Tpm Rental: Fill & Download for Free

If heavily scratched, the seats or carpets are worn or stained, if high mileage, or a particularly unreliable brand, or a license plate from a state clear across the US, stinks, or has the TPM warning light on. Mostly I rent for many years from the brands where you just walk up to the car you want and take it from there. That way you can check out the car before you leave and choose.

The former UGC NET now NTA NET examination need to basic to advance kind of knowledge of your specific subject. If you appearing Tourism Administration and Management as your masters then better you are doing basics in your early preparation because when you find old question papers their you can see vary logical and interrelated kind of question. Very simple and educational guess are required for solving the questions but for that simplicity you must clear your basic first. Hear are some tips for you.Stick to the syllabusMake very basic notes of each topics of the syllabusDon't read all book expect you have lot of time.Clear your basics from internet, because their is no textbooks on your subject.Break all the syllabus on small pieces and try to make timetable for each topic.Solved previous year question papers as possible as because they'll give you the examiners mind.Try to make balancing between paper 1 and paper 2 , because if you want to qualify this exam you must pass on both papersMake connections whenever you studies.Make topic wise explanation of previous years question paperBooksBooks are helping you to understand the nature of each topic, but don't depend on single book. The referring is always good.Syllabus:Unit – ITourist / Visitor / Traveller / Excursionist – definition and differentiation. Tourism recreation and leisure inter-relationship ( s ). Tourism components, Elements and infrastructure. Types and typologies of Tourism.Emerging concepts : Eco / rural / agri. / farai / green / wilderness / country side / special interest tourism.Tourism Trends : Growth and development over the years and factors responsible therein. Changing market-destination patterns, Traffic flows / receipt trends. Travel motivator and deterrents. Pull and Push forces in tourism.Linkages and channels of distribution in Tourism : Tourism Organisation / Institutions : Origin, Organisation and functions of WTO, PATA, IATA, ICAO, FHRAI, TAAI, IATO and UFTAA.Unit – IIConcept of resource, Attraction and product in tourism. Tourism products : typology and unique features.Natural Tourism Resources in India : Existing use patterns vis – a – vis potential with relation to varied landforms ( mountains, deserts, beaches, coastal areas and Islands ), Water bodies and biotic wealth ( flora – fauna ).Popular tourist destination for land based ( soft / hard trekking, ice skiing, mountaineering, desert safaris, car rallies, etc. ), water based ( rafting, kayaking, canoeing, surfing, water skiing, scuba / snuba diving ) and air based ( para – sailing, para – gliding, ballooning, hand – gliding and microlighting, etc ) tourist activities. Wildlife – Tourism and conservation related issues – Occurrence and distribution of popular wildlife species in India. Tourism in National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves ( case of Dachigham Corbett / Dudhwa / Kaziranga / Kanha / Gir / Ranthambor / Mudumalai / Sunderbans / Shivpuri / Manas / Nanda Devi / Valley of flowers reserves ). Tourism and nature conservation-Conflicts, Symbiosis and Synergy.Cultural Tourism Resources in India : Indian Culture and society. Indian History – Ancient, Medieval and Modern.Traditions, Customs and costumes : Life style and settlement patterns. Food habits and cuisine. Music, Musical instruments and Dance forms; Drawing and painting; Craftsmanship.Religion / religious observances and important pilgrim destinations.Architectural Heritage-Forts / palaces / other architectural marvels – Location and unique features.Unit – IIIAccommodation : Concept, Types and Typologies, Linkages and Significance with relation to tourism.Emerging dimensions of accommodation industry – Heritage hotels, Motels and resort properties. Time share establishments.Hotel and Hoteliering : Origin, Growth and diversification. Classification, registration and gradation of hotels. Organisational structure, Functions and responsibilities of the various departments of a standard hotel / other catering