to send 120 people to Mars and back. Furthermore, you cannot make propellant on Venus to refill tankers there. This increases the total you must bring to Earth but this last figure — total take off weight of a single multi-stage rocket gives you the SCALE OF THE PROBLEM which is 53x more costly with the technology we have today.MARS FIRST VENUS NEXTSelf Replicating Utility FogWe take a 5000 kg Mars Colony Experiment that sucks in CO2 and Nitrogen from Mars atmosphere and makes diamond domes buildings and machinery and oxygen nitrogen atmosphere with water inside the dome.Cloned Plants and AnimalsBiologists then bring cell cultures to life and grow plants and animals in a self sufficient ecology powered by sunlight.Once success is attained on Mars, the system is redesigned to operate in the Venusian atmosphere. Here a 5000 kg package is sent to Venus and descends, it uses the sunlight which is 4.4x more abundant on Venus than Mars, and CO2 which is 156x more abundant than on Mars to grow a floating city from a modest ballon deorbited from a single SpaceX Starship entering orbit — perhaps flown directly from Mars.The graphene formed from the CO2 intercepts intense sunlight and produces laser light that drives laser light craft which are built and tested on Mars, and brought to Venus in the Starship. The tail goes to the surface and mines the surface with robot systems.LASER LIGHT CRAFTOnce the city is established a few light craft are flown to the city and and back to orbit, depositing supplies in the city. When the crew feels comfortable, they descend to the newly built city with the same biological components, and grow plants and animal in the city. Then, with the laser light craft link that takes CO2 liquifies is and uses laser energy to fly to orbit and back, the same rocket that settles Mars also settles Venus at the same level of effort since the need for heavy multi-stage rockets with high energy propellant are no longer needed.The SpaceX Starship is immediately adaptable to a single stage rocket that does Earth to Earth flights the same distance as long distance airliners at less cost and far less speed and risk. This will change the nature of air travel on Earth and provide an important revenue source for SpaceX going forward. In this way 31,000 airliners will be replaced with 2,600 rockets.The laser light craft developed on Mars, and used to conquer Venus, will be exported to Earth, and replace 1.3 billion motorcars with 100 million six passenger drones that take anyone from anyhwere to anywhere else on Earth in minutes, creating a truly global village and ending the pollution of the motorcar era.A side benefit is that these laser light craft will allow people to leave Earth freely and reduce the heavy lift component for Earth and Mars, and make movement between worlds with Cycler Ships a reality. The Cycler ships will be larger and larger and evolve into self sufficient space stations as laser cargo rockets replace 53,000 ship merchant marine with a few hundred 50,000 ton laser light ships.As laser capacity increases payloads and speeds rise, and we spread across the solar system and beyond.