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The dark past of SeaWorld? Oh yes, there is certainly a dark past to this industry that, surprisingly... and very conveniently for SeaWorld... doesn't seem to be in the public eye. Is this past surprising? It shouldn't be, After all, SeaWorld is a corporation. It's Big Business. It's about the almighty $. Yet, somehow, their bad behavior and discretion has been buried. In the days of industries like Big Tobacco, having to pay the price (you may have seen their "confession" recently, which was mandated by the government... admitting to secretly and deliberately designing cigarettes to maximize addiction), SeaWorld appears to have gotten a pass, with no apologies and no confessions. Well, I say it's time to shed a bit of light on this subject. The public is ready for it. Movies such as Free Willy have certainly helped get the ball rolling (although Hollywood doesn't get a pass on this either, as I will explain in a few minutes), and then we had "Blackfish", which really pulled back the curtain, for us to see. Yes, SeaWorld has done the right thing now. No more breeding of orcas in captivity. They want us to say "Great job! Thank you, SeaWorld!". And yes, we should say that. However... let's be clear that $ was the reason... not a sense of decency. Nevertheless... they have made the move to slowly eliminate the torture of innocent, highly intelligent and social orcas through lifetime imprisonment. They've finally done the right thing, their reasons, notwithstanding. We move forward to better times for our beautiful black and white giants of the sea.But... I'm not giving them a pass by continuing to leave their dubious past in darkness. We need to know more about this, so that future legislation and sneakiness does not cause a backslide. Allow me to shed this light with a little history of the incarcerations of cetaceans. I won't go back to ancient history, as it's somewhat irrelevant right now. We are all aware of man's penchant for capturing wild animals for our enjoyment. We've always done it, and will probably continue to do it. It's man's nature. So let's focus on the relatively recent times, beginning in the 19th century.Boston Aquarial Gardens in 1859 and pairs of Beluga Whales in Barnum's American Museum in New York City museum—dolphins were first kept for paid entertainment in the Marine Studios dolphinarium founded in 1938 in St. Augustine, Florida. It was here that it was discovered that dolphins could be trained to perform tricks. So, okay... that was the 1800's. Ignorance about dolphins and whales abounded. Curiosity was the reason we captured these bright animals. We learned a tremendous amount about them, despite the fact that this was the beginning of worse things to come for our seaborne friends. But... now we know better, so we must do better, right? That wasn't to be for quite a while yet. In the 1800's there were a few places that profited off these dolphinariums. It was a curiosity and people flocked to see them. This continued as a novelty for about a hundred years, on a fairly small scale. But then... and here it comes... Hollywood played their card and changed everything. As a matter of fact, it happened the year I was born. 1963. Out came a very popular movie titled Flipper! And because of the popularity of this movie, it wasn't long before dolphin dollars grew bright in the movie executive's eyes, and out came the TV series named Flipper. I grew up on Flipper! It was awesome! Flipper the dolphin was the star. Flipper was the aquatic equivalent of Lassie and Mr. Ed. Oh, how we delighted, laughed and clapped, watching Flipper the dolphin go through his weekly adventures, always helping his human friends, and doing his famous tail-walk across the water. There was even a very popular song that some of you may remember, to start the weekly program.They call him Flipper, Flipper, faster than lightning,No-one you see, is smarter than he,And we know Flipper, lives in a world full of wonder,Flying there-under, under the sea!Everyone loves the king of the sea,Ever so kind and gentle is he,Tricks he will do when children appear,And how they laugh when he's near!They call him Flipper, Flipper, faster than lightning,No-one you see, is smarter than he,And we know Flipper, lives in a world full of wonder,Flying there-under, under the sea!Yes, the Flipper theme song. We sang along. We marveled at how this fascinating fish... what? It's not a fish? Okay, whatever... We marveled at how the fish... err... animal... wait--what exactly is it, if it isn't a fish? Okay whatever... We marveled at how this fish was always smiling and laughing. Gosh, it would be great to work with this animal! So, there began the world's love of dolphins. Boy, that was one happy fish! Suddenly... dolphin dollars again lit up in the eyes of entrepreneurs across the country, and this is when the era of