Chapter 4 Excel: Fill & Download for Free

Note: This is a work of love. All errors and omissions are regretted. I will keep improving this with time - please feel free to suggest edits and changes if any.When Shahenshah Jahangir (Shehzada Salim of Mughal-e-Azam fame), the 4th Mughal Emperor of India was asked on his death bed about his one cherished desire, he reportedly had said, and I quote:Kashmir, only Kashmir[1][1][1][1].A lot of people have suffered and died for Kashmir and a whole lot more, because of it.Today, for an average Pakistani, Kashmir is an unfinished dream of Jinnah. For an average Indian, Kashmir is an inalienable part of the Indian Union. For many westerners, Kashmir is the most dangerous place in the world, and for a Kashmiri - it is home.The K word, as it is known in the South Asian diplomatic circles, is the favorite whipping horse of the keyboard warriors on both sides of the Radcliffe line (Me too, guilty as charged). A newer entrant to this online war of righteousness are the Kashmiris themselves.Most of us, firing ridicule, allegations and taunts at each other, only have a partial perspective of the history of Kashmir - which we obviously experience through a colored prism of our own nationality, religion and at times political preferences.————————————-The 7 Wrongs of Kashmir.The short history of Kashmir’s tragedy is as follows - Really, really long time ago, a bunch of folks settle down in the beautiful valley of Kashmir. It is a nice place, and they grow in number. They are ruled by a series of kings for 4444 years, becoming a centre for both Hinduism and Buddhism. Kashmiris spread Buddhism in Tibet, Afghanistan, Parts of ancient China and Shaivism in Southern India.Then, Islam arrives in Kashmir, initially in the form of refugees from Swat and Sufi Mystics from Central Asia - The Sufis co-germinate with the Kashmiri Shaivism to give birth to the Rishi order and Kashmiriyat - Kashmir reaches the peak of its political power during the Karkota Dynasty.After the fall of the Karkota and Lohar dynasty - the local folks see 3 rounds of religious persecution and forced conversion from Hinduism to Islam - especially under Sikandar Butshikan (Shah Mir Dynasty), Aurangzeb Alamgir (Mughal Dynasty) and Abdul Khan (Durrani Dynasty), which turn Kashmir into a Muslim majority area by around 1400 AD.Then the same local folks, who had converted to Islam because of persecution - are now persecuted again for 2 more rounds, this time for being Muslims - First by the Sikh Rulers, and then by the Dogra Kings.After the Dogras, India and Pakistan take over and we see the 6th round of persecution in Kashmir - this time the culprits are Kashmiris themselves. Those who had converted to Islam and were now in majority - persecute those who hadn’t converted like them - the unique triad of oppression is finally complete.What’s going on right now is the 7th round of persecution which is the most secular so far, since Kashmiris of every religious identity feels victimised this time - There are fingers pointed everywhere and the jury is still out.In the timeless words of The Shakespeare of Urdu, Agha Hashar Kashmiri:Ek dhundlā sā tasavvur hai ki dil bhī thā yahāñ[2][2][2][2],Ab to siine meñ faqat ik Tiis sī paatā huuñ maiñ.Loose Translation:Where the heart used to beat, I faintly remember,Now dwells a pain, a yearn and some nostalgia.We are all guilty of justifying one wrong with another. We have all been oppressed - we’ve all been oppressors.And thus, without further ado, for all us oppressors out here, here’s presenting the detailed timeline, of the History of Kashmir. Use it - Abuse it - Do what you like :)The dates and facts are sourced from Professor P N Dhar, Kalhana, son of Canpaka, the author of Rajatarangini and his Firang Translator, Sir Mark Aurel Stein. I have also quoted media resources from both India, Pakistan, Britain and United Nations, and tried my best to remain neutral. For those, who may wonder, what the heck are Mahabharata characters doing here - well, just because some people star in an epic does not mean they aren’t historic characters :)CHAPTER 1: The beginning and the start of an end.—————————————The first 4444 years3120–16 BC: Gonanda I, cousin of Jarasandha, king of Magadh rules over Kashmir. His reign lasts for 17 years and is assassinated by Balabhadra, the brother of Krishna.3103 BC: Damodara Dynasty, consisting of Damodara I, his wife, Yashovanti and Son Damodara II rule over Kashmir for 80 years. Damodara I is killed by Krishna. Damodara II is assassinated by Parikshit, grandson of Arjuna of Mahabharat fame and the ruler of Hastinapur. Damodara II’s Prime Minister Harnadeva, a relative of Parikshit, takes over as the King of Kashmir.3083 BC: King Harnadeva starts the Pandava dynasty which rules over Kashmir for the next 1331 years.1752 BC: A reign of 8 successive and mostly unrelated rulers over Kashmir, which lasts for a total of 305 years. The Kings of Kashmir during this time are, Luv, Kush, Khagendra, Surendra, Godhara, Suvarna, Janaka, and finally Sachinara, who was Shakuni’s (of Mahabharat fame) great great grandson.1448 BC: Asoka or Dharmasoka of the Gonanda Dynasty takes over. He rules over Kashmir for 48 years. Asoka builds the grand city of Srinagar with ninety-six lakhs of houses, around the present day Dal Lake. The Gonanda dynasty rules till 272 BC, for a total of 1176 years and has a total of 35 kings. The last Gonanda king is Andha Yudhistira, who’s famous for having very small eyes.0500 BC: Kashmir was ruled by the monarchy of excellent horsemen, the Kambojas. Their capital was the city of Rajapura, which later became Rajouri. The same people, went on to create the Kamboja-Pala dynasty of Bengal in 10th and 11th century. They though aren’t mentioned in Rajatarangini Volumes and there is a debate among historians about the exact date and duration of their rule.0376 BC: The Shankaracharya temple of Srinagar is repaired by Gonanda King, Gopaditya. Point to note, Pandit Anand Kaul, the original temple was built by a Kashmiri Sovereign Sandiman, who reigned between 2629 to 2564 BC (cannot be verified). The temple was rechristened to its present name only after Shankaracharya visited around 9th Century AD. Also to note here, Sikandar Butshikan left this temple unharmed during his reign.0326 BC: King Abhisara, the sovereign of Poonch, Rajauri and Nowshera comes in contact of Alexander the Great during these times as per the Greek historians.0304 BC: Kashmir becomes a part of the Mauryan Empire under the Gonanda Kings, who accept the sovereignty of Chandragupta. Buddhism is introduced into the valley in a big way during this period. He is clearly a Junior sovereign to the Gonanda Kings.0272 BC: The Pratapaditya Dynasty takes over Kashmir. Rules till 80 BC, or 192 years. The Dynasty starts with King Pratapaditya, who is a relative of King Vikramaditya of Ujjain (The father of the Vikram Samvat calendar in India), and ends with King Sandhimati.0080 BC: Over the next 207 years, Kashmir is ruled by 10 Kings, starting from Meghavahana and ending with Lakshmana in 127–131 AD.0001 AD: Kashmir has by now become one of the most important centres of Hinduism and Buddhism with countless stupas, mathas and temples built around the valley.0127 AD: Kashmir is conquered by Kanishka I, and becomes a part of the Kushan Dynasty empire. A staunch Buddhist, Kanishka holds the 4th Buddhist council of his empire in Kashmir. It was during this very council, that Buddhism was divided into two sects, the Hinayana and the Mahayana.0400 AD: Around this time, Kashmiri Buddhist Missionaries started spreading Buddhism in Tibet and China. There was a regular stream of Tibetan and Chinese pilgrims during this time, visiting Kashmir. Buddhist Monk Kumārajīva, who influenced the Chinese emperor Yao Xing, during this period, and translated the Lotus Sutra and the Diamond Sutra among others, was also of Kashmiri Origin.0520 AD: Around this time, Kashmir was ruled by Mihirakula, a central asian conqueror for a short period, before getting defeated by Yashodharman in Malwa.0570 AD: Muḥammad ibn `Abdullāh, Prophet of Islam (PBUH) is born in Mecca in present day Saudi Arabia[3][3][3][3].