outlets, viz., bars, restaurants, fast food centres. In flight catering.Leading multinational hotel chains operating in India. Public sector in hoteliering business – Role, Contribution and Performance.HRD perspective with special reference to India-Requirements, Training facilities, Constraints and Scope.Fiscal and non-fiscal incentive available to hotel industry in India. Ethical, Legal and regulatory aspects.Unit – IVTransportation : Dynamically Changing needs and means.Landmarks in the development of transport sector and the consequent socio – economic, Cultural and environmental implications. Tourism transport system.Airlines Transportation : The Airlines Industry-Origin and Growth. Organisation of Air Transport Industry in International context. Scheduled and non – scheduled Airlines services; Air taxis. Multinational Air Transport Regulations-Nature, Significance and Limitations. Role of LATA, ICAO and other agencies. Bermuda Convention.Air Transport Industry in India – DGCA and other key players; Regulatory Framework; Air Corporation Act, Indian carriers-Operations, management and performance. Marketing strategies of Air India.Significance of Road Transport in Tourism : Growth and Development of road transport system in India; State of existing infrastructure; Public and Private Sector involvement; Role of Regional Transport Authority. Approved Travel Agencies, Tour / Transport Operators, Car hire / Rental companies.State and inter – state bus and coach network, Insurance provision road taxes and fitness certificate.Rail Transport Network – Major Railway Systems of World – British Rail, Euro Rail and Amtrak.Types of special package offered by Indian Railways to tourists – Indrail pass, Palace on Wheels and Royal Orient.Reservation procedures. GSAs abroad.Water Transport System in India – Historical past, Cruise ships, Ferries, Hovercraft, River and canal boats, Fly cruise. Future prospects.Unit – VTravel Agency and Tour Operations Business : Origin, Growth and development; Definition, Differentiation and linkages; Organisation and functions-Travel information counselling, Itinerary preparation, Reservation, Tour costing / pricing. Marketing of tour packages. Income sources.Airlines Ticketing : Operational perspectives of ticketing – ABC codes, Flight schedules, Flying time and MPM / TPM calculation, TIM ( Travel Information Mannual ) consultation. Routine and itinerary preparation, Types of fare, Fare calculation and rounding – up. Currency conversion and payment modes, Issuance of ticket.Cargo Handling : Baggage allowance, Free access baggage. Weight and piece concept. Accountability of lost baggage, Dangerous goods; Cargo rates and valuation charges, Automation and airport procedures.Requirements for setting – up travel agency and tour operations business, Approval from organisation and institutions concerned. Incentives available in Indian context. Constraints and limitations.Unit – VIMarketing : Core concepts in marketing; Needs, Wants, Demands, Products, markets. Marketing management philosophies-Production, Product, Selling, Marketing and societal perspectives. Economic importance of marketing.Tourism marketing : Service characteristics of tourism. Unique features of tourist demand and tourism product / Tourism marketing mix.Analysis and selection of market : Measuring and forecasting tourism demand; Forecasting methods, Managing capacity and demand. Market segmentation and positioning.Developing marketing environment, Consumer buying behaviour. Competitive differentiation and competitive marketing strategies, New product development, product life cycle, Customer satisfaction and related strategies in internal and external marketing; Interactive and relationship marketing.Planning Marketing Programs : Product and product strategies; Product line, Product mix, Branding and packaging. Pricing; considerations, Approaches and strategies. Distribution channels and strategies.Marketing of Tourism Services : Marketing of Airlines, Hotel, Resort, Travel Agencies and other tourism related services – Challenges and strategies.Marketing Skills for Tourism : Creativity – Communication – Self – motivation – Team Building – Personality Development.Unit – VIITourism Planning : Origin, Concept and approaches. Levels and types of tourism planning-Sectoral, Spatial, Integrated, Complex, Centralized and Decentralized. Product life cycle theories