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A2AWhat was the creative process for famous historical figures?Nellie Bly’s (pseudonym) creative process seems in retrospect a lot like Nike’s well known commercial slogan: just do it.Bly was an investigative journalist when women weren’t encouraged to be investigative journalists. When there was no such thing as an “investigative journalist”. When women were told what to be and what not to be and how to be and not to be it a whole lot more overtly than now. When her blind pitch was turned down, Nellie accepted another idea for a story. And she went all in.As Bly said in her own words:"I was asked by the World if I could have myself committed to one of the asylums for the insane in New York, with a view to writing a plain and unvarnished narrative of the treatment of the patients therein."As one account describes:”In 1887, Nellie Bly stormed into the office of the New York World, one of the leading newspapers in the country. She expressed interest in writing a story on the immigrant experience in the United States. Although, the editor declined her story he challenged Bly to investigate one of New York’s most notorious mental hospitals. Bly not only accepted the challenge, she decided to feign mental illness to gain admission and expose how patients were treated. With this courageous and bold act Bly cemented her legacy as one of the foremost female journalists in history.”Elizabeth Jane Cochran (birth name) was first able to procure a role as a columnist in 1880 with an angry letter to the editor to the Pittsburgh Dispatch, pointing out inequities and stereotypes in how the paper depicted women. In particular she responded to an op-Ed by a weekly columnist named Erasmuth Wilson who wrote a column called“What Girls Are Good For.” The answer, according to him, was housework. It was unseemly and ugly for ladies to work, he wrote, describing working women as a "monstrosity."Nellie wrote a fiery response and signed it “Lonely Orphan Girl”. This got her the job she didn’t know she was auditioning for.She wrote about women’s issues and labor laws and the sexism in divorce laws. She convinced the paper to allow her to spend 6 months in Mexico as a special correspondent and was eventually ejected for exposing an issue of government corruption. When she returned the paper tried to limit her to writing about more traditional perceived women’s areas at the time such as fashion.So Nellie moved to New York City to make a pitch to write about immigration, which resolved as stated above in her assignment to get herself committed to an institution instead.When she left Pittsburgh, Nellie left a not very hesitant sounding note on the desk of the columnist (pen name “quiet observer”) who had originally inspired her to write to the paper there and launch her career in retaliation in the first place :“Dear Q.O.: I’m off to New York. Look out for me.— Bly “She was ready to do more.Nellie got herself committed by taking a room at a ladies boarding house and imitating the craziest people she spotted over the days leading up to her commitment. The proprietor soon called the police on her and she was transferred first to Bellevue and then to Blackwell Island. According to Bly her ambulance driver told her she’d never get out (not aware of her situation). She and her employer had no plan of how to arrange her release at that time.Bly wrote about what she saw firsthand.Bly painted a dire picture in which 16 doctors were assigned to the care of some 1,600 inmates. "Excepting two," she recorded, "I have never seen them pay any attention to the patients." She also questioned the judge's ability to pronounce a woman insane "by merely bidding her good morning and refusing to hear her pleas of release? Even the sick ones know it is useless to say anything for the answer will be that it is their imagination." She also reported on the cultural insensitivity and language barriers experienced by immigrant women who spoke little or no English and a host of hostile and abusive treatments, from mandatory cold baths to confinement in small, damp, vermin-infested, locked rooms.http://dlib.nyu.edu/undercover/sites/dlib.nyu.edu.undercover/files/documents/uploads/editors/Who-Is-This-Insane-Girl_NYSun_25Sept1887.pdfLink to Original document image of the Sun’s coverage of Bly’s commitment.The New York World eventually sent a lawyer to get Bly released. The story was a major success. It led to Bly’s recognition as a writer and even led to increased New York City municipal funding and new regulations improving the hospital for patients.Bly went on to do much more reporting. She would go around the world in 80 days - but in 72 days, she would report from the Eastern Front of WWI, and she