———————When Kashmiris Rules over UP & Bihar0625 AD: The Karkota Empire of Kashmir was established by King Durlabhvardhana. The Empire ruled over Kashmir for 260 years and captured part of Central Asia, Afghanistan and Punjab, becoming the first Kashmiri Kingdom to have influence beyond the Himalayas. They had their capital in modern day Paraspore (Parihaspur) in Kashmir and were the financiers of the spectacular Martanda Surya Temple.0724 AD: Lalitaditya Muktapida, the most powerful Kashmiri sovereign ever, started his 36 year long and prosperous reign. His was a time, when most of modern day UP, Uttarakhand and Bihar, paid taxes to a Kashmiri King. Just to give you an idea of his badassery, here is the map of his empire:0875 AD: The author of Shiva Sutra, Vasugupta was born. He went on to become one of the most influential Indian poets of Sanskrit. His book, laid the foundation of the monistic Shaiva system called Kashmir Shaivism.0850 AD: Shaivism Tradition or Trika School of Sanatana Dharma is born in Kashmir around this time, thanks to the teachings of Vasugupta. Trika refers to the 3 goddesses Parā, Parāparā and Aparā.0950 AD: Abhinavagupta was born in Kashmir, He was a famous philosopher, mystic, aesthetician, musician, poet, dramatist, theologian, and logician of Trika and Kaula, who renewed the Teachings of Vasugupta, his teachings influenced the Shaivism in Southern India. Kashmir Shaivism was adopted by the common masses of Kashmir during this period.0997 AD: Kashmir was ruled by Queen Didda - who had her maternal ancestry in the Hindu Shahi of Kabul, Afghanistan. She was the daughter of Simharāja, a smaller Lohara King. She married to the then king of Kashmir, Kshemgupta, and ruled after the death of the King since her son was very young to rule.1003 AD: Kashmir came into the hands of the Lohara Dynasty, which ruled over Kashmir for 317 years. The capital of the dynasty was in Loharkot Fort, which was unsuccessfully attacked twice by the Mahmood of Ghaznawi. The Last Ruler of this dynasty was King Suhadeva.————————————Introduction to Sufism.1310 AD: Estimated year when sufi mystic, Hazrat Bulbul Shah of Iran entered Kashmir along with a few of his disciples. He had an impressive charisma and knowledge and was respected by Kashmiris of all faiths. He built a monastery in Kashmir.1313 AD: Shah Mir, an Irani Sunni Muslim refugee came to the Kashmir Valley from Swat, along with his family. He was one of the first muslims to set foot in the valley. He was tactful, able and was welcomed by the then King Suhadev of Kashmir, who later appointed him as one of his ministers.Shah Mir would go on to start the first muslim dynasty, that ruled over Kashmir for 20 generations and 222 years.CHAPTER 2: The first round of Kashmiri oppression.—————————————-The Refugee King.1320 AD: A Ladakhi Buddhist Prince, Rinchen took the throne of Kashmir and Mystic Shaivite Yogini Poet, Lalleshwari or Lal Aarifa, or Lal Ded was born. She became the primary source of influence for Nund Rishi, Sheikh Noor-ud-din Wali - The Patron Saint of Kashmir.Rinchen unsuccessfully revolted against his uncle, the Sovereign of Ladakh, and had to flee to Kashmir. He was made a minister in the court of Raja Suhadeva, which also had Shah Mir, as a minister. Raja Suhadeva was later defeated by the Mongols and his Commander-in-Chief, Ramchandra took over the reigns, making Rinchen his chief administrator - Rinchen assassinated Ramchandra and became the king himself.Rinchen married slain Ramchandra’s widowed daughter, Kota Rani, made Shah Mir as his chief advisor. Rinchen wanted to convert to Hinduism, but was denied. He later converted to Islam along with 10,000 of his men (first major conversion in Kashmir) on the direction of Irani sufi mystic, Hazrat Bulbul Shah, also known as the Bulbul-e-Kashmir. Rinchen adopted the title of Sultan Sadruddin Shah.He built the first ever Mosque in Kashmir, on the ruins of a Buddhist temple (the Bud Masjid).1323 AD: Richen or Sultan Sadruddin Shah, succumbed to injuries during an attack by rebels. Kota Rani, his wife, decided to marry, Udayanadeva, the brother of Suhadeva. Though Udayanadeva became the King, it was Kota Rani who actually wielded the real power. She was known to be intelligent, shrewd, brave and a real badass.She built a canal to save Srinagar from frequent flooding, which is still functional and still bears her name - Kute Kol.During her (proxy) reign, Kashmir was attacked by a Mongol Army led by Achalla. While the attack made King Udayanadeva flee to Tibet, Kota Rani faced the attackers head on and killed Achalla, making the other attackers run away.She was finally dethroned, by her trusted lieutenant Shah Mir who organised an internal uprising against her. When she found herself helpless with Shah Mir offering a proposal of marriage, she stabbed herself to death in modern day Sambhal in Kashmir, clearing the path of the Shah Mir Dynasty which ruled Kashmir for 222 years.1334 AD: Approximate year, when sufi mystic, Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani or Shah Hamdan entered Kashmir. Born in modern day Iran, he is attributed to have played a major role in the spread of Islam in Kashmir. He was one of the major influencers of Shaivite Mystic Lal Ded or Lalleshwari, who was just 6 years younger to him.—————222 years of the Shah Mir Dynasty & the rise of Islam1339 AD: Shah Mir, a descendant of persian immigrants of the Swat valley, and the Chief Advisor to the King Richen (Sultan Sadruddin Shah), took over the throne after the king succumbed to his injuries while fighting Mongols. He tried marrying Kota Rani, but she committed a suicide. Shah Mir thus became the first muslim ruler of Kashmir, starting the Shah Mir Dynasty. He ruled for 3 years and 5 months.1377 AD: Nund Rishi or Sheikh Noor ud-Din Wali, the founder of the Rishi Order of Kashmiri sufi tradition was born in present day Kulgam district. According to the legend, on the 3rd day of his birth, Yogini Lalleshwari or Lal Ded, had suckled him milk, opening his fast since birth.He is known as the Patron Saint of Kashmir and the father of Kashmiriyat. He preached communal harmony, non-violence, vegetarianism and tolerance to the people.In 1995, his final resting place, Charar-e-Sharif, was gutted in a fire started by Mast Gul , a terrorist trying to escape[4][4][4][4]from the security forces. The whole town and the shrine was re-built with the help of a grant by the government of India.1389 AD: Sikandar Shah Mir better known as Sikandar Butshikan[5][5][5][5] became the 6th Sultan of Kashmir. His reign of 24 years saw a blood soaked effort to convert the majority population of Kashmir, from Hinduism to Islam. By his order, many old Hindu and Buddhist temples were desecrated and burnt, Hindus were prohibited from praying, putting a tilak, sounding a temple bell, blowing of conch shell, celebrating festivals and even cremating their dead. A heavy Jizya tax was imposed on non muslims and they were treated as second class citizens. A large number of Hindus were forcibly converted during his reign. Many were forced to leave their homes and flee. The grand Martand Surya Temple was desecrated on his orders.By the end of his rule - Kashmir became a Muslim Majority state for the first time in History.—————————-The reign of Bud Shah, the wise1418 AD: The Bud Shah or Zain-ul-Abidin started his reign as the 8th Sultan of the Shah Mir Dynasty in Kashmir. Though he was a muslim ruler, he abolished the Jizya tax on the Hindu Majority of Kashmir, and banned cow slaughter. He was a scholar of Persian, Tibetan and Sanskrit, and ordered the translation of Mahabharata into Persian for the first time.He tried to call the Kashmiri Hindus back to the valley. He also invited artists and craftsmen from modern day Iran to train the locals in the art of Carpet Making, and Wood Carving among other things.1557 AD: Sultan Habib Shah, the 20th and final Sultan of the Shah Mir Dynasty, took over the throne.