and their applicability in tourism planning, Urban and rural tourism planning.Tourism planning and policy perspectives; planning at national, state and regional levels. India's tourism policies.Tourism Planning Process : Objective setting, Background analysis, Detailed research and analysis, Synthesis, Goal setting and Plan formulation, Evaluation of tourism project-Project feasibility study; Plan implementation, Development and monitoring. Tourism master plan.Tourism impacts and need for sustainable tourism planning : Socio – cultural, Economic and physical, Tourism carrying capacity and environmental impact analysis ( EIA ).Business ethics and laws – their relevance and applicability in Travel and Tourism industry.Law and legislation relating to tourist entry, Stay, Departure, Passport, Visa and Health.Tourist safety and security, Preservation and conservation of heritage environment, Archaeological sites and wildlife.Unit – VIIIThe nature of field techniques; Field techniques and tourism and hotel business; Importance; and Limitations.Research : Meaning; Types; Trends; and challenges with special reference to tourism and hotel business. Guiding principles in selection of research problem.Research Methodology : Meaning; Procedural Guidelines; and Research design.Field Procedure for Data Collection and Analysis Techniques : Nature, sources of data, Techniques of data collection.Frequency Distribution : Meanings; Problems and considerations in construction numerical frequency distributions.Measures of Central tendency and variation. Correlation and regressions analysis. Probability and Probability Distributions :Probability : Meaning; Definition; and sample points and sample space, Events; Conditional probability; Bayes theorem and probability on large sample space.Probability Distributions : The binomial model; The poisson model; and Normal distribution.Sampling and Statistical Testing :Sampling and Sample Designs : Sampling and reasons for sampling; Theoretical basis of sampling; Basic concepts of sampling and types of sampling ( Random and Non-random sampling ). Central Limit theorem.Statistical Testing : Formulation and general procedure of testing of hypothesis, One – tail test and Two – tail test.Parametric and Non-Parametric Testing : Testing the Hypothesis : Comparison of two population means; Comparison of two population proportions; and Comparison of two population means and standard deviations. F – test, Student's distribution and Chi – square test.Unit – IXManagement : Concept, Nature, Process and functions. Management levels, Managerial skills and roles. The external environment, Social responsibilities and ethics.Planning : Nature, Purpose, Types 'and process. Management by objectives strategies and policies. Decision – making, Process, Tools and techniques. Decision – making models.Organising : Concept of organising and organisation. Line and staff, Authority and responsibility, Span of control, Delegation, Decentralization, Conflict and coordination, Organisational structure and design, Management of change. Innovation and organisation development.Directing : Communication-Process, Types, Barriers and principles of effective communication. Motivation – Theories and practices, Leadership – Concept, theories and styles.Controlling : Process, Methods and techniques. Managing international business.Information Systems : Automation of Manual System, Data Processing stages. Evolution from EDP to MIS.MIS : Introduction, Definition, Status, Framework of understanding and designing MIS.Computer Networking : Application of CRS ( Computerized Reservation Systems ) in travel trade and hospitality sector.Unit – XFinance : Meaning; Goals; Functions; Importance; and typologies of Finance – Role of financial management, Organisation goals; Environment; Forecasting and financial planning.Break – even analysis.Management of Current Assets :Working Capital Management : Meaning and characteristics of working capital; Financing current assets. Cash management, Receivables management and inventory management. Management of Fixed Assets; Importance of Capital Budgeting. Analytical Techniques – Non – discounted, Discounted Techniques.Financial Structures and Management of Earnings :Meaning, Difference between financial and capital structures. Determinants of Financial Structure. Financial leverage and effects of Financial Leverage on Net Income and Shareholders wealth.Financial leverage and financial planning. Break-even analysis for financial leverage. Dividend Policy, Significance of dividend policy and different types of dividend policies.TFCI : Tourism Finance Corporation of India ( TFCI ) – Aims, Objectives,]Organisation and Functions. Accounting : Preparation of Business Income Statement, Balance Sheet, Cash flow statement and Fund flow statement. Hotel Accounting.Image source: Google ImagesThank you for A2ANote: If anyone wants to coaching or mentoring of UGC/NTA NET, State SLET/SET (All States) then contact me on: [email protected] [email protected]