would report on the women’s suffrage movement. She went undercover as a poor clinic patient and almost lost her tonsils. She went undercover as a factory worker. She visited seven different doctors and got seven different diagnoses and even more prescriptions.Nellie married a manufacturing magnate. When he died she retired from journalism to run his company.She had no experience at this.Nellie still accomplished some things like filing patents for new oil barrels. The business did go under, but in part because Nellie offered benefits that were shocking at the timeAs an employer, Bly embodies all the principles she had championed in her stories. She paid her workers fairly and offered them access to gymnasiums, libraries, and healthcare. This was unheard of.Bly spent the remainder of her life back in the newsroom until she died of pneumonia at age 58.As PBS states regarding her work:she was the pioneering, if not the very first, American investigative journalist.As a Mentalfloss article describes herShe wasn’t the first woman of her time to join a newsroom, but she was certainly the most ferocious.An image of Nellie Bly I found on Google and actually like as opposed to the irritated looking close up that is more ubiquitousNellie BlyHow Nellie Bly went undercover to expose abuse of the mentally illRemembering Nellie Bly, Rabblerouser and Pioneer of Investigative JournalismNellie Bly of The New York WorldNellie Bly | American journalist

I was born and raised in the city of Schenectady, not Rotterdamn, so I may be a little better qualified to answer this question. Rotterdam is very close to the city of Schenectady, it boarders it but it isn’t the city. People in Rotterdamn were, traditionally, better off financially, and tended to look down upon “city” people. There are 7 different “sections” of Schenectady. Bellevue, Mont Pleasant, Hamilton Hill, The Stockade, Downtown, Uptown/Central Park area, and Woodlawn. Children of all of these sections will eventually go to Schenectady High School. Mont Pleasant Middle School, Central Park and Oneida are the three middle schools, and there are a bunch of elementary schools. Which section you live in will determine which middle and elementary school your child goes to. I grew up in Bellevue, and I went to Mont Pleasant Middle School. Schenectady Community College (SCCC) and Union College are the universities in Schenectady. SCCC has one of the best Culinary Arts Programs in the country, and partners with Ellis Hospital for nursing. It’s other degree programs are pretty good as well.Schenectady is not NYC, but it is a city in New York. It’s residents are sometimes rude, pushy, obnoxious, grimy, violent, and aggressive , but we can also be generous, kind, polite, fair, and dignified. Every city has violence, and crime, and I’m sorry dude but EVERY city in the state of New York has road rage. We can’t stand people that don’t know how to drive. If you suck at driving please don’t try to do so here. Unless getting cursed out (at some point) is your thing… Schenectady is mixed demographically, but it has more White and Black people than any of the other races.As far as living in Schenectady goes… Eh… personally I think it’s boring. The Stockade has a bunch of old buildings and has a cool historical feel to it. Woodlawn is close to Albany county, Bellevue is close to Rotterdamn and the Mall with an aquarium and movie theater, Downtown now has the Casino, Proctors, Bow Tie cinema, and some shopping, and Central Park has a duck pond, basketball courts, a large pavilion area, and a playground. The taxes are higher than they should be, and rent prices are now COMPLETELY ridiculous since we elected that Einstein of a mayor who decided that instead of offering the foreclosed homes sitting on the city’s tax role to Schenectady residents who would live in them and create a pride of ownership situation in our neighborhoods he decided he would offer them to Ghianes (I KNOW I spelled that incorrectly) people that he bused up here from the city thereby raising our rent prices and giving us a bunch of slumlords. There is an efficient public transportation system for people that live here and work in Schenectady, Albany, or Troy. Every one of the 7 areas has a myriad of take-out, eat-in, and delivery options for dining. There is Ellis Hospital, A planned Parenthood, Walmart’s, Price Choppers, Hannaford, Rollerskating rinks, bowling alleys, bars, a good sized library, one or two museums, and several cab companies.In conclusion, I will say that Schenectady is the best city in the tri-city region. I, like most people born and raised here, both love and hate Schenectady. Personally I can’t wait to get out of here, but I guess, for outsiders, there are definitely worse places to live.