—————————————The Mughal Affair1586 AD: Mughal rule started in Kashmir with Akbar’s conquest of the Kashmir Valley. Zille Ilahi visited Kashmir himself in 1589. The Mughals were in love with Kashmir. They built many gardens and monuments across the valley.1658 AD: Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb came to power and took a special interest in Kashmir. The Jizya Tax, Persecution of Hindus and Mass conversions to Islam restarted. This became, what was later known as the 2nd Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus from the Valley. Kashmiri Pandits went to Guru Teg Bahadur for help. For more details, please read this: The story of Aurangzeb Alamgir and the Kashmiri Pandits.1698 AD: Aurangzeb found out about a rich Kashmiri trader by the name Nur-ud-Din Eshai, who had bought a relic (a strand of hair) belonging to prophet Muhammad from an ancestor, living in Bijapur. He ordered the seizing of the relic - which was sent to Ajmer Dargah, while Nur-ud-Din Eshai, was sent to the prison. By the time he came around to a realisation, that he had made a mistake, Noor-ud-Din had died in the prison.1700 AD: A repentant Aurangzeb arranged for the Body of Nur-ud-Din Eshai to be sent to Srinagar, along with the relic of Prophet Mohammad. Nur-Ud-Din’s daughter, Inayat Begam, became the first custodian of the relic, which was kept in a large and beautiful shrine on the banks of the Dal Lake - The Shrine came to be known as Hazratbal.This holy shrine, a few hundred years later, in 1963–67, saw the first ever Anti India demonstration in Kashmir. More details, later in the timeline.Extra: I would like to recommend a visit to Hazaratbal for everyone who goes to Srinagar, this place is beyond words.1753 AD: The Afghan Durranis started their rule over Kashmir when Abdul Khan Isk Aquasi, a general in Ahmed Shah Abdali’s army conquered Kashmir. This started the 3rd round of oppression against the Hindus in Kashmir, where, this time, many were turned into slaves by the Afghan rulers. The Durrani’s rule in Kashmir lasted for 69 years when they were routed by Maharaja Ranjit Singh.CHAPTER 3: The second round of Kashmiri oppression.——————————The 75 lakhs of Gulab Singh Dogra1792 AD: Gulab Singh Dogra, an awesome fighter and the founder of the Dogra Dynasty was born.1819 AD: Maharaja Ranjit Singh started his rule over Kashmir. The Sikhs removed the oppressive Jizya Tax. Imposed death sentence for cow slaughter. Closed down the Jama Masjid in Srinagar and banned the Azaan in all mosques.1820 AD: Maharaja Ranjit Singh gave away the fief of Jammu to Kishore Singh Dogra, the father of 28 year old Gulab Singh Dogra in appreciation of Gulab’s fighting skills.1820 AD: Adding further to the family jewels, Gulab Singh Dogra captured Rajouri and Kishtwar into his fief as well. Gulab Singh also helped capture Ladakh and Baltistan for the Lahore Gaddi.1832 AD: Kashmir faced the first recorded famine in its history. The Taxed were halved, and loans were offered to farmers. Kashmir soon bounced back, becoming the 2nd largest source of revenues for the Lahore Gaddi.1839 AD: Maharaja Ranjit Singh died and the Lahore Gaddi became weaker.1842 AD: After a brief war between the Sikh forces of the Lahore Gaddi and the Chinese, both sign a treaty in September which gave away Aksai Chin to China, while the Sikhs retained Ladakh. This treaty was later inherited by the British and the status quo remained maintained till the Independence of India.1843 AD: One of the most famous Kashmiri Sufi Poets of the Qadiriyya silsila, Shams Faqir was born.1845 AD: The First Anglo Sikh War Started - Let’s just say, the Dogras, abstained from giving their 100% this time.1846 AD: Britishers defeated the Sikhs, demanded a repatriation of Rs. 1.5 Crores from the Sikh rulers, with an additional sum of Rs 60 Lakhs payable immediately, as reparations for the cost of the war. The Lahore Gaddi, paid Rs. 50 Lakhs in cash and ceded the territories of Hazara and Kashmir for a sum of 1 crore. The British further sold Kashmir to Gulab Singh Dogra, the Raja of Jammu, for a sum of Rs. 75 Lakhs as per the Treaty of Amritsar. This is how the Princely State of Jammu & Kashmir came together for the first time with Gulab Singh Dogra becoming the Raja of Jammu & Kashmir.1857 AD: During the first war of Indian Independence, Raja Gulab Singh Dogra chose to side with the British and gave refuge to many britishers fleeing the rebels. He also provided troops to quell the Indian rebellion. Soon, Gulab Singh was succeeded to the Dogra throne by his son, Ranbir Singh Dogra who added the Hunza valley, Gilgit and Nagar to the Kingdom.1890 AD: The Kashmiris, who had converted from Hinduism to Islam for the fear of persecution, became persecuted for their religion again under the Dogra Kings. They faced heavy taxation and discrimination, leading to many deciding to leave Kashmir, and settle in Punjab.1907 AD: Swami Lakshman Joo or Lal Sahib, a mystic and scholar of Kashmir Shaivism or Trika was born in Srinagar.1925 AD: Raja Hari Singh Dogra, the grandson of Raja Ranbir Singh Dogra, and the alumni of Mayo College Ajmer, ascended to the throne of Kashmir. He made primary education compulsory and banned child marriages. He was friends with Kashmiri Leader Sheikh Abdullah and disliked Jawahar Lal, another Kashmiri, leading the Congress Party of India.1931 AD: A mass movement starts against the new Maharaja. The state forces nip the bud very quickly and with brute force.1934 AD: A set of reforms are introduced in response to the mass movement - Elections are held for a representative body of the Kashmiri People, called the Praja Sabha. Muslim Conference Party (Which is known as the National Conference Party today) won 14 of the 21 seats reserved for Muslims1941 AD: 71,667 Kashmiris join the British Indian Army to fight overseas in World War II. The recruitment exercise of the British Indian Army, has the blessings of the Maharaja.1944 AD: Muhammad Ali Jinnah visits Kashmir, tried to rally public support for Muslim Conference - a rival of National Conference.1946 AD: Sheikh Abdullah (Sher-e-Kashmir, father of Farooq Abdullah, grandfather of Omar Abdullah), the most popular Kashmiri leader of the time, starts the Quit Kashmir Movement against the Maharaja.13 June 1947 AD: At the Joint Defence Council meeting, Jinnah and Nehru disagree on the accession of princely states, Jinnah asserting that it was for the rulers to decide and Nehru insisting that it was for the people.11 July 1947 AD: Muhammad Ali Jinnah declares that if Kashmir opted for independence, Pakistan would have friendly relations with it. Liaquat Ali Khan endorses the position.1947 AD: India Gained Independence. Pakistan got independence as well. All princely states were free to either join one of the countries or remain independent. At this point in history, Jammu & Kashmir was a Muslim Majority state, with a Hindu sovereign - Kind of like an opposite of the super rich state of Hyderabad and Junagarh. The Maharaja of Kashmir, looking to remain independent, signs a standstill agreement with Muhammad Ali Jinnah, The Signing by Nehru remains pending. Hari Singh is hoping to buy some time.CHAPTER 4: An old bride and her new suitors.—————————The Longest India-Pakistan War, 194715th August 1947: Kashmir Signs the Standstill Agreement with Pakistan, promising not to attack and continue all the previous arrangements and help, till clarity is reached about the accession.9 September 1947: 3 weeks after signing the Standstill Agreement with Kashmir, Pakistan cuts off supplies of petrol, sugar, salt and kerosene and stops trade in timber, fruits, fur and carpets in violation of the agreement hoping to put some pressure on the Raja.1st October 1947: 45 days after signing the Standstill Agreement with Kashmir, Mohammad Ali Jinnah gives a call to the Tribes of Waziristan province, asking them to answer the holy call of liberating a muslim dominated region from the clutches of a non muslim usurper. About 20,000 attackers converge in Abbottabad. They are armed and divided into 10 batches, lead by “on-leave” Army officers from Pakistan.The Tribals wreck havoc in Kashmir. Raja’s forces are of no match. Within a few weeks, they reach the outskirts of Srinagar. The Raja Panics and writes to Lord Mountbatten, the governor General of India for help. Mountbatten suggests him to sign the instrument of accession before any help could arrive.26 October 1947, “Lieutenant-General His Highness Shriman Rajrajeshwar Maharajadhiraj Sri Sir Hari Singh Indar Mahindar Bahadur, Sipar-i-Sultanat, Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO”, signed the instrument of accession, agreeing to accede to the dominion of India.27 October 1947: The Indian army enters the state to repel the invaders. Sheikh Abdullah (Sher-e-Kashmir, father of Farooq Abdullah, grandfather of Omar Abdullah) endorses the accession, National Conference Helps Indian Army fight against the Tribal Leaders. Raja Hari Singh appoints Sheikh Abdullah as head of the emergency administration.27 October 1947: Mohammad Ali Jinnah orders General Douglas Gracey to send Pakistani troops into Kashmir. Gracey declines pointing out the fact of Kashmir's accession to India. Gracey had a 'stand down order' from the Supreme Commander Claude Auchinleck to the effect that, in the event of an inter-Dominion war, all the British officers in both the armies must stand down.1 November 1947: Skirmishes reduce in intensity. Winter is coming. There is a stalemate of sort in the war.20–21 October 1947 : Between 20,000 and 1 lakh Muslims are killed in what is later known as the Jammu Massacres. Lakhs migrate with their kith and kin to Sialkot in Punjab following the massacre. This was avenged sooner on the other side.20 November 1947: Lord Mountbatten suggests to Nehru, that he should go to the newly formed successor to the League of Nations, the UN for an international mediation, since India has a ‘solid and fool-proof’ case. His proposal is discussed in the Indian cabinet. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel expresses his displeasure.25 November 1947: Massacre of 20,000 Hindus and Sikhs takes place at a shelter at Mirpur in what is now Azad Kashmir. The day is remembered as the Mirpur day in Indian-administered Jammu.4 December 1947: The British Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army sanctions military involvement in the Kashmir war. One million rounds of ammunition and twelve volunteer officers are provided.28 December 1947: Lord Mountbatten writes to Nehru again, to convince him to ceasefire. British Prime Minister Attlee warns Nehru that opening a broader war would jeopardise India's case in the UN.31 December 1947: India officially refers the Kashmir problem to the security council of the United Nations. Alexander Cadogan, the permanent representative of the UN files a report claiming that, “India was entitled to charge Pakistan as aggressor under Article 35 and to take measures for self-defence under Article 51, including "pursuing invaders into Pakistan".15 January 1948: Both India and Pakistan present their case. India argues the case on the basis of legality. Pakistan in her argument accuses India of committing a genocide in Kashmir and capturing Junagarh. Pakistan calls for pulling back of both the Tribal fighters and the Indian forces out of Kashmir.30th January 1948: Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated in Birla House, Delhi, by an extreme right wing Hindu ideologue. He died before any medical help could reach him. His death pulled Nehru and Patel together. Official mourning was declared both in India and Pakistan.21 April 1948: UN Security Council passes Resolution 47 calling for a three-step process for the resolution of the dispute: Pakistani withdrawal of its nationals, India to reduce its troops to minimum level, and arrangements for a plebiscite. Both India and Pakistan reject this resolution.13 August 1948: UNCIP adopts its first resolution on Kashmir, fine-tuning the April resolution of the Security Council to take into account objections by both India and Pakistan. Pakistan's aggression is indirectly acknowledged by asking for its withdrawal as the first step. The resolution is accepted by India, but effectively rejected by Pakistan. The fighting continues. There are small gains on both sides. Both sides prepare for renewed war efforts, since - Winter is coming.11 September 1948: Jinnah died of TB, in the middle of the road, in oppressive heat, in a broken down ambulance, as Fatima Jinnah tried to discourage the flies bumbling over his head. Official mourning was declared both in India and Pakistan.13 September 1948: Under a swift military intervention, codenamed, Operation Polo, The Indian Army enters the Princely State of Hyderabad.1 November 1948: Zoji La pass is finally captured by India after months of fighting. Ladakh is now secure in Indian hands.15 November 1948: Drass sector is recaptured from the Pakistani forces after weeks of heavy fighting and loss of life on both sides.23 November 1948: Kargil is captured back from the Pakistani forces. This one’s special, because the terrain here is the most difficult and the Indian forces are neither acclimatised for such high altitude, nor do they have winter clothing.1 January 1949: A ceasefire is declared by both India and Pakistan. Indian forces till now had cleared most of the Kashmir valley, and Ladakh while successfully defending Jammu. There is no way for the Indian forces to reach Gilgit and Baltistan during the winters months. Everyone agrees to wait for the ‘snows’ to melt.5 January 1949: UNCIP (United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan) resolution states that the question of the accession of the State of Jammu and Kashmir to India or Pakistan will be decided through a free and impartial plebiscite. Both India and Pakistan agree in principle, but disagree with the steps. The biggest question at hand is the so called Azad Kashmir Army, which Pakistan insists, should not be withdrawn from the Kashmir that it controls.It was a stalemate.28 April 1949: Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan, the 32 year old leader of pro-Pakistan Kashmiri resistance, who was recently declared as the President of Azad Kashmir by Pakistan, was made to sign the Karachi Agreement in secret. This agreement ceded control of Kashmir’s defence, foreign affairs along with a complete control over Gilgit-Baltistan as a Pakistani territory. This agreement only came to light in the 1990s.17 October 1949: The constituent assembly of India passed article 370 of the Indian constitution, ensuring a special status and internal autonomy for Jammu and Kashmir, with Indian jurisdiction in Kashmir limited to the three areas agreed in the Instrument of Accession, viz., defence, foreign affairs and communications.1951 AD: The election to the constituent assembly are announced in Kashmir. This constituent assembly is supposed to work as per Article 370 of the Indian constitution. 75 seats are allocated - 25 of them are left empty for the Pakistan Occupied Kashmir.The election is rigged - National Conference wins all 75 seats.1952 AD: Sheikh Abdullah, now the Prime Minister of Kashmir, flips. Declares that he favours independence and not accession to India. The same year, monarchy is officially abolished in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.1953 AD: Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, a leader of the Jan Sangh Party (Which later became BJP), dies in jail. He had been arrested for entering the State of Jammu and Kashmir for agitation against the special status given to the state.Sheikh Abdullah, the Prime Minister of J&K, who had been demanding for independence in public meetings, is also dismissed and put into the prison for Anti-India activities (Kashmir Conspiracy Case). Bakshi Ghulam Mohammed becomes the new Prime Minister of the state, who soon ratifies the accession of Kashmir to India in the state assembly.1954 AD: India and Pakistan create a bilateral commission, to organise the plebiscite in Kashmir within the next 6 months. This commision is broken later, when Pakistan and US sign a Mutual Defence Assistance Agreement - which Nehru sees as anti India.1956 AD: The J&K state assembly, adopts a resolution, declaring Kashmir as an integral part of India. India’s home minister, Pandit Govind Ballabh Pant declares to the press during his visit to Kashmir that now, there is no need for a plebiscite in Kashmir.1957 AD: Elections to the first legislative assembly of Kashmir are held. National Conference wins 69 of the 75 seats. 47 seats are won unopposed. Allegations of cheating are levelled up again. No one cares. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammed continues as the PM of Kashmir.1959 AD: China Officially annexes Tibet, and declares it an integral part of China. Everyone in India suddenly realise, that Aksai Chin, shown in our maps, as a part of J&K, is not in our sovereign control. China starts building a road to connect Xinjiang in Northwestern China to Tibet. China is now building a road from the same Xinjiang province, to Gwadar in Balochistan under CPEC.1962 AD: Second round of elections are held for the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir state. National Conference wins 68 of the 74 seats.1963 AD: Pakistan signs an agreement with China, giving away the Northern areas, or the Trans-Karakoram Tract of Kashmir to China, JLT.Same year, On 27 December, the Holy Relic from Hazratbal Shrine is stolen around 2 am when the custodians of the shrine were sleeping. Around 50,000 locals carrying black flags demonstrated in front of the shrine. This is the first time when anti-India slogans were heard in Kashmir.The relic was recovered on 4 January 1964, but no information about the thieves was disclosed.1964 AD: Sheikh Abdullah is finally released from Prison for good, All Charges against him are dropped. This is an 11 year long - ‘non-continuous’ stint in jail that makes him a beloved of the people - The Sher-e-Kashmir. Article 356 and 357 are amended to change the post of Prime Minister into that of the Chief Minister.1965 AD: The ruling party in Kashmir, National Conference decides to dissolve itself, and merge in the Indian National Congress Party.The same year, an advisor tells Pakistani Dictator, General Aayub Khan, that there is an mass unrest in the Kashmir Valley and if he can send out some ‘help’ he can write him name in Pakistani history in golden letters as Fateh-e-Kashmir.He really likes the idea and orders the execution of Operation Gibraltar. Pakistani Troops enter the Kashmir Valley in Salwar Kameez - are identified by Locals and reported to the army - the ‘brilliant’ idea fails and gets nipped in the bud. This starts the India Pakistan War of 1965.India opens the war front outside Kashmir, entering Lahore and Sialkot. The return of the Indian troops from Lahore is celebrated as a Victory by the Spin doctors of the Pakistani National Narrative as (Youm-e-Difa) a successful day of defence (Obviously, had they not attacked first - there would have been no use of defending later).