Depends on level of difficulty you feel wwith THE ISCAOnly benefit is u have an option to study any subject of ur interest instead of isca.....Dt idt will be same....Few topics in costing will change{some additions and few deletions}but you won't get pm in new syllabus n also sm has comparatively less questionsIf you are ok with isca better to continue with old ( clearing C A is important First )Changes in every subject is given belowPaper 1 : Financial Reporting ( Addition)Framework for Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards.Application of Indian Accounting Standards (Ind ASs) and Existing Accounting Standards on various accounting aspects with reference to-Separate financial statementsConsolidated financial statementsDisclosuresFinancial instrumentsSpecial transactionsUnderstanding of Industry Specific Accounting.Application of Guidance Notes issued by ICAI on various accounting aspects.Principles of Integrated Reporting.Note – If either a new Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) or Accounting Standard (AS),Announcements and Limited Revisions to Ind AS / AS are issued or the earlier one are withdrawn or new Ind AS / AS, Announcements and Limited Revisions to Ind AS / AS are issued in place of existing Ind AS / AS, Announcements and Limited Revisions to Ind AS / AS,the syllabus will accordingly include / exclude such new developments in the place of the existing ones with effect from the date to be notified.Paper 2: Strategic Financial ManagementAddition:Risk ManagementIdentification of types of Risk faced by an organisationEvaluation of Financial RisksValue at Risk (VAR)Evaluation of appropriate method for the identification and management of financial risk.Portfolio Management (Few Sub-Topics Added)Fixed Income PortfolioRisk Analysis of Investment in Distressed SecuritiesAlternative Investment Strategies in context of Portfolio ManagementCorporate Valuation and ReorganizationConceptual Framework of Valuation • Approaches/ Methods of Valuation(a) Assets Based Valuation Model(b) Earning Based Models(c) Cash Flow Based Models(d) Relative ValuationSteps involved in Relative ValuationEquity Valuation MultiplesEnterprise Valuation Multiple(e) Other Approaches to Value MeasurementEconomic Value Added (EVA)Market Value Added (MVA)Shareholder Value Analysis (SVA)(f) Arriving at Fair ValueIslamic Finance (Added)(a) Major difference between Islamic Finance and other forms of Finance(b) Concept of Riba(c) Major Islamic Financial InstrumentsDeletion:Lease FinancingBreak Even Lease RentalCross Border LeasingDividend DecisionFinancial Services in India – Transferred to Paper 6-AMutual Funds – Transferred to Paper 6-APaper 3: Advanced Auditing and Professional EthicsDeletion:Audit Strategy, Planning and ProgrammingAudit under CIS EnvironmentPaper 4 (Section A) : Company LawAddition:National Company Law Tribunal and Appellate TribunalSpecial CourtsMiscellaneous ProvisionsDeletion:Accounts & AuditDividendPaper 4 (Section B) : Other Economic LawsAdditionThe Banking Regulation Act, 1949: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934- Overview: Chapter III-C of the Act.The Intellectual Property Rights: Trademark and Patent Rights- Overview: covering trademark and patent rights.Trademark: Important definitions, procedure and effect of registration and other provisionsPatents Rights: Preliminary, Inventions not patentable, grant of Patents and rights conferred thereby and other provisions.Foreign Contribution Regulation Act, 2010: Overview: Definitions, Regulation of Foreign contribution and Miscellaneous provisions.Legislative framework on listing agreements: Clause 35 and 41 of the listing agreements required for the working of the listing companies.General Clauses Act, 1897: Overview: Important definitions