Dolphinariums... no, let's stick with Aquariums... began to take off! But to cash in on this craze, we need dolphins! Now the boat captains couldn't cast their nets quick enough, to capture dolphins for all the aquariums sprouting up all over the place. They couldn't shoot adult dolphins quick enough to capture the baby dolphins quick enough (those adults... they were really against being captured! We'll take em if we can get em, but if not... a rifle-shot will do, and then we can scoop up the young ones). A whole bunch of dolphins were taken by hook and by crook to fill the demand. Because... you know... Flipper! People would shell out the cash to see these remarkable animals in swimming pools. Kidnapped out of the deep blue sea, so we could watch them play volleyball with the trainers and splash us all that were brave enough to sit in the front row. Show time was fun time! What happened behind the scenes wasn't really known.But... it wasn't long before a few of us actually DID wonder how they got these animals to do all these tricks. And where did they come from? What kind of life did these animals live... in the ocean... and in the pools? Slowly, it started to become a social issue. Not a big one, but activists did begin to chip away at the social conscience. The inhumane way that these animals were captured… the murdering of entire pods and families in order to get one good one... yeah, some began to notice. In fact, these early activists did a pretty good job, under the circumstances. They did make a difference. Meanwhile, the giant among the public aquariums... SeaWorld, began to get nervous and angry. This was their main meal ticket! So they fought back. This went on for a while, and the activists made some progress, but eventually they hit the wall of corporate profits, and all the lawyers, and finally a compromise was reached. It wasn't completely satisfying for the animals rights people, but... it was something. They scored a major victory with the passing of the 1972 Marine Mammal Protection Act in the United States. This was big news! People... people who were ignorant to the real story, began to understand, and these aquarium acts began to suffer due to public opinion. Marine Mammal Protection Act had repercussions around the world as people's eyes were opened to the intelligence of these perpetually smiling creatures, as they learned that those weren't smiles of happiness. Dolphinariums and aquariums began to close all over the world. From many hundreds, we went to many dozens. But then it stopped. The many captured dolphins were released or killed, or the shows continued with less profits. This was the best that the activists could do, it seemed. People still loved to see them, but at least the worst of the collection methods were now made illegal. This made things very tough for places like Seaworld. They still needed dolphins, and... orcas! Orcas could be trained too! Namu taught us that, after being the first orca to be captured and sold for public display.So, before we go on, let's go back a bit and find out more about the introduction of orcas onto the stage and into the limelight. In fact, allow me to give you chronological history of capture events, for both orcas (Killer Whales) and dolphins, that occurred during this heyday of public aquariums, and what SeaWorld's and the other aquarium's involvement was all about:[1]1961, November ~ Marineland of the Pacific, south of Los Angeles, discovers a single orca feeding alone in nearby Newport Harbor. They corral the female Killer Whale, finally hoisting it onto a flatbed. When the orca is introduced into the tank, she smashes head-on into the wall. Frank Brocato, Marineland's head animal collector at the time, recalls: "We'd suspected the animal was in trouble because of its erratic behavior in the harbor...But the next day, she went crazy. She started swimming at high speed around the tank, striking her body repeatedly. Finally, she convulsed and died." The autopsy reveals she suffered from acute gastroenteritis and pneumonia.1962, September ~ Frank Brocato, Marineland's head animal collector, and his assistant, Boots Calandrino, bring their 40-foot collecting boat, the Geronimo, to Puget Sound, Washington, to search for another killer whale for the aquarium. After a month of searching, they found a mature male and female orca in Haro Strait, off San Juan Island. "The female, who seemed to be chasing something, headed straight for the boat. At that moment, Brocato saw a harbor porpoise cross the bow and skirt the ship...The porpoise was followed by the female orca, in hot pursuit." The two animals circled the boat, the little porpoise apparently using the boat as a shield. "'I reeled there was a good chance to use the lasso,' said Brocato, remembering he incident. 