—————————-The Start of Kashmiri Militancy1966 AD: Both countries sign a ceasefire agreement in Tashkent, mediated by Russia. This is the first time, when Pakistan realises its martial impotency and decides to support guerrilla groups against India. Kashmiri separatists, Amanullah Khan and Maqbool Bhat form a Plebiscite Front with an armed wing called NLF, which later become JKLF (Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front) in the Pakistani held Kashmir. Maqbool Bhat is later arrested while he’s trying to enter Indian Kashmir. Amanullah Khan settles down in London.1971 AD: Pakistan implodes, giving birth to Bangladesh. Over 90,000 Pakistani Soldiers surrender. India and Pakistan sign the Shimla agreement - mutually agreeing to make Kashmir a bilateral dispute.1977 AD: 3rd Elections are held to the state assembly. They are considered to be the first free and fair elections in Kashmir. Sheikh Abdullah and his party wins a Majority.1982 AD: Sheikh Abdullah, the Sher-e-Kashmir, dies. His son, Farooq Abdullah becomes the new Chief Minister of J&K.1984 AD: Indian consul general in Indian consul general in Birmingham, UK Ravindra Mhatre is abducted and murdered by JKLF militants. India executes Maqbool Bhat. Amanullah Khan is asked to leave UK - he returns back to Pakistan. Pakistan’s ISI helps Amanullah start a more violent and radical version of the militant group - JKLF1987 AD: Jammu and Kashmir Assembly elections take place in 1987. Most commentators agree that these elections were rigged and manipulated by the Central Government to favor candidates which were in line with the government of the day.1989 AD: The Soviet occupation of Afghanistan ends. Pakistan and Saudi Arabia recognise the Taliban government in Afghanistan. Pakistan finally has a friendly Afghanistan and the ever elusive strategic depth along with a ready infrastructure to sponsor Jihad in Kashmir.1990 AD: Jagmohan, perhaps one of the most hated Indian in Kashmir valley is appointed as the governor of the state. CM Farooq Abdullah resigns, close to 100 local protesters are killed in firing. Lassa Kaul, director of Srinagar Doordarshan is killed by JKLF - the first major Kashmiri Pandit to be assassinated in the valley - What follows is the 7th forced exodus of Kashmiris - this time, orchestrated by the locals - those who had converted persecute those who hadn’t.While the Pandits leave en masse, about 10,000 young Kashmiris cross the LOC and get trained in the militant training camps run in Pakistan. Many come back and wreak havoc in Kashmir.The Armed Forces (Jammu and Kashmir) Special Powers Act is passed in the Indian Parliament and with the recommendation from the state government, AFSPA is imposed in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.1999 AD: Pakistan’s Chief of Army staff, along with a few flunkies, decide to extract a revenge of Siachen - in the winters, when the Indian troops vacate their posts in Kargil, they are take up by Pakistani soldiers in Salwar Kameez. Their only mistake - they forget to inform the Navy and the Airforce and fail to take a national consensus. They were hoping to bluff all the way to a negotiating table and perhaps maintain a status quo - what India does in response just takes their napkins away.Pakistan tries to bluff initially by calling the belligerents as Mujahideens, refusing to even take back the dead bodies - but later, under intense international pressure, accepts them as their own and is forces to execute a humiliating unilateral ceasefire.2001 AD: In October, the State Assembly in Srinagar is attacked by Militants - 36 are killed. Two months later, the Parliament of India is attacked.2003 AD: The Delhi Lahore Bus Service Resumes.2012 AD: Chief Minister Omar Abdullah declares that AFSPA is here to stay for a bit longer.2014 AD: Jammu and Kashmir Legislative elections take place with a record turn-out.2016 AD: Following the killing of Burhan Muzaffar Wani, an acclaimed terrorist from Hizbul Mujahideen, a wave of protests engulf the valley.While I am adding a new section here right now. I would like to leave you with the following lines:Iswar Allah, tere jahan mein, nafrat kyon hai, jung hai kyon?Jab har dil mein, tu rehta hai, insan ka dil, tang hai kyon?Loose TranslationHey lord of all people, in your world, why is there strife and war?When you beat in every heart, why are these hearts beating apart?Thank you for reading, cheers and peace :)Footnotes[1] Paradise Regained?[1] Paradise Regained?[1] Paradise Regained?[1] Paradise Regained?[2] Read full sher by Agha Hashr Kashmiri[2] Read full sher by Agha Hashr Kashmiri[2] Read full sher by Agha Hashr Kashmiri[2] Read full sher by Agha Hashr Kashmiri[3] Prophet's Birthday[3] Prophet's Birthday[3] Prophet's Birthday[3] Prophet's Birthday[4] 17 yrs later, the mystery of Mast Gul's escape remains[4] 17 yrs later, the mystery of Mast Gul's escape remains[4] 17 yrs later, the mystery of Mast Gul's escape remains[4] 17 yrs later, the mystery of Mast Gul's escape remains[5] Kashmir and It's People[5] Kashmir and It's People[5] Kashmir and It's People[5] Kashmir and It's People

Get ready to read long answer‘Inorganic chemistry is that branch of chemistry which most toppers study very seriously as compared to others and this is where they defeat others.’For inorganic chemistry, keep the following 3 points in mind:1.) NCERT is the GodBook. Learn "each and every" word of NCERT for inorganic chemistry. In past few years, IIT's have picked up questions directly from NCERT. Once, an 8 marks matrix match was also picked up directly from NCERT.2.) Don't leave the inorganic chemistry for the last 2 months. Start preparing for it from the first day itself and seriously "learn" inorganic chemistry for 2 whole years or as much as possible.3.) Do regular revision. I can bet you that if you don't revise for about 15 days, then you are sure to forget a large part of it.Same for every one.First Read from reliable source like JD Lee(equation of Uncertainty principle is incomplete only theoretical error in whole book !!),Cengage cover either subject point to point in details,NCERT because most of question will come from this book directly,don’t ignore it on any cost….Coaching modules of good coaching they'd already go through all books in market but sometimes it becomes difficult to understand from them due to improper reasoning. Don’t go for book like OP Tandon!! which back-off it’s own points.Understand that Inorganic chemistry needs more time compared to other subjects. But,the result of your hard work is also good. You should read as mush as possible. Reading the same thing periodically fix it in your mind.Learning methodologyRead chapter from NCERT most basic book for starter give you base for high-level text.During first read follow these pointsSit with attitude to learn not to memorise.Mark every important point,structure,formula,exception helps you to revise latter…..End your first reading.Meditate for some time as your brain is trying to arrange facts and interelate facts in thins time,Avoid any distraction is highly important.Take break or Revise any topic you already know in any subject i.e.,P&C,Probability,Optics or etc. in about 5 minutes.Start memorising:As you already know chapter well you can now easily memorise or rote (in some topics) it.Go through chapter twice quickly after attempting to learn,Then take a sound sleep!Solve problems:Next time when you sit to complete it have bullet review of facts and solve some basic questions.Mark good ones.Move to advanced level book: Provide you more knowledge about topics,new facts is about to discover but as most advanced books contain unnecessary stuff,try to