and Applicability, Commencement, termination and computation of time, Powers conferred to be exercisable from time to time, Power to appoint include power to suspend or dismiss, Constructions of Notification, etc, issued under enactments, Power to issue, to include power to add to, amend, vary or rescind notifications, orders, rules, or bye-laws and other provisions.The Bankruptcy and Insolvency Code, 2015: Overview: Preliminary, Corporate insolvency resolution process, Liquidation process and other provisionsTo Be DiscussedThe Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996-Overview: General Provisions, Arbitration agreement, Tribunal, ConciliationThe Societies Registration Act, 1860: Overview: Formation of society by Memorandum of association and registration and other related provisions.The Indian Trust Act, 1882- Overview: Creation of Trusts, Duties and Liabilities, Certain obligations in the nature of trustsThe Co-operative Societies Act, 1912: Overview: Preliminary, Registration, Duties of Registered societies, Privileges and Miscellaneous provisionsDeletion:SEBI Act, 1992SCRA ActInterpretation of Statutes, Deed and DocumentsCA Final New Syllabus – Group 2 – 4 papersGroup – IIPaper 5 (Part A): Advanced Management AccountingAddition:Modern Business EnvironmentSupply Chain Management (SCM)Gain Sharing ArrangementsOutsourcingLean System and InnovationIntroduction to Lean System5 SsTotal Productive Maintenance (TPM)Cellular Manufacturing/ One-Piece Flow Production SystemsSix Sigma (SS)(B) Introduction to Process Innovation and Business Process Re-engineering (BPR)Cost and Management Accounting TechniquesValue Analysis/Value EngineeringPaper 6A : Financial Services and Capital Markets (New Paper)Indian Financial SystemFinancial MarketCapital MarketPrimary MarketSecondary MarketMoney Market InstrumentsEquity MarketDebt MarketCapital MarketNew Issue MarketRight IssueSecondary Market(a) Stock Market Operations(b) Indian Debt MarketCommodity MarketWhat are Commodity MarketsRole of Commodity MarketsCommodity Market in IndiaApplication of Derivative in CommoditiesGlobal Commodities ExchangesDerivatives Analysis and ValuationForward/ Future ContractOptionsSwapsMerchant BankingBasicsMeaningOrganizationScope of Merchant BankingFunctions of Merchant BankingMutual FundsMeaningEvolutionTypesPerformance MeasuresMutual Fund OrganisationAdvantages and Disadvantages of Mutual FundExchange Traded Funds (ETFs)Factoring and ForfaitingIntroduction and ConceptFactoring and Bill DiscountingMechanismService PackageTypes of FactoringBenefits and Problems of FactoringFinancial Aspects of FactoringFinancial Evaluation of Factoring DecisionForfaitingCredit RatingIntroductionRating ServicesObjectives and typesUsesCredit Rating ProcessCredit Rating MethodologyRating RevisionsCredit Rating Agencies in IndiaLimitationsSEBI and Credit RatingSecuritizationIntroductionConcept and DefinitionBenefits of SecuritizationParticipants in SecuritizationMechanism of SecuritizationProblems in SecuritizationSecuritization InstrumentsPricing of Securitization InstrumentsSecuritization in IndiaPrivate EquityMeaning and Classification(a) Venture Capital(b) Buyouts(c) Special CasesRisk and Cost of Investing in Private EquityExit RoutesValuation of Private Equity TransactionsPrivate Equity FundsInvestment BankingConceptFunctionsChallengesDevelopments in Investment BankingThe Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992RulesRegulationsGuidelines issued thereunderLegislative framework on listing agreementsThe Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956Chapter III-D of the RBI Act, 1934Paper 6B : Information Systems Control and AuditNo ChangesPaper 7 : Advanced Direct Tax Laws and International TaxationPart I: Advanced Direct Tax LawsNo ChangesPart II: International Taxation(1) International Taxation provisions under the Income-tax Act, 1961, including(v) Specific Reporting Regime in respect of Country by Country reporting and master file(vi) Tax incentives to International Financial Services Centre(2) Equalisation levy(3) Overview of Model Tax Conventions 4(4) Tax treaties: application and interpretation(5) Tax Information Exchange Agreements(6) Base Erosion and Profit Shifting(7) Law and Procedures under the Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) and Imposition of Tax Act, 2015.Paper 8 : ADVANCED INDIRECT TAX LAWSNo ChangesHOPE THIS IS HELPFUL ☺☺