'So I put my partner out on the bowsprit and told him to watch for that porpoise... because the orca might be right behind it. And it was. He slipped on the lasso. We had her. But then everything started to go wrong.' The cow cut sharply and dived under the boat,...its last few turns caught the heavy nylon line and wound it around the propeller shaft, immobilizing the boat. ...The female ran the end of her 250-foot-long tether and surfaced at the edge of the mist. Then Brocato heard screaming high-pitched piercing cries coming from the female. ...the big male appeared out of the mist a few minutes later, and together, the two animals started swimming at great speed toward the boat. They charged several times, turning away only at the last instant but thumping the boat with a sound thwack of the flukes as they passed. ...Brocato grabbed his 375-magnum rifle and started shooting. He put one bullet into the male, who then disappeared. But it took 10 shots to kill the female. ... That night, Brocato towed the carcass to nearby Bellingham to have the animal weighed and measured. ...Brocato took the teeth as souvenirs, and the animal was rendered for dog food.1964 ~ Moby Doll, the first live orca exhibited in captivity. Harpooned as a sculptor's model, he survived for three months in a makeshift pen in Vancouver harbor. Vancouver Aquarium collectors had harpooned him off the coast of British Columbia.1965 ~ Namu is accidentally snared in a fisherman's gill net near Namu, British Columbia, Canada. Ted Griffin, the young owner of the Seattle Public Aquarium buys Namu for $8,000 cash. The bull killer whale is the first captive orca to perform for the public. Namu dies in July 1966 - 11 months later- due to an infection from polluted water in his pen.1966-early 1970s ~ Don Goldsberry and Ted Griffin develop a netting technique for capturing orcas in Puget Sound, selling the animals mostly to Sea World. By the early 1970s, Goldsberry has captured more than 200 orcas. About 30 were sent to various aquaria. The rest went to SeaWorld.1970 ~ Penn Cove, Washington, killer whale capture. 80 killer whales are corralled by the Seattle Public Aquarium's collectors. Several orcas die during the capture. Their bellies are slit and they are weighed down with steel chains. A few of these orcas wash ashore and cause public outcry against killer whale captures in Washington's waters.1970, August 8 ~ A four year-old killer whale named Tokitae was brutally taken from her mother in the Puget Sound and brought to the Miami Seaquarium where she was placed in a 35 foot wide tank and renamed 'Lolita." In the waters of the Puget Sound of Washington State, a pod of killer whales were attacked and rounded up by a group of killer whale herders, led by Ted Griffiths and Don Goldsberry. Using speedboats, an airplane and releasing explosives in the water, they forced the orcas into Penn Cove. The juvenile orcas were separated from their mothers, as the infants were prime candidates to be sold to aquariums, while the adult orcas were released and free to leave. However, the adult pod would not leave their offspring and refused to swim free, vocalizing human-like cries, until the last baby was pulled out of the water, never to return again. One adult and four infant orcas were killed during this capture. The industry, in an attempt to keep the orca deaths from the public, instructed the herders to slit open the bellies of the dead animals, fill them with rocks, and sink the creatures with anchors, hoping they would never be discovered. It is because of the large number of violent orcas captures by the marine park industry in Washington State waters, that an entire generation of orcas was eliminated, and as a result, this orca population is now considered an endangered species.One of the orca infants captured was a 4 year old named Tokitae, who was sold to the Miami Seaquarium. She arrived at the marine park on September 24, 1970, where she was renamed ‘Lolita’ and has lived there ever since. She performs tricks during her scheduled shows, and has done so for the past forty-six years. She lives in a small swimming pool.1976 ~ Washington State waters are closed to killer whale captures, in the aftermath of the notorious Budd Inlet killer whale capture of the same year. The whale roundup and capture was witnessed by Ralph Munro, an assistant to Washington State Governor Dan Evans. Munro happened to be sailing in Puget Sound at the time. He reports that SeaWorld's captors were using aircraft and explosives to herd and net the killer whales; a clear violation of the terms of their collection permit. When Washington State Governor Dan Evans learned of this, he sued SeaWorld. All of the killer whales were eventually released, and a Seattle district court ordered SeaWorld to give up its permit-granted right to collect killer whales off Washington. Washington State waters became an unofficial sanctuary for killer whales, and so far, no organization has ever again applied to capture killer whales from these waters.1976 ~ With Washington state waters off limits, SeaWorld turned to Iceland for its killer whale captures. After Puget Sound, SeaWorld did not want to be officially involved, but Don Goldsberry agreed to unofficially assist W.H. Dudok van Heel, zoological director of Holland's Dolfinarium Harderwijk, and Jon Kr. Gunnarsson, director of Saedyrasafnid, an aquarium near Reykjavik. During the fall herring season, they netted two young orcas, and airlifted them to Holland. One of these was forwarded to SeaWorld in San Diego after six months. The following October, the same consortium captured six orcas. In October 1978, Goldsberry and Gunnarson caught another five. In just two short years, SeaWorld had nine new killer whales, and at this point, reportedly dropped out of the picture.1976-1979 ~ According to Gunnarson, 21 Icelandic killer whales, mostly young ones, were sent to aquariums from 1976-79. Besides SeaWorld's nine, two each went to Dolfinarium Harderwijk, Marineland of France, Canada's Marineland, and Kamogawa SeaWorld in Japan. Single animals were sent to new aquariums in Hong Kong and Switzerland.1980 ~ Hardy Jones captures on film Japan's dolphin drive fishery. It is broadcast worldwide and international outrage brings an end to these drives for a few years.Mid-1980′s ~ The drive fisheries start up again, but with a new twist. The fishermen drive in false killer whales and dolphins as before, but now they set aside the most beautiful ones for sale to aquariums and to the U.S. Navy and then slaughter the rest.1989 ~ The last capture of killer whales in Iceland's waters (four orcas caught).1993 ~ Marine World Africa USA of California is challenged by animal protection groups over the park's import permit for false killer whales from Japan. They cite the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, which requires documentation that the marine mammal captures were humanely conducted. The National Marine Fisheries Service denies Marine World's import permit for Japanese-caught false killer whales because, in essence, the park violates the terms of its own import application, and had no observers present to document that the capture was humane. (Letter from NMFS Acting Administrator of Fisheries, Nancy Foster, to Michael D. Demetrios, President of Marine World Africa USA, dated May 7, 1993):"Your application described a seine-net capture method to collect animals swimming past the coastal bays and inlets of the Taiji area. ...The actual location of the capture (Iki Island) and the actual capture method (drive fishery) are not those described in your application. ...You ...also stated that no one associated with Marine World Africa USA was present during the capture of these animals" and thus don't "have the firsthand knowledge necessary to conclude that the capture operation was `humane' and conducted in a manner consistent with that described in your application."Many public aquaria and marine theme parks as well as the U.S. Navy had already acquired dolphins and false killer whales from Japan's drive fishery.July 16, 1993 ~ The movie "Free Willy" is released. Public awareness begins its most recent groundswell regarding the inhumanity of captive performing cetaceans.1996, October 17 ~ Futo, Japan"During October 1996 fishermen and others chased into Futo Fishing Port, on Shizuoka Prefecture's Izu Peninsula, over 200 bottlenose dolphins, a number over three times the allotted quota, and about 50 false killer whales, for which there was no quota at all, and began selling them to aquariums, in addition to slaughtering and butchering [them] for sale as meat. ...Ten aquariums in Shizuoka Prefecture and nearby prefectures were involved in this capture, but only six of those facilities actually received dolphins; ... The order in which aquariums chose dolphins on this occasion was apparently decided by drawing lots, ...the surrounded dolphins were of course in a state of panic, and gradually sustain more injuries in their quest for an escape route because they crash themselves into boat hulls and the wall, become entangled in nets, and scrape their underbellies on the rocky bottom in shallows. Dolphins also collide forcefully with one another as they flee about. ...Because many aquariums were involved, and because they all wanted uninjured females from 1.5 to 2 meters in length, those appearing to be the best were chased around the harbor many times. Owing to this repeated chasing and surrounding with nets, as well as the panic it caused, many dolphins were exhausted and sank to the harbor bottom." Because they had caught more than their permitted quota, the fishermen were required to release 100 of the bottlenose dolphins they had captured. On October 22 and 23, the Futo Branch of the Ito City Fishing Cooperative sold 26 bottlenose dolphins and six false killer whales to aquariums. The aquariums were forced to release these six false killer