stuck to syllabus.Revise it till you become confident about topics.Solve it’s exercise or Level 2 problems:As noodles is incomplete without soup chemistry is incomplete without good problems,this is stage where you get to know real applications of concepts you learn,level of understanding required to clear JEE. Go for variety of questions.Highlight the key points and understand them to help you.Keep revising this will make you pro in inorganic chemistrySome tips to improve inorganic chemistry:Conduct Quizzes at school level ,competition is best way to evolve. It would be even better if you are paper setter than you’ll get chance to learn more than everyone else.Write reactions with pen and paper best way to memorise and understand even mechanisms of organic chemistry,You can’t fool your self in that way.Make mind maps after reading every chapter.Learn What kinds of problems were asked in JEE from specific topic,So solving previous year papers at early stage will be better.Review every point cause you’ll easily forget.Difficulty is only for starting day:Please don’t say you learn every alphabet in one reading.Learn every structure and method of preparation of compounds because most questions are based on them.Revise from good notes.Understand periodic table and it’s trends.Stick to syllabus: Having deep knowledge and having unnecessary knowledge are two different things.I don’t mean to say any knowledge is waste but you may want to get good marks first(which is shit of present education system )Make your own short-cuts or mnemonics to memorise likeThese notes belong to Dishant Shah and I request you not to reproduce outside Quora. Excellent, aren’t they??Study inorganic chemistry every day for an hour before sleeping .Do the questions of the read chapter on weekends.Obviously, you might not be able to the questions on the first go.Learn from every question: most of the theory could be explained by problems.Have a firm knowledge and understanding of atomic mass, electron configuration, atomic number, protons, neutrons, electrons, etc.Understand chemical bonding of elements. The types of bonds that form between elements affect how a compound will react with other compounds.Stop thinking that you have to study only because you have to pass an exam or give a presentation. Learning this subject will undoubtedly help you in Organic and Physical Chemistry too as many concepts taught here are used in these fields as well.Prepare a well structured plan to have proper knowledge of topics so that you could manage it with other subjects.Ask your teachers for doubts in doubt session or after office hours, never hesitate to ask!REVISE 3-4 times a day what u read the previous days. Use time wisely.Learn all the exceptions and specialities of all the elements. You can be asked direct questions in the exam.Pay extra attention to co-ordination compounds. You will definitely find a question in JEE.If you don’t read NCERT first than you definitely waste lots of time in understanding it.And could believe that many topics are unnecessary.Give special attention to all chapters :p including blocks chemistry and chemical bonding,Yes they require high input.Try to increase amount of anti-oxidant in your diet.such as Clove,Cinnamon,Oregano,Turmeric,Cocoa,Cumin,Parsley ,Basil,Ginger,Thyme because they improve your memory.Never get angry during studying If you get angry will waste your 1 hour in future and 2 hours of hard work of paste,angry is best enemy of memory.Never continue reading if you feel tired but you could revise in this time.Understand exceptions : Behind every exceptions there is a reason if you understand it than you don’t have to rote it.i.e., order of atomic radius in Boron group is question of JEE advanced 2016.Reason is improper shielding by d-electrons. Source :NCERT.Try to understand every structure and relates facts behind them by your own: Lets take example of this JEE 2016 problem for which many student believe its based on memorisation is it is but not completelyHere is it’s solutionYes you have to memorise this structure but by diagram you can conclude these pointsOnly two B atom lies in same plane because little chair structure and different hybridisation of B atom.Two B is sp2 and two is sp3 hybridised because different bond angles is formed by B atoms.You’ll not found these points in even JD Lee!!But in cengage.Finally i’ll end discussion with my conversation with my teacher in early stage of class 12 after coaching overMe:Sir,XYZ is excellent in his academics than why didn’t he get that good rank in JEE ??Sir:Because he is weak in inorganic chemistry,he didn’t learn it well.Me: Sir,even I find it difficult to learn inorganic chemistry what should I do??Sir:First tell me How many percent of time have you dedicate to learn it in comparison of Physics and Mathematics.Me: Face-palm :pHe than taught me to write sequence of orbitals energy from 1s to 7p in about 20 seconds!! without Aufbau principle.Thanks for readingHope this Helps.Edit:Thanks Alisha Cain for edits.

“The student body of the Civil department of the University, On the Recommendation of the Academic experiences and by the Virtue of the Authority Vested in them have Conferred upon submitting this answer to the whole of the world!”Synopsis-The world of illusion, a brand factory (everything is extremely expensive all in all and worthless!), The BML (Munjal University) Corporate, aka Raman Munjal of Dharuhera/Kapdiwas not Gurgaon!Well, I believe if you have amazing capability of wasting your dad's hard earned money or you want to get under tremendous debt for your whole life, you don't want any placements, you wish to waste 3.5 years of your life for nothing and also to understand the politics of the world and the business organization like BML University then my dear friend BML Munjal University is as good as you can imagine! Specially, Civil Department will help you reach the heights of your tolerance level and will extend them, till you completely change yourself for bad! You’ll learn Politics, diplomacy, chaatna, and how to change colors to get benefits out of fools, at the right time. And hypocrisy is the most important trait you should have for survival!And come on you need all these skills to become a Government Employee in the end! So, start preparing for IAS the time you join this college and take this very branch here! :DTheir Marketing team or the admission department lied to us and many other students that the seats are limited and are getting filled every minute, kindly pay the money! In reality only 10 students opted for Civil and 1 left at the right moment of time to save his life and money! Well in this answer it'll be only about, technical Civil Engineering of Munjal University!CHAPTER 1. Infrastructure-Is as good as you can sleep peacefully, labs are amazing you'll find stuff which has been carried out for engineering by your great grandparents, nothing new as per Indian Standards. You'll get good meals at the end of everyday thanks to two different messes. Carry out a century old experiments, feel happy about mixing cement with grains and gravels and produce a mix for checking ultimate strength! Examine soil over various apparatuses and be elated tum Civil Engineer ban rhe ho! Fill files write experiments even though many are obsolete experiments, but you and your career depends on that one file of lab! So, have fun in the lab! That’s the only thing which is near to reality. ईंट से ईंट जोड़ लोगे! Gopal sir, the lab assistant was the only genuine gentleman of Civil and taught us experiments in the most simplest of ways. Genuine respect for him! He's also going to leave, since he never received any respect from his senior professors.CHAPTER 2. Faculty-Namely,Dr. K.K Jain (HOD)-PhD , 2. Mr. Adnan Hussain and 3. Dr. Abhishek Jindal-PhDProfessional Hypocrites, diplomats, egoists and business men, bastards craving for fake respect. Cause PhD took all their respect away, they had their past hence they wish to boast and demand respect in return.…………jo gaali tumhari dictionary me sabse badi ho ye wo hain.