Ah, this is interesting. I think this answer cannot be just brute IQ comparison but also based on outcomes.I have already written on these two epoch changing dictators in the past, so please go through that for the background-Shrinivas S's answer to Was Hitler's Nazi party left-wing or right-wing?Shrinivas S's answer to Can you say that Adolf Hitler had a major role in Indian Independence?Shrinivas S's answer to Does India needs leader like joseph Stalin?Shrinivas S's answer to What were the main factors that contributed to Hitler’s rise to power in January 1933?Shrinivas S's answer to How did Hitler govern Germany while he was in power?Shrinivas S's answer to Was Stalin antisemitic?Shrinivas S's answer to Who is the best orator: Hitler, Stalin, Churchill or Gandhi?Shrinivas S's answer to What did Hitler and Stalin think of each other?Hitler and Stalin were the epoch defining figures of the 20th century and had more in common with each other than many people realise. If Hitler was the irresistible force, then Stalin was the immovable object.(Mustache like that wards off enemies and keeps allies in check, it will ensure the future is mine.)(Mustache like that makes assassins lose every time but increases depression and suicide chances, i will ensure that this syle gets banned)The Americans on the collapse of Nazi Germany in their kangaroo courts decided to hang the Nazis and deliver victor’s justice, however this the right of every victor and had the end been different, Stalin and Churchill would be hanged in mock trials.The Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Test was adapted from English and given in German, and at the time, it was one of the most widely used IQ tests available. Scores of 65 or less were classified as “defective,” between 80 and 119 as normal, and 128 and above was “very superior.” Only about 2.2 percent of the population scored in that range. The average of all the Nazis tested was 128. This means that they were a lot above from the average human IQ. Here are the results for all 21 Nazis tested:1 Hjalmar Schacht 1432 Arthur Seyss-Inquart 1413 Hermann Goering 1384 Karl Doenitz 1385 Franz von Papen 1346 Eric Raeder 1347 Dr. Hans Frank 1308 Hans Fritsche 1309 Baldur von Schirach 13010 Joachim von Ribbentrop 12911 Wilhelm Keitel 12912 Albert Speer 12813 Alfred Jodl 12714 Alfred Rosenberg 12715 Constantin von Neurath 12516 Walther Funk 12417 Wilhelm Frick 12418 Rudolf Hess 12019 Fritz Sauckel 11820 Ernst Kaltenbrunner 11321 Julius Streicher 106That list is also more or less inline (though not totally) with the power structure of the Nazi regime. So, to call the Nazis as stupid or imbeciles is being childish, the two greatest leaders of Nazi Germany were of-course Adolf Hitler and Reinhardt Heydrich, i am sure both would have scored 140 at-least, between Karl Doenitz and Hjalmar Schacht or maybe even a bit higher. - At the Nuremberg trials several Nazi leaders achieved genius-level scores on an IQ test. Highest result was 143!On top of this Hitler was supposed to have a very good “Facial Recognition” (Visual) memory and could recollect places, book extracts, art gallery paintings, architecture, people etc within a few seconds even after the incident was a decade or older. This despite meeting tens of people daily during his political life. So, obviously Hitler was a very intelligent person who from 1943 became progressively retarded (to some extent) due to excess drugs fed to him by his doctors, he did have a tendency to be lazy and thus let his regime “drift” instead of strictly guiding it.Hitler started with aims to establish a 1000 year Reich in Europe under German leadership and the end (for a myriad variety of reasons) was a total ruin.Stalin and Hitler both rose from extremely poor and poor conditions, both had loving mothers and abusive drunk fathers. Their fathers beat them black and blue. Hitler lost one testicle in childhood or in WW1, Stalin lost use of 1 arm in childhood either due to an accident or due to his father trashing him terribly bad. (Both versions exist and the debate hasn't been settled). Both were slated to become Christian priests and became atheist dictators.To paraphrase Nietzsche - “Their countries had killed God and had made them into their new God's".This is what is ubermensch and this is the future of man if he is hellbent on destroying the old world and the old gods forever.Stalin unlike Hitler was a much more hardworking person, with an Eidetic memory but with lesser IQ than Hitler but even more megalomania and ruthlessness.Stalin taught himself - German, a bit of French, some English, other than Russian and his native Georgian, when he died he left the largest personal library in history, over 25000 books, journals, etc were in his library. He was certainly by his death the most well read man and widely read man from history to philosophy to dialectical materialism, Marxist dogma & polemics, poetry etc in his list.Like Hitler he recollected faces but also names, he had made his mark by robbing banks and by being the organisation man and not worked his way up using organisation, by being a “backroom backstabber” and not by charisma and oratory. This made him work that much harder. 18 hours days were common and he retired to bed with books each night.His vision was to establish a worldwide communism (despite opposition to Trotsky on exactly the same grounds).He had built up a huge army of over 5 million troops, 20000 tanks, 20000 planes, 25000 artillery guns, 100000 paratroopers and in 1941 was perhaps on the verge of conquest when Hitler upstaged him and upset his well laid out plans.Nevertheless by his death, Soviet Union with its puppets spanned from Korea to Germany and was the greatest superpower in the world, a job done even if half done.Summary - on sheer IQ Hitler scored higher, on oratory and personal charisma too. On organisation matters, hard work, attention to detail Stalin far outstripped Hitler. In terms of final results Stalin won, Hitler lost. Stalin thus is smarter. It's not only IQ but also hardworking nature, attention to detail, relentless pounding, ruthlessness which is essential for victory.Stalin rose to power as a clerk (general secretary of the communist party), someone who was always underestimated by all his rivals, he outlived all of them. He outsmarted all of them, the internal ones and external ones.