whales, as there had been no permit to capture them." (The above is from "A Report on the 1996 Dolphin-Catch- Quote Violation at Futo Fishing Harbor," by Sakae Hemmi,Elsa Nature Conservancy, Institute for Environmental Science and Culture.")February 7, 1997 ~ Taiji, JapanJapanese fishermen capture a pod of killer whales. In all, ten killer whales are rounded up and driven into the shallow water bays of Taiji. Five whales are taken to Japanese marine parks. To date, two of these killer whales have died, a female and her calf. Japanese and international animal groups continue to press for the release of the remaining three killer whales.July 16, 1997 ~ SeaWorld Inc. is issued public display import permit for one adult beluga whale from Vancouver Aquarium.August 14, 1997 ~ Dallas World Aquarium, Inc., has applied to import four Amazon River Dolphins from Venezuela, according to the Federal Register. However, it states: "The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) has included the species in the 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals under the category `vulnerable,' i.e., taxa believed likely to move into the endangered category in the near future if causal factors continue operating. population data concerning Inia geoffrensis in Venezuela is limited and the application states that no census has been taken of the subject wild population/stock. Therefore, NMFS has concerns about the status and conservation of the dolphins in the Orinoco river system and the potential impacts of the permanent removal of four sub-adults from this population/stock. Additionally, NMFS is concerned that holding this species in captivity may involved a significant risk to the health and welfare of the animals held. Historically, study results conclude that due to a number of factors this species has fared poorly in captivity in the United States, with an average longevity of 32.6 months for the 35 animals for which data was available." (Source: U.S. Federal Register, August 14, 1997)2013 ~ The movie "Blackfish" is released, enraging a new generation, regarding orca captivity.2013 ~ Some scientists suggest that the "unusually high" intelligence of dolphins means that they should be recognized as "non-human persons". In 2013, the Indian Ministry of Environment and Forests prohibited the captivity of dolphins on these grounds, finding it "morally unacceptable to keep them captive for entertainment purpose".2015 ~ The House of Commons of Canada passed Bill S-203, Ending the Captivity of Whales and Dolphins Act, and sent it to the Senate of Canada. Two facilities would be affected, Marineland of Canada and the Vancouver Aquarium. In 2018, Progressive Conservatives in the Senate were accused of using procedural obstruction to keep the bill from moving to a vote. In June 2018, such senators added amendments intended to exclude Marineland and the Vancouver Aquarium from being covered by the bill. After three years, the eventual outcome is not yet known in October 2018.That brings us up to the present, and the fight continues. SeaWorld has gotten on board, as public pressure was too intense and they were losing money. Ending the captive breeding of orcas will also be a tremendous blow to their profits, but it was the lesser of two evils, as far as potential profits were concerned.Meanwhile:[2]Lolita’s tank is the size of a hotel swimming pool. Lolita is the oldest living killer whale in captivity, in the smallest orca tank in the country.[2]It is now known that killer whales are incredibly intelligent, sentient and social creatures. Resident killer whales from the Pacific Northwest, which Lolita is classified as, stay with their mothers their entire lives. Lolita's mother, known as L25, is still alive today at approxinaltey 90 years old, and is photographed regularty by scientists and conservation organizations. Lolita currently lives alone with no other killer whale companions. When not performing in her show, Lolita floats listlessly in her tank. In the wild, killer whales swim hundreds of miles a day, diving as deep as 500 feet. In her tank, she swims in circles inside the 35 foot wide area and can only go as deep as 20 feet, in a small area in the center of the tank.For information on Lolita, her proposed release plan and how to get involved, please contact the Orca Network at:[email protected] Lolita | Raising Awareness for Lolita the OrcaIf you’re interested, there is a bit more information here: Stefan Pociask's answer to What animal would you ban from zoos?If nothing else, this all is proof that activism does work. Don’t be disheartened by slow progress. If nobody cared enough to join with the small voices, we would never hear them turn into big voices, and wonderful creatures like orcas, whales and dolphins would be in a far darker place with no hope for their future. Don’t be afraid to spread the word and get involved. It works.If you’d like to know how the movie star Flipper the dolphin died (her real name was Suzy), it’s right here. It would be hard to believe if it wasn’t coming right from the actual, and regretful, trainer who worked with her all those years: Dying to make us happy: The bloody truth behind the dolphinariumPLEASE RESHARE AND ASK OTHERS TO, AS WELL. VISIT THE LINKS. YOU REALLY CAN HELP.CITATIONS:[1] PBS Frontline Other Captive Orcas - Historical Chronology[2] Save Lolita | Raising Awareness for Lolita the Orca*** Feel free to contact SaveLolita.org to see how you can help.