(AKA Sanskari aur online achchai dikhane wale launde kahin aur ja k bakchodi kare.. ) Kaun 2 kaudi k logon k liye apni zaban barbad kare wo bhi baar baar? But yes, if you are talented and a bright student who expects something out of your engineering years or in the field of engineering and you don't wish to listen to their bullshit everyday. Ego hurt, hence it's time for revenge!Then they'll make sure you fail, your marks will be compromised both internal and on your answer sheets, your image will be shattered in the whole of the university, they'll take things personally!Even if you have the evidences to prove them wrong about your false failure/ you’ve been intentionally failed, the university takes their justification as the final decision and then send you back with fake promises. You can’t do anything rechecking will be done by them only, even if you feel like you have been fooled! It’s a circle you get into! Evidences are just for you, not for them!Be ready for getting failed more number of times now! And pay hefty amounts to get through your journey! They’ll tell you on your face, that you’ll fail once you’ve had enough of them. And don’t expect anything from your classmates, they don’t have any guts and they all want degrees on time without any problem! Absolute pussies! Student Council thus made in the university is for name sake and marketing! Nothing else..psychiatrist gets somebody to talk to, finally from Civil.Every single mark is in their hand, and they already make their minds up before you do your best or submit anything in advance! Your Career, your CGPA all depends on how great your relation is with your department. Remember their Birthdays, Anniversaries and days of death! You might become the topper of your class!If you don’t really care about anything, and you are an amazing mugger and can fake for 4 years, can win hearts(chutiya kaat k), can stay silent,than you’ll be able to flow well..by saying Yes! to everything they say. (Even, if it’s only bullshit!) But, the knowledge will be restricted to your books. (Which contains a century old stuff, obsolete! Has very little use in the real world!) Yes, certain subjects are important but they demand genuine teachers as well! Which you won’t get here! Huh!You'll be harassed mentally to extremes, self confidence will be shattered and you'll have to dance on their tunes to get yourselves sailing. They'll change colours more quickly than any artist can change on it’s palette! Be ready to become John Wick for your lifetime! Get Guns.. Lots of Guns with you! And you'll be constantly running to save yourselves and getting your degree done!They all are working together and share same breaths everyday, hence nobody can be trusted, each and everything about you or your conversation floats to the whole department and sometimes the entire university! Kitty party happens very often!No workshops likes of AutoCAD , STAAD PRO. substantially or even other bridge designing etc takes place. For us we had a 2 day STAAD PRO. workshop for the sake of publicity! Just imagine how easy they made! LOL.. No aim, no vision pure fun and lots of pun! Zero% industrial experience and exposure! Practice Schools/internships are the only scope of getting industrial exposure, that too if you get into a promising company/organization and learn stuff.Your Entire success of being a Civil Engineer from Munjal University depends on Word, Power Point Presentation and Excel Sheet. Your reports should be of PhD standards, your knowledge doesn’t matter more than the references you give at the last! Your alignment , margin and font type are the reality of how much you’ve learnt, your internal knowledge of the topic is entirely of no use! So if you join, learn making reports more than gaining knowledge lol! Presentation seminars are equivalent to Roadies Auditions.Dr. Abhishek Jindal, the educated hypocrite of the year. Tends to be strict with his rules, delivers knowledge very well in the classroom. Likes bookish language, instead of understandable language.And, allows you to cheat, right under his nose with a phone (this special provision is for the student who was able to lick his ass really well!) rest were idiots who used to mug up his boring subjects to clear all his quizzes and exams.Also, if he's a mentor of yours and you go to him well in time, before the presentation for getting your report checked or anything else to be looked after. He'll approve your stuff, and later on because of his idiocy skills will sing on the same note as HOD (because he likes creating nonsense scene for fun, the HOD). Finding stupid faults on the D-day, his own recommendations will be critized by the HOD and he won't have the guts to accept it, infront of him.His oversmartness always lands him into proving how huge an idiot he turns out to be later on. He himself critizes his own recommendations lol, to prove his Hypocrisy and idiocy time to time.All in all itne waqt me ek ne bhi really izzat nhi kamai, but paisa bhot kamaya! Ek bhi student izzat nhi karta! And whatever is shown by some, is all fake!Attitude will be sky high, as if they've paid your money to study under them only!They follow the same trend as they underwent in their past, try to create a hype in every small matter that even a small baby can deal with very beautifully and easily. Everything is in their hand, everything regarding your academics. Whatever shit they might have experienced in past, they make sure you also get the taste of the same.PS- When we did Internships of couple of months sincerely to finally learn STAAD, and other useful softwares and learnt the real engineering applications on superficial level and since I had a background in Civil hence, I’ve managed to get myselves back on track, but others they have been completely ruined! The ultimate bright student (topper), has gone for Masters cause he knew he can’t do anything with this degree that he’ll receive!There’s a huge gap in what is taught in colleges like these, and what is required on the field or to even carry out consultancy! They know everything, but they do cheap stuff deliberately!And moreover, there's no high table above or any power whether you talk about Dean, Vice-chancellor or even President Pappu etc. Who'll listen to your genuine requests, because they themselves are extremely diplomat and worthless! They know things are getting dealt with very badly, but they won't do anything to stop it. They'll give you forms to fill for feedback, they'll circulate emails to fill and, all my dear friend is trash! Every promise is fake and everything is as fake as you can imagine! Finally, the feedback forms were getting used for making paper planes! - This is their real feedback read out loud, and understand each and everything well!Because the teachers in the end, end up earning extra money by failing the students and they feed their egos like that! Hence, Guru Dakshina deni padti hai.. So, 2 hazar se (2k) to 12 hazar (12k) ka chadhwa lagta hai! After that you receive VIP pass to get ultimate darshan!Professors of Civil are assholes/diplomats who have joined the university to feed their egos and to earn money. Because, all these years in their lives they've never achieved anything that they can be proud of, for their lives. Hence, PhD was the only hope! Ye itna girenge.. Ki Mariana Trench chota lagega!Haan padhai ki baat…bhai yahan padhai below standard ki hoti hai! Jo karate hain wo bade hypocrites hain, us padhai ka koi matlab nhi jo kaam hi na aaye reality me, every important subject (Core subject) demands good knowledge in depth, experience and finally delivery. On paper every subject is mentioned but the way it'll be taught by HOD it'll blow your mind away. Others, do fair job. They give it a try. Isiliye free rahoge, bore hoge HOD ki class me, so have girlfriend…time nikal jaega use whatsapp karte- Civil DepartmentCHAPTER 3. Education/knowledge -You'll have classes regularly, you'll have to run for your attendance, otherwise grade drop! If you're in the vicious circle of hurting their egos they'll make sure you suffer the best!Better you do internships and go for different courses online for 3 years itself, work upon building your skills, you'll end up far ahead of any private university of this country! And you might become something that you might be proud of yourself, down the line. Because that’s how the reality is!But studying from a worthless private like this is as stupid as far as, your imagination allows you to imagine. Expectations will be shattered, and you'll be under serious debt being unemployed in the end.2 professors as mentioned above, did tried and delivered well enough the certain subjects they taught, but in the midst they showed their true colors. Both of them are very capable and well educated but they have no ethics of their own and dance the same way their HOD expects. They teach fairly good, but lost all the respect when their actual colors came out, image became crystal clear. They are puppets of HOD, and he’s the biggest asshole of all currently(mithi churi, mitha chutiya), and everything is managed by him from curriculum