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Speaking from personal experience the talent pool is by and large similar despite the fact that the admissions process for MIT and CalTech is testing marks and grades coupled with references whereas IIT is strictly merit based marks.I know and have worked closely with many MIT, CalTech and IIT graduates for decades. An IIT grad friend of mine actually got his Masters degree at CalTech which he enjoyed immensely and is not uncommon.Unfortunately the admissions process of IIT is far too inflexible in that a substantially better candidate might be denied acceptance because of a minuscule insignificant difference in standardized test scores. Many IIT graduates I know share this viewpoint too.The admissions process in elite USA universities accounts for the unique body of work for each candidate as well as standardized test scores. For instance in my case I starting taking university classes fulltime for 2 full years at age 16 before going to CalTech.Although the national standardized tests completely missed assessing my current knowledge and skills, the high touch human admission process did not.Although for large public institutions a high touch admission process does not scale in volume, for elite universities such as the IITs one would expect a far more sophisticated admissions process as life cannot be captured accurately by standardized tests.For instance a classmate of mine (and freshman camp bunkmate likely because we both had advancement placement in math) was Peter Shor - Wikipedia who now teaches at MIT. Peter won 2nd place in the International Mathematical Olympiad - Wikipedia. That achievement alone trumps the highest possible standardized test score period yet would be ignored in the IIT admissions process.As a final note my 2nd manager was an IIT grad from the late 70’s when there were regretfully only 4 IIT campuses. He lamented how unfair this was for such a large country to have such a small number of elite colleges. It was my first exposure to how hard IIT admission is.

The method is holistic with the body of work being key.No threshold whatsoever as correlation does not imply causation. It just so happens that getting a high SAT score is easy along with a high GPA. At 16 I finished the PSAT in half the time, a boring test, left early and did not double check my results. I did not know it would cost me being a National Honor Merit scholar as my SATs were great. Somewhat embarrassing in hindsight but immaterial to admissions at CalTech.My story is somewhat typical. I only got 1 B in high school for 1st semester in Freshman English. The teacher said I probably deserved an A but I did not work hard enough which I corrected in 2nd semester. The cost me being the valedictorian but who cares in the end as life is about learning not awards. I further hurt my GPA by taking only 1 English my junior and senior years while attending attending Portland State University fulltime as a 16 year old year round including summers.It was the recommendations from Portland State University professors along with my AP High School chemistry teacher that got me into CalTech period.Peter Shor - Wikipedia was a classmate of mine. I am sure his GPA was irrelevant to his admission.Education[edit] While attending Tamalpais High School, in Mill Valley, California, he placed third in the 1977 USA Mathematical Olympiad.[7]After graduating that year, he won a silver medal at the International Math Olympiad in Yugoslavia (the U.S. team achieved the most points per country that year).[8][9]He received his B.S. in Mathematics in 1981 for undergraduate work at Caltech,[10] and was a Putnam Fellow in 1978. He earned his Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics from MIT in 1985.[11]His doctoral advisor was F. Thomson Leighton, and his thesis was on probabilistic analysis of bin-packing algorithms.Career[edit] After graduating, he spent one year in a post-doctoral position at the University of California at Berkeley, and then accepted a position at Bell Laboratories. It was there he developed Shor's algorithm, for which he was awarded the Rolf Nevanlinna Prize at the 23rd International Congress of Mathematicians in 1998 and the Gödel Prize in 1999.Shor began his MIT position in 2003. Currently the Henry Adams Morss and Henry Adams Morss, Jr. Professor of Applied Mathematics in the Department of Mathematics at MIT, he also is affiliated with CSAIL and the Center for Theoretical Physics (CTP).He received a Distinguished Alumni Award from Caltech in 2007.[10]On October 1, 2011, he was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[12][13]

IBM Quantum Experience almost answered that for me. I could not determine what you can access without signing up admission to their process. Having learned a lot by piecemeal reading, I was amazed at what could be learned following their tutorial.Unlike Google, which offers a similar quantum computer simulator, the IBM simulation (which includes access to their real 5 qubit processor) provides for graphic construction of a quantum algorithm. Gates are moved using point and click input to move gates to the allowable locations in the pipeline. Programming Your Quantum Computer, a article in the American Scientist (Jan-Feb 2014 issue) explains that reversibility considerations, inherent in quantum computing demands the use of Stovepipe Architecture in which the information is piped straight through. The programming process resembles Electronic design automation. The article suggests that the quantum computer will be an adjunct to a more usual computer, only serving to process portions of a problem for which it is better suited.The Google Quantum Computing Playground uses a scripting language much like javascript as its input.In any case, the question is, how would anyone determine what was needed to accomplish a useful result? The IBM tutorial takes the problem in stages. The object being worked with is a qubit word, consisting of entangled qubits. Understanding that, the method of working is to manipulate the qubits using quantum gates. Conceptually, each qubit is represented as a unit vector in xyz coordinates with gates reversing signs, rotating the vector, changing phase sometimes based on the value of another qubit. Other gates provides for other operations. Take the tutorialNow the question comes down to what can be done usefully by manipulating entangled qubits? Somewhat like circuit design, studying earlier examples might provide insight into what could be done. I have gained enormous respect to Shor and Grover, as pioneers. Paraphrasing Euclid, There is no royal road to quantum computing.