In early March 1933, a man walked into the Hi-Way Cigar Store in Pismo Beach, California, and laid a huge clamshell on the counter. “Gimme a box of cigars,” he said. That day, the clam was paying. A clamshell used as scrip currency in 1933 shows the name of the shop issuing the currency, its value, and, on the inside, signatures of the people whose hands it passed through. (Clamshell Currency | Hakai Magazin History is full of examples of successful local initiatives aimed at providing exchange media, but the Great Depression of the 1930's saw this done on an unprecedented scale. There were literally hundreds of scrip issues that were put into circulation by a variety of agencies, including state governments, municipalities, school districts, clearing house associations, manufacturers, mer(more)

Sorry….I just find that hard to believe. First of all 80mph anywhere on Interstate 5 in Washington is near impossible even in a car due to congestion let alone an 18 wheeler. I 90 possibly. Everyday across the country somebody comes unglued and does something crazy in a car or truck. But a professional tractor operator would never risk a 20 over speeding ticket. That's an immediate shut down negligent driving you cannot get insured or drive for anybody in the future type of ticket. Most likely you will go to jail.Now if you did indeed witness this event could it have been a runaway truck? Maybe… but unlike Hollywood where someone cuts the brake lines and you run out of control, all tractors have air brake systems. If you cut the airlines the brakes will deploy. It takes air pressure to keep the brakes unlocked. That's why you hear that pop and air hiss when you are next to these big rigs. That is the check valve releasing excess air pressure because the engine has a gear driven air compressor supplying air pressure for the brakes, seating, horns, and pintle hitches.Just like you have a credit rating, CDL holders have a driving score. Low driving score? You will not get a job anywhere. You cannot get insurance. DWI? You are done driving professionally for 5 years. Blood alcohol level is .04 1/2 the limit for non CDL drivers in Washington State. Here is another one in Washington State… deadbeat dad or mom? Not paying your child support? Have bench warrant for back child support from any state in the USA? The Washington State Patrol will gladly shut you down and confiscate your license and take you into custody. Washington State, Oregon and California are notorious in the trucking industry for being tough states to go trucking in. Speed limits are strictly enforced. Radar is prevelant in Wash and Oregon. California and Oregon are 55mph and Washington is 60mph. Congestion is bad and as you are being paid by the mile it's hard to get a lot of miles.The Washington State Patrol has the highest standards in the country. These are some of the best troopers in the USA. Very elite and have the respect of all the State Patrols across the country.So my answer to your question is you must have seen an anomaly if you indeed personally witnessed this. WSP allows and responds to 911 aggressive driver complaints. But for god sakes don't make that call unless you are hands free because… hey… Washington State just passed a hands free zero tolerance distracted driving law. Talking on you cell phone gets you a the equivalent of a DUI. It is a driving while impaired violation. That alone for a truck driver is a career ending ticket. I am a CDL holder (but not wage earning driver anymore) and have a couple dozen sales guys, transport drivers, and technicians working on these trucks. They are skill tested annually, drug tested frequently and have all signed Company Rule sheets that dictate our company rules. Zero tolerance on phones, pot, drugs.Just one more item. About 90% of semi trucks belonging to a fleet of 10 or are governed to 62mph or less. It's a fuel issue. The owners of the truck cap their speed and RPM,s to keep costs down. So when you see 2 trucks side by side and you ask why can't that truck move out of my way faster. It's simple the driver would like to get it out of the way but he is govererned and if he is passing a truck doing 58mph he only has a 3 or 4 mph difference to complete the maneuver.Welcome to trucking. It is long hours low pay and everything in this country moves the final mile on a truck.