to nature of all other subordinates and ofcourse your marks of any subject! Whatever he'll teach those subjects are gonna be your weakest subjects of life (Core subjects), cause he doesn't know how to teach, knows how to waste time and knows how to keep students under his shoes for a span of some time. The only thing which comes to rescue are those small and brief youtube videos and NPTEL to study. But when you've paid so high you expect things to atleast be at par! He even regularly boasts about having been a topper himself, it's all bullshit! Maintains terror over pussies and gets his feedback perfect from them. And in the end boasts in the whole of university and maintains the art of having good relations with other faculty members of other departments, such that they support him. Biggest A-hole we ever witnessed in our lives.. But I think it's just a beginning.. His solutions to question papers will be more thorough and better understandable than the whole semester he taught. His main aim always turns out to be, to complete formalities and pass the time in class and feed little bit that nobody can question later on, about what he did the whole semester. If he would have taught diplomacy, politics as open courses. The whole of college would've attended his classes for sure.“एक गंदी मछली सारे तालाब को गंदा कर देती है!” And it was visible in most of the part of the university staff. To counter the real feedbacks, professors were failing the bright students. Because of the suggestions he gave to most for survival. His say is final in the end of everything and he’s the most worthless and non-sense personality! Boasts about his IIT-B experiences and professional ones, but after meeting him you’ll question the visa process of our country based on his communication skills. Arey zabardasti farzi angreji kyun jhadna bhai!?- 2 well educated and promising teachers left because of him and his stupid personality. Tries to act really smart all the time, and juggles with the lives of students like a clown. Has no vision whatsoever for the whole of the department, even though the strength itself is negligible when compared with other departments. The biggest asshole and the most fakest of personalities of Munjal University, is the award that the whole Civil Student Community gives to him. And he earned it after a lot of hardwork and years of wasting lives, money and time of his customers A.K.A students!Formalities happen as any other college, classes, presentation, assignments etc. to evaluate your performance based on their predetermined marks. You choose topic you do the research work, which was carried out for years.. You learn only a little about it and then questions will be put up as if you have written the whole paper. They themselves don't teach single stuff related to it, but expect you to cover years of research in few days to deliver like a boss. Which is fair I believe, those who tried they actually got benefited by learning at least something cool.Those who have stayed with him, they are his fake blind bhakts, because salary important hai..aur HERO ek dariya! And boss is always right!University or yahan k administration ko le k! Yahan ka ek bhi bannda kisi ka saga nhi hai.. Ye ek organization hai jo ek University k naam pe chal rha hai!Ek ek insaan ki yahan, ye thinking hai.. ki kaise paisa kamaye?? Kyunki ye students nhi.. Ye bakre hain jo humare banndhe hue customers hain! Paisa phenk tamasha dekh!- I would like you to experience yourselves ;)After all this, ultimately you'll lose interest of studying anything (although Civil is really interesting when we are guided by real passionate people or professionals) knowing the outcome beforehand. You'll just try to survive little by little, by fooling them as they are fooling you around. And saving money.Discrimination clearly tells you how much you'll score even if you wrote the answer sheet really well. When you'll compare with others, you'll clearly get to know how well you've been discriminated. And when you take the evidences over above (the Dean etc.) they only tell you to keep calm and just get sailing. Cause, they can't find any another professor/professors, neither can afford to fire in the midst of a session.As I mentioned, feedback both written and face to face doesn't work here. And it won't for years to come.CHAPTER 4. Placements-Two batches of fooled students of Civil have passed out of this college, and only those who have had backgrounds in Civil are working in Core Civil on their own. You pay 2 thousand rupees for getting placement training to learn aptitude and stuff, you pay lakhs for the semester and have least number of classes.None of the core companies came for placements, neither the faculty had their own references to call even one! We couldn’t get even internships with the help of this organization. We had to find on our own! Marketing or Placement COM doesn’t have respect for Civil Department, neither they care about the careers of Civil students! Since, number of students were small and the representatives insignificant hence nobody gave a F!Rest, everybody has shifted their interest from Civil to Management or any job they get in hand to pay back the money they wasted. And keep on running in the vicious circle of life! Not even 9 students are getting placed anywhere of a single batch, though 1 got placed in management company, just imagine how good it is! Investing 4 years in Civil to get into management company that too on your own! Combining with the previous batch, almost 20 students as a whole remained unemployed till they received their degrees. Which means 2 back to back batches 99% unemployed.PS- BML Munjal k ambassadors aur baaki bakchod yahan aa k angreji na jhade.. Tum 2 Rs me bik jaate ho..Apni Aukaat dhyaan me rkhte kuch bolna! Baaki this is a true story a reality. And since, the number of students have came down to mere 5–6 this year, I hope it gets shut down very soon!The only good thing that happened to us, were the teachers who taught us perspective courses and some common courses with mechanical batch as well, like Strength of Materials, Selling and Persuasive skills etc. Those professors were highly qualified and ultimate professionals who not only delivered well, but genuinely wanted to produce good out of nothing! And we’ll always stay humble and great-full to them! Also, since Civil Department is small and is worthless. But rest of the university did had few good professors who really desire to produce good professionals out. We always tend to have respect for those who deserve it, who have the capability of changing lives by making people capable and humble. But those who are fakes, are bastards/diplomats who end up getting into organizations like these, playing with the lives of people around for their own benefits, deserve nothing more than shit!CHAPTER 5. RESULTS —Do not join BML Munjal University for Civil Engineering, even if you are gonna die! - Janhit me Jaari! It's really unfortunate, but then the truth was meant to be told! - Share this answer with your friends and people and make sure they don't join this university!CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION--The thing which keeps these wrong doers motivated is no involvement of parents or nobody who protest against them. The system is all interconnected and hence they'll find a way to justify the result. But since, parents don't get involved due to the fear of losing more money or getting entangled in a long process of getting A-holes fired, they let the ship sail. And that's the biggest mistake! Diplomats win and students fail in life! Your emotions, the amount of struggle your family face to get you into colleges like these, your personality, your hardwork and your career. Everything gets compromised to those extents which becomes unbearable and unrepairable! Examination Control Board doesn't allows you to take the photos of your answer sheets because you'll have the evidence to prove the entire system wrong! You can't open up your own answer sheet at later stages to prove anybody wrong or the system. Suneet Soni, tells you to roam in the whole of the college to not get your job done. Hence, you'll be the slave of your biggest mistake, that you took admission into this college.CHAPTER - 7. REFERENCES AND VERDICT - -We are those unfortunate alumni and it’s our firm experience and belief. None of the above stated allegations are false, contact alumni of CIVIL over various social media platforms for more info! It’s anonymously posted because it’s an answer from 2 back to back passed out batches, as a whole!